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Revisioning Grammar Instruction through Collaborative Lesson Study: A New Apprenticeship of Observation 通过合作学习修改语法教学:一种新的观察学徒制
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2019.1709927
V. Collet, Angelia C. Greiner
ABSTRACT A concern about grammar and usage instruction is the ineffectiveness of the frequently-used practice of worksheets and out-of-context application. In light of recent findings that applied grammar instruction can improve students’ writing, a need for research on increasing teachers’ pedagogical knowledge in this area is indicated. This case study examines teacher professional development to consider what aspects promote and extend teacher knowledge and practice in this area. Three high-school English teachers participated in a month-long Lesson Study cycle. Findings suggest that teachers’ insights about active, collaborative grammar instruction appear to have been supported by their own collaboration and by joint observation of practice. Providing opportunities for teachers to reflect together on what was observed encouraged learning that transcended the specific lesson.
在语法和用法教学中,人们关注的是常用的工作表练习和脱离上下文的应用的有效性。鉴于最近的研究发现,应用语法教学可以提高学生的写作水平,因此有必要研究如何提高教师在这方面的教学知识。本案例研究考察了教师专业发展,以考虑哪些方面促进和扩展了教师在这一领域的知识和实践。三位高中英语老师参加了一个为期一个月的课程学习周期。研究结果表明,教师对积极、合作的语法教学的见解似乎得到了他们自己的合作和对实践的共同观察的支持。为教师提供机会,让他们一起反思所观察到的情况,从而鼓励超越具体课程的学习。
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引用次数: 9
Becoming Inquirers: A Review of Research on Inquiry Methods in Literacy Preservice Teacher Preparation 成为探究者:职前素养教师培养中的探究方法研究综述
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-02-21 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2020.1730529
Catherine Lammert
ABSTRACT Inquiry models of teaching and learning have a long history in education. With a focus on contemporary (2000–2018) empirical research, this systematic review of literature focuses on the question: What is known about how inquiry is used and framed in literacy preservice teacher preparation? Findings suggest that inquiry is an effective tool for preservice teacher learning, and although there are challenges (i.e. time, resources, preservice teachers’ preconceived ideas about curriculum, and curricular constraints), preservice teachers can learn to enact inquiry-based teaching methods with transformative possibilities.
探究式教学模式在教育领域有着悠久的历史。这篇文献的系统综述以当代(2000-2018)实证研究为重点,重点关注以下问题:在扫盲职前教师准备中,探究是如何使用和构建的?研究结果表明,探究是职前教师学习的有效工具,尽管存在挑战(即时间、资源、职前教师对课程的先入为主的想法和课程限制),但职前教师可以学习制定具有变革可能性的探究式教学方法。
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引用次数: 10
Writing Motivation and Middle School: An Examination of Changes in Students’ Motivation for Writing 写作动机与中学:学生写作动机变化的考察
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-02-11 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2020.1720048
Katherine Landau Wright, Tracey S. Hodges, S. Dismuke, Peter Boedeker
ABSTRACT In many states, writing is tested only in selected grades causing writing instruction often to be over-emphasized some years and neglected in others. The present study examines how students’ motivation for writing differs during the middle school years. We administered the Self-Beliefs, Writing Beliefs, and Attitude Survey (SWAS) to a cross-sectional sample of students at two middle schools shortly after the 7th graders completed a high-stakes writing exam. Results indicate that 6th and 8th graders had higher average scores of writing motivation compared to their 7th-grade peers, with 6th graders possessing higher average levels of attitude toward writing and beliefs about writing compared to 8th graders. The varying pressure and absence of writing may be influencing students’ motivation to write and views of writing.
