Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2023.2171728
Eyja M. Brynjarsdóttir, I. Erlingsdottir, Jón Ingvar Kjaran
We in the Icelandic editorial team are proud and excited to present our first NORA issue, which is the first issue of 2023. We are grateful to the members of the previous editorial team in Denmark for their help and advice during a smooth transition process. The current issue presents a variety of topics highlighting the intersection of race and gender in culture as well as workplace inequalities. The topic of Linnéa Bruno’s and Tanja Joelsson’s paper is violence prevention in which the American MVP program is evaluated at selected Swedish compulsory schools (students aged 13–19 years) by using the ethnographic approach. The aim of the paper is to explore how the female participants perceived their classroom environment and which strategies were used to create a “transformative space” of learning about sexual/sexualized violence. The paper gives rich empirical (ethnographic) examples of how conversation around sexual/sexualized violence is conducted within classroom settings, adding to the overall knowledge within the prevention/intervention literature, particularly with the focus on young people. The authors conclude that in prevention work at school level, it is important to attend well to competence and commitment as well as being aware of precarious nature of such work and how it might affect the endeavour of transforming the classroom into a non-oppressive space. Furthermore, they emphasize the importance of balancing critical feminist views of violence and seeing boys and men as allies in any prevention education/ work with regard to sexual/sexualized violence. Mika Hagerlid focuses on the racial construction of women who have experienced racial hate crime in the paper “Discursive Constructions of Race and Gender in Racial Hate Crime Targeting Women in Sweden”. She uses intersectional theory along with discourse analysis in interpreting nine interviews with women who have experienced racial hate crime. In so doing, the study contributes to the knowledge of how racial hate crimes are understood and interpreted by female victims from diverse ethnic/racial background. The results show that women experience racial hate crimes differently than men. Furthermore, as Mika demonstrates well in the paper, female victims often become entangled in racial power struggles between men. In fact, their bodies, as argued by Mika, are often used as a “tool in racial status conflicts”. Thus, Mika’s paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on the intersection of race/ethnicity and gender within the Nordic context in which the myth of the Nordic gender equality paradise is repudiated, at least in terms of what it means to be a woman with a diverse racial or ethnic background. In “Feminist Academics Strategically Playing Offense/Defense in Pursue of Academic and Societal Change”, Thamar Melanie Heijstra and Gyða Margrét Pétursdóttir consider the status of feminist activists in Icelandic academia, in an environment characterized by the masculinized neoliberal a
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Eyja M. Brynjarsdóttir, I. Erlingsdottir, Jón Ingvar Kjaran","doi":"10.1080/08038740.2023.2171728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2023.2171728","url":null,"abstract":"We in the Icelandic editorial team are proud and excited to present our first NORA issue, which is the first issue of 2023. We are grateful to the members of the previous editorial team in Denmark for their help and advice during a smooth transition process. The current issue presents a variety of topics highlighting the intersection of race and gender in culture as well as workplace inequalities. The topic of Linnéa Bruno’s and Tanja Joelsson’s paper is violence prevention in which the American MVP program is evaluated at selected Swedish compulsory schools (students aged 13–19 years) by using the ethnographic approach. The aim of the paper is to explore how the female participants perceived their classroom environment and which strategies were used to create a “transformative space” of learning about sexual/sexualized violence. The paper gives rich empirical (ethnographic) examples of how conversation around sexual/sexualized violence is conducted within classroom settings, adding to the overall knowledge within the prevention/intervention literature, particularly with the focus on young people. The authors conclude that in prevention work at school level, it is important to attend well to competence and commitment as well as being aware of precarious nature of such work and how it might affect the endeavour of transforming the classroom into a non-oppressive space. Furthermore, they emphasize the importance of balancing critical feminist views of violence and seeing boys and men as allies in any prevention education/ work with regard to sexual/sexualized violence. Mika Hagerlid focuses on the racial construction of women who have experienced racial hate crime in the paper “Discursive Constructions of Race and Gender in Racial Hate Crime Targeting Women in Sweden”. She uses intersectional theory along with discourse analysis in interpreting nine interviews with women who have experienced racial hate crime. In so doing, the study contributes to the knowledge of how racial hate crimes are understood and interpreted by female victims from diverse ethnic/racial background. The results show that women