The proliferation of telecommunication networks, like Internet and Bitnet, has promoted electronic mail e-mail into a viable business communication tool with widespread use that traverses all levels of management. In some organizations, e-mail users are being overwhelmed with a barrage of useless messages or "electronic junk" mail. This interferes with a user's information processing capability and causes a negative effect on usefulness of this communication tool. This paper addresses the issue of time management by reducing information overload in email. A knowledge-based agent, called AIMS, was developed to prioritize e-mail messages. AIMS is different from other systems in three ways: 1 it does not burden users with the task of creating or maintaining message prioritizing rules, 2 it uses a user's personal knowledge or preferences with organizational considerations for prioritizing messages, and 3 it was evaluated at an academic institution with a group of 46 e-mail users who found the prioritized list generated by AIMS highly accurate.
{"title":"An Intelligent Agent for Prioritizing E-Mail Messages","authors":"L. Motiwalla","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1995040102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1995040102","url":null,"abstract":"The proliferation of telecommunication networks, like Internet and Bitnet, has promoted electronic mail e-mail into a viable business communication tool with widespread use that traverses all levels of management. In some organizations, e-mail users are being overwhelmed with a barrage of useless messages or \"electronic junk\" mail. This interferes with a user's information processing capability and causes a negative effect on usefulness of this communication tool. This paper addresses the issue of time management by reducing information overload in email. A knowledge-based agent, called AIMS, was developed to prioritize e-mail messages. AIMS is different from other systems in three ways: 1 it does not burden users with the task of creating or maintaining message prioritizing rules, 2 it uses a user's personal knowledge or preferences with organizational considerations for prioritizing messages, and 3 it was evaluated at an academic institution with a group of 46 e-mail users who found the prioritized list generated by AIMS highly accurate.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"16-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70476181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keynote address to the 1994 Information Resources Management Association International Conference in San Antonio, Texas by Cloene Goldsborough Sprint Corporation
{"title":"The Expert's Opinion","authors":"C. Goldsborough","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1995040104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1995040104","url":null,"abstract":"Keynote address to the 1994 Information Resources Management Association International Conference in San Antonio, Texas by Cloene Goldsborough Sprint Corporation","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"187 1","pages":"32-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70476300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Lyytinen, P. Marttiin, M. Rossi, K. Smolander, Veli-Pekka Tahvanainen, Juha-Pekka Tolvanen
In this paper we discuss some requirements for future CASE Computer Aided Software/Systems Engineering environments. These requirements include increased modifiability and flexibility as well as support for process and agent models. We claim that they can only be addressed by developing more powerful representation and modeling techniques. As a possible basis for modeling various techniques, we outline a general information architecture for a future CASE environment. In addition, we propose primitive types for specifying techniques, the development process, and agent models, and use these types for modeling an example methodology and examine how the requirements are or can be supported in our example.
{"title":"Modeling Requirements for Future CASE: Modeling Issues and Architectural Consideration","authors":"K. Lyytinen, P. Marttiin, M. Rossi, K. Smolander, Veli-Pekka Tahvanainen, Juha-Pekka Tolvanen","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1995010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1995010102","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we discuss some requirements for future CASE Computer Aided Software/Systems Engineering environments. These requirements include increased modifiability and flexibility as well as support for process and agent models. We claim that they can only be addressed by developing more powerful representation and modeling techniques. As a possible basis for modeling various techniques, we outline a general information architecture for a future CASE environment. In addition, we propose primitive types for specifying techniques, the development process, and agent models, and use these types for modeling an example methodology and examine how the requirements are or can be supported in our example.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"15-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70475797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information technology has enabled substantial automation of manufacturing functions by way of computer integrated manufacturing and flexible manufacturing systems. These systems offer many benefits but also require substantial long term capital investment. Traditional cost accounting and capital budgeting techniques fail to fully justify installation of these systems. A substantial quantity of literature in this field is reviewed to come up with the existing state of affairs in manufacturing automation and economic justification of flexible manufacturing systems. Economic justification of flexible manufacturing systems on broader basis than provided by traditional methods appears to be not only desirable but also imperative for manufacturing firms going in for them. Based on literature review, some guidelines have been culled for managers to enable them to invest in these systems on a more rational basis and with more confidence. A bibliography of articles and research papers provides further references and readings to practitioners in this area.
