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New Evidence of Grinding Activities in Patagonian Steppe during the Late Holocene (ca. 2000 Years BP): the Laguna Azul Site (Somuncurá Plateau, Río Negro Province, Argentina) 全新世晚期巴塔哥尼亚草原研磨活动的新证据(约2000年BP):拉古纳-阿祖尔遗址(SomuncuráPlateau,Río Negro省,阿根廷)
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-17 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2087025
Jorgelina Vargas Gariglio, M. Giovannetti, V. Lynch
ABSTRACT is paper aims to present the first record of micro vegetable remains in grinding-stone tools found in hunter-gatherer contexts located in Laguna Azul (Somuncurá plateau, Argentina). These grinding-stone tools resulted from excavations of two hunting blinds (known as “parapets”) related to late Holocene radiocarbon dates of 1756 ± 28 years BP (D-007084; δ 13C = 20.2‰) and 1906 ± 26 years BP (D-007085; δ 13C = −19.8‰). The combination of micro-wear and starch grains studies allows us to discuss the autochthonous and allochthonous vegetation processing activities. From these remains, four types of vegetation with nutritive potential were identified: Chenopodaceas, Amaranthaceas, Prosopis sp. and Araucaria sp. The grinding stone tools’ microscopic analysis gave evidence of the specific processing motions employed. This evidence-based data enables us to discuss the relationship between the hunter-gatherers and their environment during the late Holocene and also to establish new assumptions about circuits of mobility and communication.
摘要:本文旨在介绍在阿根廷索蒙库拉高原拉古纳阿祖尔狩猎采集环境中发现的磨石工具中的第一个微型蔬菜遗骸记录。这些磨石工具源于对两个狩猎百叶窗(被称为“女儿墙”)的挖掘,这两个百叶窗与1756年全新世晚期的放射性碳年代有关 ± 28年BP(D-007084;δ13C = 20.2‰)和1906 ± 26年BP(D-007085;δ13C = −19.8‰)。微磨损和淀粉颗粒研究的结合使我们能够讨论本地和异地植被加工活动。从这些遗骸中,鉴定出四种具有营养潜力的植被:藜科、苋科、Prosopis sp.和Araucaria sp.。磨石工具的显微镜分析为所采用的特定加工运动提供了证据。这些基于证据的数据使我们能够讨论全新世晚期狩猎采集者与其环境之间的关系,并建立关于流动和通信回路的新假设。
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引用次数: 1
Analyzing skill in lithic dispersions using width, thickness and width-by-thickness ratio 运用宽度、厚度和宽比分析分散体的技巧
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2084228
Manek Kolhatkar
ABSTRACT Lithic dispersions are spreads of various shapes (e.g. tools, preforms, cores, flakes, blades) that have been discarded by stone knappers at similar or various steps of their development. They extend beyond archaeologists’ chronological and spatial boundaries. They hold information on past techniques and practices. To explore that information, archaeologists need to work through the various processes that shaped lithic dispersions. I argue that skill is a process that can help reframe stone knapping to better take into account the dispersion that stone knappers generate. I show how width, thickness and width-by-thickness (W/T) ratios can be used to understand how knappers enacted various levels of skill while working their various bifacial preforms at the dense plowed site of La Martre (Quebec, Canada). This points at ways that archaeologists can work outside of culture-historical, cognitive or mechanistic frameworks to explore past social practices where spatial and chronological control is lacking.
