Abstract Hoarding is a complex and persistent mental illness that may pose significant threats to the health, safety and optimal functioning of the sufferer and their family members. Children and youth who live in hoarded environments are especially vulnerable to safety hazards and the negative social and developmental impacts that can result from this challenging behaviour. Some educational, health and protective service organisations are compelled to act on legal and regulatory mandates that necessitate interventions for hoarding in cases where children and youth are residing and may be at risk. Striking the balance between individual rights and protection of some of society’s most vulnerable citizens is a significant challenge. Carefully executed multidisciplinary interventions grounded in an ecological system’s approach offer some hope for minimising adverse impacts on youth and families while reducing the potential for harm caused by hoarding behaviour.
{"title":"Community-based interventions for hoarding: Impacts on children, youth and families","authors":"Christiana Bratiotis","doi":"10.1017/cha.2020.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.16","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hoarding is a complex and persistent mental illness that may pose significant threats to the health, safety and optimal functioning of the sufferer and their family members. Children and youth who live in hoarded environments are especially vulnerable to safety hazards and the negative social and developmental impacts that can result from this challenging behaviour. Some educational, health and protective service organisations are compelled to act on legal and regulatory mandates that necessitate interventions for hoarding in cases where children and youth are residing and may be at risk. Striking the balance between individual rights and protection of some of society’s most vulnerable citizens is a significant challenge. Carefully executed multidisciplinary interventions grounded in an ecological system’s approach offer some hope for minimising adverse impacts on youth and families while reducing the potential for harm caused by hoarding behaviour.","PeriodicalId":44896,"journal":{"name":"Children Australia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cha.2020.16","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42157709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In early 2020, the world as we knew it began to change dramatically and rapidly with the COVID-19 outbreak. Social distancing restrictions and lockdown measures have been the most effective course of action and an inarguably imperative approach at this time. However, in trying to keep the global population safe, social distancing measures unwittingly placed children already experiencing maltreatment and disadvantage in harm’s way. This paper will consider the evidence base which attests to the importance of considering the accumulation of adversity when seeking to understand risk and impact of child maltreatment and disadvantage. Given the unique and unprecedented circumstances which have accompanied the COVID-19 outbreak, and the dearth of research pertaining to the impact of pandemics on child welfare, the paper draws on an emerging body of literature about the effect of natural disasters, conflict and significant global events on child maltreatment. The paper synthesises the research to date in order to call attention to the cumulative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children already experiencing abuse and neglect. The paper concludes with an outline of the implications for practice in the helping professions.
{"title":"Responding to the accumulation of adverse childhood experiences in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for practice","authors":"I. Bryce","doi":"10.1017/cha.2020.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.27","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In early 2020, the world as we knew it began to change dramatically and rapidly with the COVID-19 outbreak. Social distancing restrictions and lockdown measures have been the most effective course of action and an inarguably imperative approach at this time. However, in trying to keep the global population safe, social distancing measures unwittingly placed children already experiencing maltreatment and disadvantage in harm’s way. This paper will consider the evidence base which attests to the importance of considering the accumulation of adversity when seeking to understand risk and impact of child maltreatment and disadvantage. Given the unique and unprecedented circumstances which have accompanied the COVID-19 outbreak, and the dearth of research pertaining to the impact of pandemics on child welfare, the paper draws on an emerging body of literature about the effect of natural disasters, conflict and significant global events on child maltreatment. The paper synthesises the research to date in order to call attention to the cumulative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children already experiencing abuse and neglect. The paper concludes with an outline of the implications for practice in the helping professions.","PeriodicalId":44896,"journal":{"name":"Children Australia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cha.2020.27","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45111436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract There has been little research into the well-being of mothers after 12 months post-partum, despite researchers finding that depressive symptoms are more prevalent at 4 years post-partum than at any other time preceding this. The literature suggests that a woman’s view of the mother role impacts on her well-being in the early years of parenting. This qualitative research study investigated the experiences of mothers of preschool-aged children in Melbourne, Australia, and how they incorporated the role of mother into their self. Eight semi-structured interviews were completed, and interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to explore the data. The data revealed four subthemes relating to the emergence of the maternal self: becoming a mother as a journey of self-discovery, the biological imperatives of becoming a mother, remothering and the continued challenges of the emerging mother role. Although the experiences of mothering are as diverse as women themselves, even in the mostly homogenous sample, as in this study, several themes were present that both support and diverge from the existing literature.
