Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies最新文献_第3页

From establishment to scaling up of an SME in the IT sector: deliberate and emergent strategies as critical essentials for the sustainable business model 信息技术行业中小企业从成立到扩大规模：作为可持续商业模式关键要素的深思熟虑和新兴战略

IF 3.6 Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-02-2023-0048

Juan Martin Ireta-Sanchez

<h3>Purpose</h3><p>The purpose of this study is to identify the business strategies that entrepreneurs have formulated to establish the business with the intention of scaling up in the information technology (IT) sector in Chile, given that they have managed to scale up sustainably at an average annual rate of 73.3% and an average annual employee growth rate of 37% for four consecutive years after an establishment period of 25 months.</p><h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3><p>Three methodological steps were used to identify which strategic initiatives are relevant to the establishment of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on the path to scaling up. The first part consisted of identifying the literature and defining the research propositions and research questions. The second part was to prepare, collect and analyse the data to conduct the research by applying, transcribing, reviewing and coding the sources of evidence to explore how SMEs are able to develop strategic initiatives for the start-up process. The final stage was to validate the research proposal to identify potential strategic initiatives identified during the multi-case study.</p><h3>Findings</h3><p>As a result of the data analysis and empirical findings, three deliberate strategic initiatives were identified: staying engaged with customers, delivering successful business solutions and articulating social capital. However, in crisis situations, entrepreneurs readjust their strategies based on their management skills and an emergent strategic initiative was identified as securing the financial structure and revolutionising change. While this research was not designed to identify personal attributes, it did highlight the importance of adaptation and learning as a skill to drive the business model for scaling up during the establishment of their business.</p><h3>Research limitations/implications</h3><p>It is clear that the study focused on Chile and cannot be replicated in other regions or sectors due to the characteristics of the sample itself, but it provides empirical evidence that there are cycles prior to scale up that need to be understood. The findings were empirically validated during the establishment phase, but the deliberate and emergent strategic initiatives that consolidated the SME to prepare for its scale-up process are not evident in the theory.</p><h3>Practical implications</h3><p>The IT sector will continue to grow and change after the pandemic, and the global economy will use more digital systems, creating new ways of working with the use of IT. This context will impact on SMEs where strategies, whether deliberate or emergent, will need to be part of the new business models, and therefore, caution should be exercised when using the results of this study. Public and private institutions should educate and guide entrepreneurs for the potential scaling up

本研究的目的是，鉴于智利信息技术（IT）行业的创业者在 25 个月的创业期之后，能够以 73.3% 的年均增长率和 37% 的年均员工增长率连续四年持续扩大规模，本研究旨在确定这些创业者在创业过程中为扩大规模而制定的商业战略。第一部分包括确定文献和研究命题及研究问题。第二部分是准备、收集和分析数据，通过应用、誊写、审查和编码证据来源来开展研究，以探讨中小企业如何在创业过程中制定战略举措。最后一个阶段是验证研究方案，以确定在多案例研究过程中发现的潜在战略举措。然而，在危机情况下，企业家们会根据自己的管理技能重新调整战略，一项新出现的战略举措被确定为确保财务结构和彻底变革。虽然这项研究不是为了确定个人特质，但它确实强调了适应和学习的重要性，这是在创业过程中推动扩大规模的商业模式的一项技能。研究局限性/影响很明显，这项研究的重点是智利，由于样本本身的特点，无法在其他地区或行业复制，但它提供了经验证据，表明在扩大规模之前存在需要了解的周期。研究结果在企业建立阶段得到了经验验证，但在理论中并没有明显体现出巩固中小企业为扩大规模做准备的深思熟虑的和突发的战略举措。这一背景将对中小型企业产生影响，在这些企业中，无论是深思熟虑的战略还是新出现的战略，都需要成为新商业模式的一部分，因此，在使用本研究的结果时应谨慎行事。根据《2021-2022 年全球创业观察》（Hill et al.）扩大规模最早可在成立后 25 个月开始，打破了中小企业必须在 3.5 年内成立的理论范式。这一时期不能一概而论，因为信息技术行业的商机更快。社会影响教育机构和公共部门一直在努力改变企业文化，使其认识到加强创业精神的重要性，但在教育形式中，往往对中小企业创建构成挑战的新兴战略的教学尚未普及。这不仅是对教育机构的挑战，也是对试图预测全球经济不断变化的企业家的挑战。本研究为创建更有活力的商业模式提供了一个机会，使其更有意识地进行风险规划。原创性/价值虽然文献证实了这些研究结果，但本研究提供了一个预扩展图景，将这两个重要阶段联系在一起，以深思熟虑战略和突发战略为轴心。研究结果证实，中小企业要想继续扩大业务规模，就必须在成立之初正确嵌入五项战略举措。然而，在新兴经济体中，关于企业家如何找到扩大规模的正确道路，还缺乏经验证据。

