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The Gespenst of Postcolonial Theory 后殖民理论的萌芽
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0008938923000055
Anne Berg
“What is going on in Germany?” asked Natalie Zemon Davis after Munich suspended the acclaimed play Vögel (Birds) by Wajdi Mouawad in November 2022. Davis, a renowned historian, had been deeply involved in the play's conception and production only to see it pulled for alleged antisemitism and Holocaust relativization.1 This was not an isolated example.2
“德国发生了什么?”娜塔莉·泽蒙·戴维斯在慕尼黑于2022年11月暂停了瓦伊迪·穆阿瓦德备受赞誉的戏剧《鸟》后问道。戴维斯是一位著名的历史学家,他深入参与了这部剧的构思和制作,却发现它被指控为反犹太主义和大屠杀相对主义。1这不是一个孤立的例子。2
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引用次数: 0
Mussolini and the Eclipse of Italian Fascism: From Dictatorship to Populism By R. J. B. Bosworth. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2021. Pp. xiv + 338. Cloth $32.50. ISBN: 978-0300232721.
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0008938923000377
Nicolas G. Virtue
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引用次数: 0
Allies and Rivals: German-American Exchange and the Rise of the Modern Research University By Emily J. Levine. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2021. Pp. 392. Cloth $35.00. ISBN: 978-0226341811. 《盟友与对手:德美交流与现代研究型大学的兴起》艾米丽·j·莱文著。芝加哥:芝加哥大学出版社,2021。392页。布35.00美元。ISBN: 978 - 0226341811。
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0008938923000328
Sandra L. Singer
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引用次数: 0
Politisierung der Alpen. Umweltbewegungen in der Ära der Europäischen Integration (1970-2000) By Romed Aschwanden. Vienna and Cologne: Böhlau, 2021. Pp. 347. Hardcover €60.00. ISBN: 978-3412521349. 阿尔卑斯山政治。欧洲一体化时代的环境运动(1970—2000)"维恩纳与科隆,伯鲁,2021年"Pp工作. 347 .图书€60.00 .书:978-3412521349 .
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0008938923000225
M. Landry
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引用次数: 0
Die Theorie der Seuche. Krankheitskonzepte und Pestbewältigung im Mittelalter By Katharina Wolff. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2021. Pp. 445. Hardback $82.75. ISBN: 978-3515129695. 瘟疫理论凯瑟琳·沃尔夫中世纪的疾病和病因管理斯图加特:弗兰茨·施泰因出版社,2021年。Pp工作. 445 .Hardback 82.75美元.书:978-3515129695 .
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0008938923000134
Lucy C. Barnhouse
Katharina Wolff ’ s monograph is an ambitious one, studying both medieval theories of plague and how the study of such theories was intertwined with the work of historians of medicine at the time of the bacteriological revolution. Wolff examines not only how medieval European societies coped with infectious disease but also the sociocultural significance of the historiography of medieval epidemics. “ Sickness, ” Wolff argues, “ happens to individuals, diseases hap-pen to societies ” (18, 272). Linking the disparate elements of her study is the argument that epidemics are always defined by those observing them, whether those observers are medieval chroniclers, modern scholars of the humanities, or scientists in either period
Katharina Wolff的专著是一本雄心勃勃的专著,研究了中世纪的瘟疫理论,以及这些理论的研究如何与细菌革命时期医学历史学家的工作交织在一起。沃尔夫不仅考察了中世纪欧洲社会如何应对传染病,还考察了中世纪流行病史学的社会文化意义。沃尔夫认为,“疾病发生在个人身上,疾病发生在社会身上”(18272)。将她的研究中不同的元素联系在一起的论点是,流行病总是由观察者来定义的,无论这些观察者是中世纪的编年史家、现代人文学者还是这两个时期的科学家
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引用次数: 0
Two German Perspectives on a German Discussion 一场德国讨论的两种德国观点
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0008938923000067
W. Gruner, S. Schüler-Springorum
This contribution results from a place of serious discomfort regarding recent public and academic discussions in Germany, where Holocaust memory and its political instrumentalization have seemed to produce a growing dogmatism, harming academic freedom. Because we both direct university research centers in Berlin and Los Angeles dedicated to the study of the Holocaust, we have decided to join forces and share our particular German perspectives on this debate. Our views are in part generational, in part personal.
