Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2020.1865665
Maciej Wyżgoł
ABSTRACT Old Dongola, the capital of the Makurian kingdom of medieval Nubia, remained a significant town after the collapse of Makuria throughout most of the Funj period between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries AD. After its incorporation into the sphere of influence of the Funj sultan residing in Sennar, Old Dongola’s prominence within the region persisted as an important political and socio-economic centre. Remains of houses from the Funj period have been excavated as part of work undertaken by the Polish Archaeological Mission to Old Dongola since 1964. Preliminary reports from excavations of the houses enable an archaeological analysis focused on the function of particular spaces within their walls. The identification of the houses’ installations and the distribution of artefacts, as well as the localisation of traces of several household tasks, lead to conclusions regarding the multifunctionality of space within them. The abundance of ethnographic records concerning modern Nubian settlements provides valuable sources for the interpretation of the organisation of space in functional, symbolic, gender and privacy-related terms. This paper therefore presents an interpretation of the organisation of space within houses of the Funj period in Old Dongola on the basis of the analysis of accessibility and ethnographic analogy.
{"title":"Dwelling after Makuria: the organisation and function of space in houses of the Funj period in Old Dongola, Nubia","authors":"Maciej Wyżgoł","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1865665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1865665","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Old Dongola, the capital of the Makurian kingdom of medieval Nubia, remained a significant town after the collapse of Makuria throughout most of the Funj period between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries AD. After its incorporation into the sphere of influence of the Funj sultan residing in Sennar, Old Dongola’s prominence within the region persisted as an important political and socio-economic centre. Remains of houses from the Funj period have been excavated as part of work undertaken by the Polish Archaeological Mission to Old Dongola since 1964. Preliminary reports from excavations of the houses enable an archaeological analysis focused on the function of particular spaces within their walls. The identification of the houses’ installations and the distribution of artefacts, as well as the localisation of traces of several household tasks, lead to conclusions regarding the multifunctionality of space within them. The abundance of ethnographic records concerning modern Nubian settlements provides valuable sources for the interpretation of the organisation of space in functional, symbolic, gender and privacy-related terms. This paper therefore presents an interpretation of the organisation of space within houses of the Funj period in Old Dongola on the basis of the analysis of accessibility and ethnographic analogy.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"25 1","pages":"90 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82911684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2021.1874158
Iris Guillemard
{"title":"Foragers in the middle Limpopo Valley: trade, place-making, and social complexity","authors":"Iris Guillemard","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1874158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1874158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"40 1","pages":"145 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78050858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2020.1865636
K. Lupo, D. Schmitt, Jean-Paul Ndanga, Lucien P. Nguerede, Guy T. Amaye, A. L. Smith, Nicolette M. Edwards, R. Power, D. Craig Young, Frank Npo
ABSTRACT Limited excavations at Nangara-Komba Shelter along the northern margin of the Congo Basin have recovered evidence for intermittent and at times intensive human visits beginning approximately 5100 cal. BC. Numerous rock art panels adorn the shelter’s walls and ceramics appear to have initially been brought to the site between 1050 and 900 cal. BC, if not earlier. Charred Canarium schweinfurthii endocarp fragments were collected in all stratigraphic aggregates and reflect the use of canarium for food, fuel and/or medicinal purposes during the middle and late Holocene. Abundant quartz and quartzite artefacts occur throughout the deposits and mark a continuous and stable microlithic tradition. The site was used only by foraging groups who ultimately interacted with Bantu and later Ubangian farmers and possibly smelters. Nangara-Komba represents a sheltered context where the use of lithic tools appears to have persisted well into the late Holocene and is the only known site in the Central African Republic and Sangha River Interval with episodic occupations spanning the past 7000 years.