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引用次数: 0

A contingency study of the performance of new venture logistics firms in Nigeria 尼日利亚新创物流公司业绩的权变研究

IF 3.6 Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-03-2023-0128

Livingstone Divine Caesar, Mark Eshun, Frank Mawuyome Kwame Gamadey, Akinyele Okeremi

Purpose

High failure rates characterise the experience of new entrepreneurial ventures in Nigeria and other emerging economies. Reliance on strategic tools such as entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is critical to the growth and survival of new ventures. This empirical study aims to deepen the understanding of the relationship between EO and performance of new venture logistics firms in Nigeria. It further explores the contingent effects of social capital and marketing capabilities on the hypothesised direct relationships from a transport industry perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

Managers of 650 new venture logistics service providers in selected Nigerian cities were Web-surveyed. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. Regression analysis was further performed. Common method variance and other validity checks were assessed.

Findings

The 469 valid responses showed a positive relationship between EO and new venture performance (NVP). Social capital and marketing capabilities positively moderate the direct relationship between EO and NVP. Managerial implications suggest that context-specific dynamics must be considered when making strategic EO decisions to aid firm growth and survival.

Originality/value

This study directly responds to the contingency approach recommendation of past studies (Anwar et al., 2022; Van Stel et al., 2021; Covin and Wales, 2019) using the logistics service and emerging economy context. It also introduces social capital and marketing capabilities as moderators.

目的高失败率是尼日利亚和其他新兴经济体新创业企业的特点。依靠创业导向（EO）等战略工具对新创企业的成长和生存至关重要。本实证研究旨在加深对 EO 与尼日利亚新创物流公司业绩之间关系的理解。本研究从运输业的角度，进一步探讨了社会资本和营销能力对假设的直接关系所产生的偶然影响。进行了探索性和确认性因素分析。进一步进行了回归分析。调查结果显示，469 份有效答卷表明，EO 与新创企业绩效（NVP）之间存在正相关关系。社会资本和营销能力对 EO 与 NVP 之间的直接关系起到了积极的调节作用。本研究直接回应了过去研究（Anwar 等人，2022 年；Van Stel 等人，2021 年；Covin 和 Wales，2019 年）利用物流服务和新兴经济背景提出的应急方法建议。研究还引入了社会资本和营销能力作为调节因素。

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引用次数: 0

An effectuation approach to sustainable entrepreneurship 可持续创业的效果评估方法

IF 3.6 Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-06-2023-0252

Samuel Dawa, Jonathan Marks

PurposeThis paper aims to explain the occurrence of sustainable entrepreneurship in the underresearched sub-Saharan Africa context and to improve the understanding of how effectuation manifests in this context.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a qualitative research approach based on multiple case studies. Responses were sourced from owners, employees, suppliers, the community and customers of sustainable entrepreneurial firms. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews, document reviews and observations. The Gioia analytical approach was used.FindingsOverall, the authors find the concept of effectuation to be well-suited to capturing the processes through which individuals with limited means seek to engage in sustainable entrepreneurship. The authors also identify three pervasive practices that are key to understanding effectuation in the developing country context: complementation of indigenous knowledge with modern science, compassion and pluriactivity.Practical implicationsThis study underscores the importance of co-creation, diversification of revenue sources and the role of emotional awareness and interpersonal skills in entrepreneurial endeavors.Originality/valueThis study, therefore, contributes new knowledge about the mechanisms through which entrepreneurs faced with resource constraints use control as opposed to prediction strategies to exploit sustainable entrepreneurship opportunities. In so doing, this study contributes to entrepreneurship theory by proposing the integration of cognitive and affective dimensions in realizing sustainable entrepreneurship goals.