这一贡献源于德国最近对公众和学术讨论的严重不安,在那里,大屠杀记忆及其政治工具化似乎产生了越来越多的教条主义,损害了学术自由。由于我们都是柏林和洛杉矶专门研究大屠杀的大学研究中心的负责人,我们决定联合起来,分享我们对这场辩论的独特的德国观点。我们的观点部分是代际的,部分是个人的。
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引用次数: 0
Singing Like Germans: Black Musicians in the Land of Bach, Beethoven, and Brahms By Kira Thurman. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2021. Pp. 368. Hardcover $32.95. ISBN: 978-1501759840. 《像德国人一样歌唱:巴赫、贝多芬和勃拉姆斯之乡的黑人音乐家》,基拉·瑟曼著。伊萨卡和伦敦:康奈尔大学出版社,2021年。368页。精装书32.95美元。ISBN: 978 - 1501759840。
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0008938923000262
Karen Painter
as the female sphere of domesticity” (246). I wondered, though, if and how telegraphy contributed to constructions of masculinity in communications. As Johnston notes, the history of telegraphy is “remarkably overlooked in the historiography of modern Germany” (2). This book goes a very long way to rectifying that lacuna. Hopefully, this book will receive the wide readership from historians of Germany, technology, and media that it deserves.
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引用次数: 1
Flaschenkinder. Säuglingsernährung und Familienbeziehungen in Deutschland und Schweden im 20. Jahrhundert By Verena Limper. Vienna and Cologne: Böhlau, 2021. Pp. 532. Hardcover €70.00. ISBN: 978-3412519759. 无事可.婴儿喂养和家庭关系奴隶。"维恩纳与科隆,伯鲁,2021年"Pp工作. 532 .图书€70.00 .书:978-3412519759 .
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0008938923000195
Friederike Kind-Kovács
Hayes was earning “outrageous sums of money” for his engagements (110)? How do we know that “applauding African American concert performers sometimes functioned as a symbolic gesture of protest against American racism” (122)? Scholars can disagree on how to interpret sources, but the material in Thurman’s book is always riveting. We learn that in 1909, “a stormy colonial debate reached parliament about a Black musician named Gustav Sabac el Cher” (91). In fact, the matter before the Reichstag was the downsizing of troops stationed in Cameroon, which provoked a lengthy speech from General Eduard von Liebert. Briefly lamenting the music budget (why did German battalions need a bass drum and why couldn’t musicians double as combat soldiers?), von Liebert mentioned a rumor that a Prussian cavalry regiment had a Black drummer and a Prussian infantry regiment had a Black “conductor or drum major.” There was, however, no debate: von Liebert (who later joined the Nazi Party) acknowledged that “race is a question normally avoided” and quickly returned to the subject of the military budget. Quibbling with details does not undermine the book’s forceful argument. For example, the sexist and racist term “pretty, exotic bird” is how one man, in 1975, recounted first seeing the Black woman who became his partner—it was not a trope in “West German magazine articles” (227)—but the fascination with sexuality and celebration of interracial unions are crucial to changes in the reception of Black musicians. The attentive reader will be surprised that musicians and institutions are reintroduced in subsequent chapters, but flawed copyediting in no way diminishes the significance of the book. Thurman’s courage to tell a different story, one suppressed for generations, will inspire musicologists and historians to listen more carefully to how race and gender were experienced in the exalted spaces of classical music.