摘要在许多州,写作只在选定的年级进行测试,这导致写作教学在某些年份往往被过度强调,而在另一些年份则被忽视。本研究考察了中学生写作动机的差异。在七年级学生完成高风险写作考试后不久,我们对两所中学的学生进行了自我信念、写作信念和态度调查(SWAS)。结果表明,六年级和八年级学生的写作动机平均得分高于七年级学生,与八年级学生相比,六年级学生对写作的态度和信念的平均水平更高。不同的写作压力和缺席可能会影响学生的写作动机和写作观。
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引用次数: 13
The Effectiveness of Professional Development on the Phonological Awareness Outcomes of Preschool Children: A Systematic Review 专业发展对学龄前儿童语音意识结果的影响:系统回顾
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-12 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2019.1710785
Emily J. M. Ciesielski, N. Creaghead
ABSTRACT There is considerable concern regarding our nation’s literacy skills. Research has repeatedly shown that the literacy trajectory is well established very early in the school career. Early childhood educators (ECEs) have the ability to influence a child’s literacy skills provided they have the required knowledge and tools. Professional development (PD) is a means of providing the knowledge and skills, but is not always effective. This article presents the results of a systematic review of the literature of preschool children’s phonological awareness improvement following PD for the respective ECEs. The results from 15 studies from 2003 to 2019 are synthesized and discussed to determine the components of PD that make it effective. The studies revealed a wide range of effect sizes, ranging from negligible to very large. Aspects of effective PD, including the education and experience of the ECEs, the format and structure of the PD, and the content of the educational program, are considered. The findings have important instructional implications for PD in the preschool setting.
人们对我国的读写能力相当关注。研究一再表明,读写能力的发展轨迹在学校生涯的早期就已经确立。幼儿教育工作者只要具备必要的知识和工具,就有能力影响儿童的识字技能。专业发展(PD)是提供知识和技能的一种手段,但并不总是有效的。本文介绍了一项系统的文献综述的结果学龄前儿童语音意识的改善后,各自的ece PD。本文对2003年至2019年的15项研究结果进行了综合和讨论,以确定PD的有效成分。这些研究揭示了各种各样的效应大小,从可以忽略到非常大。考虑到有效的PD的各个方面,包括ece的教育和经验,PD的格式和结构以及教育计划的内容。研究结果对学龄前PD的教学具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 6
The Contribution of Linguistic and Cognitive Measures to Listening Comprehension among Arabic-speaking Kindergartners 语言和认知措施对阿拉伯语幼儿园儿童听力理解的贡献
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2019.1662143
Ibrahim A. Asadi
ABSTRACT Listening comprehension (LC) is considered an important but complex skill that predicts later reading comprehension in various languages. In this study, we aimed at understanding the relationship of LC with different linguistic and cognitive components. For this purpose, 262 Arabic-speaking kindergartners participated in this study. Our regression results showed that both linguistic and cognitive measures explained 53% of the variance in LC. Regarding the linguistic measures, while vocabulary, syntactic knowledge and morphological knowledge contributed significantly to LC, the phonological awareness contribution was not significant. As for the cognitive measures, both working memory and speed of processing were found to contribute significantly to LC whereas the contribution of speed of processing was marginal. Our findings are discussed in the light of previous findings in the literature.
摘要听力理解(LC)被认为是一项重要但复杂的技能,它可以预测各种语言的后期阅读理解。在本研究中,我们旨在了解LC与不同语言和认知成分的关系。为此,262名讲阿拉伯语的幼儿园儿童参与了这项研究。我们的回归结果表明,语言和认知测量都解释了53%的LC方差。在语言测量方面,虽然词汇、句法知识和形态知识对LC有显著贡献,但语音意识的贡献不显著。在认知测量方面,工作记忆和处理速度对LC有显著贡献,而处理速度的贡献很小。我们的发现是根据文献中先前的发现进行讨论的。
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引用次数: 6
Exploring How Fourth-Grade Emerging Bilinguals Learn to Write Opinion Essays 探索四年级新出现的双语者如何学习撰写观点文章
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2019.1686093
Annie Squire, S. Clark
ABSTRACT The population of emerging bilinguals (EBs) is rapidly growing across the United States leaving many teachers wondering how best to teach these students to read and write effectively in English. Concurrently, and as a result of the Common Core State Standards, elementary school students are required to produce more sophisticated writing than ever before. For example, all students in Grades K-5 are expected to write an opinion essay that requires an understanding of the topic in order to generate an opinion and the ability to craft evidence to support this opinion. The purpose of this study was to determine how EBs develop as writers of opinion essays. A multiple case study was conducted in a 4th grade English as a Second Language classroom where students (N = 6) were taught to write opinion essays in English. Data sources included interviews, classroom observations, and multiple student writing and work samples that were conducted and collected over the course of six weeks. Three specific categories emerged from the data including: (a) a more knowledgeable other, (b) the need for two-step graphic organizers, and (c) the value of partner talk/collaboration. Implications and recommendations of these findings are provided for both educators and researchers.
