The purpose of this study was to descriptively analyze music therapy employment data from 2013 to 2019, including years in the field, gender, age, ethnicity, hours worked, jobs created, number of new board-certified music therapists (MT-BCs), funding sources, and wages. A database was created to analyze descriptive data from the 2013–2019 American Music Therapy Association Workforce Analysis Surveys as well as data from the Certification Board for Music Therapists. Results indicate a large portion of music therapists (MTs) have been in the field for five years or less. Though the majority of MTs work full time, there is a high rate of part-time employment. An estimate of the total number of new full-time jobs represented a ratio of 57% of new MT-BCs during the period. Private pay was the most reported funding source for music therapy services. Music therapy wages tended to be higher for those with higher levels of education. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are provided.
{"title":"A Descriptive Analysis of Music Therapy Employment from 2013 to 2019","authors":"J. Oden","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miaa021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miaa021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this study was to descriptively analyze music therapy employment data from 2013 to 2019, including years in the field, gender, age, ethnicity, hours worked, jobs created, number of new board-certified music therapists (MT-BCs), funding sources, and wages. A database was created to analyze descriptive data from the 2013–2019 American Music Therapy Association Workforce Analysis Surveys as well as data from the Certification Board for Music Therapists. Results indicate a large portion of music therapists (MTs) have been in the field for five years or less. Though the majority of MTs work full time, there is a high rate of part-time employment. An estimate of the total number of new full-time jobs represented a ratio of 57% of new MT-BCs during the period. Private pay was the most reported funding source for music therapy services. Music therapy wages tended to be higher for those with higher levels of education. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are provided.","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miaa021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43023479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interprofessional education (IPE) occurs when students from two or more professions associated with health or social care engage in learning with, from, and about each other. IPE addresses four essential competencies that not only seek to prepare students for interprofessional practice, but also strive to improve the overall quality of healthcare delivery for patients and their families. This article describes the development of an IPE program that fully integrates music therapy students into program-wide and program-to-program IPE events. We identify core components of IPE, describe the development of program-wide and program-to-program events involving undergraduate and graduate music therapy students, and discuss the benefits and challenges encountered during program development. In doing so, we advocate for IPE as a core component of music therapy education and training.
{"title":"Integrating Music Therapy Students into Interprofessional Education: Academic Program Development","authors":"Anthony Meadows, Anne Schempp, B. Landless","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miz024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miz024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Interprofessional education (IPE) occurs when students from two or more professions associated with health or social care engage in learning with, from, and about each other. IPE addresses four essential competencies that not only seek to prepare students for interprofessional practice, but also strive to improve the overall quality of healthcare delivery for patients and their families. This article describes the development of an IPE program that fully integrates music therapy students into program-wide and program-to-program IPE events. We identify core components of IPE, describe the development of program-wide and program-to-program events involving undergraduate and graduate music therapy students, and discuss the benefits and challenges encountered during program development. In doing so, we advocate for IPE as a core component of music therapy education and training.","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":"135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miz024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45978305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abbey L. Dvorak, Julia L. Davis, Gabriella Bernard, Riley Beveridge-Calvin, Amalia Monroe-Gulick, P. Thomas, Corinne Forstot-Burke
Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) involve entire classes of students in addressing research questions or problems of interest to the scientific community. The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the available literature for CUREs and explore implications and best practices for inclusion in music therapy education and training. The research questions included: (a) What are the characteristics of course-based undergraduate research experiences (i.e., participants, grade level, course, field of study, course type, duration, terminology, study design)? (b) What are the outcomes of course-based research experiences and how are these outcomes measured? Searching ERIC, PubMed, and Web of Science, authors identified articles published between 2000–2017 meeting criteria. Of 5,809 articles, 54 met inclusion criteria: published quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods study; involved undergraduate students; and the intervention met the five dimensions of CURE models. The majority of CURE studies were implemented in one-semester required courses in the life sciences for a variety of student grade levels. CURE outcomes frequently included increased research knowledge, increased course content knowledge and skills, improved attitudes and beliefs, general perceptions of the learning experience, and improved course satisfaction. CURE measurement tools were varied, but several used a researcher-created posttest, standard university course evaluations, researcher-created pretests/posttests, or standardized research skill development surveys. The majority of studies indicated a positive student response to CURE implementation. Implications and recommendations for music therapy education and training are discussed.