{"title":"The self-as-mother in the preschool years: an interpretive phenomenological analysis","authors":"Lauren Hansen","doi":"10.1017/cha.2020.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There has been little research into the well-being of mothers after 12 months post-partum, despite researchers finding that depressive symptoms are more prevalent at 4 years post-partum than at any other time preceding this. The literature suggests that a woman’s view of the mother role impacts on her well-being in the early years of parenting. This qualitative research study investigated the experiences of mothers of preschool-aged children in Melbourne, Australia, and how they incorporated the role of mother into their self. Eight semi-structured interviews were completed, and interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to explore the data. The data revealed four subthemes relating to the emergence of the maternal self: becoming a mother as a journey of self-discovery, the biological imperatives of becoming a mother, remothering and the continued challenges of the emerging mother role. Although the experiences of mothering are as diverse as women themselves, even in the mostly homogenous sample, as in this study, several themes were present that both support and diverge from the existing literature.","PeriodicalId":44896,"journal":{"name":"Children Australia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cha.2020.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41421267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clair Scrine, B. Farrant, C. Michie, Carrington C. J. Shepherd, Michael Wright
Abstract There is a paucity of published information about conceptions of Aboriginal child rearing and development among urban dwelling Nyoongar/Aboriginal people in Australia. We detail the unique findings from an Aboriginal early child development research project with a specific focus on the Nyoongar/Aboriginal community of Perth, Western Australia. This research significantly expands the understanding of a shared system of beliefs and values among Nyoongar people that differ in important ways from those of the broader Australian (Western) society. Consistent with the findings of research with other Aboriginal groups in Australia, and internationally, our work challenges assumptions underpinning a range of early childhood development policies and highlights the implications of cultural biases and misunderstandings among non-Aboriginal professionals in child and family services, education and other settings.
{"title":"Raising strong, solid Koolunga: values and beliefs about early child development among Perth’s Aboriginal community","authors":"Clair Scrine, B. Farrant, C. Michie, Carrington C. J. Shepherd, Michael Wright","doi":"10.1017/cha.2020.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is a paucity of published information about conceptions of Aboriginal child rearing and development among urban dwelling Nyoongar/Aboriginal people in Australia. We detail the unique findings from an Aboriginal early child development research project with a specific focus on the Nyoongar/Aboriginal community of Perth, Western Australia. This research significantly expands the understanding of a shared system of beliefs and values among Nyoongar people that differ in important ways from those of the broader Australian (Western) society. Consistent with the findings of research with other Aboriginal groups in Australia, and internationally, our work challenges assumptions underpinning a range of early childhood development policies and highlights the implications of cultural biases and misunderstandings among non-Aboriginal professionals in child and family services, education and other settings.","PeriodicalId":44896,"journal":{"name":"Children Australia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cha.2020.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42055167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Welcome to 2020. We hope this year will see many positive changes for children, young people, their families and communities, but over recent months, wherever we have living, we have faced climate-related events – fires, floods, storms and other issues resulting from these. Australia, in particular, has been experiencing catastrophic fires which continue as I write this editorial. Such events are not only traumatic and leave many people without shelter and livelihood but also require long periods of recovery time for all concerned. I understand that there is no quick fix to any of these events, nor way of preventing them, but I have been thinking about how we provide for children, young people and their families with a basic liveable infrastructure and the kinds of places and spaces that will afford the greatest safety from the elements. Many people have given attention to this topic. In Australia, back in 2011, the Commissioner for Children and Young People inWestern Australia, Michelle Scott, was involved in developing a report on current and future needs in relation to places and spaces, and she stated: ‘The built environment has a significant impact on children and young people’s development, their quality of life and their experience and enjoyment of the world. Schools, houses, shops, walkways, railways, parks, recreational and community centres are all part of our built environment.’ (Commissioner for Children and Young People WA, 2011, p.2). In this editorial, I have limited the scope of ‘place’ to homes and their immediate environment and raise concerns about the nature of dwellings currently experienced by people experiencing disadvantage and the houses that are being built in affluent, western countries, including those that replace burnt-out dwellings. But first, let me reiterate some of the challenges that will come with our changing climate. These include increased temperature (Allen et al., 2018), changes to disease spread (Sriskantharajah, 2019), more violent weather events (Steffen, Dean, & Rice, 2019), rising sea levels, and water stress and droughts (Allen et al., 2018). In addition, the frequency with which some communities are being affected is of concern with places such as Looe, in Cornwall, UK, predicted to be subject to flooding some 60 times a year by 2050 (Wall, 2019) and possibly uninhabitable by that time. Many island nations are already petitioning other countries for assistance with funding andmigration arrangements due to sea level rises which are affecting fresh water supplies, sewer infrastructure and dwellings (Cassella, 2019). Droughts are also impacting upon many countries causing food shortages, loss of income and, in some cases, abandonment of what were formerly viable agricultural pursuits. These issues have health impacts for individuals and communities, with children considered more vulnerable due to the factors outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO, n.d.), these being:
