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Metanarratives of Slavery 奴隶制的元叙事
3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlad003
Erin Pearson
I identify a prevalent but previously unremarked subgenre within contemporary narratives of slavery: metanarratives of slavery. Metanarratives of slavery emphasize the cultural perspectives through which slavery has been seen, thus making perception as much of a focus as slavery itself. I offer a preliminary taxonomy of metanarratives of slavery by focusing on three works in three formats: Kara Walker’s large-scale sculptural installation Fons Americanus (2019), Colson Whitehead’s novel The Underground Railroad (2016), and Robin Coste Lewis’s long poem “Voyage of the Sable Venus” (2015). While recent scholarship has underscored the tendency of contemporary narratives of slavery to trouble a sense of straightforward access to history, it has not accounted for why so many authors and visual artists dramatize that lack of access by foregrounding intervening cultural narratives. I argue that metanarratives of slavery emphasize perspective to draw audience attention to the sources of their ideas about slavery and race. In the process, these works remain in a space I call the interim-gesturing toward a freer future without entirely letting go of the past. By recognizing that space, we can also recognize how certain writers and visual artists envision a Black diasporic aesthetic present, carved out of the ongoing catastrophe of white supremacist violence but refusing to delay pleasure and beauty for a future that may never arrive.
我在当代奴隶制叙事中发现了一种普遍但以前未被注意到的亚类型:奴隶制的元叙事。奴隶制的元叙事强调了奴隶制被看待的文化视角,从而使感知成为奴隶制本身的焦点。我通过三种形式的三件作品对奴隶制的元叙事进行了初步分类:卡拉·沃克的大型雕塑装置《美国人》(2019)、科尔森·怀特黑德的小说《地下铁路》(2016)和罗宾·科斯特·刘易斯的长诗《黑貂维纳斯之旅》(2015)。虽然最近的学术研究强调了当代奴隶制叙事的一种倾向,即难以直接接近历史,但它并没有解释为什么那么多作家和视觉艺术家通过突出介入文化叙事来戏剧化这种缺乏接触的情况。我认为,奴隶制的元叙事强调视角,以吸引观众注意他们关于奴隶制和种族的想法的来源。在这个过程中,这些作品保留在一个我称之为“过渡”的空间里——在不完全放弃过去的情况下,向一个更自由的未来示意。通过认识到这个空间,我们也可以认识到某些作家和视觉艺术家是如何设想一个黑人流散的审美现在的,从白人至上主义暴力的持续灾难中雕刻出来,但拒绝为一个可能永远不会到来的未来推迟快乐和美丽。
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引用次数: 0
A Story in Sound: The Unpublished Writings of Sidney Bechet 《声音中的故事:西德尼·贝克特未发表的作品》
IF 0.2 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlad005
Jessica E. Teague
In a letter dated 22 April 1952, to the poet and editor John Ciardi, jazz musician Sidney Bechet enclosed an eleven-page manuscript titled “Wildflower (or The Story of Frankie & Johnnie).”1 At the time, Ciardi was helping Bechet edit his autobiography, and Bechet valued Ciardi’s literary collaboration. “Should I make this a ballet, or a picture, or a stageplay and ballet combined, or maybe a book?” Bechet asked. He tells Ciardi that he has the music “all in mind,” and that “it would make a hell of a play, maybe better than Pogy[sic] and Bess.” While Bechet seems to have hoped that Ciardi, who was editor of The Saturday Review, could help him find a venue for publication or performance, these comments also suggest that Bechet did not yet know what genre or medium his story ought to take. Ciardi responded on 8 May 1952 with characteristic editorial diplomacy: “I wish I knew what to say about the Frankie and Johnny. There are certainly terrific possibilities for the scenario but I’d be bluffing and doing you no good at all if I pretended to know the right things about stage productions.” Ciardi acknowledged the theatrical potential for the treatment and promised to send a few letters to request guidance on the matter, but nothing ever became of Bechet’s “Frankie and Johnnie.” It remains unpublished and unproduced—a fragment in the archive. However, the recent discovery of this fragment along with a second untitled narrative among the papers of his Parisian manager, Charles Delaunay, at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) raises new questions about how we have understood the role of narrative and writing in the artistic life of one of jazz’s most influential figures. Bechet is not usually considered a writer in the traditional sense, but perhaps he should be.