本文旨在解释可持续创业在研究不足的撒哈拉以南非洲背景下的发生，并提高对这种背景下效果如何体现的理解。设计/方法/方法本研究采用基于多个案例研究的定性研究方法。问卷调查的对象包括业主、员工、供应商、社区和可持续创业公司的客户。数据收集方法包括深度访谈、文献回顾和观察。采用焦亚分析法。总的来说，作者发现效果的概念非常适合于捕捉手段有限的个人寻求参与可持续创业的过程。这组作者还确定了三种普遍的做法，它们是理解发展中国家背景下的效果的关键:用现代科学补充本土知识、同情心和多样性。本研究强调了共同创造的重要性、收入来源的多样化以及情感意识和人际交往能力在创业中的作用。独创性/价值因此，这项研究提供了关于面临资源约束的企业家利用控制而不是预测策略来开发可持续创业机会的机制的新知识。因此，本研究通过提出认知和情感维度在实现可持续创业目标中的整合，为创业理论做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

A more grounded view of ‘farmer entrepreneurship’: how Zimbabwean smallholder farmers fundamentally differ in their entrepreneurial behaviours 关于“农民创业”的更有根据的观点:津巴布韦小农的创业行为是如何从根本上不同的

IF 3.6 Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-02-2023-0044

Timothy Manyise, Domenico Dentoni, Jacques Trienekens

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the entrepreneurial behaviours exhibited by commercial smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe, focusing on their socio-economic characteristics, and considers their implication for outcomes of livelihood resilience in a resource-constrained and turbulent rural context.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used survey data collected from 430 smallholder farmers in Masvingo province, Zimbabwe. Using a two-step cluster analysis, the study constructed a typology of farmers based on their entrepreneurial behaviour and socio-economic characteristics.

Findings

The results revealed that commercial smallholder farmers are heterogeneous in terms of their entrepreneurial behaviours. Four clusters were identified: non-entrepreneurial, goal-driven, means-driven and ambidextrous. Beyond their entrepreneurial behaviours, these clusters significantly differ in the socio-economic characterises (gender, age, education levels, farm size, proximity to the market and social connection) and farm performance (seasonal sales per hectare and farm income per hectare).

Research limitations/implications

The typology framework relating farmers’ entrepreneurial behaviours to their socio-economic characteristics and business performance is important to tailor and therefore improve the effectiveness of farmer entrepreneurship programmes and policies. In particular, tailoring farmer entrepreneurship education is crucial to distribute land, finance and market resources in purposive ways to promote a combination of smallholder farmers’ effectual and causal behaviours at an early stage of their farm ventures.

Originality/value

Researchers still know little about which farmers’ behaviours are entrepreneurial and how these behaviours manifest in action during their commercial farm activities. This research leverages effectuation and causation theory to unveil previously overlooked distinctions on farmers’ entrepreneurial behaviours, thereby enhancing a more grounded understanding of farmer entrepreneurship in a resource-constrained context.

本文旨在调查津巴布韦商业小农所表现出的创业行为，重点关注他们的社会经济特征，并考虑他们在资源受限和动荡的农村背景下对生计弹性结果的影响。设计/方法/方法本研究使用了从津巴布韦马斯温戈省430名小农中收集的调查数据。利用两步聚类分析，该研究基于农民的创业行为和社会经济特征构建了农民的类型学。结果表明，商业小农的创业行为具有异质性。确定了四类:非创业型、目标驱动型、手段驱动型和双灵巧型。除了创业行为之外，这些集群在社会经济特征(性别、年龄、教育水平、农场规模、与市场的接近程度和社会联系)和农场绩效(每公顷的季节性销售额和每公顷的农场收入)方面也存在显著差异。将农民创业行为与其社会经济特征和经营绩效联系起来的类型学框架对于制定并因此提高农民创业计划和政策的有效性非常重要。特别是，量身定制的农民创业教育对于以有目的的方式分配土地、财政和市场资源，促进小农在其农业创业的早期阶段采取有效和因果行为的结合至关重要。独创性/价值研究人员对哪些农民行为是企业家精神，以及这些行为如何在他们的商业农场活动中表现出来，仍然知之甚少。本研究利用效用和因果关系理论揭示了以前被忽视的农民创业行为的差异，从而增强了对资源受限背景下农民创业的更有根据的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Historical prevalence of infectious diseases and entrepreneurship: evidence from 125 countries 传染病的历史流行率与企业家精神:来自125个国家的证据

