M. Dadfar, D. Lester, Stephanie McSwain, A. Abdel-Khalek
{"title":"Prediction of Hopelessness in a Western Sample Using Scores on the Arabic Scale of Optimism and Pessimism","authors":"M. Dadfar, D. Lester, Stephanie McSwain, A. Abdel-Khalek","doi":"10.46469/mq.2020.61.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46469/mq.2020.61.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"61 1","pages":"56-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70542604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is Gout Related to Achievement? Testing the Uric Acid Hypothesis in the Vietnam Experience Project","authors":"Emil Ole William Kirkegaard, H. Nyborg","doi":"10.46469/mq.2020.61.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46469/mq.2020.61.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"61 1","pages":"67-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70542689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Science is learning more about the brain activity necessary for consciousness, but has not identified any mechanisms for how it could actually arise through neural processes. Here I present ways to build consciousness into the mathematics of quantum mechanics for use in the growing area of quantum neurology. Quantum waves are not physical in the sense of forces acting on particles through cause and effect, and they are expressed using mathematical placeholders that do not have agreed-upon real-world representations. These can be used to represent consciousness. Quantum mechanics has shown how the traditional aspects of the physical world emerge from non-physical quantum information through a combination of mathematical, not causal, determinism, and stochastic interactions. The modeling methods here could help account for how the mental world could also emerge from information fields. Neural interactions for mental experiences are complex, so it is reasonable to expect that consciousness is an emergent property of neural networks. But emergent properties are not magic – they work through procedural mechanisms – in this case for how neural processes generate experiences. No steps for how consciousness could be manufactured in this way are apparent, and philosophers have strong arguments for such not being possible. An alternative is to model consciousness as part of quantum waves, so it is accessed, not created, by the brain. This is a form of neutral monism – the idea that the physical and mental worlds both come from a single underlying source – in this case quantum waves. The classical physical picture of particles and forces acting under cause and effect has developed into a belief system, not just a theory, and this has created difficulties in taking quantum mechanics itself at face value. The result has been the creation of numerous “interpretations” of quantum mechanics that seek to frame it within these philosophical presuppositions. The conceptual framework of Cartesian dualism provides a platform for analysis of the related philosophical issues of consciousness and of quantum mechanics itself.
{"title":"How to Build Quantum Models of Consciousness","authors":"Gary Venter","doi":"10.7916/D8-C4MQ-G281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7916/D8-C4MQ-G281","url":null,"abstract":"Science is learning more about the brain activity necessary for consciousness, but has not identified any mechanisms for how it could actually arise through neural processes. Here I present ways to build consciousness into the mathematics of quantum mechanics for use in the growing area of quantum neurology. Quantum waves are not physical in the sense of forces acting on particles through cause and effect, and they are expressed using mathematical placeholders that do not have agreed-upon real-world representations. These can be used to represent consciousness. Quantum mechanics has shown how the traditional aspects of the physical world emerge from non-physical quantum information through a combination of mathematical, not causal, determinism, and stochastic interactions. The modeling methods here could help account for how the mental world could also emerge from information fields. Neural interactions for mental experiences are complex, so it is reasonable to expect that consciousness is an emergent property of neural networks. But emergent properties are not magic – they work through procedural mechanisms – in this case for how neural processes generate experiences. No steps for how consciousness could be manufactured in this way are apparent, and philosophers have strong arguments for such not being possible. An alternative is to model consciousness as part of quantum waves, so it is accessed, not created, by the brain. This is a form of neutral monism – the idea that the physical and mental worlds both come from a single underlying source – in this case quantum waves. The classical physical picture of particles and forces acting under cause and effect has developed into a belief system, not just a theory, and this has created difficulties in taking quantum mechanics itself at face value. The result has been the creation of numerous “interpretations” of quantum mechanics that seek to frame it within these philosophical presuppositions. The conceptual framework of Cartesian dualism provides a platform for analysis of the related philosophical issues of consciousness and of quantum mechanics itself.","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71365405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
