Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.206
H. A. Haddad
Background: Childhood and adolescence are times of growth and development, regardless of a child’s ethnicity, heritage, or circumstances. Cognitive, emotional, and social developments facilitate the development of a psychosocial identity. Until recently, models of identity development have not taken into account the impact that culture can have on a child. Psychologists must begin to consider the impact that culture, environment, and family have on youths’ development of identity. This is especially true for the study of ethnic identity development. Furthermore, studies on ethnic identity should focus on particular ethnic groups, issues of social class, and issues related to the social environment (whether one’s region is peaceful or war torn), as developmental trajectories and conceptual models may vary depending on all these factors. The goal of this research was to address the gaps in the literature on ethnic identity development in Palestinian youth.
{"title":"An Exploration of Ethnic and National Identity Development in Palestinian Youth in the West Bank","authors":"H. A. Haddad","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.206","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Childhood and adolescence are times of growth and development, regardless of a child’s ethnicity, heritage, or circumstances. Cognitive, emotional, and social developments facilitate the development of a psychosocial identity. Until recently, models of identity development have not taken into account the impact that culture can have on a child. Psychologists must begin to consider the impact that culture, environment, and family have on youths’ development of identity. This is especially true for the study of ethnic identity development. Furthermore, studies on ethnic identity should focus on particular ethnic groups, issues of social class, and issues related to the social environment (whether one’s region is peaceful or war torn), as developmental trajectories and conceptual models may vary depending on all these factors. The goal of this research was to address the gaps in the literature on ethnic identity development in Palestinian youth.","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70388679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.204
Rabia Dasti, Aisha Sitwat
{"title":"Development of a Multidimensional Measure of Islamic Spirituality (MMIS)","authors":"Rabia Dasti, Aisha Sitwat","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70388548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.202
Anisa N. Goforth, Evelyn R. Oka, Frederick T. L. Leong, Daniel J. Denis
Whether born in the United States or being immigrants, Arab American youth may experience challenges related to maintaining their heritage culture’s traditions and values and the degree to which they participate in mainstream American tra4 Anisa Goforth, Evelyn Oka, Frederick Leong, and Daniel Denis ditions. The goals of this research study were to see how acculturation, acculturative stress, and religiosity were associated with psychological adjustment among Muslim Arab American adolescents. One hundred twentyeight Arab American adolescents (ages 11–21) completed measures of demographic characteristics, acculturation, acculturative stress, religiosity, and social desirability. Age, gender, religiosity, and length of time in the U.S. were found to significantly predict heritage cultural orientation but not mainstream cultural orientation. Moreover, acculturation and acculturative stress significantly predicted psychological problems but not overall competence. The implications of the study address how practitioners may consider religion, acculturation, and related stressors when working with Muslim Arab American adolescents.
{"title":"Acculturation, Acculturative Stress, Religiosity and Psychological Adjustment among Muslim Arab American Adolescents","authors":"Anisa N. Goforth, Evelyn R. Oka, Frederick T. L. Leong, Daniel J. Denis","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.202","url":null,"abstract":"Whether born in the United States or being immigrants, Arab American youth may experience challenges related to maintaining their heritage culture’s traditions and values and the degree to which they participate in mainstream American tra4 Anisa Goforth, Evelyn Oka, Frederick Leong, and Daniel Denis ditions. The goals of this research study were to see how acculturation, acculturative stress, and religiosity were associated with psychological adjustment among Muslim Arab American adolescents. One hundred twentyeight Arab American adolescents (ages 11–21) completed measures of demographic characteristics, acculturation, acculturative stress, religiosity, and social desirability. Age, gender, religiosity, and length of time in the U.S. were found to significantly predict heritage cultural orientation but not mainstream cultural orientation. Moreover, acculturation and acculturative stress significantly predicted psychological problems but not overall competence. The implications of the study address how practitioners may consider religion, acculturation, and related stressors when working with Muslim Arab American adolescents.","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70388415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.205
H. Ali, C. Arfken
Background: Traditionally used in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and North Africa, the waterpipe has garnered popularity among adolescents and young adults worldwide. A common theme is that the countries with the highest percentage of waterpipe smoking are predominantly Muslim, despite Islamic ruling on tobacco, suggesting a cultural basis. A pilot study conducted by AbuRas et al. among American Muslims reported that religiosity and cultural practice were not leading factors for waterpipe smoking. Larger populationbased data on prevalence and risk factors for waterpipe smoking among American Muslims are needed. The purpose of this study was to review the current medical literature for the prevalence between waterpipe smoking and African American Muslims.
