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The Reflective Fostering Programme fidelity rating scale: development and inter-rater reliability 反思性培养计划保真度评定量表:发展与评分者间信度
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-01-2022-0002
N. Midgley, Antonella Cirasola, Eva A. Sprecher, S. Redfern, Hannah Wright, Beth Rider, Peter Martin
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to describe the development of the 14-item reflective fostering fidelity rating (RFFR), an observational rating system to evaluate model fidelity of group facilitators in the Reflective Fostering Programme (RFP), a mentalisation-based psychoeducation programme to support foster carers. The authors assess usability, dimensionality, inter-rater reliability and discriminative ability of the RFFR.Design/methodology/approachEighty video clip extracts documenting 20 RFP sessions were independently rated by four raters using the RFFR. The dimensionality of the RFFR was assessed using principal components analysis. Inter-rater agreement was assessed using the intra-class correlation coefficient.FindingsThe proportion of missing ratings was low at 2.8%. A single principal component summarised over 90% of the variation in ratings for each rater. The inter-rater reliability of individual item ratings was poor-to-moderate, but a summary score had acceptable inter-rater reliability. The authors present evidence that the RFFR can distinguish RFP sessions that differ in treatment fidelity.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first investigation and report of the RFFR’s validity in assessing the programme fidelity of the RFP. The paper concludes that the RFFR is an appropriate rating measure for treatment fidelity of the RFP and useful for the purposes of both quality control and supervision.
目的本研究的目的是描述14项反思性寄养保真度评级(RFFR)的发展,这是一个观察性评级系统,用于评估反思性寄养计划(RFP)中小组辅导员的模型保真度,这是基于心理的心理教育计划,旨在支持寄养照顾者。作者评估了RFFR的可用性、维度、评分者间的可靠性和辨别能力。设计/方法/方法由四名评分者使用RFFR对记录20次RFP会议的80段视频片段进行了独立评分。RFFR的维度使用主成分分析进行评估。使用类内相关系数评估评分者之间的一致性。发现缺失评级的比例较低,为2.8%。单个主要成分概括了每个评级者90%以上的评级变化。单项评分的评分者间可靠性为差到中等,但汇总得分具有可接受的评分者之间可靠性。作者提出的证据表明,RFFR可以区分治疗保真度不同的RFP会话。独创性/价值据作者所知,这是第一份关于RFFR在评估RFP计划保真度方面的有效性的调查和报告。本文得出的结论是,RFFR是衡量RFP治疗保真度的适当评级措施,对质量控制和监督都很有用。
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引用次数: 0
Hearing from justice-involved, care experienced children: what are their experiences of residential care environments and regimes? 听取相关司法人员、有护理经验的儿童的意见:他们对寄宿护理环境和制度有何体验?
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-02-2022-0011
Anne M. Day, Andrew Clark, N. Hazel
PurposeThe disproportionate representation in juvenile justice systems of children who are, or have been, in the care of the state is a major cause of concern internationally. However, the experiences of this particular group are largely absent from both policy debates and the international research base. This paper aims to correct that deficit by exploring the lived experiences of residential care, justice-involved children.Design/methodology/approachAn interpretivist investigation of care experienced children’s perceptions of their experiences, involving semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 19 children in England who were simultaneously in residential care and subject to youth justice supervision. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis.FindingsCare-experienced children described how their experiences of residential care environments and regimes have undermined their sense of how they see themselves, now and looking to the future. Against this background of disrupted identity, they also reported stigmatising interactions with staff that leave them feeling labelled both as a generic “looked-after child” and as a “bad kid”.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings are based on the perceptions of a group of children in the criminal justice system, which, although reflecting the experiences of those with negative outcomes, may not be representative of all children in residential care.Practical implicationsThe findings have implications for those responsible for the care and development of care-experienced children, as well policymakers concerned with reducing the numbers of care-experienced children in youth justice. Those responsible for the care and development of care-experienced children should consider steps to reduce how factors outlined here disrupt a child’s sense of self and introduce criminogenic labelling and stigma.Originality/valueDespite a number of studies seeking to understand why the number of care experienced children in the youth justice system is disproportionate, there is very little empirical work that seeks to understand the experiences and perceptions of children currently both in care and the criminal justice system. This paper seeks to correct this deficit, by detailing how children who are both in residential care and subject to youth justice supervision view their care experiences. The implications of this for policy, practice and further research are then explored.