a hybridization process. These ‘creolizations’ also pose the question of whether re-creations of traditional products are possible in new and different contexts (Sassatelli, 2019). For example, in spite of schemes to ensure the protection of some products and practices, such as Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) and Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), questions of authenticity or cultural appropriation are still a source of debate for creations such as ramen, jerk, pizza and even poutine (Bilefsky, 2017; Ceccarini, 2014; Rahim, 2019). In this paper, we enquire whether food ‘traditiovations’ can meet these challenges and hold up to their promise in real-life contexts. We present three case studies in Le Marche, Italy, a typically rural region knit together by small historically rooted comuni (municipalities). With its wealth of food traditions and its present need of socio-economic revitalization, in recent years Le Marche has been a lively participant in the wave of traditional-innovative approaches to food production and consumption that is sweeping Italy and other countries, with an underlying strategy of fostering rural development while improving the sustainability of regional agriculture. Because of its specific constellation of historical characteristics and present circumstances, Le Marche represents an especially significant and disruptive ‘laboratory’ for cross-fertilization of tradition and innovation in food and food systems. We have focused on three related examples: 1) the work of Rocca Madre, a community agricultural cooperative with a commitment to social farming, which has been developing local short-chain organic products based on the reintroduction of heritage cultivars and the introduction of locally adapted mixtures of cereals; 2) Agriturismo sites, small farms where tourists can stay to experience local rural life; and, finally; 3) the Comune of Montedinove’s annual Sapori ed Arte food trail festival which, showcasing the region’s traditional dishes, exemplifies the hybrid approach of ‘traditiovations’ and suggests the disruptive potential of diverse local knowledge systems toward sustainability (Cannarella and Piccioni, 2011; Pereira et. al, 2019).
{"title":"Cooperatives, Agri-Tourism and Food Trails: Promoting Sustainable Food Systems in Le Marche, Italy","authors":"D. Monaldi, B. Ramsingh","doi":"10.21427/7MQ5-XV63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/7MQ5-XV63","url":null,"abstract":"a hybridization process. These ‘creolizations’ also pose the question of whether re-creations of traditional products are possible in new and different contexts (Sassatelli, 2019). For example, in spite of schemes to ensure the protection of some products and practices, such as Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) and Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), questions of authenticity or cultural appropriation are still a source of debate for creations such as ramen, jerk, pizza and even poutine (Bilefsky, 2017; Ceccarini, 2014; Rahim, 2019). In this paper, we enquire whether food ‘traditiovations’ can meet these challenges and hold up to their promise in real-life contexts. We present three case studies in Le Marche, Italy, a typically rural region knit together by small historically rooted comuni (municipalities). With its wealth of food traditions and its present need of socio-economic revitalization, in recent years Le Marche has been a lively participant in the wave of traditional-innovative approaches to food production and consumption that is sweeping Italy and other countries, with an underlying strategy of fostering rural development while improving the sustainability of regional agriculture. Because of its specific constellation of historical characteristics and present circumstances, Le Marche represents an especially significant and disruptive ‘laboratory’ for cross-fertilization of tradition and innovation in food and food systems. We have focused on three related examples: 1) the work of Rocca Madre, a community agricultural cooperative with a commitment to social farming, which has been developing local short-chain organic products based on the reintroduction of heritage cultivars and the introduction of locally adapted mixtures of cereals; 2) Agriturismo sites, small farms where tourists can stay to experience local rural life; and, finally; 3) the Comune of Montedinove’s annual Sapori ed Arte food trail festival which, showcasing the region’s traditional dishes, exemplifies the hybrid approach of ‘traditiovations’ and suggests the disruptive potential of diverse local knowledge systems toward sustainability (Cannarella and Piccioni, 2011; Pereira et. al, 2019).","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68640004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Memoriam: H. Colin Slim (1929–2019)","authors":"L. Botstein","doi":"10.1093/musqtl/gdz017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/musqtl/gdz017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/musqtl/gdz017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48281964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elliott Carter’s First String Quartet: In Search of Proustian Time","authors":"Laura Emmery","doi":"10.1093/musqtl/gdaa002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/musqtl/gdaa002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/musqtl/gdaa002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47342808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exhumations, Honorary