{"title":"Waterpipe Smoking among African American Muslims","authors":"H. Ali, C. Arfken","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.205","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Traditionally used in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and North Africa, the waterpipe has garnered popularity among adolescents and young adults worldwide. A common theme is that the countries with the highest percentage of waterpipe smoking are predominantly Muslim, despite Islamic ruling on tobacco, suggesting a cultural basis. A pilot study conducted by AbuRas et al. among American Muslims reported that religiosity and cultural practice were not leading factors for waterpipe smoking. Larger populationbased data on prevalence and risk factors for waterpipe smoking among American Muslims are needed. The purpose of this study was to review the current medical literature for the prevalence between waterpipe smoking and African American Muslims.","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70388615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.207
Halim Khidher Naeem
Background There is a dearth of literature on Black Sunni Muslims in the field of psychology. More so, there is no literature specifically analyzing the influences upon Black religiosity. The literature has established that personality has significant influence upon religiosity (McCullough, M. E., Tsang, J., & Brion, S., 2003; Hills, P. R., Francis, L. J., & Jennings, P., 2006; Farias, M., Claridge, G., & Lalljee, M., 2005). The literature also says that females are more religious than their male counterparts (Jang, S.J. & Johnson, B.R. 2005;Ahrold, T.K & Meston, C.M 2010; Collett, J.L & Lizardo, O. 2009). The present study analyzed the influence of personality, gender and social class upon religiosity for Black Sunni Muslims.
{"title":"Personality and Religiosity: The Influence of Normative Personality on Black Sunni Muslims' Religious Attitudes and Practices","authors":"Halim Khidher Naeem","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.207","url":null,"abstract":"Background There is a dearth of literature on Black Sunni Muslims in the field of psychology. More so, there is no literature specifically analyzing the influences upon Black religiosity. The literature has established that personality has significant influence upon religiosity (McCullough, M. E., Tsang, J., & Brion, S., 2003; Hills, P. R., Francis, L. J., & Jennings, P., 2006; Farias, M., Claridge, G., & Lalljee, M., 2005). The literature also says that females are more religious than their male counterparts (Jang, S.J. & Johnson, B.R. 2005;Ahrold, T.K & Meston, C.M 2010; Collett, J.L & Lizardo, O. 2009). The present study analyzed the influence of personality, gender and social class upon religiosity for Black Sunni Muslims.","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70388795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.101
S. Ahmed, Wahiba Abu-Ras, C. Arfken
Limited data exists on alcohol, illicit drug, tobacco, gambling, and nonmarital sexual intercourse among Muslim college students; behaviors which are either prohibited or strongly discouraged in Islam. To provide preliminary baseline data, we assessed prevalence of these risk behaviors using a U.S. 2001 national college survey. Of the 10,401 students surveyed, 135 (1.3%) reported they were raised in Muslim families. The past year prevalence of risk behaviors among the 135 students was 46.2% for alcohol, 24.6% for illicit drug use, 37.3% for tobacco use, and 30.4% for gambling. Of the never married students, 53.8% reported ever having had sexual intercourse. Gender differences were significant for tobacco use and gambling. Most Muslim students (58.5%) reported engaging in at least one risk behavior during the past year, of whom a majority (77.6%) engaged in two or more behaviors. In multivariate analyses, higher religiosity was protective against any past year risk behavior. These findings provide critical baseline data on risk behaviors among Muslim students. They also underscore the need for updated information and prevention programs. 6 Sameera Ahmed, Wahiba Abu-Ras, and Cynthia Arfken
