A survey of IS academics and practitioners was conducted to identify key IS issues. The list of key IS issues used in the survey includes five new issues that were not present in previous surveys. These issues are Software Reengineering and Maintenance, Client/Server Computing, IS Education and Training, the Internet, and IS Ethics and Legal Issues. Due to the transition of IT platforms from mainframes and microcomputers to network computing, telecommunications and network-related issues are ranked high in the survey. The long-term trends in the ranking of issues over prior surveys indicate that the percentage of technical issues in the top ten is rising while the percentage of managerial issues is declining. A comparison of practitioner and academic rankings of IS issues reveals that academics rank managerial and emerging issues higher than practitioners.
{"title":"Critical IS Issues in the Network Era","authors":"Yongbeom Kim, Youngjin Kim","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1999100102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1999100102","url":null,"abstract":"A survey of IS academics and practitioners was conducted to identify key IS issues. The list of key IS issues used in the survey includes five new issues that were not present in previous surveys. These issues are Software Reengineering and Maintenance, Client/Server Computing, IS Education and Training, the Internet, and IS Ethics and Legal Issues. Due to the transition of IT platforms from mainframes and microcomputers to network computing, telecommunications and network-related issues are ranked high in the survey. The long-term trends in the ranking of issues over prior surveys indicate that the percentage of technical issues in the top ten is rising while the percentage of managerial issues is declining. A comparison of practitioner and academic rankings of IS issues reveals that academics rank managerial and emerging issues higher than practitioners.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"141 1","pages":"14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70478238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examines the correlates of burnout in systems IS professionals. While there has been little previous research in the area of burnout among IS professionals, anecdotal evidence shows that burnout causes a negative impact on the peiformance of IS employees. These negative impacts can take the form of cynicism, dissatisfaction, and turnover McGee, 1996. In this study we empirically examine the correlations of burnout with several work attributes that are considered to be either antecedents or consequences of burnout. Two role stressors are examined in this study-role ambiguity and role conflict. These variables are theorized to be antecedents of burnout. In addition, two dimensions of organizational commitment-affective and continuance commitment-are examined as possible consequences of burnout. The emotional exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory is used to measure burnout in 312 IS professionals. Both role stressors were found to co "elate positively with burnout. In addition, affective commitment was found to be negatively correlated and continuance commitment positively correlated with burnout.
{"title":"An examination of the correlates of burnout in information systems professionals","authors":"T. Barrier, Ruth C. King, V. Sethi","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1999070101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1999070101","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the correlates of burnout in systems IS professionals. While there has been little previous research in the area of burnout among IS professionals, anecdotal evidence shows that burnout causes a negative impact on the peiformance of IS employees. These negative impacts can take the form of cynicism, dissatisfaction, and turnover McGee, 1996. In this study we empirically examine the correlations of burnout with several work attributes that are considered to be either antecedents or consequences of burnout. Two role stressors are examined in this study-role ambiguity and role conflict. These variables are theorized to be antecedents of burnout. In addition, two dimensions of organizational commitment-affective and continuance commitment-are examined as possible consequences of burnout. The emotional exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory is used to measure burnout in 312 IS professionals. Both role stressors were found to co \"elate positively with burnout. In addition, affective commitment was found to be negatively correlated and continuance commitment positively correlated with burnout.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"5-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70477788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Accessibility, security and portability of computer software and electronic data affects the integration of technology with our business, intellectual and personal lives. As software becomes increasingly popular in the workplace and at home, measures need to be put in place to encourage the legal use of software. Many software vendors have attempted such encouragement through their license agreements. But these written statements are often ignored or make little sense to those who attempt to understand them. Other deterrents of software use, including copy prevention techniques, dongles and time locks, have also been attempted, but have not been overwhelmingly successful. Some other means must be provided to educate the world on the implications of software piracy and encourage legal uses of software. Therefore, an analysis of ethical, legal, technical, managerial and economic issues, consummated in the proposed Software Asset Management Approbation Model, provides a theoretical view of why inappropriate uses of software must be discouraged by everyone who utilizes the benefits of computer software. The recommended framework for the development and implementation of organizational software asset management provides the groundwork for legal and cost effective uses of software.