IF 3.6 Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-06-2023-0222

Omang Ombolo Messono, Simplice Asongu

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effects of the historical prevalence of infectious diseases on contemporary entrepreneurship. Previous studies reveal numerous proximate causes of entrepreneurship, but little is known about the fundamental determinants of this widespread economic concern.

Design/methodology/approach

The central hypothesis is that historical pathogens exert persistent impacts on present-day entrepreneurship. The authors provide support for the underlying hypothesis using ordinary least squares and two-stage least squares with cross-sectional data from 125 countries consisting of the averages between 2006 and 2018.

Findings

Past diseases reduce entrepreneurship both directly and indirectly. The strongest indirect effects occur through GDP per capita, property rights, innovation, entrepreneurial attitudes, entrepreneurial abilities, entrepreneurial aspirations and skills. This result is robust to many sensitivity tests. Policymakers may take these findings into account and incorporate disease pathogens into the design of entrepreneurship.

Originality/value

The novelty of this paper lies in the adoption of a historical approach that sheds light on the deep historical roots of cross-country differences in entrepreneurship.

目的探讨历史传染病流行对当代企业家精神的影响。以前的研究揭示了许多创业的直接原因，但对这种广泛的经济关注的基本决定因素知之甚少。设计/方法/方法中心假设是，历史的病原体对当今的企业家精神产生持续的影响。作者使用普通最小二乘法和两阶段最小二乘法，用125个国家的横截面数据(包括2006年至2018年的平均值)为基本假设提供了支持。过去的疾病直接或间接地减少了企业家精神。最强烈的间接影响发生在人均国内生产总值、产权、创新、企业家态度、企业家能力、企业家愿望和技能方面。该结果对许多灵敏度测试都是可靠的。决策者可以考虑这些发现，并将疾病病原体纳入企业家精神的设计。本文的新颖之处在于采用了一种历史方法，揭示了跨国创业差异的深刻历史根源。

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引用次数: 0

GPT revolution and digital entrepreneurial intentions GPT革命和数字化创业意图

Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-07-2023-0260

Samer Abaddi

Purpose Generative pretrained transformers (GPTs), soaring to one million users at lightning speed, outpaced social media giants (15 times faster) (Buchholz, 2023). Despite this, scant research explored GPT’s impact on the digital entrepreneurial intentions (EIs) of students and tech-savvy generations. This study aims to pioneer a fusion of the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), bridging the gap in research. Design/methodology/approach In this bold quantitative quest, business administration students became fearless participants, engaging in a survey of profound significance. Guided by the mighty powers of G*Power and Stata’s structural equation modeling builder, the intricate relationships within a robust sample of ( n = 400) were unraveled. Findings The mediating power of GPT usefulness and GPT ease of use part of the TAM emerges, paving the way for a future brimming with digital entrepreneurship (DE) boundless possibilities. Predictably, the study found that TPB constructs also affect the EI of students. Originality/value This groundbreaking study brings together the powerful combination of TAM and TPB, while pioneering the exploration of GPT models’ mediating role. Its findings offer invaluable contributions to the field of DE and policymakers.

生成式预训练变压器(gpt)以闪电般的速度飙升至100万用户，超过了社交媒体巨头(快15倍)(Buchholz, 2023)。尽管如此，很少有研究探讨GPT对学生和精通技术的一代的数字创业意图(ei)的影响。本研究旨在探索技术接受模型(TAM)与计划行为理论(TPB)的融合，弥合研究的空白。在这个大胆的量化探索中，工商管理专业的学生成为无所畏惧的参与者，参与了一项意义深远的调查。在强大的G*Power和Stata的结构方程建模生成器的指导下，(n = 400)个健壮样本中的复杂关系被解开了。发现GPT有用性和GPT易用性在TAM中的中介作用显现出来，为未来充满数字创业(DE)无限可能性铺平了道路。不出所料，研究发现TPB构念也会影响学生的情商。这项开创性的研究将TAM和TPB强有力地结合在一起，同时开创了对GPT模型中介作用的探索。其研究结果为DE领域和政策制定者提供了宝贵的贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Succession intentions of daughters in family businesses: experiences from Sri Lanka 家族企业中女儿的接班意向:来自斯里兰卡的经验

Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-01-2023-0025

Hazel Melanie Ramos, Likun Zhan, Harini Jayasinghe

Purpose This paper aims to explore the succession intentions of daughters in family businesses in Sri Lanka by shedding light on the motives behind their willingness to succeed in the family business. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews was used to explore the factors that may influence succession intentions among a group of seven prospective successor-daughters. Findings Findings showed that while a majority of the daughters sampled have positive succession intentions, there were a few who were either undecided or unwilling. Interestingly, what motivated some daughters to be willing successors was also considered demotivating for others. Daughters perceived succession in family businesses to be impacted by both personal and family background, traditional gender-role expectations and other socio-cultural factors. Originality/value Findings from this study provide key insights into gender-related issues with regard to succession in family businesses.

本文旨在探讨斯里兰卡家族企业中女儿的继承意愿，揭示她们在家族企业中取得成功的意愿背后的动机。设计/方法/方法采用半结构化访谈的定性方法，探讨可能影响七名潜在继承人女儿继任意愿的因素。调查结果显示，虽然大多数被调查的女儿都有积极的继承意愿，但也有少数人犹豫不决或不愿意继承。有趣的是，促使一些女儿愿意成为接班人的因素，也被认为是让其他人失去动力的因素。女儿们认为家族企业的继承受到个人和家庭背景、传统性别角色期望和其他社会文化因素的影响。独创性/价值本研究的发现为家族企业中与继承相关的性别问题提供了重要见解。

引用次数: 0

The institutional context, entrepreneurship decisions, and venture types: evidence from Mexico 制度背景、创业决策和风险类型:来自墨西哥的证据

Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-06-2023-0253

Martin Ramirez-Urquidy, Jose N. Martinez, Pedro Orraca

Purpose The research aims to applying Baumol’s framework to address some research gaps in the literature. This paper aims to analyze how institutional variations at the subnational level impact entrepreneurship decisions and the path toward productive or unproductive entrepreneurship in an institutionally underdeveloped country. The results offer potentially new theoretical insights and practical implications for developing or emergent countries. Design/methodology/approach The research applies Baumol’s framework to Mexico’s context. The research collects data compounded by individual- and state-level variables from diverse sources for the 32 Mexican states. The individual level and some controls were obtained from sources of regular frequency, but the institutional variables were derived from surveys of irregular frequency, nonsynchronic and mostly nonoverlapping, which required aligning and centered them around 2016 and 2019 to match with the individual variables. The authors apply multilevel nonlinear mixed-effects probit regression to test nine hypotheses regarding the impact of institutional variables on entrepreneurial decisions and the path toward productive or unproductive entrepreneurship. Findings Improved formal institutions across the Mexican states reduce the entrepreneurship probability, implying interactions with other variables and indirect effects; encourage the selection of productive entrepreneurship, e.g. formal ventures; and discourage self-employment. Consequently, those institutions do not encourage entrepreneurship selection as an occupation but entrepreneurial quality, i.e. the selection of productive-formal entrepreneurship and larger ventures. Deficient informal institutions increase the entrepreneurship and formal entrepreneurship probabilities, implying the interactions with other variables and indirect effects and supporting the corruption “greases the wheels” hypothesis, consequently encouraging productive ventures. New evidence of the positive relationship between criminality and entrepreneurship types in Mexico is reported. Research limitations/implications Our findings indicate important impacts of the individual-level variables on the entrepreneurship decisions and that most of those decisions are potentially necessity driven and a minority are driven by opportunity, given their relationship with the macroeconomic controls and the institutional variables. The authors report mixed results on the relationship between institutions and entrepreneurship partially consistent with the literature; some results contribute additional evidence on controversial hypotheses or imply the existence of indirect effects. Overall, the results suggest that institutions impact the individual decisions to venture and the type of venture consequently affecting the amount and quality of entrepreneurship across states. Originality/value The research addresses some of the literature gaps by providing empirical evidence on a middle-income

