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Pathway of care of hepatocellular carcinoma in 2017. 2017 年肝细胞癌的护理路径。
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-10-01 Epub Date: 2017-06-21 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2017-0004
Federica Invernizzi, Massimo Colombo
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引用次数: 0
Dysregulated fatty acid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma. 肝细胞癌中脂肪酸代谢失调。
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-10-01 Epub Date: 2017-06-30 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2016-0012
Mingda Wang, Jun Han, Hao Xing, Han Zhang, Zhenli Li, Lei Liang, Chao Li, Shuyang Dai, Mengchao Wu, Feng Shen, Tian Yang

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent and deadly malignancies worldwide. Studies are urgently needed on its molecular pathogenesis and biological characteristics. Dysregulation of fatty acid (FA) metabolism, in which aberrant activation of oncogenic signaling pathways alters the expression and activity of lipid-metabolizing enzymes, is an emerging hallmark of cancer cells, and it may be involved in HCC development and progression. The current review summarizes what is known about dysregulated FA metabolism in HCC and pathways through which this dysregulation may regulate HCC survival and growth. Our understanding of dysregulated FA metabolism and associated signaling pathways may contribute to the development of novel and efficient antitumor approaches for patients with HCC.

肝细胞癌(HCC)是世界范围内最常见和最致命的恶性肿瘤之一。迫切需要对其分子发病机制和生物学特性进行研究。脂肪酸代谢失调,即致癌信号通路的异常激活改变脂质代谢酶的表达和活性,是癌细胞的一个新特征,它可能与HCC的发生和发展有关。目前的综述总结了HCC中FA代谢失调的已知情况,以及这种失调可能调节HCC生存和生长的途径。我们对FA代谢失调和相关信号通路的理解可能有助于开发新的有效的HCC患者抗肿瘤方法。
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引用次数: 49
Monitoring outcomes in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients following hepatic resection. 肝内胆管癌患者肝切除术后的监测结果。
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-10-01 Epub Date: 2017-01-20 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2016-0009
Amir A Rahnemai-Azar, Pallavi Pandey, Ihab Kamel, Timothy M Pawlik

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is one of the fatal gastrointestinal cancers with increasing incidence and mortality. Although surgery offers the only potential for cure in iCCA patients, the prognosis is not optimal with low overall survival rate and high disease recurrence. Hence, adjuvant therapy is generally recommended in the management of high-risk patients. Identifying factors associated with disease recurrence and survival of the iCCA patients after resection will improve understanding of disease prognosis and help in selecting patients who will benefit from surgical resection or stratifying them for clinical trials. Despite development of new methods for early detection of tumor recurrence, effective prognostic models and nomograms, and recent advances in management, significant challenges remain in improving the prognosis of iCCA patients.

肝内胆管癌(iCCA)是一种发病率和死亡率都在上升的致死性胃肠道肿瘤。虽然手术是治疗iCCA患者的唯一可能,但预后并不理想,总生存率低,疾病复发率高。因此,在高危患者的治疗中,一般推荐辅助治疗。确定与iCCA患者切除术后疾病复发和生存相关的因素将提高对疾病预后的认识,并有助于选择将从手术切除术中获益的患者或将其分层进行临床试验。尽管发展了早期发现肿瘤复发的新方法,有效的预后模型和形态图,以及最近的管理进展,但在改善iCCA患者的预后方面仍然存在重大挑战。
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引用次数: 14
Insights into the SIRFLOX study. SIRFLOX研究的见解。
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Epub Date: 2016-05-12 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2016-0006
Peter Gibbs

Peter Gibbs speaks to Laura Dormer, Editorial Director: Peter Gibbs is a medical oncologist at the Western and Royal Melbourne Western Hospitals (Australia), and a laboratory head at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute (Australia). He has a particular interest in translational research related to prognostic and predictive biomarkers for colorectal cancer. He is also heavily involved in clinical research, including being lead investigator of multiple international Phase III trials. He leads several national and international cancer registries, capturing comprehensive treatment and outcome data for patients treated in routine clinical care.