基于课程的本科生研究经验（CURE）让全班学生参与解决科学界感兴趣的研究问题。本研究的目的是系统地检查CURE的现有文献，并探索纳入音乐治疗教育和培训的意义和最佳实践。研究问题包括：（a）基于课程的本科生研究经历的特征是什么（即参与者、年级水平、课程、研究领域、课程类型、持续时间、术语、研究设计）？（b） 基于课程的研究经验的结果是什么？这些结果是如何衡量的？通过检索ERIC、PubMed和Web of Science，作者确定了2000-2017年间发表的符合标准的文章。在5809篇文章中，54篇符合纳入标准：已发表的定量、定性或混合方法研究；涉及本科生；干预符合CURE模型的五个维度。大多数CURE研究都是在一个学期内为不同年级的学生开设的生命科学必修课。CURE的结果通常包括增加研究知识、增加课程内容知识和技能、改善态度和信念、对学习体验的总体看法以及提高课程满意度。CURE测量工具多种多样，但有几种使用了研究人员创建的后测、标准大学课程评估、研究人员创建前测/后测或标准化研究技能发展调查。大多数研究表明，学生对CURE的实施反应积极。讨论了对音乐治疗教育和培训的启示和建议。
{"title":"Systematic Review of Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences: Implications for Music Therapy Education","authors":"Abbey L. Dvorak, Julia L. Davis, Gabriella Bernard, Riley Beveridge-Calvin, Amalia Monroe-Gulick, P. Thomas, Corinne Forstot-Burke","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miz023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miz023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) involve entire classes of students in addressing research questions or problems of interest to the scientific community. The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the available literature for CUREs and explore implications and best practices for inclusion in music therapy education and training. The research questions included: (a) What are the characteristics of course-based undergraduate research experiences (i.e., participants, grade level, course, field of study, course type, duration, terminology, study design)? (b) What are the outcomes of course-based research experiences and how are these outcomes measured? Searching ERIC, PubMed, and Web of Science, authors identified articles published between 2000–2017 meeting criteria. Of 5,809 articles, 54 met inclusion criteria: published quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods study; involved undergraduate students; and the intervention met the five dimensions of CURE models. The majority of CURE studies were implemented in one-semester required courses in the life sciences for a variety of student grade levels. CURE outcomes frequently included increased research knowledge, increased course content knowledge and skills, improved attitudes and beliefs, general perceptions of the learning experience, and improved course satisfaction. CURE measurement tools were varied, but several used a researcher-created posttest, standard university course evaluations, researcher-created pretests/posttests, or standardized research skill development surveys. The majority of studies indicated a positive student response to CURE implementation. Implications and recommendations for music therapy education and training are discussed.","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":"126-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miz023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44379846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Black/African American adolescents from limited-resource communities face challenges and circumstances that are unique to their racialization and socioeconomic status; this merits community-engaged resources, such as community music therapy, that are equally unique in creating culturally responsive opportunities for limited-resource adolescents to engage socially with peers and experience meaningful success in a safe, supportive environment. The purpose of this study was to pilot and explore the feasibility of and behavioral processes in a community-based referential music-making intervention for limited-resource adolescents labeled as “at-risk.” The methods consisted of a concurrent nested (embedded) mixed methods design based on the principles of participatory actions research (PAR), during which qualitative data were collected during 8 focus group style music-making sessions. Quantitative data assessing self-efficacy were collected prior to first and following the 8th music-making session. The validity of quantitative results was challenged by the lowered reading level of participants and a high amount of mis-labeled (and thus unusable) data. Qualitative data suggest 3 themes, including creating community, artistic prioritization, and pride. All results were impacted by issues, such as inconsistent attendance and malfunctioning recording equipment. Nevertheless, participants expressed a collective desire to share their work with their community group. Discussion points are raised including how participants in this community music therapy-based approach were able to create and direct their own stories. The implementation of community music therapy approaches seems a valuable way to bring authentic representations of limited-resource adolescent participants into clinical practice.