在1952年4月22日写给诗人兼编辑约翰·西亚迪的信中,爵士音乐家西德尼·贝克特附上了一份11页的手稿,题为《野花》(或《弗兰基和约翰尼的故事》)。当时,恰尔迪正在帮助贝歇编辑他的自传,而贝歇很重视恰尔迪在文学上的合作。“我应该把它拍成芭蕾舞剧,或者是一幅画,或者是舞台剧和芭蕾的结合,或者是一本书?”贝切问。他告诉Ciardi,他已经把音乐“全记在脑子里了”,而且“这将是一部非常棒的戏剧,也许比Pogy和Bess更好。”虽然Bechet似乎希望《周六评论》的编辑Ciardi能帮他找到出版或演出的场所,但这些评论也表明Bechet还不知道他的故事应该采用哪种类型或媒介。1952年5月8日,恰尔迪用他特有的编辑外交手段回应道:“我希望我知道关于弗兰基和约翰尼该说些什么。这种情况当然有很好的可能性,但如果我假装对舞台制作很了解,那我就是在虚张声势,对你一点好处都没有。”Ciardi承认这种疗法在戏剧上的潜力,并承诺会寄几封信来征求对这件事的指导,但Bechet的《Frankie and Johnnie》没有任何进展。它仍然是未发表和未生产的——存档中的一个片段。然而,最近在法国国家图书馆(BnF)发现的这段片段以及他的巴黎经纪人查尔斯·德劳内(Charles Delaunay)的论文中发现的第二篇未命名的叙述,提出了新的问题,即我们如何理解叙述和写作在爵士乐最具影响力的人物之一的艺术生活中的作用。在传统意义上,贝克特通常不被认为是作家,但也许他应该是。
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引用次数: 0
Chinese Exclusion, Indigeneity, and Settler-Colonial Refusal in C Pam Zhang’s How Much of These Hills is Gold 张pam的《这些山有多少是金子》中的排华、土著和定居者-殖民地拒绝
3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlad004
Alyssa A Hunziker
Journal Article Chinese Exclusion, Indigeneity, and Settler-Colonial Refusal in C Pam Zhang’s How Much of These Hills Is Gold Get access Alyssa A Hunziker Alyssa A Hunziker Oklahoma State University, USA alyssa.hunziker@okstate.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MELUS, Volume 47, Issue 4, Winter 2022, Pages 22–48, https://doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlad004 Published: 10 April 2023
期刊文章《中国的排华、土著和定居者-殖民拒绝》Pam Zhang的《这些山中有多少是黄金》获得访问Alyssa A Hunziker Alyssa A Hunziker美国俄克拉荷马州立大学alyssa.hunziker@okstate.edu搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者MELUS,第47卷,第4期,2022年冬季,22-48页,https://doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlad004出版日期:2023年4月10日
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引用次数: 0
Reading with the Grain: The Ecologies of The Lowland 与谷物一起阅读:低地生态
3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-04-08 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlad008
Michael Wutz
Journal Article Reading with the Grain: The Ecologies of The Lowland Get access Michael Wutz Michael Wutz Weber State University, USA mwutz@weber.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MELUS, Volume 47, Issue 4, Winter 2022, Pages 120–147, https://doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlad008 Published: 08 April 2023
期刊文章阅读谷物:低地生态获取访问迈克尔·乌茨迈克尔·乌茨·韦伯州立大学,美国mwutz@weber.edu搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者MELUS,卷47,第4期,冬季2022,页120-147,https://doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlad008出版日期:2023年4月8日
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引用次数: 0
“A Place for Everything and Everything in Its Place”: Reading Minimalism, Place, and Gender from Anzia Yezierska to Marie Kondo “一切的地方和一切的地方”:阅读从安齐亚·叶泽尔斯卡到近藤麻理惠的极简主义、地方和性别
IF 0.2 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlad006
Amy E. Dayton
When I was a girl in the 1980s, my mother transitioned from domestic work cleaning houses to a white-collar job at an electric company. Once she had fulltime work, my grandparents stepped in to help keep our household in order. Grandma did laundry, washed dishes, and exhorted my brother, sister, and me (well, mostly me) to clean our rooms, with the saying: “A place for everything, and everything in its place.” That phrase stood out when I encountered it years later in Anzia Yezierska’s Bread Givers (1925). Like much of Yezierska’s work, the book is semi-autobiographical, a