{"title":"Software Asset Management: Analysis, Development and Implementation","authors":"N. F. Holsing, D. Yen","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1999070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1999070102","url":null,"abstract":"Accessibility, security and portability of computer software and electronic data affects the integration of technology with our business, intellectual and personal lives. As software becomes increasingly popular in the workplace and at home, measures need to be put in place to encourage the legal use of software. Many software vendors have attempted such encouragement through their license agreements. But these written statements are often ignored or make little sense to those who attempt to understand them. Other deterrents of software use, including copy prevention techniques, dongles and time locks, have also been attempted, but have not been overwhelmingly successful. Some other means must be provided to educate the world on the implications of software piracy and encourage legal uses of software. Therefore, an analysis of ethical, legal, technical, managerial and economic issues, consummated in the proposed Software Asset Management Approbation Model, provides a theoretical view of why inappropriate uses of software must be discouraged by everyone who utilizes the benefits of computer software. The recommended framework for the development and implementation of organizational software asset management provides the groundwork for legal and cost effective uses of software.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"14-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70477945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The implementation of a systems development methodology SDM is one of the more difficult paths that many organizational managers have been traversing without benefit of guidance. This research project contains the results of a survey of participants on actual SDM implementation projects using an instrument based on interviews of experts in SDM implementation. The data collected was analyzed, using factor analysis, which identified five factors to consider during SDM implementation: Understanding Methodology Specifics and Benefits, System Personnel Manager Involvement and Responsibility with Organizational SDM Transition, Use of Models, Functional Manager Involvement/Support, and External Support. By paying close attention to aspects of these five factors, organizational managers can help their organization through the major change management phases of' readiness, adoption, and institutionlization of the changes caused by SDM implementation.
{"title":"System development methodology implementation: perceived aspects of importance","authors":"T. Roberts, M. L. Gibson, K. Fields","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1999070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1999070103","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of a systems development methodology SDM is one of the more difficult paths that many organizational managers have been traversing without benefit of guidance. This research project contains the results of a survey of participants on actual SDM implementation projects using an instrument based on interviews of experts in SDM implementation. The data collected was analyzed, using factor analysis, which identified five factors to consider during SDM implementation: Understanding Methodology Specifics and Benefits, System Personnel Manager Involvement and Responsibility with Organizational SDM Transition, Use of Models, Functional Manager Involvement/Support, and External Support. By paying close attention to aspects of these five factors, organizational managers can help their organization through the major change management phases of' readiness, adoption, and institutionlization of the changes caused by SDM implementation.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"27-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70478591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Group differences have often been cited between information system professionals and junctional-business professionals. Now perspectives of what constitutes business rules must be added to the list of group differences. In many organizations,junctional business professionals and information systems professionals disagree as to what constitutes a business rule. Functional personnel express business rules in terms of how business processes are defined and constrained. Alternatively, information system professionals view business rules in terms of the constraints that the rules place on manipulating the organization's data resources. Each of these perspectives is essentialfor the effective management ofafirm' s resources, but each perspective-independent of the otherfails to acknowledge the interreliance of business processes and the information systems that support them. This research develops a theoretical basis for this gap based on structural learning theory's definition of directive rule types: problem definition rules and solution rules. Structural learning theory is used to illustrate how these perspectives can be bridged. Based on the resulting model, the paper discusses the knowledge, skills and abilities that information systems professionals must have to enable bridging the gap.
{"title":"Business-Information Systems Professional Differences: Bridging the Business Rule Gap","authors":"D. Hale, S. Sharpe, J. Hale","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1999040102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1999040102","url":null,"abstract":"Group differences have often been cited between information system professionals and junctional-business professionals. Now perspectives of what constitutes business rules must be added to the list of group differences. In many organizations,junctional business professionals and information systems professionals disagree as to what constitutes a business rule. Functional personnel express business rules in terms of how business processes are defined and constrained. Alternatively, information system professionals view business rules in terms of the constraints that the rules place on manipulating the organization's data resources. Each of these perspectives is essentialfor the effective management ofafirm' s resources, but each perspective-independent of the otherfails to acknowledge the interreliance of business processes and the information systems that support them. This research develops a theoretical basis for this gap based on structural learning theory's definition of directive rule types: problem definition rules and solution rules. Structural learning theory is used to illustrate how these perspectives can be bridged. Based on the resulting model, the paper discusses the knowledge, skills and abilities that information systems professionals must have to enable bridging the gap.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"16-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70478030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organizational memory information systems have recently received considerable attention in information systems development. As yet little research has been reported on the methodology used for the analysis and design of organizational memory information systems. This paper describes an object-oriented method for modeling organizationalmemory information systems. Six concepts that support organizational memory information systems are discussed. They are: document, episode, cognizance, goal, mnemonic instrument, and integration. These concepts are harmonized into a unified object-oriented paradigm. The proposed modeling method extends the traditional information systems analysis into the context of organizational memory information systems. It is usefulforthe development of organizational memory information systems for organizational learning, surveillance, and decision making in general.
