Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2250
James Matthews
Background and Purpose: Older adults often need caregivers to help them age in place successfully while maximizing their quality of life. These caregivers have the highest rates of burnout, injury, and turnover. Family-centered care (FCC) involves collaboration between the healthcare practitioner and the patient, family members, and caregivers. There is a paucity of evidence on how FCC is applied to older adults and their caregivers. The purpose of this general qualitative study was to explore how a group of home health physical therapists (HHPTS) deliver FCC to care-dependent older adults. Methods: This general qualitative study used individual, semi-structured interviews with a purposeful sample of 14 HHPTs working for a variety of home health agencies in San Diego County. The interview responses were hand transcribed, hand coded, thematically analyzed, and conceptualized in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health model (ICF model). The coding table and interview guide were modified based on reviews by experts in home health physical therapy. A proprietary coding software program called NVivo was used to triangulate the results. Results and Discussion: The 3 main themes that emerged were: (a) "FCC is Complex"; (b) "FCC Impacts Older Adults' Health Factors"; and (c) FCC is Impacted by Contextual Factors". Eleven subthemes also emerged. The themese and subthemes were conceptualized within the ICF Model. The first theme demonstrated that the HHPTs had a variety of understandings of, training on, and applications with FCC. The HHTP was conceptualized as an environmental factor that could impact the patient's health based on their knowledge and skills with FCC. The second theme demonstrated that FCC was utilized to address every ICF health factor by the HHPTs. This theme was conceptualized around the entire ICF Model. Neurological conditions and motivated families were seen as large factors in performing FCC. The third theme demonstrated that a wide variety of contextual factors impacted the HHPTs ability, time, and resources to perform FCC. This was conceptualized in ICF Model as personal and environmental factors that could facilitate or inhibit ("+/-") FCC approaches by the HHPTs. Conclusions: This study closed some of the gaps in the literature on how FCC is delivered to older adult clients, their caregivers, and their family members. This knowledge may help to foster changes in FCC approaches and research. Changes like these could lead to improved health outcomes for older adults through reduced hospital readmissions and improved caregiver satisfaction with care as seen in pediatrics. Key Words: Family-centered care, home health physical therapist, caregiver satisfaction, burnout, and International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health model.
{"title":"Exploring Family-Centered Care from the Perspectives of Home-Health Physical Therapists","authors":"James Matthews","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2250","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: Older adults often need caregivers to help them age in place successfully while maximizing their quality of life. These caregivers have the highest rates of burnout, injury, and turnover. Family-centered care (FCC) involves collaboration between the healthcare practitioner and the patient, family members, and caregivers. There is a paucity of evidence on how FCC is applied to older adults and their caregivers. The purpose of this general qualitative study was to explore how a group of home health physical therapists (HHPTS) deliver FCC to care-dependent older adults. Methods: This general qualitative study used individual, semi-structured interviews with a purposeful sample of 14 HHPTs working for a variety of home health agencies in San Diego County. The interview responses were hand transcribed, hand coded, thematically analyzed, and conceptualized in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health model (ICF model). The coding table and interview guide were modified based on reviews by experts in home health physical therapy. A proprietary coding software program called NVivo was used to triangulate the results. Results and Discussion: The 3 main themes that emerged were: (a) \"FCC is Complex\"; (b) \"FCC Impacts Older Adults' Health Factors\"; and (c) FCC is Impacted by Contextual Factors\". Eleven subthemes also emerged. The themese and subthemes were conceptualized within the ICF Model. The first theme demonstrated that the HHPTs had a variety of understandings of, training on, and applications with FCC. The HHTP was conceptualized as an environmental factor that could impact the patient's health based on their knowledge and skills with FCC. The second theme demonstrated that FCC was utilized to address every ICF health factor by the HHPTs. This theme was conceptualized around the entire ICF Model. Neurological conditions and motivated families were seen as large factors in performing FCC. The third theme demonstrated that a wide variety of contextual factors impacted the HHPTs ability, time, and resources to perform FCC. This was conceptualized in ICF Model as personal and environmental factors that could facilitate or inhibit (\"+/-\") FCC approaches by the HHPTs. Conclusions: This study closed some of the gaps in the literature on how FCC is delivered to older adult clients, their caregivers, and their family members. This knowledge may help to foster changes in FCC approaches and research. Changes like these could lead to improved health outcomes for older adults through reduced hospital readmissions and improved caregiver satisfaction with care as seen in pediatrics. Key Words: Family-centered care, home health physical therapist, caregiver satisfaction, burnout, and International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health model.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135672448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.15563/jalliedhealthsci.14.23