{"title":"Community-Based Referential Music Making with Limited-Resource Adolescents: A Pilot Study","authors":"N. Thomas","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miaa016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miaa016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Black/African American adolescents from limited-resource communities face challenges and circumstances that are unique to their racialization and socioeconomic status; this merits community-engaged resources, such as community music therapy, that are equally unique in creating culturally responsive opportunities for limited-resource adolescents to engage socially with peers and experience meaningful success in a safe, supportive environment. The purpose of this study was to pilot and explore the feasibility of and behavioral processes in a community-based referential music-making intervention for limited-resource adolescents labeled as “at-risk.” The methods consisted of a concurrent nested (embedded) mixed methods design based on the principles of participatory actions research (PAR), during which qualitative data were collected during 8 focus group style music-making sessions. Quantitative data assessing self-efficacy were collected prior to first and following the 8th music-making session. The validity of quantitative results was challenged by the lowered reading level of participants and a high amount of mis-labeled (and thus unusable) data. Qualitative data suggest 3 themes, including creating community, artistic prioritization, and pride. All results were impacted by issues, such as inconsistent attendance and malfunctioning recording equipment. Nevertheless, participants expressed a collective desire to share their work with their community group. Discussion points are raised including how participants in this community music therapy-based approach were able to create and direct their own stories. The implementation of community music therapy approaches seems a valuable way to bring authentic representations of limited-resource adolescent participants into clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":"112-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miaa016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45581360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this qualitative content analysis was to explore the experiences and perceived benefits for older adult members who participated in an intergenerational rock band (IGRB) pairing older adults with college students. Participants (n = 29) were first-time older adult IGRB members who completed semi-structured interviews over the course of 5 years. Interviews were completed within 1 week of the conclusion of the semester-long participation in the IGRB. Each interview was digitally recorded, manually transcribed, and analyzed using an iterative approach to thematic analysis. Experiences and perceived benefits associated with participation in the IGRB for these older adults were encompassed by four themes: Staying Active, Wanting to Try Something New, Feeling Connected, and Seeking Positive Experiences. Findings indicate that an IGRB is an innovative, collaborative, and inclusive intergenerational music-making experience that leaves a multifaceted and overall positive impact on its older adult members. Themes suggest that older adults with musical backgrounds may enjoy an experience like an IGRB because it brings a level of familiarity coupled with the opportunity to try something new and different from their previous experiences with music. A key contribution of this study is the importance of promoting a judgment-free environment for singing that is inclusive of all ability levels. Developing a better understanding of older adults’ motivations for participating in an IGRB may help us to plan future music experiences for older adults and broaden our reach to the older adult community.
