Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.29212/mh.2018..108.413
Youngi-Gi Noe
{"title":"Unfail deathes, revealed the truth","authors":"Youngi-Gi Noe","doi":"10.29212/mh.2018..108.413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29212/mh.2018..108.413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82170349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.29212/mh.2018..108.83
Kim, Kyung-Min
{"title":"The Limits of Protecting Cultural Properties of the US in Armed Conflict through the Iraq War and Imperialism","authors":"Kim, Kyung-Min","doi":"10.29212/mh.2018..108.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29212/mh.2018..108.83","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83622179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-28DOI: 10.1093/OBO/9780199791279-0181
Jason C. Engle
The Austro-Hungarian armed forces were bookended by devastating military defeats. Born from the Austrian Empire’s defeat in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, it passed in 1918 with the Central Powers’ defeat in the Great War, the only major conflict in which the Dual Monarchy’s armed forces participated. For this reason, the vast majority of scholarly literature on the Austro-Hungarian armed forces focuses on World War I and various facets of its operations and the experiences of its soldiers, sailors, and airmen. Institutional studies of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces have detailed the organizational, multiethnic, and political complexities which consistently hindered their ability to keep pace with Europe’s other “Great Powers.” Campaign studies reveal as much, offering a seemingly endless supply of military catastrophes due to all manner of ineptitude and implacability: the indecisiveness of its leadership, “Schlamperei” (carelessness), ill-conceived and/or poorly executed military operations, ethnic antagonisms within, and poor relations between officers and their men (Offizierhass). These deficiencies, during World War I, forced their German ally to intervene on an ever-greater scale to keep the army reasonably functional and intact. In the process, it placed the Habsburg Monarchy in an increasingly subservient role. The more recent turn of literature toward the experiences of Austro-Hungarian soldiers in the field has revealed the very real consequences of the debacles of the Habsburg high command. No soldiers among Europe’s Great Powers suffered more than did those of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
{"title":"Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces","authors":"Jason C. Engle","doi":"10.1093/OBO/9780199791279-0181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OBO/9780199791279-0181","url":null,"abstract":"The Austro-Hungarian armed forces were bookended by devastating military defeats. Born from the Austrian Empire’s defeat in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, it passed in 1918 with the Central Powers’ defeat in the Great War, the only major conflict in which the Dual Monarchy’s armed forces participated. For this reason, the vast majority of scholarly literature on the Austro-Hungarian armed forces focuses on World War I and various facets of its operations and the experiences of its soldiers, sailors, and airmen. Institutional studies of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces have detailed the organizational, multiethnic, and political complexities which consistently hindered their ability to keep pace with Europe’s other “Great Powers.” Campaign studies reveal as much, offering a seemingly endless supply of military catastrophes due to all manner of ineptitude and implacability: the indecisiveness of its leadership, “Schlamperei” (carelessness), ill-conceived and/or poorly executed military operations, ethnic antagonisms within, and poor relations between officers and their men (Offizierhass). These deficiencies, during World War I, forced their German ally to intervene on an ever-greater scale to keep the army reasonably functional and intact. In the process, it placed the Habsburg Monarchy in an increasingly subservient role. The more recent turn of literature toward the experiences of Austro-Hungarian soldiers in the field has revealed the very real consequences of the debacles of the Habsburg high command. No soldiers among Europe’s Great Powers suffered more than did those of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89567981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.29212/mh.2018..107.53