Shota Suzuki, Masaki Shibusawa, Daigo Kato, Daisuke Uga, Keita Takagawa, Mai Goto, Naoya Wada, N. Fueki, M. Fueki, K. Dobashi
【 Objective 】 Preventing exacerbations is an important disease management goal for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended for preventing COPD exacerbations, frequent outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation is difficult due to social backgrounds. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of infrequent outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in preventing COPD exacerbations. 【 Methods 】 This 12 ‐ month retrospective study included patients with COPD who participated in outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (the pulmonary rehabilitation group) and those who received only outpatient visits (the no ‐ pulmonary rehabilitation group ) . The primary outcomes were the presence of COPD exacerbations, the number of COPD exacerbations, and the number of days to the first exacerbation. Data were collected from medical records. Then, statistical analysis was performed by comparing each item between the two groups. The Kaplan ‐ Meier method and log ‐ rank test were used to compare COPD exacerbations and the number of days to the first COPD exacerbation. 【 Results 】 There were no differences in the number of patients with COPD exacerbations and the primary outcome measures between the groups. However, the number of days to the first COPD exacerbation was significantly longer in the pulmonary rehabilitation group. 【 Discussion 】 Exacerbations were considered to be influenced by the frequency, intensity of exercise, and rehabilitation program. There was no effect on reducing the number of COPD exacerbations or the number of COPD exacerbations. However, it could be that the program promoted active lifestyles and behavioral changes and effectively extended the time to COPD exacerbation.
{"title":"Effects of low‐frequency outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in preventing COPD exacerbations","authors":"Shota Suzuki, Masaki Shibusawa, Daigo Kato, Daisuke Uga, Keita Takagawa, Mai Goto, Naoya Wada, N. Fueki, M. Fueki, K. Dobashi","doi":"10.15563/jalliedhealthsci.14.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15563/jalliedhealthsci.14.23","url":null,"abstract":"【 Objective 】 Preventing exacerbations is an important disease management goal for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended for preventing COPD exacerbations, frequent outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation is difficult due to social backgrounds. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of infrequent outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in preventing COPD exacerbations. 【 Methods 】 This 12 ‐ month retrospective study included patients with COPD who participated in outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (the pulmonary rehabilitation group) and those who received only outpatient visits (the no ‐ pulmonary rehabilitation group ) . The primary outcomes were the presence of COPD exacerbations, the number of COPD exacerbations, and the number of days to the first exacerbation. Data were collected from medical records. Then, statistical analysis was performed by comparing each item between the two groups. The Kaplan ‐ Meier method and log ‐ rank test were used to compare COPD exacerbations and the number of days to the first COPD exacerbation. 【 Results 】 There were no differences in the number of patients with COPD exacerbations and the primary outcome measures between the groups. However, the number of days to the first COPD exacerbation was significantly longer in the pulmonary rehabilitation group. 【 Discussion 】 Exacerbations were considered to be influenced by the frequency, intensity of exercise, and rehabilitation program. There was no effect on reducing the number of COPD exacerbations or the number of COPD exacerbations. However, it could be that the program promoted active lifestyles and behavioral changes and effectively extended the time to COPD exacerbation.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76156770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2297
Maryena Hernandez, Elena Miller, Laura Prieto, Luis Columna, Kevin Biese, David Bell
Purpose: The rise of sport specialization can jeopardize the opportunities for families of low socioeconomic status (SES) to participate in organized sport. However, obtaining an athletic scholarship may be a motivating factor for low SES youth to sport specialize. Yet, the experiences of low SES athletes in sport participation are not well known. Method: We used an Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore experiences of low SES families with children participating in sport and how this may be impacted by the current youth sport culture that promotes sport specialization. We engaged in semi-structured interviews with 12 low SES parents. Results: The following 4 interrelated themes emerged: (a) Benefits of youth sport participation, (b) Negatives and/or barriers to youth sport participation, (c) Strategies to get involved in youth sport, and (d) Facilitators for youth sport participation. Conclusions: Findings indicate that while low SES youth sport parents are motivated to involve their children in sports, there are many barriers that hinder their opportunities for their child to participate in organized sports. These issues are exacerbated by the current youth sport culture which emphasizes sport specialization with very few existing facilitators to involve their child in organize sport.