Peter Gibbs是Western和Royal Melbourne Western医院(澳大利亚)的医学肿瘤学家,也是Walter and Eliza Hall Institute(澳大利亚)的实验室主任。他对结直肠癌预后和预测性生物标志物的转化研究特别感兴趣。他还积极参与临床研究,包括担任多个国际III期试验的首席研究员。他领导了几个国家和国际癌症登记处,为在常规临床护理中接受治疗的患者获取综合治疗和结果数据。
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引用次数: 0
Hepatocellular carcinoma and immune therapy, from a clinical perspective; where are we? 从临床角度探讨肝细胞癌与免疫治疗我们在哪里?
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-19 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2016-0008
Susanna V Ulahannan, Austin G Duffy
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been reported to continue to increase in the past decades [1], however, we and other groups have found that this might be changing in the USA [2,3]. In our study – based on SEER data – there seemed to be a plateau in incidence rate around 2007, and that the rate of diagnosis in patients with smaller tumors (<5 cm) surpassed larger tumors around 2005. Despite these positive findings, less than 25% of patients received potentially curative treatment with liver transplantation, resection or ablation. In patients who are not candidates for curative treatments, options are limited to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for intermediate stage disease and, in the advanced disease setting, systemic therapy with sorafenib, the only US FDA-approved drug treatment [4,5]. Recently, a Phase III trial reported that regorafenib in the second-line setting improved overall survival by 2.8 months (10.6 vs 7.8 months) when compared with placebo (HR: 0.62; p < 0.02) [6]. This was the first positive trial in many years and we will await further details from this study. There have been several Phase II and III trials attempting to improve the limited treatment options in HCC but unfortunately these trials have been negative [7]. Other Phase III trials that are ongoing in second-line setting include cabozantinib (NCT01908426), MET inhibitor tivantinib (NCT01755767) and the VEGFR2 inhibitor ramucirumab (NCT02435433). Thus there is an urgent need to find alternative durable and well-tolerated t reatments in HCC. There are many indications in the literature suggesting that HCC should be amenable to immune therapy. HCC has been reported to a cancer type where spontaneous tumor regressions are seen [8], although this is likely due to diverse mechanisms including either immune responses or vascular
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引用次数: 2
Immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma. 肝细胞癌的免疫检查点抑制剂。
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Epub Date: 2016-06-27 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2016-0004
Christopher E Jensen, Arturo Loaiza-Bonilla, Paula A Bonilla-Reyes

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and advanced HCC generally caries a poor prognosis. The treatment of advanced disease is limited to sorafenib, which provides only a limited improvement in survival, and novel therapies are, thus, sorely needed. Among emerging alternative approaches, immune checkpoint inhibitors are a particularly promising treatment modality. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the mechanisms for the two primary targets of immune checkpoint inhibitors and discuss the relevance of these pathways to the immunology of HCC. We also review the state of ongoing and forthcoming trials of immune checkpoint blockade in HCC.

肝细胞癌(HCC)是全球癌症死亡的主要原因,晚期HCC通常预后较差。晚期疾病的治疗仅限于索拉非尼,它只能提供有限的生存改善,因此迫切需要新的治疗方法。在新兴的替代方法中,免疫检查点抑制剂是一种特别有前途的治疗方式。在这篇综述中,我们总结了目前对免疫检查点抑制剂的两个主要靶点的机制的了解,并讨论了这些途径与HCC免疫学的相关性。我们还回顾了正在进行和即将进行的肝细胞癌免疫检查点阻断试验的状态。
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引用次数: 47
Regorafenib and the RESORCE trial: a new second-line option for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Regorafenib和resce试验:肝细胞癌患者的新二线选择
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-19 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2016-0007
Jordi Bruix

Dr Jordi Bruix* speaks to Laura Dormer, Editorial Director: Dr Jordi Bruix is the Head of the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) group at the Hospital Clinic (University of Barcelona, Spain) and Director of the Network for Research in Liver and Digestive Disease (CIBEREHD) in the Spanish Research Institute. His research has changed the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Major highlights include: development of the BCLC staging and treatment; development of diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma; identification of the value of portal pressure in predicting prognosis after resection; and acting as principal investigator of the Phase III trials that have shown the benefits of chemoembolization, sorafenib and regorafenib for patients with liver cancer. He has authored the European Assoaciation for the Study of the Liver, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and World Gastroenterology Organization Practice Guidelines and the United Network for Organ Sharing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnostic criteria.