{"title":"Issues in Economic Justification for Flexible Manufacturing Systems and Some Guidelines for Managers","authors":"S. Pant, L. Ruff","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1995010103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1995010103","url":null,"abstract":"Information technology has enabled substantial automation of manufacturing functions by way of computer integrated manufacturing and flexible manufacturing systems. These systems offer many benefits but also require substantial long term capital investment. Traditional cost accounting and capital budgeting techniques fail to fully justify installation of these systems. A substantial quantity of literature in this field is reviewed to come up with the existing state of affairs in manufacturing automation and economic justification of flexible manufacturing systems. Economic justification of flexible manufacturing systems on broader basis than provided by traditional methods appears to be not only desirable but also imperative for manufacturing firms going in for them. Based on literature review, some guidelines have been culled for managers to enable them to invest in these systems on a more rational basis and with more confidence. A bibliography of articles and research papers provides further references and readings to practitioners in this area.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"26-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70476380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Outsourcing is one of the most widely discussed topics in information systems today. Yet, in spite of a number of articles describing the experiences of individual firms, little is known about outsourcing in general. To address this, a survey was mailed to the CIO or equivalent of the 500 largest industrial firms in the United States. The results from the 110 responses received indicate the extent and effects of outsourcing among users of such services. The survey also collected data about the outsourcing plans of nonusers. The survey provided information about the planning and implementation issues encountered, benefits achieved, and impact on performance. This study is a benchmark of current outsourcing practice. In addition, this study tests some commonly accepted assumptions about the reasons for outsourcing, and the effects of outsourcing on the firm
{"title":"Information Systems Outsourcing by Large American Industrial Firms: Choices and Impacts","authors":"J. Collins, Robert Millen","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1995010101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1995010101","url":null,"abstract":"Outsourcing is one of the most widely discussed topics in information systems today. Yet, in spite of a number of articles describing the experiences of individual firms, little is known about outsourcing in general. To address this, a survey was mailed to the CIO or equivalent of the 500 largest industrial firms in the United States. The results from the 110 responses received indicate the extent and effects of outsourcing among users of such services. The survey also collected data about the outsourcing plans of nonusers. The survey provided information about the planning and implementation issues encountered, benefits achieved, and impact on performance. This study is a benchmark of current outsourcing practice. In addition, this study tests some commonly accepted assumptions about the reasons for outsourcing, and the effects of outsourcing on the firm","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"5-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70475679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Local area networks LANs fill organizations' need to efficiently and quickly transfer information within their boundaries. There are a variety of factors firms consider when adopting LANs such as characteristics of the LAN e.g., operating speed and cost of operation, ease of installation, and vendor provided support during and after the LAN installation. Not all firms adopt LANs for the same reasons, thus the importance placed on these dimensions varies from firm to firm. This study examines the relationship between the importance placed on dimensions of the adoption process and organizational characteristics such as size, degree of centralization, complexity, and information systems maturity. Results indicate that the extent of information systems maturity in a firm has the most influence on the priority placed on various adoption dimensions. For example, more mature firms place a greater priority on tangible LAN characteristics than do less mature firms. Findings provide a framework in which to begin to understand the organizational nature of the LAN adoption decision.
{"title":"Local Area Network Adoption: An Empirical Assessment","authors":"Mary C. Jones, K. Arnett, R. W. Ellis","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1994100102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1994100102","url":null,"abstract":"Local area networks LANs fill organizations' need to efficiently and quickly transfer information within their boundaries. There are a variety of factors firms consider when adopting LANs such as characteristics of the LAN e.g., operating speed and cost of operation, ease of installation, and vendor provided support during and after the LAN installation. Not all firms adopt LANs for the same reasons, thus the importance placed on these dimensions varies from firm to firm. This study examines the relationship between the importance placed on dimensions of the adoption process and organizational characteristics such as size, degree of centralization, complexity, and information systems maturity. Results indicate that the extent of information systems maturity in a firm has the most influence on the priority placed on various adoption dimensions. For example, more mature firms place a greater priority on tangible LAN characteristics than do less mature firms. Findings provide a framework in which to begin to understand the organizational nature of the LAN adoption decision.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"20-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1994-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70475914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noting considerable alienation or dissatisfaction on the part of computer users, MIS literature has looked at a variety of social science techniques, including consumer satisfaction theory, for solutions to these problems. The dominant model of consumer satisfaction and dissatisfaction has been based on the disconfirmation of expectations paradigm. However, a critique of the disconfirmation of expectations model shows that using predictive expectation as a comparison standard reveals a number of conceptual and empirical problems. To overcome these problems, this paper suggests desired expectations as an alternative comparison standard. This paper proposes a desired expectations model of end-user computing EUC success that describes that the success of EUC be determined by the discrepancy between end-user desires and actual performance of information systems. Analysis of data from 150 end-users in Korean business firms shows that attitudinal measures of EUC success i.e., overall user satisfaction and perceived usefulness were significantly influenced by the level of discrepancy. This empirical result supports the assumption that the success of EUC depends on how end-users perceive the actual performance of information systems in the context of what they want
{"title":"End-User's Disconfirmed Expectations and the Success of Information Systems","authors":"Jinjoo Lee, Sang-Hoon Kim, Kunsoo Suh","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1994100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1994100103","url":null,"abstract":"Noting considerable alienation or dissatisfaction on the part of computer users, MIS literature has looked at a variety of social science techniques, including consumer satisfaction theory, for solutions to these problems. The dominant model of consumer satisfaction and dissatisfaction has been based on the disconfirmation of expectations paradigm. However, a critique of the disconfirmation of expectations model shows that using predictive expectation as a comparison standard reveals a number of conceptual and empirical problems. To overcome these problems, this paper suggests desired expectations as an alternative comparison standard. This paper proposes a desired expectations model of end-user computing EUC success that describes that the success of EUC be determined by the discrepancy between end-user desires and actual performance of information systems. Analysis of data from 150 end-users in Korean business firms shows that attitudinal measures of EUC success i.e., overall user satisfaction and perceived usefulness were significantly influenced by the level of discrepancy. This empirical result supports the assumption that the success of EUC depends on how end-users perceive the actual performance of information systems in the context of what they want","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"30-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1994-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70475956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The successful adoption of a strategic information system SIS is shown to hinge upon a favorable decision to develop a SIS and on a favorable decision to use the developed SIS. A model is exhibited that integrates the factors that lie behind these two separable but linked decisions, and the model receives preliminary explication. The model organizes concisely much of the relevant research literature. Two case studies, one of a successful adoption decision and one for which a SIS has not been well received by the marketplace, provide an initial corroboration of the model.