{"title":"The Current Youth Sport Culture and its Impact on Sport Participation Experiences of Low Socioeconomic Status Families","authors":"Maryena Hernandez, Elena Miller, Laura Prieto, Luis Columna, Kevin Biese, David Bell","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2297","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The rise of sport specialization can jeopardize the opportunities for families of low socioeconomic status (SES) to participate in organized sport. However, obtaining an athletic scholarship may be a motivating factor for low SES youth to sport specialize. Yet, the experiences of low SES athletes in sport participation are not well known. Method: We used an Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore experiences of low SES families with children participating in sport and how this may be impacted by the current youth sport culture that promotes sport specialization. We engaged in semi-structured interviews with 12 low SES parents. Results: The following 4 interrelated themes emerged: (a) Benefits of youth sport participation, (b) Negatives and/or barriers to youth sport participation, (c) Strategies to get involved in youth sport, and (d) Facilitators for youth sport participation. Conclusions: Findings indicate that while low SES youth sport parents are motivated to involve their children in sports, there are many barriers that hinder their opportunities for their child to participate in organized sports. These issues are exacerbated by the current youth sport culture which emphasizes sport specialization with very few existing facilitators to involve their child in organize sport.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135672640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.15563/jalliedhealthsci.14.32
Ryo Yonetsu, Anna Hatano, Yuri Morishita, Shigeharu Tanaka
{"title":"スマートフォンを用いた反張膝の測定方法に対する予備的研究","authors":"Ryo Yonetsu, Anna Hatano, Yuri Morishita, Shigeharu Tanaka","doi":"10.15563/jalliedhealthsci.14.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15563/jalliedhealthsci.14.32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73728408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare two methods of clinical supervision, remote and in-person, in group speech-language therapy in a university-based outpatient clinic, in terms of student clinical behaviors that occur with each method. Clinical supervision is an essential part of graduate education programs in speech-language pathology and clinical supervisors in university-based speech and hearing clinics often employ remote supervision. The professional literature concerning the impact of remote supervision on student clinical behaviors is limited. The studies found advantages and disadvantages to in-person and remote supervision and no real preference for one method was noted by participants. Method: This study compared student clinical behaviors, specifically percentage of interactional time, in remote versus in-person supervision conditions. Results: No significant difference was found between the two conditions. Conclusions: Both in-person and remote are valuable methods for clinical supervision of graduate students. There are strengths and weaknesses to both methods and graduate clinicians tend to present similar behaviors when being supervised via either method.
{"title":"Comparing Two Methods of Clinical Supervision","authors":"Heather Anderson, Sandra Hayes, Julie Smith, Stephanie Currie","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2319","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare two methods of clinical supervision, remote and in-person, in group speech-language therapy in a university-based outpatient clinic, in terms of student clinical behaviors that occur with each method. Clinical supervision is an essential part of graduate education programs in speech-language pathology and clinical supervisors in university-based speech and hearing clinics often employ remote supervision. The professional literature concerning the impact of remote supervision on student clinical behaviors is limited. The studies found advantages and disadvantages to in-person and remote supervision and no real preference for one method was noted by participants. Method: This study compared student clinical behaviors, specifically percentage of interactional time, in remote versus in-person supervision conditions. Results: No significant difference was found between the two conditions. Conclusions: Both in-person and remote are valuable methods for clinical supervision of graduate students. There are strengths and weaknesses to both methods and graduate clinicians tend to present similar behaviors when being supervised via either method.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"302 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135672443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The delivery of healthcare services by athletic trainers (ATs) has evolved over the past two years as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous research has identified an integration of telemedicine as a necessary, urgent replacement for face-to-face patient encounters in athletic training; however, there is a lack of data to support the habitual and intentional change to one’s clinical practice that includes telemedicine. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify and analyze ATs respective stages of change related to telemedicine adoption, as well as explore motivating factors and barriers related to the adoption of telemedicine. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 883 credentialed ATs. The survey contained a modified TTM stages of change assessment and 51-item telemedicine barriers and motives tool adapted from previous literature. A logistic regression was performed to assess highest level of education with telemedicine adoption status. Results: Overall, most ATs were categorized in the action, maintenance, and termination stage (n=551/882, 62.4%) for telemedicine adoption. Other participants were categorized in the stages as unaware (n=8, 0.9%), precontemplation (n=82, 9.3%), contemplation (n=78, 8.8%), and preparation (n=164, 18.6%). The logistic regression model was statistically significant (pConclusions: The results of the study suggest that most ATs have recently changed their delivery of healthcare in the last 6+ months and intend to maintain telemedicine use as part of their clinical practice. Additionally, telemedicine success was hampered by a lack of exposure but did feel that telemedicine fills gaps in patient care and addresses improved patient satisfaction. Additionally, increasing an ATs highest level of degree earned was associated with an increased likelihood of being in stage five on the modified-TTM assessment suggesting focused, professional development could sustain telemedicine use in athletic training.
