Pub Date : 1984-01-01DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1984.10594139
Jerome M. Clubb, M. Vinovskis
{"title":"Training and retraining in quantitative methods of social research","authors":"Jerome M. Clubb, M. Vinovskis","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1984.10594139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1984.10594139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1984.10594139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-07-01DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1983.10594104
M. Ornstein
An example of the application of modern statistical methods to the analysis of multivariate contingency tables of historical data is presented. The example involves a four-way cross-tabulation of urbanization by province by occupation of head of household by household type using data from individual records from the 1871 census of Canada. An overview of discrete multivariate analysis is first presented before it is applied to the example selected. (ANNOTATION)
{"title":"Discrete multivariate analysis: an example from the 1871 Canadian census","authors":"M. Ornstein","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1983.10594104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1983.10594104","url":null,"abstract":"An example of the application of modern statistical methods to the analysis of multivariate contingency tables of historical data is presented. The example involves a four-way cross-tabulation of urbanization by province by occupation of head of household by household type using data from individual records from the 1871 census of Canada. An overview of discrete multivariate analysis is first presented before it is applied to the example selected. (ANNOTATION)","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1983.10594104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-01-01DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1983.10594099
G. Alter
The author addresses "three problems in converting data from life contingent contracts into mortality estimates. First [he discusses] how age period and cohort effects can be identified and the construction of age specific mortality rates for periods and cohorts. Second an indirect standardization procedure for estimating the overall level of mortality from a partial life table [is] proposed. Third bias due to the selection of healthy nominees in annuities and insurance [is] discussed and shown to be a period effect of short duration." "The methods presented here were developed for use with the records of a life annuity sold in Amsterdam between 1586 and 1590 which are used for illustration." (EXCERPT)
{"title":"Estimating mortality from annuities, insurance, and other life contingent contracts.","authors":"G. Alter","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1983.10594099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1983.10594099","url":null,"abstract":"The author addresses \"three problems in converting data from life contingent contracts into mortality estimates. First [he discusses] how age period and cohort effects can be identified and the construction of age specific mortality rates for periods and cohorts. Second an indirect standardization procedure for estimating the overall level of mortality from a partial life table [is] proposed. Third bias due to the selection of healthy nominees in annuities and insurance [is] discussed and shown to be a period effect of short duration.\" \"The methods presented here were developed for use with the records of a life annuity sold in Amsterdam between 1586 and 1590 which are used for illustration.\" (EXCERPT)","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1983.10594099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-01-01DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1983.10594105
S. Watkins, M. Gutmann
Some problems encountered in using population registers to study the process of fertility decline are described using the example of La Hulpe Belgium during the nineteenth century. Particular attention is paid to potential biases introduced into both traditional and nontraditional demographic measures by the characteristics of the population register. Consideration is given to when the exposure to risk of pregnancy begins and ends to problems of time and space and to how the data available can be used to measure the process of fertility decline. (ANNOTATION)
{"title":"Methodological issues in the use of population registers for fertility analysis.","authors":"S. Watkins, M. Gutmann","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1983.10594105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1983.10594105","url":null,"abstract":"Some problems encountered in using population registers to study the process of fertility decline are described using the example of La Hulpe Belgium during the nineteenth century. Particular attention is paid to potential biases introduced into both traditional and nontraditional demographic measures by the characteristics of the population register. Consideration is given to when the exposure to risk of pregnancy begins and ends to problems of time and space and to how the data available can be used to measure the process of fertility decline. (ANNOTATION)","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1983.10594105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-01-01DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1982.10594087
S. Tolnay, S. Graham, A. Guest
Uses data from a 1/750 household sample of the 1900 census manuscripts to make own-child estimates of fertility behavior among American white women in the years between 1886 and 1899. Fertility behavior is estimated by linking children's records with those of their mothers. New estimates of American total fertility rates for each year are provided separately for native and foreign-born whites. The degree of conscious control of fertility at this important period in American demographic history is estimated on the basis of age-specific patterns of reproduction. Variations in fertility patterns within major regional and urban-rural residence categories are analyzed, especially for the last 5 years of the century. Data on trends in fertility in the last 14 years of the century suggest the close correspondence between the fertility decline and the development of a mass educational system, particularly for native whites. Patterns for the foreign born during this time period are less easily interpretable within a modernization framework. Evidence on patterns of family limitation indicates the degree to which this period represented a transition from the minimal degree of conscious control over fertility at earlier points in the 19th century to the extremely rationalized system of reproduction which developed after 1940. The significant amount of fertility control at this time is not surprising, given other related studies, particularly since highly effective methods of birth control were probably not generally practiced. Abortion, however, may have been a very important means of family limitation. Patterns of reproduction in the late 1880s were highly varied within the United States. Native white women in the urban North Atlantic region had essentially achieved modern patterns of fertility limitation by the turn of the century, while Southern farm women were only a few steps removed from natural fertility. Important questions are raised concerning how populations with relatively similar cultural and ethnic heritages could achieve such different reproduction patterns. Charts and graphs illustrating birth rates, fertility rates and patterns are given.