{"title":"“It’s My Time”: Older Adults’ Experiences and Perceived Benefits of Participation in an Intergenerational Rock Band","authors":"Nathalie Wlodarczyk","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miz021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miz021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this qualitative content analysis was to explore the experiences and perceived benefits for older adult members who participated in an intergenerational rock band (IGRB) pairing older adults with college students. Participants (n = 29) were first-time older adult IGRB members who completed semi-structured interviews over the course of 5 years. Interviews were completed within 1 week of the conclusion of the semester-long participation in the IGRB. Each interview was digitally recorded, manually transcribed, and analyzed using an iterative approach to thematic analysis. Experiences and perceived benefits associated with participation in the IGRB for these older adults were encompassed by four themes: Staying Active, Wanting to Try Something New, Feeling Connected, and Seeking Positive Experiences. Findings indicate that an IGRB is an innovative, collaborative, and inclusive intergenerational music-making experience that leaves a multifaceted and overall positive impact on its older adult members. Themes suggest that older adults with musical backgrounds may enjoy an experience like an IGRB because it brings a level of familiarity coupled with the opportunity to try something new and different from their previous experiences with music. A key contribution of this study is the importance of promoting a judgment-free environment for singing that is inclusive of all ability levels. Developing a better understanding of older adults’ motivations for participating in an IGRB may help us to plan future music experiences for older adults and broaden our reach to the older adult community.","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miz021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42536399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to determine which guitar skills beyond the American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) functional guitar skill competencies are important for prospective music therapy interns to perform during the medical and hospice music therapy interview process. Participants (n = 32) for this study were medical or hospice music therapy internship supervisors from AMTA approved and university-affiliated internship sites that were asked to rate eight advanced guitar skills on their importance during the internship interview process. Of the 64 internship directors to whom the survey was sent, 32 (50%) participants representing five of the seven AMTA regions responded. The majority of internship directors (94%) reported the guitar as the primary instrument for therapy at their facility. Results indicated that four of the eight advanced guitar skills in question were considered important for interns to perform during the interview process, suggesting students should learn these advanced skills before applying to a medical or hospice music therapy internship. These findings are consistent with previous research suggesting the use of advanced guitar skills to meet musical demands within contemporary music therapy practice.
摘要本研究旨在探讨美国音乐治疗协会(American Music Therapy Association, AMTA)功能吉他技能之外，哪些吉他技能对未来音乐治疗实习生在医疗和安宁疗护音乐治疗面试过程中表现更重要。本研究的参与者(n = 32)是来自AMTA认可和大学附属实习网站的医疗或临终关怀音乐治疗实习主管，他们被要求在实习面试过程中对八项高级吉他技能的重要性进行评分。在接受调查的64位实习主管中，32位(50%)参与者代表了七个AMTA地区中的五个地区做出了回应。大多数实习主任(94%)报告吉他是他们机构治疗的主要乐器。结果表明，在面试过程中，有8项高级吉他技能中有4项被认为对实习生的表现很重要，这表明学生在申请医疗或临终关怀音乐治疗实习之前应该学习这些高级技能。这些发现与先前的研究一致，即在当代音乐治疗实践中使用高级吉他技巧来满足音乐需求。
{"title":"Results of Medical and Hospice Music Therapy Internship Directors’ Views of Advanced Guitar Skills Needed for Interviews","authors":"A. Robertson","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miz022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miz022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this study was to determine which guitar skills beyond the American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) functional guitar skill competencies are important for prospective music therapy interns to perform during the medical and hospice music therapy interview process. Participants (n = 32) for this study were medical or hospice music therapy internship supervisors from AMTA approved and university-affiliated internship sites that were asked to rate eight advanced guitar skills on their importance during the internship interview process. Of the 64 internship directors to whom the survey was sent, 32 (50%) participants representing five of the seven AMTA regions responded. The majority of internship directors (94%) reported the guitar as the primary instrument for therapy at their facility. Results indicated that four of the eight advanced guitar skills in question were considered important for interns to perform during the interview process, suggesting students should learn these advanced skills before applying to a medical or hospice music therapy internship. These findings are consistent with previous research suggesting the use of advanced guitar skills to meet musical demands within contemporary music therapy practice.","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":"205-209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miz022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45913111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Focus on Social Justice","authors":"A. Webb, Sangeeta Swamy","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miaa013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miaa013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":"100-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miaa013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43141817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Higher education traditionally focuses on didactic, or passive, teaching and learning techniques as these are efficient ways of conveying information to the students. However, passive learning places the responsibility for students’ learning on the instructor rather than the students themselves. Constructive learning techniques, such as case-based learning (CBL), give students opportunities to apply previous knowledge while constructing their own deep learning. The purpose of this article is to describe both the implementation and evaluation of a CBL unit in a junior-level undergraduate music therapy theories and methods course. The cohort study utilized student reflection papers, faculty observations, class materials, and a student survey to evaluate the impact of a behavioral health-focused CBL unit on information literacy, critical thinking skills, and student enjoyment of learning. Students answered both Likert-type and open-ended questions on these topics. Open-ended questions were analyzed using a directed qualitative content analysis. Students felt that the CBL unit was effective in increasing their information literacy and critical thinking skills, and they enjoyed the unit. According to survey results, the CBL developed several measured areas of student critical thinking skills, with the exception of the students’ abilities to analyze their own biases. The CBL unit appeared to be an effective and efficient way of simultaneously covering multiple learning outcomes and music therapy competencies. However, students did not perceive any changes in their ability to analyze their own biases which, based on previous psychology and sociology research, takes more than one isolated learning unit to address. Implications for music therapy education are addressed.
