Pub Date : 2022-03-02DOI: 10.1007/s12142-021-00651-z
Evan W. Sandlin
{"title":"The Trump Administration Versus Human Rights: Executive Agency or Policy Inertia?","authors":"Evan W. Sandlin","doi":"10.1007/s12142-021-00651-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-021-00651-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"82 1","pages":"333 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85800966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1007/s12142-022-00661-5
Almut Schilling‐Vacaflor
{"title":"Correction to: Putting the French Duty of Vigilance Law in Context: Towards Corporate Accountability for Human Rights Violations in the Global South?","authors":"Almut Schilling‐Vacaflor","doi":"10.1007/s12142-022-00661-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-022-00661-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"8 1","pages":"41 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73911556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-25DOI: 10.1007/s12142-022-00658-0
Cristina-Ioana Dragomir, Andrew Ryder, Marius Taba, Nidhi Trehan
{"title":"Romani Communities and Transformative Change; A New Social Europe","authors":"Cristina-Ioana Dragomir, Andrew Ryder, Marius Taba, Nidhi Trehan","doi":"10.1007/s12142-022-00658-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-022-00658-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"134 1","pages":"159 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86325827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-25DOI: 10.1007/s12142-022-00659-z
Benjamin Gregg
{"title":"Correction to: Beyond Due Diligence: the Human Rights Corporation","authors":"Benjamin Gregg","doi":"10.1007/s12142-022-00659-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-022-00659-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"19 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88777939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-25DOI: 10.1007/s12142-022-00660-6
N. Bernaz
{"title":"Correction to: Conceptualizing Corporate Accountability in International Law: Models for a Business and Human Rights Treaty","authors":"N. Bernaz","doi":"10.1007/s12142-022-00660-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-022-00660-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"101 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74142379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-25DOI: 10.1007/s12142-022-00657-1
R. Clark
{"title":"Doing Justice to History Confronting the Past in International Criminal Courts by Barrie Sander","authors":"R. Clark","doi":"10.1007/s12142-022-00657-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-022-00657-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"43 1","pages":"155 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87509952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-23DOI: 10.1007/s12142-021-00648-8
A. Zahar
{"title":"Human Rights Law and the Obligation to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions","authors":"A. Zahar","doi":"10.1007/s12142-021-00648-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-021-00648-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"385 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83413014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human rights law has been called upon to help with the problem of persistently high greenhouse gas emissions. An obligation on states and other legal entities to lower their emissions (mitigation) is said to be deducible from that body of law. I refute this thesis. First, I consider two practical difficulties—causality and non-triviality—that face a plaintiff who, with emission mitigation as the objective, attempts to prove a human rights violation using the regular pattern of proof for a violation. Proponents of the “human rights approach” to mitigation have held that proof of an emission “contribution” by the defendant together with proof of an “impact” by climate change on the plaintiff’s human rights are sufficient to discharge the evidentiary burden for the proof of causation. The rest of the causation chain is simply presumed. Thus, the original proof pattern for a human rights violation is abandoned. The proponents’ answer to the triviality difficulty has been to aggregate emitters into very large entities and sue them . However, aggregation can be shown to lead to a reductio ad absurdum . In my argument’s second part, I identify a more fundamental difficulty with the human rights approach to mitigation: The defendant’s emissions do not amount to a norm violation. Everyone contributes emissions without legislative or other prohibition. Treaty law on climate change itself recognizes emitting behaviour as lawful and permits the continuation of state emissions through to at least 2050. A rise in global warming from preindustrial levels to 1.5° Celsius with room for an even greater rise to close to 2° Celsius has been budgeted for by the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. The setting up of a budget affirms the normalized status of within-budget emissions. This universal license to emit denies the human rights approach to mitigation the very conditions of application of human rights law.