Jordi Bruix博士*与编辑主任Laura Dormer交谈:Jordi Bruix博士是西班牙巴塞罗那大学医院诊所巴塞罗那诊所肝癌(BCLC)小组的负责人,也是西班牙研究所肝脏和消化系统疾病研究网络(CIBEREHD)的主任。他的研究改变了肝癌的诊断和治疗。主要亮点包括:BCLC分期和治疗的发展;肝细胞癌诊断标准的发展门静脉压力在预测切除后预后中的价值并担任III期试验的首席研究员,该试验显示化疗栓塞、索拉非尼和瑞非尼对肝癌患者的益处。他撰写了欧洲肝脏研究协会,美国肝脏疾病研究协会和世界胃肠病组织实践指南以及器官共享肝细胞癌(HCC)诊断标准联合网络。
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引用次数: 1
RFA plus lyso-thermosensitive liposomal doxorubicin: in search of the optimal approach to cure intermediate-size hepatocellular carcinoma. RFA联合溶热敏脂质体阿霉素:寻找治疗中等大小肝细胞癌的最佳方法。
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Epub Date: 2016-06-10 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2016-0005
Riccardo Lencioni, Dania Cioni

When heated during a radiofrequency ablation (RFA) procedure to ≥40°C, lyso-thermosensitive liposomal doxorubicin (LTLD) produces high drug concentration in the surrounding margins of the ablation zone. The hypothesis that the RFA + LTLD combination can effectively treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was investigated in the HEAT study: adding LTLD did not improve the efficacy of normal practice RFA. However, among the 285 patients with a solitary lesion who received at least 45-min RFA dwell time, the hazard ratio for overall survival was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.41-0.96; p = 0.04). The OPTIMA study is currently ongoing to test the hypothesis that adding LTLD to a standardized RFA lasting ≥45 min increases survival compared with standardized RFA alone.

当射频消融(RFA)过程中加热到≥40°C时,溶热敏脂质体阿霉素(LTLD)在消融区周围边缘产生高药物浓度。HEAT研究探讨了RFA + LTLD联合治疗肝细胞癌(HCC)的假设:添加LTLD并没有提高常规RFA的疗效。然而,在接受至少45分钟RFA停留时间的285例孤立病变患者中,总生存的风险比为0.63 (95% CI: 0.41-0.96;P = 0.04)。OPTIMA研究目前正在进行,以验证与单独标准化RFA相比,在持续≥45分钟的标准化RFA中添加LTLD可提高生存率的假设。
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引用次数: 33
What are the options for hepatocellular carcinoma patients who progress under sorafenib? 在索拉非尼治疗下进展的肝细胞癌患者有哪些选择?
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-04-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-23 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2016-0003
Eunice Y-T Lau, Terence K-W Lee
Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong *Author for correspondence: Tel.: +852 3400 8799; Fax: +852 2364 9932; terence.kw.lee@polyu.edu.hk
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引用次数: 1
Advances in transarterial therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma: is novel technology leading to better outcomes? 肝细胞癌经动脉治疗的进展:新技术会带来更好的结果吗?
IF 5 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2016-04-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-23 DOI: 10.2217/hep-2015-0001
Thierry de Baere, Lambros Tselikas, Frederic Deschamps, Valerie Boige, Michel Ducreux, Antoine Hollebecque

Conventional transarterial chemoembolization (c-TACE) was validated in 2002 for intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent improvements in overall survival after c-TACE in HCC is linked to both better patient selection, and improvement in treatment technologies: catheter, image guidance and new drug delivery platforms. Drug eluting beads (DEBs) demonstrated a benefit over c-TACE in pharmacokinetic studies; however, two randomized studies comparing c-TACE and DEB-TACE demonstrated no benefit of DEB-TACE in response rate or overall survival. Delivery platforms loaded with yttrium-90 deliver selective internal radiation therapy, which opens a new field of therapy for HCC. Future improvement in intra-arterial therapies will include resorbable loadable embolic material, new emulsion used for c-TACE and platforms releasing multikinase inhibitors.

传统的经动脉化疗栓塞(c-TACE)在2002年被证实用于中期肝细胞癌(HCC)。最近HCC c-TACE术后总生存率的提高与更好的患者选择和治疗技术的改进有关:导管、图像引导和新的给药平台。药物洗脱珠(DEBs)在药代动力学研究中优于c-TACE;然而,两项比较c-TACE和DEB-TACE的随机研究显示,DEB-TACE在缓解率或总生存率方面没有任何益处。装载钇-90的输送平台可提供选择性内放射治疗,为HCC的治疗开辟了新的领域。动脉内治疗的未来改进将包括可吸收的可装载栓塞材料,用于c-TACE的新型乳剂和释放多激酶抑制剂的平台。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Hepatic Oncology
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