{"title":"Organizational Memory Information Systems: A Domain Analysis in the Object-Oriented Paradigm","authors":"Shouhong Wang","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1999040103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1999040103","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational memory information systems have recently received considerable attention in information systems development. As yet little research has been reported on the methodology used for the analysis and design of organizational memory information systems. This paper describes an object-oriented method for modeling organizationalmemory information systems. Six concepts that support organizational memory information systems are discussed. They are: document, episode, cognizance, goal, mnemonic instrument, and integration. These concepts are harmonized into a unified object-oriented paradigm. The proposed modeling method extends the traditional information systems analysis into the context of organizational memory information systems. It is usefulforthe development of organizational memory information systems for organizational learning, surveillance, and decision making in general.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"71 1","pages":"26-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70478075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTERVIEWEE PROFILE: An interview with the Funagain Games management team, who planned, designed, and implemented a commercial Website.
访谈对象:Funagain Games的管理团队，他们计划、设计并执行了一个商业网站。
{"title":"The Expert's Opinion","authors":"Kenneth E. Kendall","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1999040104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1999040104","url":null,"abstract":"INTERVIEWEE PROFILE: An interview with the Funagain Games management team, who planned, designed, and implemented a commercial Website.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"36-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70477737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Questions of IS's status as an academic discipline have been debated within and outside the IS community since the inception of the field. Strangely, members of the IS community find ourselves asking those same questions as did our peers some 25 years ago. The community has answered critical questions relating to reference disciplines, dependent variables, and the building of a cumulative tradition. Yet we are still grappling with such issues as our status in relation to and interaction with other disciplines, IS practice in the business environment, the role of IS in business school curricula-and in some cases the survival of IS departments-and a new issue, our place in the developing international business arena. This study surveyed over 1,000 business school deans and IS department heads in the United States and over 50 overseas countries to determine the current status of the IS discipline. The survey queried respondents concerning the status of IS curricula and research issues in their institutions. Analysis indicates that differences exist between academic methodology in North American and International institutions in both curriculum and philosophical approaches to degree requirements. Universally, IS scholars believed that the future of IS as an academic discipline is more certain than in the fie ld' s early years, although there is a wide range of opinions as to the optimum areas for academic exploration.
{"title":"The Current Status of the IS Discipline: A Survey of American and International Business Schools","authors":"S. J. Simon, S. M. Wang","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1999040101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1999040101","url":null,"abstract":"Questions of IS's status as an academic discipline have been debated within and outside the IS community since the inception of the field. Strangely, members of the IS community find ourselves asking those same questions as did our peers some 25 years ago. The community has answered critical questions relating to reference disciplines, dependent variables, and the building of a cumulative tradition. Yet we are still grappling with such issues as our status in relation to and interaction with other disciplines, IS practice in the business environment, the role of IS in business school curricula-and in some cases the survival of IS departments-and a new issue, our place in the developing international business arena. This study surveyed over 1,000 business school deans and IS department heads in the United States and over 50 overseas countries to determine the current status of the IS discipline. The survey queried respondents concerning the status of IS curricula and research issues in their institutions. Analysis indicates that differences exist between academic methodology in North American and International institutions in both curriculum and philosophical approaches to degree requirements. Universally, IS scholars believed that the future of IS as an academic discipline is more certain than in the fie ld' s early years, although there is a wide range of opinions as to the optimum areas for academic exploration.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"5-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70477993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reports on a survey of literature on the implementation of information technology IT, primarily in small businesses. The result of this survey is the identification of key factors that impact an IT implementation, with a special focus on the infusion stage. Infusion is the last stage of a suggested IT implementation model. This stage, representing IT implementation success, is important because studies show that increasing the depth and breadth of IT penetration into a small business should lead to increased efficiency and effectiveness. From this literature review, we develop a conceptual model showing how the infusion stage is evaluated using a stepwise scheme of analysis. The model is an extension of the Ein-Dor and Segev model originally used to evaluate management information systems and later, end-user computing.