石器分散体是由石匠在其发展的相似或不同步骤中丢弃的各种形状(如工具、预制体、岩心、薄片、刀片)的散布体。它们超越了考古学家的时间和空间界限。它们保存着过去技术和实践的信息。为了探索这些信息,考古学家需要研究形成石器分散的各种过程。我认为,技能是一个过程,可以帮助重新定义石头敲击,以更好地考虑到石头敲击产生的分散。我展示了如何使用宽度、厚度和宽比(W/T)比率来理解在La Martre(加拿大魁北克省)密集的犁地工作时,如何制定不同水平的技能。这指出了考古学家可以在文化历史,认知或机械框架之外工作的方法,以探索缺乏空间和时间控制的过去社会实践。
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引用次数: 2
An Introduction to the Late Pleistocene Lithic Industries in the East of the Iranian Plateau in Light of the New Findings from Sarbisheh Plain 从萨尔比舍平原的新发现看伊朗高原东部晚更新世的锂工业
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2082028
A. Sadraei, M. Farjami, Roghayeh Zafaranlou, Hossein Vahedi
ABSTRACT In the present study, in the first step, we introduce and study the newly-discovered site of Kalateh Mohammad Laleh in Sarbisheh plain and then by combining this collection and the lithic artifacts of the other four sites, namely Kiaram, Khunik, Kalateh Shour and Chehel Dokhtaran, we investigate the main characteristics of their lithic artifacts. Accordingly, in the two collections of Kiaram and Khunik, an industry similar to the Zagros Mousterian industry can be observed and in the other two collections of Kalateh Shour and Chehel Dokhtaran, the dominant Levallois Technique can be traced. Although our studies show a relative correlation between the Kalateh Mohammad Laleh collection and the two collections of Kiaram and Khunik, the sampling error of surface collections should not be ignored. This, along with the lack of stratigraphic evidence, poses serious challenges for achieving a clear picture of the lithic industries of east the Iranian plateau.
摘要在本研究中,我们首先介绍和研究了萨尔比舍平原新发现的卡拉特赫·穆罕默德·拉勒遗址,然后通过将该收藏与其他四个遗址Kiaram、Khunik、卡拉特赫·绍尔和Chehel Dokhtaran的石器文物相结合,探讨了其石器文物的主要特征。因此,在Kiaram和Khunik的两个收藏中,可以观察到类似于Zagros Mousterian工业的工业,而在Kalateh Shour和Chehel Dokhtaran的另外两个收藏,可以追溯到占主导地位的Levallois技术。尽管我们的研究表明,Kalateh Mohammad Laleh藏品与Kiaram和Khunik两个藏品之间存在相对相关性,但不应忽视表面藏品的采样误差。这一点,加上缺乏地层证据,对清晰了解伊朗高原东部的石器工业构成了严重挑战。
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引用次数: 1
Techno-Typological Study of Tepe Abdul Hosein Stone Tools based on the National Museum Collection 基于国家博物馆藏品的阿卜杜尔侯赛因石制工具的技术类型学研究
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-26 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2075646
Mohammad Eghbal Chehri, Seyyedeh Faezeh Sedighi
ABSTRACT Tepe Abdul Hosein in Khaveh plain, as one of the key sites of early Neolithic in Central Zagros, has been excavated by Judith Pullar. One of the most important data of this site is the stone tools that are currently kept in the warehouse of the National Museum of Iran and apart from Pullar studies, no other work has been done on them so far. In this article, in addition to reviewing the Pullar typology on the tools from the site, it is dedicated to the study of 317 selected stone tools of TAH. The study of the raw material and technological structure of TAH stone tools showed that the production of tools were done in the site.The tradition of making these tools are similar to the tools in other early Neolithic sites of Central Zagros-Kermanshah group-which- can be considered as a continuation of the tradition of M'lefaat.