신성재
{"title":"The Transitional History of the Korean Naval Officer’s Rank Insignia: Focused on Metal Grade Insignia","authors":"신성재","doi":"10.29212/mh.2018..107.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29212/mh.2018..107.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75318505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Protestant Activities and Spiritual War Power in an Army during the Korean War : Focused on Chaplains and Protestant Soldiers","authors":"Yun, Enseok","doi":"10.29212/mh.2018..107.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29212/mh.2018..107.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88221807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The images of Yi Sun-Sin reflected on the writings of a naval officer at the period of Meiji - Focusing on the writings of Ogasawara Naganari","authors":"김준배","doi":"10.29212/mh.2018..107.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29212/mh.2018..107.83","url":null,"abstract":"本論文はフランスの憲兵制度が明治期の日本へどのように受容されたか、その過程と意味を政府當局者らの 「努力」に焦点をあてて檢討することを目的とする。 1873年3月の 「陸軍省職制」の中に 「憲兵」という單語が初めて現れてから、實際關連の規定や法が確立しないままの狀態でフランス式憲兵の導入を模索していた痕跡が、明治初期の公文書の中に殘っていた。しかし、この時期はフランス軍事顧問團の指導の下、軍事制度の近代化を模索し、試行錯誤を繰り返していた狀況であったため、憲兵についてもその存在を認識はしていたが、その役割と必要性については把握できずにいた。 明治政府內でフランス憲兵制度の導入について議論がなされるのは警察制度整備を目的にヨ?ロッパに派遣されていた視察團の歸國が契機となった。特に視察團の一員であった司法官僚の井上毅が1874年６月にフランスの憲兵である 「ジャンダルムリ」の有用性と必要性を强調しながら、これを日本へ導入すべきと主張する建白書を提出したことで、政府內においても正式に憲兵に對する檢討が始まったと思われる。最終的に左院の拒否によってこの建白は採用されなかったが、陸軍省の要請で北海道という制限された範?內において試驗的に憲兵の運用が實施された。「屯田憲兵」のことである。正式に兵科の一つとして設置· 運用されたわけでもなく、臨時組織としてその職務權限も曖昧な存在であったため、しばらくの後廢止されることとなった。 井上は引き續き1877年1月、そして1879年11月にも政府にフランス式憲兵制度の導入を主張した。このよう憲兵設置を主導した井上の他にも政府內でそれに同調ㆍ協力した官僚が存在していた。フランス留學や視察の經驗を持つ渡正元、大山綱昌、佐和正、大山巖、そして國內では淸浦奎吾、お雇い外國人の法學者のボアソナ?ドや軍人のデユㆍブスケなどである。 彼らの努力と 「西南戰爭」の影響によって政府は積極的にフランス式憲兵制度の創設のため動き始めた。井上が陸軍ㆍ內務ㆍ司法3省の長官の連名で提出した最後の意見書は政府に受け入れられ、1880年4月井上が太政官法制部主事に就任したことを契機に淸浦、渡、佐和などと協力して政府內において憲兵條例の草案を作成することになった。1881年3月に制定された憲兵條例は、モデルとなったフランスの憲兵條例で憲兵を陸軍の一部として設置したことや、軍事ㆍ行政ㆍ司法警察という幅廣い警察權を持つため憲兵が陸軍ㆍ內務ㆍ司法ㆍ海軍および植民地長官に隷屬すると規定した主要な部分をそのまま借用したものであった。それは井上の意見書を受け?いだ內容でもあった。 フランスの憲兵制度を受容し、憲兵條例を制定した後もフランスを含む歐米各國の憲兵制度に關する硏究は續いた。これを通じて日本の實狀に合う憲兵制度として整備していくためであった。日本の憲兵制度は植民地ㆍ占領地においては軍事警察より 「治安維持」の職能が强調された形へと變容し、逆に國內においては軍事警察の職能が優先される形へと變容した。最終的には日本が軍中心の社會ㆍ政治?制へと移行したことにより、憲兵は國內においても 「治安維持」機構として力を惡用されるように變質して行った。本論文はその變容の要因を明らかにするための?口になりたい。","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84039833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.29212/mh.2018..107.147
Sangyeon Parkd
{"title":"Organizational Limits in Strategic Implementation: Revisiting the Cause of the Chinese Gunfire on Soviet Borderguards in Zhenbao Island","authors":"Sangyeon Parkd","doi":"10.29212/mh.2018..107.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29212/mh.2018..107.147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78443528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.29212/mh.2018..107.237
임상훈
{"title":"A New Perspective of Korea-China Military Relations","authors":"임상훈","doi":"10.29212/mh.2018..107.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29212/mh.2018..107.237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82929433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.29212/MH.2018..107.249
이동원
{"title":"A Study on the Korean War in the American and English academic circles","authors":"이동원","doi":"10.29212/MH.2018..107.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29212/MH.2018..107.249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74700784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.29212/mh.2018..107.111
Park, Jong-sang
{"title":"A Study on the Position of the Marine Corps Headquarters in Jeju Island","authors":"Park, Jong-sang","doi":"10.29212/mh.2018..107.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29212/mh.2018..107.111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44755,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87492547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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