{"title":"Exploring the Transtheoretical Model of Change, Barriers, and Motives to Telemedicine Adoption in Athletic Training","authors":"Gabrielle Griffin, Kenneth Games, David Gallegos, Samantha Scarneo-Miller, Amanda Kottak, Zachary Winkelmann","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2267","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The delivery of healthcare services by athletic trainers (ATs) has evolved over the past two years as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous research has identified an integration of telemedicine as a necessary, urgent replacement for face-to-face patient encounters in athletic training; however, there is a lack of data to support the habitual and intentional change to one’s clinical practice that includes telemedicine. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify and analyze ATs respective stages of change related to telemedicine adoption, as well as explore motivating factors and barriers related to the adoption of telemedicine. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 883 credentialed ATs. The survey contained a modified TTM stages of change assessment and 51-item telemedicine barriers and motives tool adapted from previous literature. A logistic regression was performed to assess highest level of education with telemedicine adoption status. Results: Overall, most ATs were categorized in the action, maintenance, and termination stage (n=551/882, 62.4%) for telemedicine adoption. Other participants were categorized in the stages as unaware (n=8, 0.9%), precontemplation (n=82, 9.3%), contemplation (n=78, 8.8%), and preparation (n=164, 18.6%). The logistic regression model was statistically significant (pConclusions: The results of the study suggest that most ATs have recently changed their delivery of healthcare in the last 6+ months and intend to maintain telemedicine use as part of their clinical practice. Additionally, telemedicine success was hampered by a lack of exposure but did feel that telemedicine fills gaps in patient care and addresses improved patient satisfaction. Additionally, increasing an ATs highest level of degree earned was associated with an increased likelihood of being in stage five on the modified-TTM assessment suggesting focused, professional development could sustain telemedicine use in athletic training.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135672635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2305
S. Andrew Cage, Lynzi Warner, Alan Cook, Rebecca Swindall, Carly Wadle, Brandon Warner
Purpose: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that impacts an individual’s ability to maintain attention span and focus their concentration at a normal level. While ADHD is one of the most well studied behavioral disorders, multiple researchers have stated the need for further research on the effects of ADHD on participation in sports. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of self-reported ADHD symptoms among collegiate student-athletes at an NCAA institution. A secondary purpose was to determine differences in self-reported ADHD symptoms based on demographic information and history of concussion. Methods: Subjects were selected for this study by retrospective review of pre-participation medical paperwork of the student-athletes of an NCAA Division II institution (n=418). A total of 110 student-athletes opened and completed the voluntary survey as part of pre-participation medical paperwork (access and response rate = 26.3%). Subjects were sent an electronic survey via email that collected demographic information and asked them to rate self-reported symptoms of ADHD using the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Results: Individuals who reported having been previously diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) or ADHD reported significantly