摘要Judith Pullar在Zagros中部的Khaveh平原发掘了新石器时代早期的重要遗址之一Tepe Abdul Hosein。该遗址最重要的数据之一是目前保存在伊朗国家博物馆仓库中的石器,除Pullar研究外,迄今为止还没有对其进行其他研究。在本文中,除了回顾遗址上石器的Pullar类型外,还专门研究了317件TAH石器。对TAH石器的原材料和工艺结构的研究表明,工具的生产是在现场进行的。制造这些工具的传统与扎格罗斯-克尔曼沙赫中部其他新石器时代早期遗址的工具相似,可以认为是M'lefat传统的延续。
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引用次数: 1
Prehistoric stone tools of Eastern Africa: a guide 东非史前石器:指南
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2080461
E. P. Wilson
Keeley, L. (1980). Experimental determination of stone tool uses: A microwear analysis. University of Chicago Press. Semenov, S. A. (1964). Prehistoric technology: An experimental study of the oldest tools and artefacts from traces of manufacture and wear. [Translated and with a pref. by M.W. Thomson]. Barnes and Noble. Pamela Willoughby Department of Anthropology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Pam.Willoughby@ualberta.ca
Keeley,L.(1980)。石器用途的实验测定:微观磨损分析。芝加哥大学出版社。塞梅诺夫,S.A.(1964)。史前技术:从制造和磨损的痕迹中对最古老的工具和手工艺品进行的实验研究。[由M.W.Thomson翻译,并附有预印本]。Barnes and Noble。Pamela Willoughby加拿大阿尔伯塔省埃德蒙顿阿尔伯塔大学人类学系Pam.Willoughby@ualberta.ca
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引用次数: 1
The Influence of Tool Morphology on Visual Attention During the Interaction with Lower Palaeolithic Stone Tools 旧石器时代晚期石器交互作用中工具形态对视觉注意的影响
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2070335
María Silva-Gago, Annapaola Fedato, T. Hodgson, Marcos Terradillos-Bernal, R. Alonso-Alcalde, E. Bruner
ABSTRACT Humans are specialized in eye-hand coordination through a complex visuospatial system. When a tool is observed, the motor areas of the brain are activated and, when grasped, it is sensed as a part of the body. One approach to understanding the underlying mechanisms behind this process regards the analysis of visual attention. Vision influences the spatial interaction with tools and plays a crucial role in the perception of an object’s affordances. In this study, we employ eye-tracking technology to investigate whether Lower Palaeolithic stone tool morphology influences visual attention during visual exploration and manipulation. Our results suggest that the handaxe morphology has a moderate influence on the visual scanning of the tool. In contrast, visual exploration of the chopper is only influenced by the weight of the tool. The different visual behaviours exerted by these two technologies suggest divergences in the visuospatial process underlying the interaction with these tools.
摘要人类通过复杂的视觉空间系统来进行眼手协调。当观察到工具时,大脑的运动区域会被激活,当被抓住时,它会被感知为身体的一部分。理解这一过程背后的潜在机制的一种方法是对视觉注意力的分析。视觉影响与工具的空间互动,并在感知物体的可供性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在这项研究中,我们使用眼动追踪技术来研究旧石器时代晚期的石器形态是否会影响视觉探索和操作过程中的视觉注意力。我们的结果表明,手斧形态对工具的视觉扫描有适度的影响。相比之下,斩波器的视觉探索仅受工具重量的影响。这两种技术所产生的不同视觉行为表明,与这些工具交互的视觉空间过程存在差异。
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引用次数: 0
Macanas in the Postclassic Maya Lowlands? A Preliminary Look 后古典玛雅低地的马卡纳人?初步观察
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-15 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2064126
P. Rice
ABSTRACT Abundant obsidian prismatic blade segments in late (Late Postclassic/Colonial; ca. AD 1300–1700) lowland Maya lithic assemblages, generally ignored, are evaluated against the possibility that they were used in macanas, broadsword-like weapons resembling the Aztec macuahuitl, as attested by Spanish chroniclers. Measurements of 4,664 segments, proximal, medial, and distal, from seven sites around the central Peten (Guatemala) lakes, plus Tipu and Santa Rita Corozal (Belize) and Mayapan (Yucatan, Mexico), were analyzed. Segment dimensions are highly variable, both within and between sites, but appear to have had two modal sizes, rectangular (minimally 12 × 8 mm) and smaller and squarish (around 10–12 mm square). Macanas themselves also may have been made in two sizes, small and large. Although it cannot be proven that the segments were used in Maya macanas, the possibility warrants further study.