目的正在或曾经由国家照顾的儿童在少年司法系统中的比例过高是国际上关注的一个主要原因。然而,这一特定群体的经验在很大程度上没有出现在政策辩论和国际研究基础上。本文旨在通过探索儿童寄宿照料、司法参与的生活体验来纠正这一缺陷。设计/方法/方法一项对护理体验儿童对其经历的感知的解释主义调查,包括对英格兰19名儿童的有目的样本进行半结构化访谈,这些儿童同时接受寄宿护理并接受青少年司法监督。数据采用专题内容分析法进行分析。FindingsCare经验丰富的儿童描述了他们在寄宿护理环境和制度中的经历如何削弱了他们对自己、现在和未来的看法。在这种身份被破坏的背景下,他们还报告了与工作人员的污名化互动,这让他们觉得自己被贴上了“被照顾的孩子”和“坏孩子”的标签。研究局限性/含义这些发现是基于刑事司法系统中一群儿童的看法,尽管反映了那些有负面结果的儿童的经历,但可能并不能代表所有寄宿儿童。实际意义研究结果对那些负责照顾和发展有照顾经验的儿童的人,以及在青年司法中减少有照顾经验儿童数量的政策制定者都有意义。那些负责照顾和发展有照顾经验的儿童的人应该考虑采取措施,减少这里概述的因素如何破坏儿童的自我意识,并引入犯罪标签和污名。独创性/价值尽管有许多研究试图了解为什么青少年司法系统中有护理经验的儿童数量不成比例,但很少有实证研究试图了解目前在护理和刑事司法系统中儿童的经历和看法。本文试图纠正这一缺陷,详细介绍了接受寄宿照顾和接受青少年司法监督的儿童如何看待他们的照顾经历。然后探讨了这对政策、实践和进一步研究的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Achieving agreement on service needs in child protection. Comparing children’s, mothers’ and practitioners’ views over time and between approaches 就儿童保护方面的服务需求达成一致。随着时间的推移以及不同方法之间比较儿童、母亲和从业者的观点
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-12-2021-0052
Elina Aaltio, Sirpa Kannasoja
PurposeWhile studies on service users’ participation and their perceptions on the quality of services exist, agreement between family members’ and practitioners’ assessments of the family’s situation has received less interest. The purpose of this paper is to investigate agreement and its effect on outcomes by comparing the viewpoints of three groups of informants (children, mothers and practitioners) in the context of statutory child protection in two study groups – one applying a systemic approach (SPM) and a service-as-usual control group (SAU).Design/methodology/approachA quasi-experimental repeated-measures study design was applied. Outcome data comprised 112 cases (SPM cases n = 56 and SAU cases n = 56) at three sites. Data was collected from all participants at baseline and six months later.FindingsFirst, practitioners’ analyses of a child’s need for protection did not meet family members’ expressed need for help. Second, child–mother agreement on the need for service intervention at T1 predicted a decrease in practitioner-assessed abuse or neglect from T1 to T2. In this sample, no differences were found between the two groups.Originality/valueThis study highlights the importance of making explicit the viewpoints of children, parents and practitioners in casework and research to improve understanding of how their perspectives differ over the course of the process and how possible initial disagreements affect outcomes.