在美国,新兴双语者(EBs)的人数正在迅速增长,这让许多教师都想知道如何最好地教这些学生有效地用英语阅读和写作。同时,作为共同核心州标准的结果,小学生被要求写出比以往任何时候都更复杂的文章。例如,所有K-5年级的学生都要写一篇观点文章,这需要理解主题,以便产生观点,并有能力制作证据来支持这一观点。本研究的目的是确定EBs如何发展成为观点文章的作者。在一个以英语为第二语言的四年级课堂上进行了多案例研究,学生(N = 6)被教导用英语写观点文章。数据来源包括访谈,课堂观察,以及在六周的课程中进行和收集的多个学生写作和工作样本。从数据中得出了三个具体类别,包括:(a)更有知识的其他人,(b)对两步图形组织者的需求,以及(c)伙伴谈话/协作的价值。这些发现对教育工作者和研究人员都有启示和建议。
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引用次数: 4
Developing Literacy-minded Educators: Authentic Field-based Teacher Preparation 培养具有扫盲意识的教育者:真正的实地教师准备
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2019.1662861
J. Nelson, Aimee Papola-Ellis, E. Giatsou
ABSTRACT The authors examine the influence of a course focused on literacy and data in a field-based teacher preparation program on teacher candidate preparedness to teach literacy. This course is taken by Birth to grade 12 candidates during their third year in the program and places them in local schools eight hours per week for twelve weeks. Our findings suggest: a) candidates obtained a deep understanding of the multifaceted nature of literacy instruction; b) candidates displayed the ability to authentically differentiate literacy instruction to meet student needs; c) candidates felt confident making “in the moment” decisions to improve literacy instruction; and d) candidates developed confidence as a literacy teacher. In our discussion, we consider these findings in relation to being immersed in high-quality field experiences with strong faculty support and collaboration with a range of stakeholders, and how these factors may have contributed to some of the professional knowledge development in the candidates.
摘要:作者研究了一个以实地为基础的教师准备计划中侧重于扫盲和数据的课程对教师候选人准备教授扫盲的影响。这个课程是由出生到12年级的学生在他们的第三年参加的,并将他们安排在当地学校每周8小时,为期12周。我们的研究结果表明:a)候选人对识字教学的多面性有了深刻的理解;B)考生表现出真正区分识字教学以满足学生需求的能力;C)考生有信心“在当下”做出提高读写能力的决定;d)候选人培养了作为扫盲老师的信心。在我们的讨论中,我们考虑了这些发现与沉浸在高质量的现场体验中,与强大的教师支持和与一系列利益相关者的合作有关,以及这些因素如何有助于候选人的一些专业知识发展。
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引用次数: 2
The Impact of Summer Programs on the English Language Scores of Migrant Children 暑期项目对流动儿童英语成绩的影响
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2019.1687794
Ann Schmitt, Sherri L. Horner, M. Lavery
ABSTRACT Children of Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers (MSFWs) in the United States face educational challenges from language barriers and disjointed schooling due to migration and other factors. This quasi-experimental pretest/posttest study investigated whether summer Migrant Education Programs (MEP) could help prevent summer learning loss in English proficiency. Kindergarten through fourth-grade Latinx migrant students who attended MEP summer programs in Northwest Ohio were assessed with the IDEA Proficiency Test (n = 246) and the i-Ready Diagnostic (n = 92). Paired samples t-tests analyzed pre/post differences, and ANOVA and ANCOVA analyzed differences in gains between school locations and grade levels. On average, migrant students attending the MEP experienced significant gains in their English speaking and language art scores over the summer. These gains did not differ significantly by grade; however, they did differ by school. Results suggest that these programs may prevent learning loss, even resulting in summer learning gains for some children of MSFWs.