{"title":"Prevalence of Risk Behaviors among U.S. Muslim College Students","authors":"S. Ahmed, Wahiba Abu-Ras, C. Arfken","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.101","url":null,"abstract":"Limited data exists on alcohol, illicit drug, tobacco, gambling, and nonmarital sexual intercourse among Muslim college students; behaviors which are either prohibited or strongly discouraged in Islam. To provide preliminary baseline data, we assessed prevalence of these risk behaviors using a U.S. 2001 national college survey. Of the 10,401 students surveyed, 135 (1.3%) reported they were raised in Muslim families. The past year prevalence of risk behaviors among the 135 students was 46.2% for alcohol, 24.6% for illicit drug use, 37.3% for tobacco use, and 30.4% for gambling. Of the never married students, 53.8% reported ever having had sexual intercourse. Gender differences were significant for tobacco use and gambling. Most Muslim students (58.5%) reported engaging in at least one risk behavior during the past year, of whom a majority (77.6%) engaged in two or more behaviors. In multivariate analyses, higher religiosity was protective against any past year risk behavior. These findings provide critical baseline data on risk behaviors among Muslim students. They also underscore the need for updated information and prevention programs. 6 Sameera Ahmed, Wahiba Abu-Ras, and Cynthia Arfken","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70388344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.104
A. Bagasra, M. Mackinem
Theological expressions on physical and mental illness tend to be influential in shaping the beliefs of practitioners living in Muslim majority societies.. It is unknown what influence, if any, Islamic beliefs have on the conceptions of mental illness expressed by Muslim Americans. This study explores the conceptions of Muslim Americans regarding mental illness. Two hundred and fiftyfive individuals identifying as Muslim American participated in a mixedmethod anonymous survey. The results of the survey reveal that most Muslim American participants adhere primarily to the dominant Western biomedical model of mental illness, but openended responses reflect a more complex understanding of mental illness as having biological, environmental, and psychospiritual origins. Findings suggest that how a Muslim American interprets mental illness will most likely depend upon the symptoms and context of the illness. Further exploration is needed to understand the beliefs of Muslim Americans and the way in which these beliefs affect attitudes toward therapies and mental health services.
{"title":"An Exploratory Study of American Muslim Conceptions of Mental Illness","authors":"A. Bagasra, M. Mackinem","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.104","url":null,"abstract":"Theological expressions on physical and mental illness tend to be influential in shaping the beliefs of practitioners living in Muslim majority societies.. It is unknown what influence, if any, Islamic beliefs have on the conceptions of mental illness expressed by Muslim Americans. This study explores the conceptions of Muslim Americans regarding mental illness. Two hundred and fiftyfive individuals identifying as Muslim American participated in a mixedmethod anonymous survey. The results of the survey reveal that most Muslim American participants adhere primarily to the dominant Western biomedical model of mental illness, but openended responses reflect a more complex understanding of mental illness as having biological, environmental, and psychospiritual origins. Findings suggest that how a Muslim American interprets mental illness will most likely depend upon the symptoms and context of the illness. Further exploration is needed to understand the beliefs of Muslim Americans and the way in which these beliefs affect attitudes toward therapies and mental health services.","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70388085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.106
A. O'Connor, Farhana Jahan
After the 9/11 attacks, various United States law enforcement and intelligence agencies increased their monitoring and surveillance of American Muslims. We assessed the prevalence of such experiences with a sample of American Muslims. Onefifth of participants reported personal experiences with government surveillance. Relative to those not monitored, American Muslims who reported being monitored also reported being more anxious— but not more angry— about the prospect of government surveillance. Additionally, those monitored reported being more likely to modify their behaviors, avoiding contexts that might lead to government suspicion and future surveillance. Anxieties over the prospect of surveillance mediated the relationship between being previously monitored and modifying their behaviors. Parallels between these findings and literature on social identity threat and emotion regulation are discussed.