higher scores on the first six questions of the ASRS than those who had not (ADD or ADHD Diagnosis = 21.8 ± 3.9, No ADD or ADHD Diagnosis = 14.4 ± 5.0, t(108) = 5.85, p < .001). Individuals who exceeded the threshold of 15 or higher reported significantly higher scores on the first six questions of the ASRS than those who did not report a score of 15 or higher (15 or higher = 18.7 ± 3.4, Less than 15 = 10.6 ± 2.4, t(91) = -13.45, p < .001). Of the individuals who had not been diagnosed with ADD or ADHD, 43 reported scores on the first six questions of the ASRS of 15 or higher (n=43, 46.2%). Individuals who reported English as their first language reported significantly higher scores on the first six questions of the ASRS (English as first language = 15.9 ± 5.5, English not as first language = 12.3 ± 4.5, t(108) = 2.09, p =0.039). We did not identify any significant differences in severity of self-reported ADHD symptoms between groups for sport, gender, academic year, athletic year, race, ethnicity, nationality, or history of concussion in the past 12 months. Conclusions: A substantial portion of the collegiate student-athletes surveyed reported symptoms that warrant further evaluation for ADD and ADHD despite never being diagnosed with either condition. ADHD has been shown to increase prevalence of concussion and musculoskeletal injury. Within the athletic population, ADHD often goes undiagnosed throughout childhood and early adolescence. When caring for large populations of athletes, a screening instrument for ADHD symptoms can be a valuable tool for clinicians seeking to identify patients who may require further evaluation. Better r
目的:注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种神经精神障碍，影响个体保持注意力持续时间和注意力集中在正常水平的能力。虽然多动症是被研究得最充分的行为障碍之一，但许多研究人员表示，需要进一步研究多动症对参与运动的影响。因此，本研究的目的是描述在NCAA机构的大学生运动员中自我报告的ADHD症状的患病率。第二个目的是确定基于人口统计信息和脑震荡史的自我报告ADHD症状的差异。方法:通过回顾性分析某NCAA二级院校学生运动员参赛前的医疗记录，选择研究对象(n=418)。共有110名学生运动员开启并完成了自愿调查，作为参与前医疗文书工作的一部分(访问率和回复率= 26.3%)。研究人员通过电子邮件向研究对象发送了一份电子调查，该调查收集了人口统计信息，并要求他们使用成人ADHD自我报告量表(ASRS)对自我报告的ADHD症状进行评分。结果:先前被诊断为注意缺陷障碍(ADD)或ADHD的个体在ASRS前六个问题上的得分显著高于未被诊断的个体(ADD或ADHD诊断= 21.8±3.9，未被诊断为ADD或ADHD = 14.4±5.0,t(108) = 5.85, p <措施)。超过15或更高阈值的个体在ASRS前六个问题上的得分显著高于未报告得分为15或更高的个体(15或更高= 18.7±3.4，小于15 = 10.6±2.4,t(91) = -13.45, p <措施)。在未被诊断为ADD或ADHD的个体中，43人报告ASRS前六个问题的得分为15分或更高(n=43, 46.2%)。以英语为第一语言的个体在ASRS前六个问题上的得分显著较高(以英语为第一语言= 15.9±5.5，非以英语为第一语言= 12.3±4.5,t(108) = 2.09, p =0.039)。我们没有发现在运动、性别、学年、运动年份、种族、民族、国籍或过去12个月的脑震荡史等组之间，自我报告的ADHD症状的严重程度有任何显著差异。结论:在接受调查的大学生运动员中，有相当一部分报告了值得进一步评估的ADD和ADHD症状，尽管他们从未被诊断出患有这两种疾病。ADHD已被证明会增加脑震荡和肌肉骨骼损伤的患病率。在运动人群中，多动症通常在整个童年和青春期早期都没有被诊断出来。当照顾大量的运动员时，ADHD症状的筛查仪器对临床医生来说是一个有价值的工具，可以帮助他们识别可能需要进一步评估的患者。更好地认识注意力缺陷多动障碍的症状可能会导致诊断和治疗病情的改善。
{"title":"Prevalence of Self-Reported ADHD Symptoms Among Collegiate Athletes","authors":"S. Andrew Cage, Lynzi Warner, Alan Cook, Rebecca Swindall, Carly Wadle, Brandon Warner","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2305","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that impacts an individual’s ability to maintain attention span and focus their concentration at a normal level. While ADHD is one of the most well studied behavioral disorders, multiple researchers have stated the need for further research on the effects of ADHD on participation in sports. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of self-reported ADHD symptoms among collegiate student-athletes at an NCAA institution. A secondary purpose was to determine differences in self-reported ADHD symptoms based on demographic information and history of concussion. Methods: Subjects were selected for this study by retrospective review of pre-participation medical paperwork of the student-athletes of an NCAA Division II institution (n=418). A total of 110 student-athletes opened and completed the voluntary survey as part of pre-participation medical paperwork (access