目的虽然有关于服务用户参与度及其对服务质量的看法的研究,但家庭成员和从业者对家庭状况的评估之间的一致性却不太受关注。本文的目的是通过比较两个研究组中三组知情者(儿童、母亲和从业者)在法定儿童保护背景下的观点来调查一致性及其对结果的影响——一组采用系统方法(SPM),另一组采用照常服务对照组(SAU)应用了设计。结果数据包括三个部位的112例病例(SPM病例n=56和SAU病例n=56)。数据是在基线和六个月后从所有参与者那里收集的。发现首先,从业者对儿童保护需求的分析没有满足家庭成员表达的帮助需求。其次,儿童-母亲在T1时对服务干预需求的一致性预测,从T1到T2,医生评估的虐待或忽视会减少。在这个样本中,两组之间没有发现差异。独创性/价值这项研究强调了在个案工作和研究中明确儿童、父母和从业者的观点的重要性,以更好地理解他们的观点在整个过程中的差异,以及最初可能的分歧如何影响结果。
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引用次数: 0
Why is reporting so hard? Barriers to fulfilling the duty to report among community nurses in Israel 为什么报道这么难?以色列社区护士履行报告义务的障碍
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-02-2022-0009
Yael Sela Vilensky, K. Grinberg, Y. Yisaschar-Mekuzas
PurposeThis study aims to identify the barriers that prevent community nurses in Israel from reporting cases of child maltreatment.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative study included interviews of 20 community nurses using questions that focused on the following subjects: knowledge of the law and reporting methods, barriers to reporting and the nurses’ outlook on child abuse.FindingsNurses felt they have a lack of the professional knowledge needed to identify suspicious signs. Furthermore, finding indicates that there is a lack of understanding regarding the term “reasonable suspicion” under the law among nurses, and a lack of familiarity with the postreporting procedure. The duty to report is not, by itself, sufficient to increase the rate of reporting. The training in this area is insufficient.Practical implicationsPolicymakers must formulate clear rules to identify various forms of harm in children and determine the existence of a “reasonable basis” to believe that a crime has been committed among community nurses in Israel so that they can fulfill their legal and moral duty.Originality/valueReporting abuse is a professional duty enshrined in law. The enactment of this law in Israel in 1989 created a new reality, designating a legal and moral obligation, on the part of society in general, as well as professionals, to break the code of silence surrounding child abuse. However, the present findings suggest that the rates of reporting among community nurses remain low. As of yet, no research has been conducted as to why nurses are not reporting suspected cases of abuse in Israel, despite the continued existence of this law.
目的本研究旨在确定阻碍以色列社区护士报告儿童虐待案件的障碍。设计/方法/方法一项定性研究包括对20名社区护士的访谈,问题集中在以下主题:法律知识和报告方法,报告障碍和护士对虐待儿童的看法。护士认为自己缺乏识别可疑症状所需的专业知识。此外,调查结果表明,护士对法律规定的“合理怀疑”一词缺乏理解,对报告后程序缺乏熟悉。报告义务本身并不足以提高报告率。这方面的培训是不够的。政策制定者必须制定明确的规则,以确定对儿童的各种形式的伤害,并确定是否存在“合理的依据”,以相信以色列社区护士已经犯下了罪行,以便他们能够履行其法律和道德责任。原创性/价值滥用报告是法律规定的职业义务。1989年在以色列颁布的这项法律创造了一种新的现实,规定了整个社会以及专业人员在法律和道德上有义务打破围绕虐待儿童的沉默准则。然而,目前的研究结果表明,社区护士的报告率仍然很低。到目前为止,还没有研究表明,尽管这项法律继续存在,为什么以色列的护士不报告疑似虐待案件。
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引用次数: 0
Scoping child mental health service capacity in South Africa disadvantaged communities: community provider perspectives 界定南非弱势社区的儿童心理健康服务能力:社区提供者的观点
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-05-2022-0017
Abyshey Nhedzi, S. Haffejee, M. O’Reilly, P. Vostanis
PurposeThis study aims to establish the perspectives of community providers on challenges and enablers in developing child mental health capacity in disadvantaged communities in South Africa.Design/methodology/approachThe authors involved 29 community providers operating in a large urban-deprived area in the Gauteng Province, east of Johannesburg. Community providers had educational, social and health care backgrounds. Their perspectives were captured through three focus groups, two participatory workshops and reflective diaries. Data were integrated and subjected to inductive thematic analysis.FindingsThree interlinked themes were identified. Community mobilization was viewed as pre-requisite through mental health awareness and strategies to engage children, youth and parents. Service provision should take into consideration contextual factors, predominantly inequalities, lack of basic needs and gender-based issues (domestic violence, teenage pregnancy and single motherhood). Participants referred to severe mental health needs, and related to physical health conditions, disabilities and impairments, rather than to common mental health problems or wellbeing. They proposed that capacity building should tap into existing resources and integrate with support systems through collaborative working.Practical implicationsChild mental health policy and service design in Majority World Countries (MWCs), should involve all informal and structural support systems and stakeholders. Contextual factors require consideration, especially in disadvantaged communities and low-resource settings, and should be addressed through joined up working.Originality/valueChildren’s mental health needs are largely unmet in MWC-disadvantaged communities. These findings capture the experiences and perspectives of various community providers on how to enhance mental health provision by mobilizing communities and resources.