摘要晚期(后古典主义晚期/殖民地时期;约公元1300–1700年)玛雅低地石器时代组合中大量的黑曜石棱柱形刀片片段,通常被忽视,根据西班牙编年史家所证实的它们被用于猕猴的可能性进行评估,猕猴是一种类似阿兹特克macuahuitl的大刀状武器。分析了来自中央佩滕湖(危地马拉)周围七个地点的4664个近端、中间和远端的测量值,以及蒂普和圣丽塔-科罗扎尔湖(伯利兹)和马亚潘湖(墨西哥尤卡坦)。分段尺寸在站点内和站点之间都是高度可变的,但似乎有两种模态尺寸,矩形(最小12 × 8. mm)和更小且呈方形(约10-12 平方毫米)。猕猴本身也可能有两种尺寸,小的和大的。尽管无法证明这些片段曾用于玛雅猕猴,但这种可能性值得进一步研究。
{"title":"Macanas in the Postclassic Maya Lowlands? A Preliminary Look","authors":"P. Rice","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2022.2064126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2022.2064126","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Abundant obsidian prismatic blade segments in late (Late Postclassic/Colonial; ca. AD 1300–1700) lowland Maya lithic assemblages, generally ignored, are evaluated against the possibility that they were used in macanas, broadsword-like weapons resembling the Aztec macuahuitl, as attested by Spanish chroniclers. Measurements of 4,664 segments, proximal, medial, and distal, from seven sites around the central Peten (Guatemala) lakes, plus Tipu and Santa Rita Corozal (Belize) and Mayapan (Yucatan, Mexico), were analyzed. Segment dimensions are highly variable, both within and between sites, but appear to have had two modal sizes, rectangular (minimally 12 × 8 mm) and smaller and squarish (around 10–12 mm square). Macanas themselves also may have been made in two sizes, small and large. Although it cannot be proven that the segments were used in Maya macanas, the possibility warrants further study.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46519241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Introducing Pandado: a newly discovered Acheulean site in the central Narmada Valley (CNV), India 熊猫:印度纳尔马达山谷(CNV)中部新发现的阿舍利遗址
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2058789
Vivek Singh, Shantanu Katiyar
ABSTRACT The central Narmada valley (CNV) is well-known for yielding rich Paleolithic and fossil sites in the Indian Subcontinent. The earliest dated evidence in the CNV is at least 800 Ka old, and out of all Paleolithic technologies, Acheulean is most represented. In the absence of absolute dates, lithic technology has been provisionally used here as a criterion for defining the relative chrono-cultural affinities of the Paleolithic sites. Here, we present the assemblage from Pandado, a newly discovered Acheulean occurrence in the northern part of the valley. This site lies in close proximity to Pilikarar, known for its rich occurrence of Early Acheulean assemblages. Pandado is represented by two lithic localities, which has yielded 279 artifacts from surface and in situ stratified contexts. Typo-technological analysis and comparative data from other Indian Acheulean sites have been used. Based on the results, the data indicates that Pandado is closely associated with Early Acheulean technology.