experience racial hate crimes differently than men. Furthermore, as Mika demonstrates well in the paper, female victims often become entangled in racial power struggles between men. In fact, their bodies, as argued by Mika, are often used as a “tool in racial status conflicts”. Thus, Mika’s paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on the intersection of race/ethnicity and gender within the Nordic context in which the myth of the Nordic gender equality paradise is repudiated, at least in terms of what it means to be a woman with a diverse racial or ethnic background. In “Feminist Academics Strategically Playing Offense/Defense in Pursue of Academic and Societal Change”, Thamar Melanie Heijstra and Gyða Margrét Pétursdóttir consider the status of feminist activists in Icelandic academia, in an environment characterized by the masculinized neoliberal a","PeriodicalId":45485,"journal":{"name":"NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46439076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2022.2155244
C. Halberg
ABSTRACT Over the course of the last decade, a strand of feminist science scholarship has come together under the rubric of “neurofeminism”. One of the driving concerns for scholars in this area is to expose and criticize what is sometimes called “neurosexism”. This is a tendency among some neuroscientists, science writers and journalists to exaggerate cognitive, emotional, and behavioural sex differences and to pin gender stereotypes on allegedly innate sex differences of brain structure and function. The standard neurofeminist response has operated largely within the framework of the nature vs. nurture problematic, emphasizing the lack of attention to the role played by experience-dependent neuroplasticity in the development of a gendered brain. I propose to reframe this debate using resources from the philosophy of mind. I argue that several issues driving this debate hinge on the more fundamental question of how the role of the brain in behaviour should be conceptualized. In this regard, I show how neurosexism assumes neurocentrism—which I explicate as the transposition of the Cartesian immaterial soul onto the material brain—as its philosophical foundation, and I develop the case against this assumption, drawing in part on the enactive approach to the philosophy and science of the mind.
{"title":"Neurosexism, Neurofeminism, and Neurocentrism: From Gendered Brains to Embodied Minds","authors":"C. Halberg","doi":"10.1080/08038740.2022.2155244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2022.2155244","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Over the course of the last decade, a strand of feminist science scholarship has come together under the rubric of “neurofeminism”. One of the driving concerns for scholars in this area is to expose and criticize what is sometimes called “neurosexism”. This is a tendency among some neuroscientists, science writers and journalists to exaggerate cognitive, emotional, and behavioural sex differences and to pin gender stereotypes on allegedly innate sex differences of brain structure and function. The standard neurofeminist response has operated largely within the framework of the nature vs. nurture problematic, emphasizing the lack of attention to the role played by experience-dependent neuroplasticity in the development of a gendered brain. I propose to reframe this debate using resources from the philosophy of mind. I argue that several issues driving this debate hinge on the more fundamental question of how the role of the brain in behaviour should be conceptualized. In this regard, I show how neurosexism assumes neurocentrism—which I explicate as the transposition of the Cartesian immaterial soul onto the material brain—as its philosophical foundation, and I develop the case against this assumption, drawing in part on the enactive approach to the philosophy and science of the mind.","PeriodicalId":45485,"journal":{"name":"NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"279 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47108156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2022.2131908
Inkeri Tanhua
ABSTRACT The gendering of technology-related work and education has spurred a lively debate. While the majority of research assumes that women and minority ethnic groups are under-represented in technology, there is a lack of research on their typical paths and positions in vocational technology education. This intersectional study examines students’ experiences of dental technology, which is a women-dominated study programme in which minority ethnic groups are also well represented. The article identifies a key discourse that the interviewees use in distinguishing dental technology from men-dominated technology education: describing it as detailed work done with one’s hands. The study strengthens existing research on the gendering of technology by providing the first vocational school-based example of how the feminine qualities associated with certain technologies can create a space for feminine identities in technology while simultaneously limiting the technological study programmes considered by women. The study further complements existing research through its intersectional approach, by showing that although feminine images associated with some technology education programmes can attract many women to study these subjects, minority ethnic students might be later excluded from working in related vocations.