{"title":"Human Rights Law and the Obligation to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions","authors":"A. Zahar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3952563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3952563","url":null,"abstract":"Human rights law has been called upon to help with the problem of persistently high greenhouse gas emissions. An obligation on states and other legal entities to lower their emissions (mitigation) is said to be deducible from that body of law. I refute this thesis. First, I consider two practical difficulties—causality and non-triviality—that face a plaintiff who, with emission mitigation as the objective, attempts to prove a human rights violation using the regular pattern of proof for a violation. Proponents of the “human rights approach” to mitigation have held that proof of an emission “contribution” by the defendant together with proof of an “impact” by climate change on the plaintiff’s human rights are sufficient to discharge the evidentiary burden for the proof of causation. The rest of the causation chain is simply presumed. Thus, the original proof pattern for a human rights violation is abandoned. The proponents’ answer to the triviality difficulty has been to aggregate emitters into very large entities and sue them . However, aggregation can be shown to lead to a reductio ad absurdum . In my argument’s second part, I identify a more fundamental difficulty with the human rights approach to mitigation: The defendant’s emissions do not amount to a norm violation. Everyone contributes emissions without legislative or other prohibition. Treaty law on climate change itself recognizes emitting behaviour as lawful and permits the continuation of state emissions through to at least 2050. A rise in global warming from preindustrial levels to 1.5° Celsius with room for an even greater rise to close to 2° Celsius has been budgeted for by the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. The setting up of a budget affirms the normalized status of within-budget emissions. This universal license to emit denies the human rights approach to mitigation the very conditions of application of human rights law.","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85244705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-17DOI: 10.1007/s12142-021-00652-y
Kirstin Wagner, S. Bartels, Sanne Weber, Sabine Lee
{"title":"UNsupported: The Needs and Rights of Children Fathered by UN Peacekeepers in the Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Kirstin Wagner, S. Bartels, Sanne Weber, Sabine Lee","doi":"10.1007/s12142-021-00652-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-021-00652-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"19 1","pages":"305 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72654918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01Epub Date: 2022-03-14DOI: 10.1007/s12142-022-00656-2
René Wolfsteller, Yingru Li
Since the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) were adopted by the UN Human Rights Council in 2011, they have diffused into policy frameworks, laws, and regulations across the globe. This special issue seeks to advance the interdisciplinary field of human rights research by examining key elements of the emerging transnational regime for the regulation of business and human rights. In seven original contributions, scholars from political science, law, accounting, and philosophy critically reflect on the theoretical foundations of the UNGPs, they analyze the effectiveness of implementation mechanisms and current regulatory practice, and they advance proposals for the future development of the business and human rights regime. In this introduction, we prepare the ground for these analyses, proceeding in three steps. Firstly, we argue that the adoption of the UNGPs has triggered a norm cascade which requires a distinctive, empirically oriented research agenda focusing on the scope, governance, and effectiveness of corporate human rights accountability norms and instruments. Secondly, we explain how the articles in this special issue contribute to that research agenda by addressing these themes. Thirdly, we provide an overview of the individual contributions and point out avenues for future research.
{"title":"Business and Human Rights Regulation After the UN Guiding Principles: Accountability, Governance, Effectiveness.","authors":"René Wolfsteller, Yingru Li","doi":"10.1007/s12142-022-00656-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12142-022-00656-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) were adopted by the UN Human Rights Council in 2011, they have diffused into policy frameworks, laws, and regulations across the globe. This special issue seeks to advance the interdisciplinary field of human rights research by examining key elements of the emerging transnational regime for the regulation of business and human rights. In seven original contributions, scholars from political science, law, accounting, and philosophy critically reflect on the theoretical foundations of the UNGPs, they analyze the effectiveness of implementation mechanisms and current regulatory practice, and they advance proposals for the future development of the business and human rights regime. In this introduction, we prepare the ground for these analyses, proceeding in three steps. Firstly, we argue that the adoption of the UNGPs has triggered a norm cascade which requires a distinctive, empirically oriented research agenda focusing on the scope, governance, and effectiveness of corporate human rights accountability norms and instruments. Secondly, we explain how the articles in this special issue contribute to that research agenda by addressing these themes. Thirdly, we provide an overview of the individual contributions and point out avenues for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":45171,"journal":{"name":"Human Rights Review","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8919353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10255641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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