{"title":"Hunter-gatherers on the basin’s edge: a preliminary look at Holocene human occupation of Nangara-Komba Shelter, Central African Republic","authors":"K. Lupo, D. Schmitt, Jean-Paul Ndanga, Lucien P. Nguerede, Guy T. Amaye, A. L. Smith, Nicolette M. Edwards, R. Power, D. Craig Young, Frank Npo","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1865636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1865636","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Limited excavations at Nangara-Komba Shelter along the northern margin of the Congo Basin have recovered evidence for intermittent and at times intensive human visits beginning approximately 5100 cal. BC. Numerous rock art panels adorn the shelter’s walls and ceramics appear to have initially been brought to the site between 1050 and 900 cal. BC, if not earlier. Charred Canarium schweinfurthii endocarp fragments were collected in all stratigraphic aggregates and reflect the use of canarium for food, fuel and/or medicinal purposes during the middle and late Holocene. Abundant quartz and quartzite artefacts occur throughout the deposits and mark a continuous and stable microlithic tradition. The site was used only by foraging groups who ultimately interacted with Bantu and later Ubangian farmers and possibly smelters. Nangara-Komba represents a sheltered context where the use of lithic tools appears to have persisted well into the late Holocene and is the only known site in the Central African Republic and Sangha River Interval with episodic occupations spanning the past 7000 years.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"781 1","pages":"4 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90049190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2020.1868741
B. Clist, P. de Maret
ABSTRACT Off the coast of Cameroon, Bioko Island was populated by the Bubi at an early stage of the Bantu expansion, although surprisingly they did not use iron until the arrival of the Europeans much later. Unfortunately, despite some research having been undertaken, mostly during the Spanish colonial period, the local archaeological sequence remains poorly known. On the basis of some short excavations carried out on Bioko, this paper evaluates the state of knowledge of the island’s archaeology. There is a pressing need for more research on the island, in contrast to the continent, where archaeological knowledge has made significant progress in recent decades. So far there are no clear archaeological connections between the two. However, some clues suggest that the Bubi’s ancestors may have inhabited the mainland in southwestern Cameroon before emigrating to the islands, perhaps 2000 years ago. In view of the rapid development of infrastructure on Bioko, as well as on the mainland of Equatorial Guinea, a major multidisciplinary research programme centred on archaeology should be launched without further delay.
{"title":"The Carboneras Beach archaeological site on Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea): old data and new stories about a unique culture","authors":"B. Clist, P. de Maret","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1868741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1868741","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Off the coast of Cameroon, Bioko Island was populated by the Bubi at an early stage of the Bantu expansion, although surprisingly they did not use iron until the arrival of the Europeans much later. Unfortunately, despite some research having been undertaken, mostly during the Spanish colonial period, the local archaeological sequence remains poorly known. On the basis of some short excavations carried out on Bioko, this paper evaluates the state of knowledge of the island’s archaeology. There is a pressing need for more research on the island, in contrast to the continent, where archaeological knowledge has made significant progress in recent decades. So far there are no clear archaeological connections between the two. However, some clues suggest that the Bubi’s ancestors may have inhabited the mainland in southwestern Cameroon before emigrating to the islands, perhaps 2000 years ago. In view of the rapid development of infrastructure on Bioko, as well as on the mainland of Equatorial Guinea, a major multidisciplinary research programme centred on archaeology should be launched without further delay.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":"60 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88328325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2020.1865640
B. Wayessa
ABSTRACT This article examines the pottery technological styles of the Oromo, the Yem and the Dawro ethnolinguistic groups in southwestern Ethiopia. It provides a comparative examination of the technological choices each group makes at different stages of pottery production, which, in turn, produce and reproduce their group identities. In southwestern Ethiopia, pottery-making lies within the domain of women, with social restrictions prohibiting male involvement. Potters are marginalised and transmit pottery-making knowledge and skills through learning networks, mainly between immediate family members. Each pottery-making community practises distinct technological traditions and styles, but all communities are now acquiring new technological skills in response to developing socio-economic dynamics. Examination of the incorporation of new elements into pottery-making due to both socio-economic changes at the local level and global phenomena may provide clues about the changing dynamics of the craft in the recent and more distant past.
{"title":"‘No one remains living in the past’: the dynamics of pottery technological styles in southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"B. Wayessa","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1865640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1865640","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the pottery technological styles of the Oromo, the Yem and the Dawro ethnolinguistic groups in southwestern Ethiopia. It provides a comparative examination of the technological choices each group makes at different stages of pottery production, which, in turn, produce and reproduce their group identities. In southwestern Ethiopia, pottery-making lies within the domain of women, with social restrictions prohibiting male involvement. Potters are marginalised and transmit pottery-making knowledge and skills through learning networks, mainly between immediate family members. Each pottery-making community practises distinct technological traditions and styles, but all communities are now acquiring new technological skills in response to developing socio-economic dynamics. Examination of the incorporation of new elements into pottery-making due to both socio-economic changes at the local level and global phenomena may provide clues about the changing dynamics of the craft in the recent and more distant past.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"138 1","pages":"115 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79775302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2020.1868757
J. David Lewis-Williams, D. Pearce, D. Witelson, Sam Challis
ABSTRACT Recent work on a well-known San rock art panel from South Africa shows that continued movement between, on the one hand, San beliefs and rituals and, on the other, the images themselves allows us to move from general statements about San rock art to specific understandings. We demonstrate that continuing field research, combined with the revisiting of painted panels, is uncovering diverse ways in which San rock painters deployed and, at the same time, individually transmuted abstract ideas and experiences into material images, often in easily missed details. One of these instances, hitherto unknown, is described. By following-up the heuristic potential of this approach researchers are able to explore the ways in which San imagery played a social role at different times and in different places in San history.