{"title":"The Gendering of Technology Education: minority Ethnic Students’ Experiences of a Women-Dominated Vocational Dental Technology Programme","authors":"Inkeri Tanhua","doi":"10.1080/08038740.2022.2131908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2022.2131908","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The gendering of technology-related work and education has spurred a lively debate. While the majority of research assumes that women and minority ethnic groups are under-represented in technology, there is a lack of research on their typical paths and positions in vocational technology education. This intersectional study examines students’ experiences of dental technology, which is a women-dominated study programme in which minority ethnic groups are also well represented. The article identifies a key discourse that the interviewees use in distinguishing dental technology from men-dominated technology education: describing it as detailed work done with one’s hands. The study strengthens existing research on the gendering of technology by providing the first vocational school-based example of how the feminine qualities associated with certain technologies can create a space for feminine identities in technology while simultaneously limiting the technological study programmes considered by women. The study further complements existing research through its intersectional approach, by showing that although feminine images associated with some technology education programmes can attract many women to study these subjects, minority ethnic students might be later excluded from working in related vocations.","PeriodicalId":45485,"journal":{"name":"NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"264 - 278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42748241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-11DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2022.2150306
Carola Maria Wide
ABSTRACT Recent scholarship on intergenerational female relationships in “Little Red Riding Hood” often stresses conflict. Examining such relationships from the perspective of adolescent daughtering through Julia Kristeva’s idea of the feminine in three contemporary versions of the story, Angela Carter’s “The Werewolf”, Kiki Smith’s “Bedlam”, and Gillian Cross’s Wolf, this study demonstrates that some friction is necessary for recreating the protagonists’ grandmaternal relationship, which positively highlights female bonding and enhances the protagonists’ maturity and feminine development to embrace new beginnings with an environmental twist.
{"title":"“Grandmas Do Worse:” The Kristevan Feminine in Contemporary Versions of Little Red Riding Hood","authors":"Carola Maria Wide","doi":"10.1080/08038740.2022.2150306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2022.2150306","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent scholarship on intergenerational female relationships in “Little Red Riding Hood” often stresses conflict. Examining such relationships from the perspective of adolescent daughtering through Julia Kristeva’s idea of the feminine in three contemporary versions of the story, Angela Carter’s “The Werewolf”, Kiki Smith’s “Bedlam”, and Gillian Cross’s Wolf, this study demonstrates that some friction is necessary for recreating the protagonists’ grandmaternal relationship, which positively highlights female bonding and enhances the protagonists’ maturity and feminine development to embrace new beginnings with an environmental twist.","PeriodicalId":45485,"journal":{"name":"NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"249 - 263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41940058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2022.2126520
Adriana Margareta Dancus
ABSTRACT This article is a close analysis of the feature film What Will People Say (2017) by the Norwegian-Pakistani director Iram Haq through the lens of shame as a filmic emotion experienced both by the Pakistani mother in the film and by the Norwegian majority viewers. The film’s reception reveals a polarized discourse that pitches the Norwegian majority against minority women and builds up the myth that shame in contemporary Norway exists primarily as an import phenomenon in diasporic communities such as that of the Pakistanis. My analysis shows how paying careful attention to the Pakistani mother’s role in the story and the Pakistani family’s interactions with the Norwegian Child Welfare Services becomes a productive avenue to challenge the polarized discourse and build up a sense of mutuality and community in multicultural Norway. In essence, the article shows how Norwegian majority viewers can share the shame of Pakistani minority women when they are willing to approach the mother’s shame as more than simply a twin sister of honour and embrace their own embarrassment at the way the Norwegian Child Welfare Services treat the film’s main character, a Norwegian-Pakistani teenage girl whose family sends her to Pakistan against her own will.
本文以羞愧为视角，对挪威裔巴基斯坦导演伊拉姆·哈克(Iram Haq)的故事片《人们会说什么》(What Will People Say, 2017)进行了深入分析。羞愧是电影中巴基斯坦母亲和挪威大多数观众共同经历的一种电影情感。这部电影的反响揭示了一种两极分化的话语，这种话语将挪威的多数民族与少数民族女性对立起来，并建立了一种神话，即在当代挪威，羞耻感主要是作为一种重要现象存在于流散的社区，比如巴基斯坦人的社区。我的分析显示，仔细关注巴基斯坦母亲在故事中的角色，以及巴基斯坦家庭与挪威儿童福利服务机构的互动，如何成为挑战两极分化话语的有效途径，并在多元文化的挪威建立一种相互关系和社区意识。从本质上讲，这篇文章显示挪威多数观众可以分享巴基斯坦少数族裔妇女的耻辱，当他们愿意将母亲的耻辱视为不仅仅是荣誉的双胞胎姐妹，并接受自己对挪威儿童福利服务对待电影主角的方式的尴尬，挪威-巴基斯坦少女，她的家人违背了她的意愿将她送到巴基斯坦。
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Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2022.2139754
Kaisu Hynnä-Granberg
ABSTRACT The article analyses two Finnish body positive podcasts, Jenny and the Fat Myth Busters and The Soft, zooming in on their way of discussing weight loss. Drawing on queer studies’ understanding of queer time, the article discusses fat time as a nonlinear temporality, which, as a product of fat-marginalizing culture, is hurtful yet characterized by a potential to resist. The article utilizes Sara Ahmed, Rebecca Coleman, and Sienne Ngai’s formulations of emotions and temporality. It utilizes the method of a situated close reading where the author’s experience with weight loss works as an important resource for analysis. The article argues that fat time is characterized by “ugly feelings that stay.” The endurance of feelings expands existing understandings of fatness by arguing that fat could be discussed as an affective presence beside it being viewed as a material reality. Even as the body changes, emotions such as anxiety and pessimism endure, making both the present and future fat.
