Interventional Medicine and Applied Science最新文献

Background and aims: Various studies have demonstrated that different rest intervals and set-repetition have a significant effect on hormonal and metabolic responses. These factors can lead to different muscle damage responses.

Methods: Forty untrained subjects (25.4 ± 0.068 years, height: 1.74 ± 0.97 cm, and weight: 30.8 ± 8.48 kg) in three sessions of eccentric resistance exercise with 24-h rest between each session participated in this study. Subjects were divided into four groups of 10 subjects who performed 50 eccentric contractions with different number of 5 and 10 sets, 5 and 10 repetitions, and the interset rest interval 1 and 3 min with 85% of one repetition maximum (1RM). Creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were measured immediately before each session, immediately after each session, and 24 h after the last training session. Variance analysis with repeated measurement and Bonferroni post hoc test were used for statistical analysis of data.

Results: There is no significant difference in creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase between four groups at different time points (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The repetition of eccentric exercise for three consecutive days causes muscle damage that is independent of manipulating the interset rest intervals and the number of set-repetition.

Background: Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is suggested to be involved in the occurrence of insulin resistance. There are contradictory studies about the effects of exercise training on RBP4 levels and insulin resistance. Hence, we designed this study to investigate the impact of moderate endurance training on gastrocnemius RBP4 and insulin resistance in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Method: Forty male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: healthy control (HC), diabetic control (DC), healthy training (HT), and diabetic training (DT). Animals in HT and DT groups ran on a treadmill on the basis of overload principle for 6 weeks, three sessions per week. Rats in DC and DT groups are affected by diabetes using STZ (50 mg/kg of body weight). Gastrocnemius RBP4 content was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance at P < 0.05 level.

Results: Serum blood glucose level (P = 0.001) and insulin resistance (P = 0.001) increased in DC compared with HC group, whereas serum insulin (P = 0.001) and gastrocnemius RBP4 (P = 0.001) reduced. However, there were no significant differences between serum blood glucose level (P = 0.384), insulin resistance (P = 0.999), and RBP4 (P = 0.999) content in DT compared with HT group.

Conclusion: Moderate endurance training reduces blood glucose level and subsequently improves insulin sensitivity by decreasing gastrocnemius RBP4 content independent of insulin.

Introduction: During the manufacturing of sterile drugs, it is of the utmost importance to meet the minimum requirements for asepsis recommended by the legislations on good manufacturing practices-based efficient environmental monitoring.

Aims and methods: The availability of relatively simple to use matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectromtomy (MALDI-TOF MS) devices in the last years has changed the laboratory workflows for the microbial identification, mainly in the clinical area. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the suitability of the MALDI-TOF MS technique for the identification of bacteria isolated from the environment of clean rooms used in some stages of the production of a viral vaccine. Eighteen known bacterial species commonly isolated from clean rooms studied were identified by MALDI-TOF technique and by a biochemical technique (BBL Crystal^® System).

Results: Performance of MALDI-TOF MS was better than biochemical technique for correct species identifications (88.89% and 38.89%, respectively) and produced less unreliable identification (5.55% and 22.22%).

Conclusion: MALDI-TOF MS can be implemented for routine identification of bacteria in a pharmaceutical quality control laboratory, but as a database-dependent system, maybe some isolated not identified by this technique must be additionally studied and, if appropriate, added to an in-house database.

An 88-year-old male patient of high surgical risk was presented with left sciatic pain symptoms and a palpable pulsatile left lower abdominal mass. He was operated 8 years ago for a large infrarenal aortic aneurysm. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed a giant 161 mm left internal iliac aneurysm with multilocular appearance and left sacral bone erosion causing the symptoms. Endovascular repair was successfully performed using a monotubular iliac stent-graft. Follow-up CTA showed absence of contrast enhancement and a fully thrombosed sac. Patient recovered completely and was discharged 1 month after the procedure in a relatively good condition, nevertheless sciatic symptoms remained.

Objective: We investigated whether the ultrasonographic measurement of maternal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness in the second trimester played a role in predicting gestational diabetes.

Materials and methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study in which 223 women were classified as healthy (n = 177) or as gestational diabetes (n = 46) on the basis of a negative or positive two-step oral Glucose Challenge Test (GCT), respectively. The depth of the abdominal SAT was evaluated by two-dimensional ultrasonography. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist/hip ratio were determined.

Results: There was a positive strong significant correlation between a 50-g GCT level and BMI, WC, and SAT thickness (p < 0.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed SAT thickness above 16.75 mm predicted gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with a sensitivity of 71.7%, a specificity of 57.1%, a positive predictive value of 32.3%, and a negative predictive value of 87.6%. There was a good correlation between SAT, BMI, and WC.

Conclusion: Increased SAT, BMI, and WC measurements may be helpful in predicting the risk of the development of GDM in pregnant women.

Background: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme is known enzyme with, aryl esterase, phosphatase, peroxidase, and lactonase activities. According to some studies, the activity of PON1 enzyme is decreased in type 2 diabetic patients. We analyzed the enzyme activity and its single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distribution on promoter regions (-108, -126, and -162) in type 2 diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic individuals to reveal the likely relationship between PON1 activity and its gene promoter polymorphisms.