摘要印度次大陆中部的纳尔马达山谷(CNV)以出产丰富的旧石器时代和化石遗址而闻名。CNV中最早的年代证据至少有800 Ka的历史,在所有旧石器时代的技术中,Acheulean最具代表性。在没有绝对日期的情况下,这里暂时使用了石器技术作为确定旧石器时代遗址相对时间文化亲缘关系的标准。在这里,我们展示了Pandado的组合,Pandado是山谷北部新发现的Acheulean产状。该遗址紧邻Pilikarar,以其丰富的早期阿舍利组合而闻名。Pandado以两个石器时代的地方为代表,从地表和原地分层的环境中产生了279件文物。已经使用了打字技术分析和来自其他印度阿舍利遗址的比较数据。基于这些结果,数据表明Pandado与Early Acheulean技术密切相关。
{"title":"Introducing Pandado: a newly discovered Acheulean site in the central Narmada Valley (CNV), India","authors":"Vivek Singh, Shantanu Katiyar","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2022.2058789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2022.2058789","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The central Narmada valley (CNV) is well-known for yielding rich Paleolithic and fossil sites in the Indian Subcontinent. The earliest dated evidence in the CNV is at least 800 Ka old, and out of all Paleolithic technologies, Acheulean is most represented. In the absence of absolute dates, lithic technology has been provisionally used here as a criterion for defining the relative chrono-cultural affinities of the Paleolithic sites. Here, we present the assemblage from Pandado, a newly discovered Acheulean occurrence in the northern part of the valley. This site lies in close proximity to Pilikarar, known for its rich occurrence of Early Acheulean assemblages. Pandado is represented by two lithic localities, which has yielded 279 artifacts from surface and in situ stratified contexts. Typo-technological analysis and comparative data from other Indian Acheulean sites have been used. Based on the results, the data indicates that Pandado is closely associated with Early Acheulean technology.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48238110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Lithic residue analysis – a review and guide to techniques Lithic残留物分析——技术综述和指南
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2052470
P. Willoughby
{"title":"Lithic residue analysis – a review and guide to techniques","authors":"P. Willoughby","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2022.2052470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2022.2052470","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41668571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The DISAPALE Project: A New Digital Repository of Lithic and Bone Artefacts DISAPALE项目:一个新的石器和骨制品数字资源库
IF 1.7 3区 社会学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/01977261.2022.2048511
G. Di Maida, Sebastian Hageneuer
ABSTRACT As for every aspect in our daily lives, in the past two decades a digital turn has stormed Archaeology. More specifically, in the field of Palaeolithic research, 3D recording methods are currently starting to become an established standard in the documentation, study and analysis of lithic artefacts. Once made available to public, the DISAPALE project will represent one of the largest 3D-models repository of lithic artefact: after introducing the project, its goals and main characteristics, the paper first contextualizes the specific nature of the blank material in relation to the 3D recording techniques, and then presents a significant example of the workflow that has been implemented during the DISAPALE project and a comparison between 3D models of three objects realized with two different methods, briefly discussing their relative pros and cons.
在我们日常生活的方方面面,在过去的二十年里,数字化浪潮席卷了考古学。更具体地说,在旧石器时代研究领域,3D记录方法目前开始成为记录、研究和分析石器文物的既定标准。一旦向公众开放,DISAPALE项目将成为最大的3d模型存储库之一。在介绍了该项目及其目标和主要特点之后,本文首先将空白材料的具体性质与3D记录技术联系起来,然后介绍了DISAPALE项目中实施的工作流程的一个重要示例,并比较了用两种不同方法实现的三种物体的3D模型,简要讨论了它们的相对优缺点。
{"title":"The DISAPALE Project: A New Digital Repository of Lithic and Bone Artefacts","authors":"G. Di Maida, Sebastian Hageneuer","doi":"10.1080/01977261.2022.2048511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2022.2048511","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As for every aspect in our daily lives, in the past two decades a digital turn has stormed Archaeology. More specifically, in the field of Palaeolithic research, 3D recording methods are currently starting to become an established standard in the documentation, study and analysis of lithic artefacts. Once made available to public, the DISAPALE project will represent one of the largest 3D-models repository of lithic artefact: after introducing the project, its goals and main characteristics, the paper first contextualizes the specific nature of the blank material in relation to the 3D recording techniques, and then presents a significant example of the workflow that has been implemented during the DISAPALE project and a comparison between 3D models of three objects realized with two different methods, briefly discussing their relative pros and cons.","PeriodicalId":45597,"journal":{"name":"Lithic Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41450122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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Lithic Technology
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