{"title":"Under Surveillance and Overwrought: American Muslims’ Emotional and Behavioral Responses to Government Surveillance","authors":"A. O'Connor, Farhana Jahan","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.106","url":null,"abstract":"After the 9/11 attacks, various United States law enforcement and intelligence agencies increased their monitoring and surveillance of American Muslims. We assessed the prevalence of such experiences with a sample of American Muslims. Onefifth of participants reported personal experiences with government surveillance. Relative to those not monitored, American Muslims who reported being monitored also reported being more anxious— but not more angry— about the prospect of government surveillance. Additionally, those monitored reported being more likely to modify their behaviors, avoiding contexts that might lead to government suspicion and future surveillance. Anxieties over the prospect of surveillance mediated the relationship between being previously monitored and modifying their behaviors. Parallels between these findings and literature on social identity threat and emotion regulation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70388308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.105
N. Ghorbani, P. Watson, Shiva Geranmayepour, Z. Chen
Spirituality based on a Muslim perspective centers on loving submission and closeness to God. A 15item Muslim Experiential Religiousness Scale operationalized this definition of spirituality in a sample of 627 Iranian university and Islamic seminary students. Muslim Experiential Religiousness correlated positively with Intrinsic and Extrinsic Personal Religious Orientations, Muslim Attitudes toward Religion, and Satisfaction with Life, and negatively with Anxiety and Depression. This new instrument also displayed incremental validity over religious orientation and Muslim attitude scales, and an ability to explain variance in the relationships of these measures with other variables. Islamic seminarians scored higher on Muslim Experiential Religiousness than more general university students, and this scale mediated contrasts between these two student groups. In short, the Muslim Experiential Religiousness Scale demonstrated a clear potential for assessing Muslim spirituality and thus for advancing a Muslim psychology of religion. 78 Nima Ghorbani, P. J. Watson, Shiva Geranmayepour, and Zhuo Chen
{"title":"Measuring Muslim Spirituality: Relationships of Muslim Experiential Religiousness with Religious and Psychological Adjustment in Iran","authors":"N. Ghorbani, P. Watson, Shiva Geranmayepour, Z. Chen","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.105","url":null,"abstract":"Spirituality based on a Muslim perspective centers on loving submission and closeness to God. A 15item Muslim Experiential Religiousness Scale operationalized this definition of spirituality in a sample of 627 Iranian university and Islamic seminary students. Muslim Experiential Religiousness correlated positively with Intrinsic and Extrinsic Personal Religious Orientations, Muslim Attitudes toward Religion, and Satisfaction with Life, and negatively with Anxiety and Depression. This new instrument also displayed incremental validity over religious orientation and Muslim attitude scales, and an ability to explain variance in the relationships of these measures with other variables. Islamic seminarians scored higher on Muslim Experiential Religiousness than more general university students, and this scale mediated contrasts between these two student groups. In short, the Muslim Experiential Religiousness Scale demonstrated a clear potential for assessing Muslim spirituality and thus for advancing a Muslim psychology of religion. 78 Nima Ghorbani, P. J. Watson, Shiva Geranmayepour, and Zhuo Chen","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70388166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.102
Faiza Amjad, I. Z. Bokharey
The present study aimed to investigate the spiritual wellbeing and coping strategies of participants with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This study included 40 participants with GAD, all meeting the diagnostic criteria of the DSM IVTR. The Spiritual Wellness Inventory and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire were used as measuring tools. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, linear and stepwise regression, and Sobel ztest of mediation analysis. The stepwise regression analysis showed that out of 13 dimensions of spiritual wellness, only three dimensions (i.e., concept of hereafter, mystery, and meaning) significantly predicted GAD symptoms in negative direction. The mediational analysis showed that active practical and religious coping strategies did not mediate between the relationship of spiritual wellness and symptoms of GAD. Keyword: spiritual wellbeing, coping strategies, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, me-
{"title":"The Impact of Spiritual Wellbeing and Coping Strategies on Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder","authors":"Faiza Amjad, I. Z. Bokharey","doi":"10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3998/JMMH.10381607.0008.102","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to investigate the spiritual wellbeing and coping strategies of participants with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This study included 40 participants with GAD, all meeting the diagnostic criteria of the DSM IVTR. The Spiritual Wellness Inventory and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire were used as measuring tools. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, linear and stepwise regression, and Sobel ztest of mediation analysis. The stepwise regression analysis showed that out of 13 dimensions of spiritual wellness, only three dimensions (i.e., concept of hereafter, mystery, and meaning) significantly predicted GAD symptoms in negative direction. The mediational analysis showed that active practical and religious coping strategies did not mediate between the relationship of spiritual wellness and symptoms of GAD. Keyword: spiritual wellbeing, coping strategies, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, me-","PeriodicalId":44870,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Muslim Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70387976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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