{"title":"Achieving IT Infusion: A Conceptual Model for Small Businesses","authors":"D. Dologite, Elaine R. Winston","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1999010103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1999010103","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on a survey of literature on the implementation of information technology IT, primarily in small businesses. The result of this survey is the identification of key factors that impact an IT implementation, with a special focus on the infusion stage. Infusion is the last stage of a suggested IT implementation model. This stage, representing IT implementation success, is important because studies show that increasing the depth and breadth of IT penetration into a small business should lead to increased efficiency and effectiveness. From this literature review, we develop a conceptual model showing how the infusion stage is evaluated using a stepwise scheme of analysis. The model is an extension of the Ein-Dor and Segev model originally used to evaluate management information systems and later, end-user computing.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"26-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70477847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"In most business organizations today, when groups of executives meet, they gather in a room that is little different from the one in which their predecessors met a hundred or more years ago. Technology is evident only in the electric light, the air conditioning, and perhaps a telephone. The information available during the deliberations is a few memoranda or a notebook of financial and other reports. They may receive verbal briefings made with the aid of charts or slides. However, as discussion proceeds around the table and various alternatives are considered, the decision makers have to rely principally on what is in their heads and what has been told them." Gray et al. 1981 in one of the early papers on GSS/ GDSS research. After more than a decade of advances in GSS research the above description is still accurate in most companies. If relevancy strictly means having a significant impact on the business world then GSS research appears to have had minimal impact. In this paper we try to understand the reasons for the low impact, point out areas of success, and look for directions for the future. Several of the points raised in this article are well known and some of our recommendations are already being implemented independently by many researchers. The contribution of this article is in presenting a comprehensive and formal discussion of the "state of the GSS field" based on an analysis of IS research on GSS. Our goal is to motivate constructive forward-looking debate on this important topic. To promote such debate we have prepared a working paper on a web site to allow readers to further explore our GSS literature database see Appendix A.
“在今天的大多数商业组织中，当高管们开会时，他们聚集的房间与100多年前他们的前辈们开会的房间几乎没有什么不同。科技只在电灯、空调，也许还有电话中体现出来。审议期间可获得的资料是一些备忘录或财务报告和其他报告的笔记本。他们可以接受借助图表或幻灯片所作的口头简报。然而，随着讨论的进行和各种备选方案的考虑，决策者不得不主要依靠他们头脑中的想法和别人告诉他们的东西。”Gray et al. 1981，在GSS/ GDSS研究的早期论文之一。在GSS研究取得了十多年的进展之后，上述描述在大多数公司仍然是准确的。如果相关性严格地意味着对商业世界产生重大影响，那么GSS研究的影响似乎微乎其微。在本文中，我们试图了解低影响的原因，指出成功的领域，并寻找未来的方向。本文中提出的一些观点是众所周知的，我们的一些建议已经被许多研究人员独立地实施。本文的贡献是在分析is对GSS的研究的基础上，对“GSS领域的现状”进行了全面而正式的讨论。我们的目标是推动就这一重要议题进行建设性的前瞻性辩论。为了促进这样的辩论，我们在一个网站上准备了一份工作文件，让读者进一步探索我们的GSS文献数据库(见附录a)。
{"title":"Is IS Research on GSS Relevant","authors":"Munir Mandviwalla, P. Gray","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1998010104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1998010104","url":null,"abstract":"\"In most business organizations today, when groups of executives meet, they gather in a room that is little different from the one in which their predecessors met a hundred or more years ago. Technology is evident only in the electric light, the air conditioning, and perhaps a telephone. The information available during the deliberations is a few memoranda or a notebook of financial and other reports. They may receive verbal briefings made with the aid of charts or slides. However, as discussion proceeds around the table and various alternatives are considered, the decision makers have to rely principally on what is in their heads and what has been told them.\" Gray et al. 1981 in one of the early papers on GSS/ GDSS research. After more than a decade of advances in GSS research the above description is still accurate in most companies. If relevancy strictly means having a significant impact on the business world then GSS research appears to have had minimal impact. In this paper we try to understand the reasons for the low impact, point out areas of success, and look for directions for the future. Several of the points raised in this article are well known and some of our recommendations are already being implemented independently by many researchers. The contribution of this article is in presenting a comprehensive and formal discussion of the \"state of the GSS field\" based on an analysis of IS research on GSS. Our goal is to motivate constructive forward-looking debate on this important topic. To promote such debate we have prepared a working paper on a web site to allow readers to further explore our GSS literature database see Appendix A.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"29-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70477422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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