本研究旨在应用Baumol的框架来解决文献中的一些研究空白。本文旨在分析在一个制度不发达的国家，地方层面的制度差异如何影响企业家决策以及生产性或非生产性企业家精神的路径。研究结果为发展中国家或新兴国家提供了潜在的新的理论见解和实践意义。该研究将Baumol的框架应用于墨西哥的背景。该研究收集了来自墨西哥32个州的不同来源的个人和州级变量的综合数据。个体水平和部分对照数据来自常规频率来源，但制度变量来自不规则频率、非共时性和大部分不重叠的调查，需要在2016年和2019年前后对其进行对齐和居中，以与个体变量匹配。作者运用多层非线性混合效应概率回归检验了9个关于制度变量对创业决策的影响以及通往生产性或非生产性创业的路径的假设。墨西哥各州正规制度的改善降低了创业概率，这意味着与其他变量的相互作用和间接影响;鼓励选择生产性企业，例如正规企业;不鼓励个体经营。因此，这些机构不鼓励选择企业家作为职业，而是鼓励企业家素质，即选择生产性正式企业家精神和较大的企业。缺乏的非正式制度增加了创业和正式创业的概率，暗示了与其他变量和间接效应的相互作用，支持了腐败“润滑车轮”假说，从而鼓励了生产性企业。报告了墨西哥犯罪与创业类型之间正相关的新证据。我们的研究结果表明，考虑到个人层面变量与宏观经济调控和制度变量的关系，大多数决策是潜在的必要性驱动的，少数决策是由机会驱动的。作者报告了制度与创业之间关系的混合结果，部分与文献一致;一些结果为有争议的假设提供了额外的证据，或暗示间接影响的存在。总体而言，研究结果表明，制度会影响个人的创业决策和创业类型，从而影响各州创业的数量和质量。原创性/价值本研究通过提供一个中等收入国家的经验证据，以及在一个制度不发达的国家，不同的区域制度背景(包括正式和非正式制度)如何影响个人的创业决策，解决了一些文献空白。这篇论文为新兴国家或发展中国家的企业家精神提供了新的知识和见解，对Baumol的框架在这一背景下的影响，并增加了关于一些制度之间关系的争论假设，例如腐败、犯罪和企业家精神。

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引用次数: 0

What drives the use of crowdfunding by micro-entrepreneurs in Morocco? – exploring fundraiser motives and characteristics 是什么推动了摩洛哥微型企业家使用众筹?——探究募捐动机和特点

Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-04-2023-0177

Hicham Meghouar, Hibat-Allah Ezzahid, Rotem Shneor

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify motivations for the uptake of crowdfunding by micro-entrepreneurs in an emerging economy and the extent to which these vary by entrepreneur characteristics, sector and crowdfunding model. Design/methodology/approach The authors conduct qualitative analyses of data collected in interviews with 57 micro-entrepreneurs in Morocco, all of whom used crowdfunding in fundraising. Findings The authors identify six key motives for crowdfunding adoption by micro-entrepreneurs including financing needs, legitimacy seeking, sense of achievement, network-building, entrepreneurial and marketing competence enhancements. They also find evidence for moderation effects of fundraiser characteristics on likelihood of adoption, including gender, age, education, training experience and sectoral affiliation. Furthermore, the authors show that the relative importance of different motives varies by the type of crowdfunding model used. Originality/value The original aspects of the study include the examination of adoption motives in an emerging market context and the distinguishing between entrepreneurs’ adoption motives based on different gender, age, education, training experience, sectoral affiliation and crowdfunding model used. Moreover, the authors show that enhancement of competencies is a more dominant motive in the emerging market context than mentioned in earlier studies in developed contexts.