{"title":"Modeling the Development and Use of Strategic Information Systems","authors":"F. D. Tuggle, H. Napier","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1994100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1994100101","url":null,"abstract":"The successful adoption of a strategic information system SIS is shown to hinge upon a favorable decision to develop a SIS and on a favorable decision to use the developed SIS. A model is exhibited that integrates the factors that lie behind these two separable but linked decisions, and the model receives preliminary explication. The model organizes concisely much of the relevant research literature. Two case studies, one of a successful adoption decision and one for which a SIS has not been well received by the marketplace, provide an initial corroboration of the model.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1994-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70475771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores user participation in the systems development process and examines this variable in relation to the type of system under development. Prior user participation research has not shown conclusive support for its impact on system success. Ives and Olson 1984 have suggested that much of the prior research on user involvement/participation has not been strongly grounded in theory. Using Simon's 1965 model of decision-making together with Zmud's 1983 typology of systems, it is hypothesized that user participation's impact on perceived usefulness should be greater for the more unstructured non-programmed decision-based systems than for transaction processing systems. This paper thus tests for moderating influences by system type. This study provides evidence that system type or problem type is an important moderating variable between user participation and perceived usefulness.
{"title":"User Participation, Management Support and System Types","authors":"E. Garrity","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1994070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1994070103","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores user participation in the systems development process and examines this variable in relation to the type of system under development. Prior user participation research has not shown conclusive support for its impact on system success. Ives and Olson 1984 have suggested that much of the prior research on user involvement/participation has not been strongly grounded in theory. Using Simon's 1965 model of decision-making together with Zmud's 1983 typology of systems, it is hypothesized that user participation's impact on perceived usefulness should be greater for the more unstructured non-programmed decision-based systems than for transaction processing systems. This paper thus tests for moderating influences by system type. This study provides evidence that system type or problem type is an important moderating variable between user participation and perceived usefulness.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1994-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70475690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research presents a theoretical model linking computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy in a positive fashion to end-user perceptions of satisfaction with an information system. Further, the model proposes that the antecedents of management support, ease of system use, and end-user previous computer experience all have similar positive, meaningful impacts on both computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy. The theoretical model is tested using 384 responses from hospital staff members of a large, nonprofit hospital in the southeastern United States. The empirical technique used is structural equations with latent variables. The results of the analysis verify the model and indicate that it provides a reasonable representation of end-user satisfaction with an information system. Specifically, the empirical results show that management support, ease of system use, and end-user previous computer experience all have significant, positive impacts on both computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy. Computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy are shown to have significant and positive influences on end-user system satisfaction. From these results, managerial implications and future directions for research are discussed.
{"title":"A Structural Equation Model Of End-User Satisfaction With A Computer-Based Medical Information System","authors":"J. W. Henry, R. W. Stone","doi":"10.4018/IRMJ.1994070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IRMJ.1994070102","url":null,"abstract":"The research presents a theoretical model linking computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy in a positive fashion to end-user perceptions of satisfaction with an information system. Further, the model proposes that the antecedents of management support, ease of system use, and end-user previous computer experience all have similar positive, meaningful impacts on both computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy. The theoretical model is tested using 384 responses from hospital staff members of a large, nonprofit hospital in the southeastern United States. The empirical technique used is structural equations with latent variables. The results of the analysis verify the model and indicate that it provides a reasonable representation of end-user satisfaction with an information system. Specifically, the empirical results show that management support, ease of system use, and end-user previous computer experience all have significant, positive impacts on both computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy. Computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy are shown to have significant and positive influences on end-user system satisfaction. From these results, managerial implications and future directions for research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":44735,"journal":{"name":"Information Resources Management Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"21-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1994-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70475650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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