and response rate = 26.3%). Subjects were sent an electronic survey via email that collected demographic information and asked them to rate self-reported symptoms of ADHD using the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Results: Individuals who reported having been previously diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) or ADHD reported significantly higher scores on the first six questions of the ASRS than those who had not (ADD or ADHD Diagnosis = 21.8 ± 3.9, No ADD or ADHD Diagnosis = 14.4 ± 5.0, t(108) = 5.85, p < .001). Individuals who exceeded the threshold of 15 or higher reported significantly higher scores on the first six questions of the ASRS than those who did not report a score of 15 or higher (15 or higher = 18.7 ± 3.4, Less than 15 = 10.6 ± 2.4, t(91) = -13.45, p < .001). Of the individuals who had not been diagnosed with ADD or ADHD, 43 reported scores on the first six questions of the ASRS of 15 or higher (n=43, 46.2%). Individuals who reported English as their first language reported significantly higher scores on the first six questions of the ASRS (English as first language = 15.9 ± 5.5, English not as first language = 12.3 ± 4.5, t(108) = 2.09, p =0.039). We did not identify any significant differences in severity of self-reported ADHD symptoms between groups for sport, gender, academic year, athletic year, race, ethnicity, nationality, or history of concussion in the past 12 months. Conclusions: A substantial portion of the collegiate student-athletes surveyed reported symptoms that warrant further evaluation for ADD and ADHD despite never being diagnosed with either condition. ADHD has been shown to increase prevalence of concussion and musculoskeletal injury. Within the athletic population, ADHD often goes undiagnosed throughout childhood and early adolescence. When caring for large populations of athletes, a screening instrument for ADHD symptoms can be a valuable tool for clinicians seeking to identify patients who may require further evaluation. Better r","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"327 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135672641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2265
Heather Anderson, Sarah Jackson, Lisa Bilich, Craig Hunt, Elizabeth Tipton
Purpose: Dental hygienists have the unique opportunity to educate patients on connections between nutrition and oral health. Dental hygiene students are introduced to these concepts but struggle to gain confidence to share this knowledge with patients. This pilot study looked at an educational module on motivational interviewing (MI) and an assessment and counseling tool to build student confidence with nutritional counseling. Methods: Dental hygiene students participated in an educational module to review MI and introduce a nutritional risk assessment and counseling tool. Prior to the module, participants completed a pretest about confidence levels regarding MI and nutritional counseling. After three weeks of clinical practice, participants completed a posttest. Data was compared for quantitative changes and qualitative themes from responses. Results: Twenty-two senior dental hygiene students (n = 22) participated in both the pretest and posttest. There were statistically significant changes in participants’ confidence (p = 0.007) and comfort (p = 0.020) discussing nutrition with patients. Participants struggled to become more confident in MI as demonstrated by no significant change in their feelings surrounding MI (p = 0.150). Students reporting increased nutritional counseling sessions showed improvement in their confidence. Conclusion: Introducing MI with an assessment and counseling tool to aid students can improve confidence with nutritional counseling. This type of education may translate into more chairside discussions about nutrition, improving overall patient care.