{"title":"Using Case-Based Learning to Teach Information Literacy and Critical Thinking Skills in Undergraduate Music Therapy Education: A Cohort Study","authors":"Meganne K. Masko, Kelly Thormodson, K. Borysewicz","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miz025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miz025","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Higher education traditionally focuses on didactic, or passive, teaching and learning techniques as these are efficient ways of conveying information to the students. However, passive learning places the responsibility for students’ learning on the instructor rather than the students themselves. Constructive learning techniques, such as case-based learning (CBL), give students opportunities to apply previous knowledge while constructing their own deep learning. The purpose of this article is to describe both the implementation and evaluation of a CBL unit in a junior-level undergraduate music therapy theories and methods course. The cohort study utilized student reflection papers, faculty observations, class materials, and a student survey to evaluate the impact of a behavioral health-focused CBL unit on information literacy, critical thinking skills, and student enjoyment of learning. Students answered both Likert-type and open-ended questions on these topics. Open-ended questions were analyzed using a directed qualitative content analysis. Students felt that the CBL unit was effective in increasing their information literacy and critical thinking skills, and they enjoyed the unit. According to survey results, the CBL developed several measured areas of student critical thinking skills, with the exception of the students’ abilities to analyze their own biases. The CBL unit appeared to be an effective and efficient way of simultaneously covering multiple learning outcomes and music therapy competencies. However, students did not perceive any changes in their ability to analyze their own biases which, based on previous psychology and sociology research, takes more than one isolated learning unit to address. Implications for music therapy education are addressed.","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":"143-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miz025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47219423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the growing need for music therapy programming at military treatment facilities and clinics that specialize in the rehabilitation of service members, this article describes a music therapy group protocol and the findings of 201 post-session evaluations. In addition, we present clinical perspectives and recommendations from three music therapists who have facilitated this group protocol on four military bases across the United States. The group session outlined in the protocol is intended as an introduction to music therapy. It familiarizes service members to various music therapy experiences specifically structured to enhance feelings of safety during emotional risk-taking. In addition, the protocol functions as an initial assessment of service members’ responses to the various receptive and interactive music experiences and includes psychoeducation regarding the role of music therapy in an interdisciplinary treatment model. The post-session evaluation data suggest that service members endorsed this introductory group as moderately to very helpful. Perceived benefits included the opportunity to express various emotions and increased awareness of somatic responses through music. A large number of requests for continued music therapy services following the introductory session suggest that the protocol is successful in facilitating understanding in service members regarding the potential benefits of music therapy in interdisciplinary treatment. Feedback from the music therapists indicated that the group protocol is a helpful initial experience for service members to acclimate to music therapy and for music therapists to learn about their patients’ specific needs to inform subsequent treatment.