摘要本文分析了芬兰两个对身体有积极影响的播客，Jenny and The Fat Myth Busters和The Soft，放大了他们讨论减肥的方式。本文借鉴酷儿研究者对酷儿时间的理解，将肥胖时间视为一种非线性的时间性，作为肥胖边缘化文化的产物，它具有伤害性，但又具有抵抗的潜力。这篇文章运用了Sara Ahmed、Rebecca Coleman和Sienne Ngai对情绪和时间性的表述。它采用了情境细读的方法，作者的减肥经历是分析的重要资源。这篇文章认为，肥胖时间的特点是“丑陋的感觉停留”。感觉的持久性扩展了对肥胖的现有理解，认为肥胖可以被视为一种情感存在，而不是物质现实。即使身体发生变化，焦虑和悲观等情绪也会持续存在，使现在和未来都变得肥胖。
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Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2022.2133166
Jonas Bakken
ABSTRACT This article explores the rhetorical strategies applied in two political debate books published in 1979 and 2021, respectively, advocating for the rights of the indigenous Sámi people. Writing in the early stages of the Sámi struggle for recognition, Nils-Aslak Valkeapää used the rhetorical trope of irony to provoke the majoritised population and give the Sámi population an opportunity to laugh at the prejudices they are faced with. In the 1970s, the struggle for the survival of Sami culture overshadowed all other issues, and in Valkeapää’s book there is no discussion of women-specific challenges or gender issues. Ella Marie Hætta Isaksen, however, writes in an era affected by the #MeToo movement and has herself been a victim of sexualized violence. In her book, she uses her own experiences of growing up as a Sámi girl in Norway as rhetorical examples in discussions about prejudices against the Sámi, but also in a critique of gender roles in Sámi culture.
{"title":"Rhetorical Strategies of Unashamed Sámi Citizens","authors":"Jonas Bakken","doi":"10.1080/08038740.2022.2133166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2022.2133166","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article explores the rhetorical strategies applied in two political debate books published in 1979 and 2021, respectively, advocating for the rights of the indigenous Sámi people. Writing in the early stages of the Sámi struggle for recognition, Nils-Aslak Valkeapää used the rhetorical trope of irony to provoke the majoritised population and give the Sámi population an opportunity to laugh at the prejudices they are faced with. In the 1970s, the struggle for the survival of Sami culture overshadowed all other issues, and in Valkeapää’s book there is no discussion of women-specific challenges or gender issues. Ella Marie Hætta Isaksen, however, writes in an era affected by the #MeToo movement and has herself been a victim of sexualized violence. In her book, she uses her own experiences of growing up as a Sámi girl in Norway as rhetorical examples in discussions about prejudices against the Sámi, but also in a critique of gender roles in Sámi culture.","PeriodicalId":45485,"journal":{"name":"NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"172 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44265701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-14DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2022.2129780
Teija Rantala
ABSTRACT Religion strongly influences the rules and norms imposed on sexual relations, contraceptive use, and family planning. Religious convictions and communal obligations are also often involved in women’s struggles with reproductive choices. The Conservative Laestadians in Finland are one example of a conservative procreational religious movement that requires abstinence from premarital sex and upholds a negative attitude towards the use of birth control. In this article, I follow young former Conservative Laestadian women’s views on reproductive freedom, procreational ethos, and pronatalist politics. I propose that there is an ongoing upsurge among young former Conservative Laestadian women who resist the movement’s procreational ethos. I also suggest that the Laestadian procreational ethos has affinities with the nationalist and pronatalist aims of promoting limitless human reproduction. The article’s data is based on conversational interviews produced with young former Laestadian women in the spring of 2021. The women’s views assist in understanding religious procreation politics in a light of reproductive justice and ecological sustenance.