coming-of-age tale that chronicles the transformation of an immigrant girl who seeks to “make herself a person” by becoming a schoolteacher and joining the ranks of the middle class. In her stories, novels, and nonfiction, Yezierska shows how working-class women who assimilate into the dominant culture negotiate the physical spaces they inhabit as part of that transformation. Some of her characters do this by embarking on home improvement in their tenement dwellings while others, such as Sara Smolinsky in Bread Givers, leave the tenements for modern,
上世纪80年代,当我还是个小女孩的时候,我母亲从家务清洁工作转到一家电力公司的白领工作。一旦她有了全职工作,我的祖父母就介入进来,帮助我们打理家务。奶奶洗衣服,洗碗,并劝告我的弟弟,妹妹和我(嗯,主要是我)打扫我们的房间,她说:“一个地方放东西,每件东西都在它的地方。”多年后,当我在安齐亚·叶泽尔斯卡(Anzia Yezierska)的《面包给予者》(1925)中看到这句话时,它引起了我的注意。和叶泽尔斯卡的许多作品一样,这本书也是半自传式的,讲述了一个成长故事,记录了一个移民女孩的转变,她成为一名教师,加入了中产阶级的行列,试图“让自己成为一个人”。在她的故事、小说和非虚构作品中,叶泽尔斯卡展示了被主流文化同化的工人阶级女性如何在这种转变中与她们所居住的物理空间进行谈判。她笔下的一些角色通过对他们的廉租房进行家居装修来做到这一点,而另一些角色,比如《给面包的人》中的萨拉·斯莫林斯基,离开廉租房去了现代生活,
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引用次数: 0
The Trembling Network or a Sociology of Feeling: W. E. B. Du Bois’s The Quest of the Silver Fleece 颤抖的网络或情感社会学:杜波依斯的《追寻银羊毛》
IF 0.2 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlac058
C. M. Class
W. E. B. Du Bois begins his first novel, The Quest of the Silver Fleece (1911), with a note in which he explains that he cannot promise that the tale is told “well” or “beautifully,” pledging only that it is “honest” and that “In no fact or picture have I consciously set down aught the counterpart of which I have not seen or known; and whatever the finished picture may lack of completeness, this lack is due now to the story-teller, now to the artist, but never to the herald of the Truth.” Speaking to a sociological criterion of “Truth” and leaning on his background as a sociologist, as opposed to a craftsman, Du Bois attests that his novel is premised on his careful observations and experiences. While it might not have ultimately achieved “completeness
杜波依斯(w.e.b. Du Bois)在他的第一部小说《寻银羊毛》(The Quest of The Silver Fleece, 1911)的开头写了一个注释,他解释说,他不能保证这个故事讲得“好”或“漂亮”,只保证它是“诚实的”,而且“我没有在任何事实或图片中有意识地写下任何我没有见过或不知道的对应内容;不管完成的图画有什么不完整之处,这种不完整有时是由于讲故事的人,有时是由于艺术家,而决不是由于真理的宣讲者。”杜波依斯以“真理”这一社会学标准为依据,以他作为社会学家(而不是工匠)的背景为依托,证明他的小说是以他仔细的观察和经历为前提的。虽然它可能没有最终实现“完整性”
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引用次数: 1
The Laughing “No”: Interpellation, Expression, and Laughter in Quicksand 笑着说“不”:流沙中的质询、表达和笑
IF 0.2 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlac064
Alec Joyner
Early in Nella Larsen’s Quicksand (1928), Helga Crane, the novel’s itinerant, anguished protagonist, resolves to quit her job as a teacher at Naxos, a Tuskegeelike institution with a strict uplift ideology, and meets with Robert Anderson, the school’s director. In the text’s third-person narration, Helga becomes “the girl” and Anderson, with all the symbolic authority of the phrase, “the man”: “The man smiled . . .,” “The man said kindly . . . ”; Helga perceives him at first as “the figure of a man . . . blurred slightly in outline” (53). He hails her in an ordinary, professional manner—“Miss Crane?”—but, as with Louis Althusser’s infamous policeman, his “questioning salutation” implies the threat of an official recruitment to ideology. Is she “Miss Crane”? Will she recognize recognition on Naxos’ terms? Does she even have a choice?