Methods: On the whole, 98 diabetic and 104 non-diabetic individuals were examined in this study. The enzyme activity and the genotypes were studied using spectrophotometry, real-time PCR-HRM, and sequencing techniques, respectively.

Results: There was no meaningful difference in enzyme activity between two under-studied groups (P.V = 0.671). Moreover, no meaningful difference was also seen between two groups in terms of the frequency of polymorphism -108 (P.V = 0.277). The frequencies of SNPs -126 and -162, however, showed a meaningful difference between two groups (P.V = 0.000 and P.V = 0.017, respectively).

Conclusions: We indicated PON1 activity could be similar in DM-2 patients and non-DM-2 individuals. The significant role of SNP -108 in PON1 activity in DM-2 patients compared with non-DM-2 individuals was confirmed in the study too. On the other hand, the role of -162 and -126 SNPs in causing diabetes cannot be easily overlook because of a meaningful difference of their distribution in understudied groups. However, they may be attributed to DM-2-associated genes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors contributing to gingival recession among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Methods: Records of 100 Caucasian patients who completed orthodontic treatment were evaluated before and after treatment. Intercanine and molar widths, arch perimeter, arch depth, and keratinized gingival height were measured for both arches. The association of orthodontic treatment strategy (changing incisal inclination, expansion, and extraction), keratinized gingival height, and various other measurements with gingival recession was evaluated by using generalized linear mixed models with logistic regression analysis.

Results: For each 1 mm increase in pre- and post-treatment keratinized gingival height, there was 0.77 and 0.51 times lower odds of gingival recession. For each 1 mm increase in post-treatment intercanine width, there was 0.80 times lower odds of gingival recession. And for each 1 mm increase in change in the arch depth, there was 1.16 times higher odds of gingival recession. For each 1 mm increase in pre- and post-treatment mandibular symphysis width, there was 0.47 and 0.39 times lower odds of gingival recession.

Conclusion: Regardless of the type of orthodontic treatment, increased keratinized gingival height, mandibular symphysis width, and post-treatment intercanine width lower the risk of gingival recession.

The goal of this study was to investigate the fetal renal vascularization during the third trimester of gestation and the perinatal outcome in pregnancies diagnosed with hypertension. Depending on the medical history, the cases were divided into two groups: chronic hypertension (CHT) group and gestational hypertension (GHT) group. The vascularization and the volume of kidneys were observed in prenatal period by three-dimensional ultrasound. We monitored gestations and perinatal complications. Renal volume and vascularization were detected in 45 cases complicated by GHT and 21 cases with CHT during the 20-month study period. The alteration in fetal renal volume and vascularization may be an in utero cause of subsequent intrauterine and neonatal complications, such as cesarean section because of fetal distress (36%), perinatal infection (24%), treatment in neonatal intensive care unit (39%), or increased perinatal mortality (1%) in affected cases. The results demonstrate that fetuses with depressed vascularization of medullae had 1.5 times the risk of an abnormal outcome compared with the control group. The volume of kidneys had a strong correlation with their vascularization. Detailed ultrasound examinations of renal parenchyma appear to be useful for the prenatal diagnosis of intrauterine hypoxia, allowing the detection of potential pathological fetal conditions in utero.

Background: Vertebral fractures (VFs) are the most usual convolution of metastatic tumors and the vertebral column is the third most ordinary site for painful bone metastases and remains a chief factor of morbidity in cancer patients.

Methods: In this paper, we investigated the previous literature on the status of clinical and prospects for the use of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) with polymethylmethacrylate as a remedial alternative for the therapy of refractory pain resulting from malignant vertebral compression and pathologic fractures associated with metastatic tumors of various sites in numerous studies. The scientific document for this remedy, containing safety, immediate and long-term efficacy, and outcome measures, and also the risks of complications, was analyzed in detail.

Results: PVP is a safe, feasible, reliable, effective, and useful procedure, a minimally invasive treatment, and a significant tool for reduction of pain and the relief of pain symptoms.

Conclusions: This method can be employed as a further or narcotic remedy in elected patients. The techniques of PVP present a novel alternative therapy for diverse metastases with potentially large application.

Aim: The study was intended to evaluate relationship of common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) with coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) and to assess clinical profile of patients to determine the predictors of coronary ISR.

Methods: This was a single-center, case-control study performed between December 2012 and February 2015 in India. The study population consisted of PCI-treated patients with ISR (n = 32) and those without any post-PCI symptoms at least 6 months prior to the study period (n = 40). Quantitative coronary angiography was performed in patients to determine ISR.

Results: Average CIMT for cases and controls was 0.96 ± 0.23 and 0.66 ± 0.09 mm (OR = 57, p < 0.001), respectively. CIMT was <0.8 mm in 25% of cases and 95% of controls. On multivariate analysis, presence of hypertension (OR = 10.79, p = 0.026) and higher stent diameter (OR = 14.87, p = 0.039) were independently associated with increased presence of ISR. CIMT <0.8 mm (OR = 0.03, p = 0.025), STEMI (OR = 0.03, p = 0.004), and estimated glomerular filtration rate >50 ml/min (OR = 0.005, p = 0.014) were independently associated with lower presence of ISR.

Conclusions: Elevated CIMT appears to be an independent risk indicator for increased ISR. As CIMT is a non-invasive parameter, post-PCI follow-up measurements of CIMT in routine clinical practice will provide potential benefits to predict the restenosis rates.