摘要:由于移民和其他因素,美国移民和季节性农场工人的子女面临着语言障碍和学校教育脱节的教育挑战。这项准实验性的前测/后测研究调查了夏季移民教育计划(MEP)是否有助于防止夏季英语水平的下降。在俄亥俄州西北部参加MEP暑期项目的幼儿园至四年级拉丁裔移民学生接受了IDEA能力测试(n=246)和i-Ready诊断(n=92)评估。配对样本t检验分析了前后差异,ANOVA和ANCOVA分析了学校地点和年级水平之间的收益差异。平均而言,参加MEP的移民学生在整个夏天的英语口语和语言艺术成绩都有了显著提高。这些成绩在年级上没有显著差异;然而,他们确实因学校而异。研究结果表明,这些项目可以防止学习损失,甚至为一些无国界医生的孩子带来夏季学习收益。
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引用次数: 2
What’s Hot in 2019: Expanded and Interconnected Notions of Literacy 2019年热门话题:扩展和相互关联的扫盲概念
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2019.1665786
J. Cassidy, Stephanie A. Grote-Garcia, Evan Ortlieb
ABSTRACT The What’s Hot in 2019 survey was conducted to measure the amount of attention currently being given to literacy topics in research and practice. Twenty-five literacy leaders were surveyed; results were subsequently categorized into three levels: a) extremely hot or cold, b) very hot or cold, or c) hot or cold This year, there were four topics deemed “very hot”: digital/multimodal literacies; disciplinary literacies; early literacy; and English learners/ESL. A current analysis of timely research and practice is provided of both “very hot” topics as well as “should be hot” topics like comprehension, policy and advocacy, struggling readers, and writing. Teachers, administrators, and researchers alike can benefit from staying up to date with hot topics and current issues in literacy; implications for policy and practice regarding literacy instruction and developing the needs of diverse literacy learners are discussed.
“2019年热门话题”调查旨在衡量目前在研究和实践中对扫盲主题的关注程度。25位扫盲领袖接受了调查;结果随后被分为三个级别:a)极热或极冷,b)非常热或极冷,c)热或极冷今年,有四个主题被认为是“非常热”的:数字/多模式读写能力;学科文化;早期的素养;英语学习者/ESL。对及时的研究和实践进行了当前的分析,既提供了“非常热门”的话题,也提供了“应该热门”的话题,如理解、政策和倡导、挣扎的读者和写作。教师、管理人员和研究人员都可以从跟上热门话题和当前的扫盲问题中受益;讨论了有关扫盲教学和发展不同扫盲学习者需求的政策和实践的含义。
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引用次数: 10
Doing Our Part: Trust and Relational Dynamics in Literacy Coaching 尽我们的一份力:扫盲辅导中的信任和关系动态
IF 1.2 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2019-09-22 DOI: 10.1080/19388071.2019.1655684
Carla Finkelstein
ABSTRACT Literacy coaching has become a prevalent model of professional development (PD) that embodies the characteristics of high-quality teacher learning. At the same time, many literacy coaches have experienced the practice as fraught with tensions, both for coaches and teachers. This paper focuses on the relational dynamics in literacy coaching, through the lens of building trust. It describes a literacy coaching cycle in which the author, serving as literacy coach, attempts to build and maintain a trusting relationship with a teacher, while supporting her desired instructional improvement in writing. This work uses critical discourse analysis (CDA) as theory and method to analyze literacy coaching interactions, especially the affective landscape and relational dynamics over time, between a literacy coach and teacher.
扫盲辅导已经成为一种流行的职业发展模式,体现了高质量教师学习的特点。与此同时,许多识字教练都经历过这种做法,无论是对教练还是老师来说,都充满了紧张。本文通过建立信任的视角,重点关注识字辅导中的关系动态。它描述了一个识字指导周期,在这个周期中,作者作为识字教练,试图与老师建立并保持信任关系,同时支持她在写作方面的教学改进。这项工作使用批判性话语分析(CDA)作为理论和方法来分析识字教练与教师之间的互动,特别是一段时间以来的情感景观和关系动态。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Literacy Research and Instruction
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