{"title":"Own-child estimates of U. S. white fertility, 1886-1899.","authors":"S. Tolnay, S. Graham, A. Guest","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1982.10594087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1982.10594087","url":null,"abstract":"Uses data from a 1/750 household sample of the 1900 census manuscripts to make own-child estimates of fertility behavior among American white women in the years between 1886 and 1899. Fertility behavior is estimated by linking children's records with those of their mothers. New estimates of American total fertility rates for each year are provided separately for native and foreign-born whites. The degree of conscious control of fertility at this important period in American demographic history is estimated on the basis of age-specific patterns of reproduction. Variations in fertility patterns within major regional and urban-rural residence categories are analyzed, especially for the last 5 years of the century. Data on trends in fertility in the last 14 years of the century suggest the close correspondence between the fertility decline and the development of a mass educational system, particularly for native whites. Patterns for the foreign born during this time period are less easily interpretable within a modernization framework. Evidence on patterns of family limitation indicates the degree to which this period represented a transition from the minimal degree of conscious control over fertility at earlier points in the 19th century to the extremely rationalized system of reproduction which developed after 1940. The significant amount of fertility control at this time is not surprising, given other related studies, particularly since highly effective methods of birth control were probably not generally practiced. Abortion, however, may have been a very important means of family limitation. Patterns of reproduction in the late 1880s were highly varied within the United States. Native white women in the urban North Atlantic region had essentially achieved modern patterns of fertility limitation by the turn of the century, while Southern farm women were only a few steps removed from natural fertility. Important questions are raised concerning how populations with relatively similar cultural and ethnic heritages could achieve such different reproduction patterns. Charts and graphs illustrating birth rates, fertility rates and patterns are given.","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1982.10594087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-01-01DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1982.10594074
B. Laslett
This paper will discuss one central methodological issue in the historical study of changes in the American family--the coding and classification of household structure from information available on the individual federal census schedules. The historical case that will illustrate the procedures employed is Los Angeles California between 1850 and 1900. The factors involved in the choice of coding techniques used to create a machine-readable data file are examined. (EXCERPT)
{"title":"Rethinking household structure: A new system of classification","authors":"B. Laslett","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1982.10594074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1982.10594074","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will discuss one central methodological issue in the historical study of changes in the American family--the coding and classification of household structure from information available on the individual federal census schedules. The historical case that will illustrate the procedures employed is Los Angeles California between 1850 and 1900. The factors involved in the choice of coding techniques used to create a machine-readable data file are examined. (EXCERPT)","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1982.10594074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-01-01DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1982.10594077
K. Lynch
A general review of recent trends in historical demographic research is presented. While noting a continuing concentration on local-level analysis based on the techniques of family reconstitution developed by Louis Henry the author also finds a trend toward an increasingly interdisciplinary approach to historical demographic problems. Specific trends identified include the integration of demographic analysis with issues of broader historical interest innovations in the use of under-exploited sources of data and a growing effort to disentangle relationships among demographic socioeconomic political and biological-epidemiological conditions of past populations.
{"title":"Local and regional studies in historical demography.","authors":"K. Lynch","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1982.10594077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1982.10594077","url":null,"abstract":"A general review of recent trends in historical demographic research is presented. While noting a continuing concentration on local-level analysis based on the techniques of family reconstitution developed by Louis Henry the author also finds a trend toward an increasingly interdisciplinary approach to historical demographic problems. Specific trends identified include the integration of demographic analysis with issues of broader historical interest innovations in the use of under-exploited sources of data and a growing effort to disentangle relationships among demographic socioeconomic political and biological-epidemiological conditions of past populations.","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1982.10594077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-01-01DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1982.10594083
D. Dietrich
{"title":"Psychohistory: Clio on the couch - or off?","authors":"D. Dietrich","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1982.10594083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1982.10594083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1982.10594083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-17DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1981.10594065
Gary P. Kocolowski
{"title":"Alternatives to record-linkage in the study of urban migration: the uses of naturalization records","authors":"Gary P. Kocolowski","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1981.10594065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1981.10594065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1981-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1981.10594065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-01-01DOI: 10.1080/01615440.1981.10594059
G. Condran, J. Seaman
The authors describe the results of efforts to link information on black decedents from the 1880-1881 death register of Philadelphia to the 1880 U.S. census using a hand-linkage procedures with regard to the numbers of links and the biases of the linked files produced by each (ANNOTATION)
{"title":"Linkage of the 1880-81 Philadelphia death register to the 1880 manuscript census: a comparison of hand and machine-record linkage techniques.","authors":"G. Condran, J. Seaman","doi":"10.1080/01615440.1981.10594059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1981.10594059","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe the results of efforts to link information on black decedents from the 1880-1881 death register of Philadelphia to the 1880 U.S. census using a hand-linkage procedures with regard to the numbers of links and the biases of the linked files produced by each (ANNOTATION)","PeriodicalId":45535,"journal":{"name":"Historical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01615440.1981.10594059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59230650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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