欢迎来到2020年。我们希望今年能看到儿童、年轻人、他们的家庭和社区发生许多积极变化，但近几个月来，无论我们生活在哪里，我们都面临着与气候相关的事件——火灾、洪水、风暴和其他由此引发的问题。尤其是澳大利亚，在我写这篇社论时，一直在经历灾难性的火灾。此类事件不仅造成创伤，使许多人失去住所和生计，而且需要所有相关人员长时间的恢复时间。我知道，这些事件都没有快速的解决方案，也没有预防措施，但我一直在思考我们如何为儿童、年轻人及其家庭提供基本的宜居基础设施，以及能够提供最大安全性的场所和空间。许多人都关注这个话题。在澳大利亚，早在2011年，西澳大利亚州儿童和青年事务专员米歇尔·斯科特就参与了一份关于场所和空间当前和未来需求的报告，她表示：“建筑环境对儿童和青年的发展、生活质量以及他们对世界的体验和享受有着重大影响。学校、房屋、商店、人行道、铁路、公园、娱乐和社区中心都是我们建筑环境的一部分。”（华盛顿州儿童和青年事务专员，2011年，第2页）。在这篇社论中，我将“地方”的范围限制在房屋及其周围环境，并对弱势群体目前所经历的住房性质以及富裕西方国家正在建造的住房（包括取代烧毁房屋的住房）表示担忧。但首先，让我重申气候变化将带来的一些挑战。其中包括气温升高（Allen等人，2018）、疾病传播的变化（Sriskantharajah，2019）、更猛烈的天气事件（Steffen，Dean，&Rice，2019），海平面上升，以及水压力和干旱（Allen et al.，2018）。此外，一些社区受到影响的频率令人担忧，英国康沃尔郡的卢等地预计到2050年将每年发生约60次洪水（Wall，2019），届时可能无法居住。由于海平面上升影响了淡水供应、下水道基础设施和住宅，许多岛国已经在向其他国家申请资金和移民安排方面的援助（Cassella，2019）。干旱也影响到许多国家，造成粮食短缺、收入损失，在某些情况下，还放弃了以前可行的农业活动。这些问题对个人和社区的健康有影响，由于世界卫生组织（世界卫生组织，未另行说明）概述的因素，儿童被认为更容易受到伤害，这些因素是：
{"title":"The built environment and well-being of children into the future","authors":"J. Lehmann","doi":"10.1017/cha.2020.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.6","url":null,"abstract":"Welcome to 2020. We hope this year will see many positive changes for children, young people, their families and communities, but over recent months, wherever we have living, we have faced climate-related events – fires, floods, storms and other issues resulting from these. Australia, in particular, has been experiencing catastrophic fires which continue as I write this editorial. Such events are not only traumatic and leave many people without shelter and livelihood but also require long periods of recovery time for all concerned. I understand that there is no quick fix to any of these events, nor way of preventing them, but I have been thinking about how we provide for children, young people and their families with a basic liveable infrastructure and the kinds of places and spaces that will afford the greatest safety from the elements. Many people have given attention to this topic. In Australia, back in 2011, the Commissioner for Children and Young People inWestern Australia, Michelle Scott, was involved in developing a report on current and future needs in relation to places and spaces, and she stated: ‘The built environment has a significant impact on children and young people’s development, their quality of life and their experience and enjoyment of the world. Schools, houses, shops, walkways, railways, parks, recreational and community centres are all part of our built environment.’ (Commissioner for Children and Young People WA, 2011, p.2). In this editorial, I have limited the scope of ‘place’ to homes and their immediate environment and raise concerns about the nature of dwellings currently experienced by people experiencing disadvantage and the houses that are being built in affluent, western countries, including those that replace burnt-out dwellings. But first, let me reiterate some of the challenges that will come with our changing climate. These include increased temperature (Allen et al., 2018), changes to disease spread (Sriskantharajah, 2019), more violent weather events (Steffen, Dean, & Rice, 2019), rising sea levels, and water stress and droughts (Allen et al., 2018). In addition, the frequency with which some communities are being affected is of concern with places such as Looe, in Cornwall, UK, predicted to be subject to flooding some 60 times a year by 2050 (Wall, 2019) and possibly uninhabitable by that time. Many island nations are already petitioning other countries for assistance with funding andmigration arrangements due to sea level rises which are affecting fresh water supplies, sewer infrastructure and dwellings (Cassella, 2019). Droughts are also impacting upon many countries causing food shortages, loss of income and, in some cases, abandonment of what were formerly viable agricultural pursuits. These issues have health impacts for individuals and communities, with children considered more vulnerable due to the factors outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO, n.d.), these being:","PeriodicalId":44896,"journal":{"name":"Children Australia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cha.2020.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43338826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"S. White, M. Gibson, D. Wastell, & P. Walsh (2020). Reassessing attachment theory in child welfare. Bristol: Policy Press. ISBN 978-1-443-3692-1 paperback. pp 163. GBP 17.59 plus post.","authors":"F. Ainsworth","doi":"10.1017/cha.2020.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44896,"journal":{"name":"Children Australia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cha.2020.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46210964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Care and protection/family violence: Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Nicola Atwool","doi":"10.1017/cha.2020.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44896,"journal":{"name":"Children Australia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cha.2020.9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43542767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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