{"title":"Music Therapy with Active-Duty Service Members: Group Protocol Description and Secondary Analysis of Protocol Evaluations","authors":"Rebecca Vaudreuil, Jacelyn Biondo, J. Bradt","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miaa006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miaa006","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the growing need for music therapy programming at military treatment facilities and clinics that specialize in the rehabilitation of service members, this article describes a music therapy group protocol and the findings of 201 post-session evaluations. In addition, we present clinical perspectives and recommendations from three music therapists who have facilitated this group protocol on four military bases across the United States. The group session outlined in the protocol is intended as an introduction to music therapy. It familiarizes service members to various music therapy experiences specifically structured to enhance feelings of safety during emotional risk-taking. In addition, the protocol functions as an initial assessment of service members’ responses to the various receptive and interactive music experiences and includes psychoeducation regarding the role of music therapy in an interdisciplinary treatment model. The post-session evaluation data suggest that service members endorsed this introductory group as moderately to very helpful. Perceived benefits included the opportunity to express various emotions and increased awareness of somatic responses through music. A large number of requests for continued music therapy services following the introductory session suggest that the protocol is successful in facilitating understanding in service members regarding the potential benefits of music therapy in interdisciplinary treatment. Feedback from the music therapists indicated that the group protocol is a helpful initial experience for service members to acclimate to music therapy and for music therapists to learn about their patients’ specific needs to inform subsequent treatment.","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":"167-177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miaa006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46115308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parent-mediated interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have elicited emerging interest among music therapists. A conceptual framework (reported elsewhere) delineated the incorporation of music to an established parent coaching model (Parent-Early Start Denver Model [P-ESDM];). The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of adapting the P-ESDM to a music-based parent coaching model. An alternating treatments design with a parent–child dyad was implemented, with music and non-music conditions in each treatment session. Behavioral video analysis of parental verbal and non-verbal responsiveness, child joint attention and verbal behaviors, and parent and therapist adherence to treatment provided quantitative data. A semi-structured follow-up interview with a parent addressed concerns, preferences, and suggestions for improvement. Parental verbal responsiveness seemed lower during the music condition, but non-verbal responsiveness increased notably during the music condition. Parent adherence to treatment was achieved in the sixth session. Child receptive joint attention increased in the music condition only, and initiating joint attention was higher in most sessions during the music condition. Parental comfort with the music did not seem ideal with the brief time allotted to training despite familiarity with the music. Music-based parent coaching to enhance social communication of preschoolers with ASD seems feasible. This study provides initial support to a conceptual framework of parent coaching of music interventions. Further research should investigate other methods to teach the music, alternative session schedules, and more precise measures of parental responsiveness.
{"title":"Feasibility of Parent Coaching of Music Interventions for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Eugenia Hernandez-Ruiz","doi":"10.1093/mtp/miz016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miz016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Parent-mediated interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have elicited emerging interest among music therapists. A conceptual framework (reported elsewhere) delineated the incorporation of music to an established parent coaching model (Parent-Early Start Denver Model [P-ESDM];). The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of adapting the P-ESDM to a music-based parent coaching model. An alternating treatments design with a parent–child dyad was implemented, with music and non-music conditions in each treatment session. Behavioral video analysis of parental verbal and non-verbal responsiveness, child joint attention and verbal behaviors, and parent and therapist adherence to treatment provided quantitative data. A semi-structured follow-up interview with a parent addressed concerns, preferences, and suggestions for improvement. Parental verbal responsiveness seemed lower during the music condition, but non-verbal responsiveness increased notably during the music condition. Parent adherence to treatment was achieved in the sixth session. Child receptive joint attention increased in the music condition only, and initiating joint attention was higher in most sessions during the music condition. Parental comfort with the music did not seem ideal with the brief time allotted to training despite familiarity with the music. Music-based parent coaching to enhance social communication of preschoolers with ASD seems feasible. This study provides initial support to a conceptual framework of parent coaching of music interventions. Further research should investigate other methods to teach the music, alternative session schedules, and more precise measures of parental responsiveness.","PeriodicalId":44813,"journal":{"name":"Music Therapy Perspectives","volume":"38 1","pages":"195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/mtp/miz016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49456428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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