本研究的目的是确定新兴经济体中微型企业家采用众筹的动机，以及这些动机在多大程度上因企业家特征、行业和众筹模式而异。作者对摩洛哥57位微型企业家的访谈数据进行了定性分析，他们都采用了众筹方式进行融资。作者确定了微型企业家采用众筹的六个主要动机，包括融资需求、合法性寻求、成就感、网络建设、创业和营销能力增强。他们还发现了筹款人特征对收养可能性的调节作用的证据，包括性别、年龄、教育、培训经验和部门隶属关系。此外，作者还表明，不同动机的相对重要性因所使用的众筹模式的类型而异。原创性/价值本研究的原创性方面包括考察新兴市场背景下的收养动机，以及区分不同性别、年龄、教育、培训经历、行业归属和使用的众筹模式的企业家收养动机。此外，作者表明，在新兴市场背景下，能力提升是一个比之前在发达国家背景下的研究中提到的更主要的动机。

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引用次数: 0

Knowledge transfer in Peru microentrepreneurs. The effects on personal and business improvement 秘鲁微型企业家的知识转移。对个人和企业发展的影响

Q2 BUSINESS

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies

Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1108/jeee-12-2022-0377

Julianna Paola Ramirez Lozano, Kelly Rojas Valdez, Juan Carlos Sosa Varela

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the effects of microentrepreneurs’ knowledge transfer (KT) on personal improvement (PI) and business improvement (BI).Design/methodology/approachThe study was developed in two stages: a literature review based on KT and the learning process in microenterprises to have managerial competence and PI and BI to acquire the managerial competence that entrepreneurs need. The second stage was constructing a structural model based on 107 questionnaires and bootstrapping of 5,000 replications of microentrepreneurs who went through a training program (quantitative) and a focus group (qualitative). This study had a mixed approach, exploratory scope and experimental design.FindingsThe research showed real evidence about the performance level of microentrepreneurs when they passed through the process of KT and its impact on PI and BI. This research considers their managerial competencies, and the findings show a relationship between the theory of individual and organizational learning.Research limitations/implicationsThis study considered Peruvian microentrepreneurs who participated in a virtual training program that included several courses related to their current environments and topics of interest. The analyzed period covered the years affected by COVID-19.Practical implicationsThe model reveals that KT is relevant to PI and BI. Performance was measured regarding growth, income, innovation, productivity and responsibility before and after the program.Social implicationsThis research analyzed the need for training microentrepreneurs for personal and private reasons under a COVID-19 scenario to foster their businesses and assume financial responsibilities. This study considered Peru’s reality, a country in which 94.9% of companies are microenterprises. The study revealed that microentrepreneurs improved their personal and professional lives and addressed relevant social problems that affect their environments because of the KT effects.Originality/valueThis study bridges the gap in the literature on how the theory of KT can be applied to entrepreneurs. This study revealed significant findings in terms of PI and BIs. The impact of KT indicates the relevance of managerial competencies related to the performance level obtained in terms of growth, income, innovation, productivity and responsibility.

本研究旨在分析微型企业家的知识转移(KT)对个人改善(PI)和业务改善(BI)的影响。本研究分为两个阶段:基于KT的文献综述和在微型企业中获得管理能力的学习过程，以及PI和BI以获得企业家所需的管理能力。第二阶段是根据107份问卷和5000名微型企业家的自我引导构建一个结构模型，这些微型企业家参加了一个培训项目(定量)和一个焦点小组(定性)。本研究采用混合方法、探索性范围和实验设计。研究结果显示了微企业家在经历KT过程时的绩效水平及其对PI和BI的影响。本研究考虑了他们的管理能力，研究结果显示了个人学习理论与组织学习理论之间的关系。研究限制/影响本研究考虑了参加虚拟培训方案的秘鲁微型企业家，该方案包括与他们当前环境和感兴趣的主题有关的几门课程。分析期间涵盖了受COVID-19影响的年份。该模型揭示了KT与PI和BI的相关性。在项目前后，绩效是根据增长、收入、创新、生产力和责任来衡量的。本研究分析了在新冠疫情背景下，出于个人和私人原因对微型企业家进行培训的必要性，以促进其业务发展并承担经济责任。这项研究考虑了秘鲁的实际情况，这个国家94.9%的公司是微型企业。研究表明，由于KT效应，微型企业家改善了他们的个人和职业生活，并解决了影响其环境的相关社会问题。原创性/价值本研究填补了关于如何将KT理论应用于企业家的文献空白。本研究在PI和BIs方面有显著的发现。KT的影响表明了在增长、收入、创新、生产力和责任方面获得的绩效水平相关的管理能力的相关性。

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