Graves, and the Fashioning of Vienna’s Self-Image as the “City of Music”","authors":"Reuben Phillips","doi":"10.1093/musqtl/gdz012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/musqtl/gdz012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/musqtl/gdz012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44329253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Special Years”?: The Vienna Philharmonic, Baldur von Schirach, and Nazi Cultural Politics in Vienna","authors":"Friedemann Pestel","doi":"10.1093/musqtl/gdz016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/musqtl/gdz016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/musqtl/gdz016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47448924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This verse from the Old Testament describes how the prophet Elisha called on God to perform a miracle. There was a desperate need to fill a dry ravine with water. Music became the instrument of rescue, and the musician the giver of a new lease on life. The idea that music was in some measure a privileged means of communication, a bridge between the human and the divine, and thereby crucial to alleviating human distress through its capacity to bring forth the power of God, has never entirely vanished from our collective consciousness, despite the increased dominance of the secular over the sacred in Western history since the late eighteenth century. A case in point from the far more recent past can be found in H. G. Adler’s magisterial and exhaustive 1955 study, Theresienstadt 1941–1945: The Face of a Coerced Community. Adler, himself a survivor but not a musician, understood that performing music and listening to music in the camp by the incarcerated inmates, which had once “fulfilled a real need,” had become a “curse” when music making ceased to be voluntary and became subject to the sadistic whim and orders of the SS. But for a long stretch of time, concerts by inmates—Adler cites performances of music by Beethoven and Brahms by fellow prisoners—were “triumphs of pure morality over the adversity of an almost unbearable present.” Not because it was a means to an end (e.g., water), but music alone elicited the capacity for hope and goodness—theologically speaking, gifts of the divine located in the biblical account of creation. They were brought forth by the playing and hearing of music. A renewal of faith in this theological image and in the justification of music as indispensable to life and therefore hope and survival in dark and difficult times would be welcome as each of us struggles with isolation,
{"title":"The Future of Music in America: The Challenge of the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"L. Botstein","doi":"10.1093/musqtl/gdaa007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/musqtl/gdaa007","url":null,"abstract":"This verse from the Old Testament describes how the prophet Elisha called on God to perform a miracle. There was a desperate need to fill a dry ravine with water. Music became the instrument of rescue, and the musician the giver of a new lease on life. The idea that music was in some measure a privileged means of communication, a bridge between the human and the divine, and thereby crucial to alleviating human distress through its capacity to bring forth the power of God, has never entirely vanished from our collective consciousness, despite the increased dominance of the secular over the sacred in Western history since the late eighteenth century. A case in point from the far more recent past can be found in H. G. Adler’s magisterial and exhaustive 1955 study, Theresienstadt 1941–1945: The Face of a Coerced Community. Adler, himself a survivor but not a musician, understood that performing music and listening to music in the camp by the incarcerated inmates, which had once “fulfilled a real need,” had become a “curse” when music making ceased to be voluntary and became subject to the sadistic whim and orders of the SS. But for a long stretch of time, concerts by inmates—Adler cites performances of music by Beethoven and Brahms by fellow prisoners—were “triumphs of pure morality over the adversity of an almost unbearable present.” Not because it was a means to an end (e.g., water), but music alone elicited the capacity for hope and goodness—theologically speaking, gifts of the divine located in the biblical account of creation. They were brought forth by the playing and hearing of music. A renewal of faith in this theological image and in the justification of music as indispensable to life and therefore hope and survival in dark and difficult times would be welcome as each of us struggles with isolation,","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"202 1-4","pages":"351 - 360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/musqtl/gdaa007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41296894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Making the many-minded one”: Community Singing at the Peabody Prep in 1915","authors":"Esther M. Morgan-Ellis","doi":"10.1093/musqtl/gdaa003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/musqtl/gdaa003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45285,"journal":{"name":"MUSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/musqtl/gdaa003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43400166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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