{"title":"Using Motivational Interviewing to Increase Confidence in Nutritional Counseling Among Dental Hygienists: A Pilot Study","authors":"Heather Anderson, Sarah Jackson, Lisa Bilich, Craig Hunt, Elizabeth Tipton","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2265","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Dental hygienists have the unique opportunity to educate patients on connections between nutrition and oral health. Dental hygiene students are introduced to these concepts but struggle to gain confidence to share this knowledge with patients. This pilot study looked at an educational module on motivational interviewing (MI) and an assessment and counseling tool to build student confidence with nutritional counseling. Methods: Dental hygiene students participated in an educational module to review MI and introduce a nutritional risk assessment and counseling tool. Prior to the module, participants completed a pretest about confidence levels regarding MI and nutritional counseling. After three weeks of clinical practice, participants completed a posttest. Data was compared for quantitative changes and qualitative themes from responses. Results: Twenty-two senior dental hygiene students (n = 22) participated in both the pretest and posttest. There were statistically significant changes in participants’ confidence (p = 0.007) and comfort (p = 0.020) discussing nutrition with patients. Participants struggled to become more confident in MI as demonstrated by no significant change in their feelings surrounding MI (p = 0.150). Students reporting increased nutritional counseling sessions showed improvement in their confidence. Conclusion: Introducing MI with an assessment and counseling tool to aid students can improve confidence with nutritional counseling. This type of education may translate into more chairside discussions about nutrition, improving overall patient care.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135672645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2300
Archana Vatwani, Melissa Morris, Cheryl Hill, Alicia Fernandez-Fernandez
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not training with a computerized stethoscope could impact Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) student cardiopulmonary assessment knowledge and confidence. Methods: Eighty-seven (87) DPT students in years 2 (DPT2s, n=39) and 3 (DPT3s, n=48) participated after previously completing a cardiopulmonary course. All subjects took a baseline test and confidence survey for cardiopulmonary skills. Two weeks later, DPT2s attended a 1-hour lab session with simulation stethoscopes and did a post-test and survey. Test scores and confidence data were compared within DPT2s, and for DPT2s vs DPT3s. Results: After training, DPT2 test scores increased significantly (p=0.005, effect size r=0.32). DPT2s also reported significant increases in confidence, with moderate effect sizes, in the following areas: respiratory physical assessment (p=0.001, r=0.37); assessing PT effectiveness for respiratory disease (p = 0.002, r=0.35); cardiovascular physical assessment (p=0.006, r=0.31); and assessing PT effectiveness for cardiovascular disease (p=0.004, r=0.32). The item “assessing PT effectiveness for most disease states” improved but did not reach statistical significance (p=0.058). DPT2s and DPT3s scored similarly in the pre-test (p=0.511), but DPT2s post-test scores were significantly better than DPT3 pre-test scores (p=0.001, r=0.33). Baseline DPT2 and DPT3 confidence scores were not significantly different, but overall DPT2 confidence post scores were significantly higher than the DPT3 baseline. Conclusions: A one-hour lab session utilizing simulated stethoscopes resulted in increased cardiorespiratory assessment knowledge and confidence. Simulated stethoscopes may be a useful didactic supplement to a cardiorespiratory curriculum.
{"title":"Does Training with a Simulation Stethoscope Facilitate the Acquisition of Cardiopulmonary Knowledge and Confidence in Doctor of Physical Therapy Students","authors":"Archana Vatwani, Melissa Morris, Cheryl Hill, Alicia Fernandez-Fernandez","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2023.2300","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not training with a computerized stethoscope could impact Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) student cardiopulmonary assessment knowledge and confidence. Methods: Eighty-seven (87) DPT students in years 2 (DPT2s, n=39) and 3 (DPT3s, n=48) participated after previously completing a cardiopulmonary course. All subjects took a baseline test and confidence survey for cardiopulmonary skills. Two weeks later, DPT2s attended a 1-hour lab session with simulation stethoscopes and did a post-test and survey. Test scores and confidence data were compared within DPT2s, and for DPT2s vs DPT3s. Results: After training, DPT2 test scores increased significantly (p=0.005, effect size r=0.32). DPT2s also reported significant increases in confidence, with moderate effect sizes, in the following areas: respiratory physical assessment (p=0.001, r=0.37); assessing PT effectiveness for respiratory disease (p = 0.002, r=0.35); cardiovascular physical assessment (p=0.006, r=0.31); and assessing PT effectiveness for cardiovascular disease (p=0.004, r=0.32). The item “assessing PT effectiveness for most disease states” improved but did not reach statistical significance (p=0.058). DPT2s and DPT3s scored similarly in the pre-test (p=0.511), but DPT2s post-test scores were significantly better than DPT3 pre-test scores (p=0.001, r=0.33). Baseline DPT2 and DPT3 confidence scores were not significantly different, but overall DPT2 confidence post scores were significantly higher than the DPT3 baseline. Conclusions: A one-hour lab session utilizing simulated stethoscopes resulted in increased cardiorespiratory assessment knowledge and confidence. Simulated stethoscopes may be a useful didactic supplement to a cardiorespiratory curriculum.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135672637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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