在奈拉·拉森(Nella Larsen) 1928年的《流沙》(Quicksand)中,小说的主人公赫尔加·克兰(Helga Crane)四处漂泊,痛苦不堪,她决定辞去纳克索斯(Naxos)的教师工作,并与该校校长罗伯特·安德森(Robert Anderson)会面。纳克索斯是一所类似塔斯基吉(tuskegei)的机构,有着严格的提升意识形态。在文本的第三人称叙述中,黑尔加变成了“女孩”,而安德森,带着这个短语的所有象征权威,变成了“男人”:“男人微笑着……”,“男人和蔼地说……””;海尔加一开始认为他是“一个男人的形象……轮廓稍微模糊”(53)。他以一种普通的、专业的态度招呼她——“克兰小姐?但是,就像路易·阿尔都塞笔下臭名昭著的警察一样,他的“问询式敬礼”暗示了意识形态的官方招募的威胁。她是“鹤小姐”吗?她会按照纳克索斯的条件承认承认吗?她还有别的选择吗?
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引用次数: 0
The Thirdspace of the Borderlands in Luis Alberto Urrea’s The House of Broken Angels: A Geocritical Reading 路易斯·阿尔贝托·乌雷亚的《破碎天使之家》中的第三空间:地理批判解读
IF 0.2 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlad001
Theda Wrede
Lefebvre opens the way to a trialectics of spatiality, always insisting that each mode of thinking about space, each “field” of human spatiality—the physical, the mental, the social—be seen as simultaneously real and imagined, concrete and abstract, material and metaphorical.
列斐伏尔开启了一种空间性的试验方法,他始终坚持认为,每一种思考空间的模式,人类空间性的每一个“领域”——物理的、精神的、社会的——都应同时被视为真实的和想象的,具体的和抽象的,物质的和隐喻的。
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引用次数: 0
Monstrous “Elsewheres”: The Horror Spatial Imaginary in Black Fiction and Film 怪异的“别处”:黑人小说和电影中的恐怖空间想象
3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlac061
Colton Saylor
Journal Article Monstrous “Elsewheres”: The Horror Spatial Imaginary in Black Fiction and Film Get access Colton Saylor Colton Saylor San Jose State University, USA colton.saylor@sjsu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MELUS, Volume 47, Issue 3, Fall 2022, Pages 112–129, https://doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlac061 Published: 26 March 2023
期刊文章怪物“其他地方”:黑人小说和电影中的恐怖空间想象获取科尔顿·塞勒科尔顿·塞勒圣何塞州立大学,美国colton.saylor@sjsu.edu搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者MELUS,第47卷,第3期,2022年秋季,第112-129页,https://doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlac061出版:2023年3月26日
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引用次数: 0
Color-blind Aesthetics in Manuel Muñoz: Reading Race in Form and Feeling 曼努埃尔的色盲美学Muñoz:形式与感觉中的阅读种族
3区 文学 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.1093/melus/mlac062
Thomas Conners
Journal Article Color-blind Aesthetics in Manuel Muñoz: Reading Race in Form and Feeling Get access Thomas Conners Thomas Conners Harvard University, USA thomasconners@fas.harvard.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MELUS, Volume 47, Issue 3, Fall 2022, Pages 71–88, https://doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlac062 Published: 25 March 2023
期刊文章曼努埃尔色盲美学Muñoz:阅读形式和感觉的种族获取访问托马斯·康纳斯托马斯·康纳斯哈佛大学,美国thomasconners@fas.harvard.edu搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者MELUS,第47卷,第3期,2022年秋季,第71-88页,https://doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlac062出版:2023年3月25日
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引用次数: 0
期刊
MELUS
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