{"title":"The devil’s in the detail: revisiting the ceiling panel at RSA CHI1, Kamberg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","authors":"J. David Lewis-Williams, D. Pearce, D. Witelson, Sam Challis","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1868757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1868757","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent work on a well-known San rock art panel from South Africa shows that continued movement between, on the one hand, San beliefs and rituals and, on the other, the images themselves allows us to move from general statements about San rock art to specific understandings. We demonstrate that continuing field research, combined with the revisiting of painted panels, is uncovering diverse ways in which San rock painters deployed and, at the same time, individually transmuted abstract ideas and experiences into material images, often in easily missed details. One of these instances, hitherto unknown, is described. By following-up the heuristic potential of this approach researchers are able to explore the ways in which San imagery played a social role at different times and in different places in San history.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"19 1","pages":"34 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75265847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2020.1863638
Iris Guillemard
{"title":"Change and continuity in the lithic technologies from Final to Ceramic Final Later Stone Age, Limpopo Basin, southern Africa","authors":"Iris Guillemard","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1863638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1863638","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"30 1","pages":"150 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83947156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2021.1872231
Mica B. Jones
The hunting and gathering way of life is the most enduring and resilient in human history. However, the ways that a wild food-based subsistence system affects people’s social and economic organisat...
{"title":"Variability among Later Stone Age hunter-gatherers in eastern Africa","authors":"Mica B. Jones","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1872231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1872231","url":null,"abstract":"The hunting and gathering way of life is the most enduring and resilient in human history. However, the ways that a wild food-based subsistence system affects people’s social and economic organisat...","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"4 1","pages":"151 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79016737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2020.1834216
A. Coppola
Raath, A. 2014. “An archaeological investigation of Zhizo/Leokwe Foodways at Schroda and Pont Drift, Limpopo Valley, South Africa.” PhD diss., Yale University. Van Doornum, B.L. 2005. “Changing places, spaces and identity in the Shashe-Limpopo region of Limpopo Province, South Africa.” PhD diss., University of the Witwatersrand. Wadley, L. 1996. “Changes in the social relations of precolonial hunter-gatherers after agropastoralist contact: an example from the Magaliesberg, South Africa.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 15: 205–217.
Raath, A. 2014。“南非林波波谷Schroda和Pont Drift的Zhizo/Leokwe食物方式的考古调查。”博士羞辱。我是耶鲁大学的。Van Doornum, B.L. 2005。“南非林波波省shesh -Limpopo地区不断变化的地点、空间和身份。”博士羞辱。他是威特沃特斯兰德大学的教授。Wadley, L. 1996。“前殖民时期狩猎采集者与农牧民接触后社会关系的变化:以南非马加里斯堡为例。”人类学考古学报(15):205-217。
{"title":"An Azanian trio: three East African Arabic historical documents","authors":"A. Coppola","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1834216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1834216","url":null,"abstract":"Raath, A. 2014. “An archaeological investigation of Zhizo/Leokwe Foodways at Schroda and Pont Drift, Limpopo Valley, South Africa.” PhD diss., Yale University. Van Doornum, B.L. 2005. “Changing places, spaces and identity in the Shashe-Limpopo region of Limpopo Province, South Africa.” PhD diss., University of the Witwatersrand. Wadley, L. 1996. “Changes in the social relations of precolonial hunter-gatherers after agropastoralist contact: an example from the Magaliesberg, South Africa.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 15: 205–217.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"187 1","pages":"147 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72728956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/0067270X.2020.1826701
A. Stahl
As exemplified by the contributions to this special issue of Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, recent decades have seen the topic of slavery in Africa transition from what Mbembe (2001: 21...
{"title":"Slavery in Africa: the spoken subject","authors":"A. Stahl","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1826701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1826701","url":null,"abstract":"As exemplified by the contributions to this special issue of Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, recent decades have seen the topic of slavery in Africa transition from what Mbembe (2001: 21...","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":"528 - 539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76284861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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