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Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2022.2076737
Kia Aarnio, A. Rotkirch
ABSTRACT Our knowledge of family relations and well-being in LGBTQ+ families is increasing, yet few studies so far have gathered quantitative data from both children and parents. The Finnish Rainbow Family study conducted surveys of 10–12-year-old children (N = 41), 13–18-year-old adolescents (N = 47), and of parents of 7–18-year-old children (N = 80 parents/103 responses) living in a LGBTQ+ family. Unlike many earlier surveys, we also asked about experiences of transgender adults in the family. Responses were compared with the nationwide School Health Promotion Study in Finland. Results suggest that the parental relationships and family functioning of underaged children in Finnish LGBTQ+ families are good and resemble those of other Finnish children. Children and parents describe their family life rather similarly. Rainbow families had slightly worse parental relations among 10–12-year-old children but overall better family functioning, and parents were very supporting and encouraging. The detected differences may relate to higher levels of both parental separation and parental education in Finnish rainbow families. Additionally, most adolescents with a transgender parent feel proud of their parent, although many have experienced difficulties talking about the transition with other people.
{"title":"Parental Relationships and Family Functioning of Finnish Children Living with LGBTQ+ Parents","authors":"Kia Aarnio, A. Rotkirch","doi":"10.1080/08038740.2022.2076737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2022.2076737","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Our knowledge of family relations and well-being in LGBTQ+ families is increasing, yet few studies so far have gathered quantitative data from both children and parents. The Finnish Rainbow Family study conducted surveys of 10–12-year-old children (N = 41), 13–18-year-old adolescents (N = 47), and of parents of 7–18-year-old children (N = 80 parents/103 responses) living in a LGBTQ+ family. Unlike many earlier surveys, we also asked about experiences of transgender adults in the family. Responses were compared with the nationwide School Health Promotion Study in Finland. Results suggest that the parental relationships and family functioning of underaged children in Finnish LGBTQ+ families are good and resemble those of other Finnish children. Children and parents describe their family life rather similarly. Rainbow families had slightly worse parental relations among 10–12-year-old children but overall better family functioning, and parents were very supporting and encouraging. The detected differences may relate to higher levels of both parental separation and parental education in Finnish rainbow families. Additionally, most adolescents with a transgender parent feel proud of their parent, although many have experienced difficulties talking about the transition with other people.","PeriodicalId":45485,"journal":{"name":"NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"249 - 263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48458817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2022.2139753
Auður Magndís Auðardóttir, Annadís Greta Rúdólfsdóttir
ABSTRACT In this article, we focus on how motherhood is represented in print media interviews with mothers over two distinct decades, 1970–1979 and 2010–2019, in Iceland. We used an affective-discursive framework to analyse 67 and 207 media interviews published in the two periods, respectively. In the former period, we found that mothers challenged prevalent feeling rules that encouraged them to put the family before their own needs. They used the interviews to advocate for their individual subjectivity and right to choose to be both mothers and earners. The societal changes were considered instrumental for women’s ability to make choices. In the latter period, discussions about motherhood as a barrier to women’s participation in the workforce were minimal. Mothers embraced the Nordic earner–carer model and even-handedly discussed their careers and motherhood. Motherhood was framed as a joyful enterprise and an individual choice that marked the pathway to women’s personal and emotional fulfilment. We conclude that discursive-affective constructions of motherhood imply neoliberal models of subjectivity that draw attention away from structural inequalities. In both periods, the public construction of motherhood revolved around the experiences of privileged, white, middle-class and heterosexual women, with limited attention to the experiences of marginalized mothers.
{"title":"First an Obstacle, Then Every Woman’s Dream: Discourses of Motherhood in Print Media, 1970–1979 versus 2010–2019","authors":"Auður Magndís Auðardóttir, Annadís Greta Rúdólfsdóttir","doi":"10.1080/08038740.2022.2139753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2022.2139753","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, we focus on how motherhood is represented in print media interviews with mothers over two distinct decades, 1970–1979 and 2010–2019, in Iceland. We used an affective-discursive framework to analyse 67 and 207 media interviews published in the two periods, respectively. In the former period, we found that mothers challenged prevalent feeling rules that encouraged them to put the family before their own needs. They used the interviews to advocate for their individual subjectivity and right to choose to be both mothers and earners. The societal changes were considered instrumental for women’s ability to make choices. In the latter period, discussions about motherhood as a barrier to women’s participation in the workforce were minimal. Mothers embraced the Nordic earner–carer model and even-handedly discussed their careers and motherhood. Motherhood was framed as a joyful enterprise and an individual choice that marked the pathway to women’s personal and emotional fulfilment. We conclude that discursive-affective constructions of motherhood imply neoliberal models of subjectivity that draw attention away from structural inequalities. In both periods, the public construction of motherhood revolved around the experiences of privileged, white, middle-class and heterosexual women, with limited attention to the experiences of marginalized mothers.","PeriodicalId":45485,"journal":{"name":"NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"236 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44269693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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