海耶斯从他的约定中赚取了“惊人的金钱”(110)?我们怎么知道“为非裔美国人音乐会表演者鼓掌有时是一种抗议美国种族主义的象征性姿态”(122)?学者们可能对如何解释资料来源意见不一,但瑟曼书中的材料总是引人入胜。我们了解到,在1909年,“一场关于黑人音乐家Gustav Sabac el Cher的暴风雨般的殖民辩论进入了议会”(91)。事实上,摆在国会面前的问题是裁减驻扎在喀麦隆的军队,这引起了爱德华·冯·利伯特将军的长篇演讲。冯·利伯特简要地哀叹了一下音乐预算(为什么德国营需要一个低音鼓,为什么音乐家不能兼做战斗士兵?),他提到了一个谣言,一个普鲁士骑兵团有一个黑人鼓手,一个普鲁士步兵团有一个黑人“指挥或鼓手”。然而,没有争论:冯·利伯特(后来加入纳粹党)承认“种族问题通常是一个避免的问题”,并迅速回到军事预算的话题上。在细节上吹毛求疵并不会削弱书中有力的论点。例如,一个男人在1975年描述他第一次见到后来成为他伴侣的黑人女性时,用了一个带有性别歧视和种族歧视色彩的词“漂亮的异域鸟”——这不是“西德杂志文章”中的比喻(227)——但是,对性的迷恋和对跨种族结合的庆祝,对黑人音乐家接受程度的变化至关重要。细心的读者会惊讶地发现,音乐家和机构在随后的章节中被重新介绍,但有缺陷的编辑丝毫没有削弱这本书的重要性。瑟曼勇敢地讲述了一个被压抑了几代人的不同故事,这将激励音乐学家和历史学家更仔细地倾听,在古典音乐的崇高空间里,种族和性别是如何经历的。
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引用次数: 0
The Great Disappearing Act: Germans in New York City, 1880–1930 By Christina A. Ziegler-McPherson. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2022. Pp. vii + 225. Paperback $29.95. ISBN: 978-1978823181. - Philadelphia's Germans: From Colonial Settlers to Enemy Aliens By Richard N. Juliani. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2021. Pp. v + 327. Cloth $120.00. ISBN: 978-1793651792. - Germans in America: A Concise History By Walter D. Kamphoefner. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2021. Pp. vii + 301. … 伟大的消失法案:Christina A. Ziegler-McPherson 著。新不伦瑞克:罗格斯大学出版社,2022 年。第 vii + 225 页。平装本 29.95 美元。ISBN:978-1978823181。- 费城的德国人:从殖民定居者到敌国侨民 作者:Richard N. Juliani。马里兰州兰哈姆:莱克星顿图书公司,2021 年。v + 327 页。Cloth $120.00.ISBN:978-1793651792。- 德国人在美国:简明历史》 Walter D. Kamphoefner 著。Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2021.第 vii + 301 页。...
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0008938923000110
Petra DeWitt
The Great Disappearing Act: Germans in New York City, 1880–1930 By Christina A. Ziegler-McPherson. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2022. Pp. vii + 225. Paperback $38.00. ISBN: 978-1442264977. - Volume 56 Issue 2
伟大的消失法案:Christina A. Ziegler-McPherson 著。新不伦瑞克:罗格斯大学出版社,2022 年。第 vii + 225 页。平装本 38.00 美元。ISBN:978-1442264977。- 第 56 卷第 2 期
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引用次数: 0
Aftermath: Life in the Fallout of the Third Reich, 1945-1955 By Harald Jähner. Translated by Shaun Whiteside. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2022. Pp. xv + 394. Cloth $30.00. ISBN: 978-0593319734. 《后果:第三帝国余波中的生活,1945-1955》作者:哈拉尔德Jähner。肖恩·怀特塞德翻译。纽约:Alfred A. Knopf, 2022。Pp. xv + 394。布30.00美元。ISBN: 978 - 0593319734。
3区 人文科学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0008938923000183
Jason Johnson
did not rush to join the “warrior community.” This was not just due to war fatigue and a growing distrust of state-provided information, but also a general dislike of Goebbels himself and the moral and material corruption of the Nazi leadership that he represented. This is an unexpected revelation in the book, that Germans, during the final months of the war, became increasingly concerned with government corruption and the inequalities within society more generally. Lohse suggests that many citizens were reacting to the failure of the Nazis’ promised social revolution. The topic of the Holocaust, specifically the dissemination and reception of information related to mass atrocities in the East is tackled in chapter 3. Journals, letters, SD reports, and POW recordings