目的本研究旨在建立社区提供者对南非弱势社区发展儿童心理健康能力的挑战和促进因素的看法。设计/方法/方法作者参与了约翰内斯堡东部豪登省一个大型城市贫困地区的29名社区提供者。社区提供者具有教育、社会和医疗保健背景。他们的观点通过三个重点小组、两个参与式研讨会和反思日记得以体现。对数据进行了整合,并进行了归纳专题分析。发现发现了三个相互关联的主题。通过提高儿童、青年和家长的心理健康意识和参与战略,社区动员被视为先决条件。提供服务应考虑到背景因素,主要是不平等、缺乏基本需求和基于性别的问题(家庭暴力、少女怀孕和单身母亲)。参与者提到了严重的心理健康需求,并与身体健康状况、残疾和损伤有关,而不是常见的心理健康问题或幸福感。他们建议,能力建设应利用现有资源,并通过协作与支助系统相结合。实际意义世界多数国家的儿童心理健康政策和服务设计应涉及所有非正式和结构性支持系统和利益攸关方。背景因素需要考虑,特别是在弱势社区和资源匮乏的环境中,应该通过联合工作来解决。独创性/价值在MWC弱势社区,儿童的心理健康需求在很大程度上没有得到满足。这些发现反映了各种社区提供者关于如何通过动员社区和资源来加强心理健康服务的经验和观点。
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引用次数: 2
Guest editorial 客座编辑
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-09-2022-087
Carlene Firmin, Kristine Hickle, Susan Rayment-McHugh
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引用次数: 0
Parent, carer and professional views of specialist child and adolescent mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19大流行期间儿童和青少年心理卫生保健专家的家长、照顾者和专业观点
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-09-2021-0036
P. Archard, E. Giles, Isobel Moore, S. Awhangansi, S. Fitzpatrick, Leanne Kulik, M. O’Reilly
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report findings from a service evaluation undertaken within a single specialist child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) team. The team works closely with local authority children’s services to serve specific populations recognised as experiencing higher levels of mental health need, including children living in alternative care and with adoptive families. The evaluation sought to better understand the experience of this provision during the COVID-19 pandemic and concomitant increase in remote and digitally mediated care delivery.Design/methodology/approachAnalysis of the accounts of 38 parents, carers and professionals involved with the team gathered via telephone interviews and email and postal questionnaires.FindingsSimilar views were expressed from participants involved with the team before and following the onset of the pandemic. Overall, satisfaction was high; however, changes in care appeared more challenging for those already involved with the team before the pandemic. Differences in experience between groups were also evident. Whereas foster carers’ accounts were generally appreciative of the involvement of clinicians, particularly regarding clinician–patient relationships, amongst adoptive parents and members of children’s birth families there were more mixed and negative impressions.Originality/valueLocally based service evaluations can help inform care pathway planning in specialist CAMHS provision as part of wider quality improvement initiatives. This is especially relevant considering the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic and as the longer-term acceptability of remote working practices is appraised.
目的:本论文的目的是报告在一个儿童和青少年心理健康服务(CAMHS)专家团队中进行的服务评估的结果。该小组与地方当局儿童服务部门密切合作,为被认为有较高心理健康需求的特定人群提供服务,包括生活在替代照料机构和收养家庭的儿童。评估旨在更好地了解在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间提供这一服务的经验,以及随之而来的远程和数字媒介医疗服务的增加。设计/方法/方法通过电话访谈、电子邮件和邮寄问卷,对38名参与团队的家长、护理人员和专业人员的账户进行分析。调查结果在大流行发生之前和之后,参与小组的参与者也表达了类似的观点。总体而言,满意度很高;然而,对于那些在大流行之前就已经参与该团队的人来说,护理方面的变化似乎更具挑战性。各组之间的经验差异也很明显。尽管寄养照顾者的描述通常对临床医生的参与表示赞赏,特别是在临床医生与病人的关系方面,但在养父母和孩子的出生家庭成员中,他们的印象更为复杂和负面。作为更广泛的质量改进举措的一部分,基于本地的服务评估可以帮助告知专业CAMHS提供的护理路径规划。考虑到2019冠状病毒病大流行的影响,以及评估远程工作做法的长期可接受性,这一点尤其重要。
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引用次数: 0
Scientific accompaniment: a new model for integrating program development, evidence and evaluation 科学的陪伴:一种整合项目开发、证据和评估的新模式
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-09-2021-0037
Patricia Lannen, L. Jones
PurposeCalls for the development and dissemination of evidence-based programs to support children and families have been increasing for decades, but progress has been slow. This paper aims to argue that a singular focus on evaluation has limited the ways in which science and research is incorporated into program development, and advocate instead for the use of a new concept, “scientific accompaniment,” to expand and guide program development and testing.Design/methodology/approachA heuristic is provided to guide research–practice teams in assessing the program’s developmental stage and level of evidence.FindingsIn an idealized pathway, scientific accompaniment begins early in program development, with ongoing input from both practitioners and researchers, resulting in programs that are both effective and scalable. The heuristic also provides guidance for how to “catch up” on evidence when program development and science utilization are out of sync.Originality/valueWhile implementation models provide ideas on improving the use of evidence-based practices, social service programs suffer from a significant lack of research and evaluation. Evaluation resources are typically not used by social service program developers and collaboration with researchers happens late in program development, if at all. There are few resources or models that encourage and guide the use of science and evaluation across program development.
几十年来,要求制定和传播以证据为基础的项目来支持儿童和家庭的呼声一直在增加,但进展缓慢。本文的目的是论证对评估的单一关注已经限制了将科学和研究纳入程序开发的方式,并主张使用一个新的概念,“科学伴奏”来扩展和指导程序开发和测试。设计/方法/方法提供了一种启发式方法来指导研究实践团队评估项目的发展阶段和证据水平。在一个理想的途径中,科学的陪伴在项目开发的早期就开始了,伴随着从业人员和研究人员不断的投入,导致项目既有效又可扩展。当程序开发和科学利用不同步时,启发式还提供了如何“赶上”证据的指导。原创性/价值虽然实施模式为改进循证实践的使用提供了思路,但社会服务项目严重缺乏研究和评估。社会服务项目的开发人员通常不会使用评估资源,与研究人员的合作发生在项目开发的后期,如果有的话。很少有资源或模型鼓励和指导跨项目开发使用科学和评估。
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引用次数: 0
Implementing the contextual safeguarding approach: a study in one local authority 实施情境保护方法:对一个地方当局的研究
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-10-2021-0043
Nathaniel Wilson, Clive Diaz, Juan Usubillaga
PurposeThis study aims to explore how local authority child and family practitioners understood and implement the contextual safeguarding approach focusing, in particular, on what practitioners felt supported and hindered implementation.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study drew upon semi-structured interviews and focus groups to explore the perspectives of 18 frontline workers, team managers and senior managers in a London authority. The transcribed accounts were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsParticipants reported that the strain on services because of sustained budget cuts was overwhelming, even without the additional challenge of implementing this new approach. Further challenges in relation to implementation included parental-capacity focused legislation and conflicting perspectives between stakeholders. This study recommends that proper funding must be committed to safeguarding partnerships if contextual safeguarding is to be successfully implemented. Additionally, child protection practitioners should aim to develop a collaborative and child-welfare focused network of community agencies and organisations if young people are to be safeguarded in their communities.Research limitations/implicationsAs the sample required specialist knowledge to participate in this study, this study cannot claim that the findings are generalisable to all social workers.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first external evaluation of the implementation of the contextual safeguarding approach in a local authority independent of the contextual safeguarding team at the University of Bedfordshire since the evaluation of Hackney.