reveal that antisemitism was prevalent among civilians and soldiers and that many Germans “knew something” (74) about the killings. Rumors of mass executions were common, but stories of death camps and gas chambers were exceedingly rare. Nearly all rumored atrocities were attributed to the SS and its much-disliked leader, Heinrich Himmler. Chapter 4 investigates the popular response to the July 20, 1944 plot against Hitler and the early stages of the Allied invasion of Germany. Again, reactions were mixed. Some citizens expressed their sustained loyalty to the regime, while others grew more resentful of the leadership. No meaningful insight is gained here, simply that German morale continued to decrease alongside internal regime radicalization and home-front mobilization. The final chapter continues to resist a singular view of the German experience of defeat. The tragic battles of 1945 were met largely with desperation, but an enduring faith in Hitler and his messianic qualities inspired many citizens to continue fighting. Total defeat did not slow down the rumor mill, as gossip spread about the Führer’s declining health and refugees from the East delivered stories of violent acts carried out by the advancing Red Army. In the book’s conclusion, Lohse reminds us that there is no single story of Germans at war, and that it was not her intention to “forge one out of the chorus of voices” (150). While she does not attempt to assess the human condition or make any broad sociological claims, Lohse’s study is ultimately about how individuals, and their communities, make sense of wartime tragedy and hopelessness. German citizens were heavily influenced by the Hitler regime and its propaganda, but ultimately they constructed their own reality, in large part by collecting informal information from family members, friends, colleagues, and comrades. They talked a lot about the war and actively built and negotiated narratives of their own experiences of it. Prevail until the Bitter End offers a myriad of rich firsthand accounts, many of them never “heard” before, and is accompanied by meaningful analysis. Furthermore, Lohse’s work contributes to the still emerging and highly promising field of r
没有急于加入“勇士社区”。这不仅仅是因为战争疲劳和对国家提供的信息越来越不信任,还因为人们普遍不喜欢戈培尔本人,以及他所代表的纳粹领导层在道德和物质上的腐败。这是书中一个意想不到的启示,在战争的最后几个月里,德国人越来越关注政府腐败和社会不平等。Lohse认为,许多公民是对纳粹承诺的社会革命失败的反应。第3章讨论了大屠杀的主题,特别是与东方大规模暴行有关的信息的传播和接受。日记、信件、SD报告和战俘录音显示,反犹主义在平民和士兵中普遍存在,许多德国人对杀戮“有所了解”(74)。关于大规模处决的传闻很常见,但关于死亡集中营和毒气室的故事却极为罕见。几乎所有传闻中的暴行都归咎于党卫军及其备受厌恶的领导人海因里希·希姆莱。第四章调查了公众对1944年7月20日反对希特勒的阴谋和盟军入侵德国的早期阶段的反应。人们的反应也是褒贬不一。一些公民表达了他们对政权的持续忠诚,而另一些人则对领导层越来越不满。这里没有获得任何有意义的见解,只是德国人的士气随着内部政权的激进化和后方的动员而继续下降。最后一章继续抵制对德国战败经历的单一看法。1945年悲剧性的战争在很大程度上是绝望的,但对希特勒和他救世主般的品质的持久信仰激励着许多公民继续战斗。彻底的失败并没有减缓谣言的传播,因为关于希特勒每况愈下的健康状况的流言四起,来自东方的难民也讲述了前进中的红军实施暴力行为的故事。在书的结语中,Lohse提醒我们,德国人在战争中并没有一个单一的故事,她也不打算“从各种声音中编造一个”(150页)。虽然她没有试图评估人类状况或提出任何广泛的社会学主张,但Lohse的研究最终是关于个人及其社区如何理解战争的悲剧和绝望。德国公民深受希特勒政权及其宣传的影响,但最终他们构建了自己的现实,很大程度上是通过从家人、朋友、同事和同志那里收集非正式信息。他们谈论了很多关于战争的事情,并积极地构建和协商了他们自己的经历。这本书提供了无数丰富的第一手资料,其中许多是以前从未“听说过”的,并附有有意义的分析。此外,Lohse的工作对谣言文化这一新兴的、极具前景的领域做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 3
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Central European History
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