目的本研究旨在探讨地方当局儿童和家庭从业者如何理解和实施情境保护方法,特别是关注从业者认为支持和阻碍实施的内容。设计/方法论/方法这项定性研究利用半结构化访谈和焦点小组,探讨了伦敦一家机构的18名一线员工、团队经理和高级经理的观点。采用专题分析法对转录的账目进行了分析。FindingsParticipants报告称,即使没有实施这一新方法的额外挑战,持续的预算削减给服务业带来的压力也是巨大的。执行方面的进一步挑战包括以父母能力为重点的立法和利益攸关方之间的观点冲突。这项研究建议,如果要成功实施背景保护,就必须为保护伙伴关系提供适当的资金。此外,如果要在社区中保护年轻人,儿童保护从业者应致力于发展一个以儿童福利为重点的社区机构和组织合作网络。研究局限性/含义由于样本需要专业知识才能参与本研究,本研究不能声称这些发现对所有社会工作者都是普遍的。独创性/价值据作者所知,这是自哈克尼评估以来,首次对独立于贝德福德大学情境保护团队的地方当局实施情境保护方法进行外部评估。
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引用次数: 0
Affording managed opportunities for independence to build looked-after young people’s resilience: perceptions and experiences of care workers 提供有管理的独立机会来培养受照顾的年轻人的韧性:护理人员的看法和经验
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.1108/jcs-10-2021-0044
Joyce Hlungwani, A. V. van Breda
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the contribution of what the authors have termed, “managed opportunities for independence” (MOI) in building the resilience of young people in care.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a qualitative, grounded theory methodology. Nine child and youth care workers were purposively sampled from various child and youth and care centres in South Africa.FindingsFindings indicate that MOI contribute to the development of resilience of young people in care.Originality/valueCare-leaving literature recognizes that too much protection does not adequately prepare young people for independent living. There is also increasing attention to the resilience processes that enable care-leavers to thrive during the transition from care to independent living. However, there is limited empirical research that looks at how in-care programmes develop young people’s resilience. In addition, very little is said about what it means for child and youth care practice. This study’s focus on the contribution of “managed opportunities for independence” in building the resilience of young people in care provides a foundation for understanding the care-leaving process better.
目的本研究的目的是探索作者所称的“管理独立机会”(MOI)在培养受照顾年轻人的复原力方面的贡献。设计/方法论/方法该研究采用了定性的、有根据的理论方法论。有目的地从南非的各个儿童、青年和护理中心抽取了9名儿童和青年护理人员。研究结果表明,教学语言有助于培养被护理青年的复原力。独创性/价值观关爱离开文献认识到,过多的保护并不能使年轻人充分做好独立生活的准备。人们也越来越关注让护理离职者在从护理到独立生活的过渡过程中茁壮成长的恢复力过程。然而,关于护理计划如何培养年轻人的复原力的实证研究有限。此外,关于这对儿童和青少年护理实践意味着什么,几乎没有人说。这项研究的重点是“有管理的独立机会”在培养受护理年轻人的复原力方面的贡献,这为更好地理解护理离职过程奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Childrens Services
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