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The Alphabetic “Scribe” of the Lachish Jar Inscription and the Hieratic Tradition in the Early Iron Age 拉吉罐铭文的字母“抄写员”与早期铁器时代的等级传统
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2020-01-16 DOI: 10.1086/707391
W. Schniedewind
The recently published 12th century b.c.e. jar inscription from Lachish was described as “undecipherable.” This article offers a plausible interpretation suggesting a mixed inscription using linear alphabetic and an adaptation of the hieratic Egyptian accounting tradition. The inscription thus would stand at a transition point—namely, when linear alphabetic was beginning to be used administratively and when the Egyptian hieratic tradition was being adopted by alphabetic scribes.
最近出版的公元前12世纪拉奇的罐子铭文被描述为“无法辨认”。这篇文章提供了一个合理的解释,表明铭文使用了线性字母,并改编了埃及的等级会计传统。因此,铭文将处于一个过渡点,即当线性字母开始被行政使用时,以及当埃及的等级传统被字母抄写员采用时。
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引用次数: 1
Wood Economy in Early Roman Period Jerusalem 早期罗马时期耶路撒冷的木材经济
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1086/705729
Helena Roth, Y. Gadot, D. Langgut
In this study we present the identification of several Early Roman (63 b.c.e.–70 c.e.) charred wood assemblages, collected from the “Lower City” of Jerusalem. The results outline elements in Jerusalem’s nearby woody vegetation, characterized by a mosaic of native Mediterranean maquis-forest species and olive orchards, and possibly pine and cypress stands. The arboreal surrounding of Jerusalem supplied the city with pruned olive branches and other types of agricultural refuse to serve as firewood. Local conifers (pines and cypress) as well as imported conifers (cedar of Lebanon), were used for construction purposes. The results further highlight important issues such as social status and importation of wood. The occurrence of prestigious imported tree species within the charcoal assemblage of the Lower City (e.g., cedar, boxwood) indicates the presence of wealthy residences, standing in contrast to prior assumptions that suggest a low social status for the inhabitants within this area.
在这项研究中,我们展示了从耶路撒冷“下城”收集的几个早期罗马(公元前63年–公元前70年)烧焦的木材组合的鉴定。研究结果概述了耶路撒冷附近木本植被中的元素,其特征是地中海原生马奎斯森林物种和橄榄园的马赛克,可能还有松树和柏树。耶路撒冷周围的树木园为这座城市提供了修剪过的橄榄枝和其他类型的农业垃圾作为木柴。当地针叶树(松树和柏树)以及进口针叶树(黎巴嫩雪松)被用于建筑目的。研究结果进一步突出了诸如社会地位和木材进口等重要问题。Lower City木炭组合中出现的著名进口树种(如雪松、黄杨木)表明存在富裕的住宅,这与之前认为该地区居民社会地位较低的假设形成了鲜明对比。
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引用次数: 3
Agricultural Sustainability and Environmental Change at Ancient Gordion, by John M. Marston. Gordion Special Studies 8. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017. xi + 203 pp., figs., tables. Hardcover. $59.95. 《古代戈迪翁的农业可持续性和环境变化》,约翰·M·马斯顿著。戈迪翁专题研究8。费城:宾夕法尼亚大学出版社,2017年。xi+203页,图,表格。硬质封面$59.95。
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1086/705166
B. Lorentzen
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引用次数: 11
Sea Peoples of the Northern Levant? Aegean-Style Pottery from Early Iron Age Tell Tayinat, by Brian Janeway. Studies in the Archaeology and History of the Levant, Volume 7. Leiden: Brill, 2017. xvi + 207 pages. Paperback. $66.00. 北部黎凡特的海上民族?早期铁器时代的爱琴海风格陶器Tell Tayinat,作者:Brian Janeway。黎凡特考古与历史研究,第7卷。莱顿:Brill, 2017。十六+ 207页。平装书。66.00美元。
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1086/705808
Shirly Ben-Dor Evian
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引用次数: 0
Index 指数
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1086/707446
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引用次数: 0
Back Matter 回到问题
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1086/707452
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引用次数: 0
Cuneiform in Canaan: The Next Generation, by Wayne Horowitz, Takayoshi Oshima, and Seth L. Sanders. University Park, PA: Eisenbrauns, 2018. xii + 248 pp. Hardback $59.95. 《迦南的楔形文字:下一代》,作者:Wayne Horowitz, Takayoshi Oshima和Seth L. Sanders。宾州大学公园:eisenbruns出版社,2018。12 + 248页精装本59.95美元。
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1086/705167
J. Lauinger
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引用次数: 3
A Mid-6th-Century b.c.e. Deposit from Gordion in Central Anatolia: Evidence for Feasting and the Persian Destruction 公元前6世纪中期安纳托利亚中部戈尔迪翁的矿床:盛宴和波斯毁灭的证据
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2019-10-30 DOI: 10.1086/705705
Elspeth R. M. Dusinberre, K. M. Lynch, M. Voigt
A coherent deposit of dumped debris, excavated at Gordion in 1950 and the 1990s, was apparently formed during the cleanup following the Achaemenid Persian attack on the city, ca. 540 b.c.e. It offers a first glimpse of life at Gordion during the mid-6th century (end of the Middle Phrygian period, Yassıhöyük Stratigraphic Sequence 5A). Greek imports provide a relatively firm date for the deposit and allow a chronologically specific snapshot of locally produced fine, household, and coarse wares. Vessels made of traditional Phrygian black-polished ware were used primarily for drinking. Lydian influence at the site is seen in the large number of burnished gray stemmed vessels, although the size of Gordion’s stemmed dishes and the way in which they were used apparently differ from the Lydian capital, Sardis. Bowls come in a variety of wares, shapes, and sizes, while large jars and jugs are primarily gray-slipped household wares, with some imports. Puzzling is a large terracotta object with pseudomorph appliqués suggesting metal attachments, which may have been a niche for a household cult. This initial presentation of the pottery from the mid-6th-century dump provides insight into multiple concerns and behaviors of Gordion’s inhabitants just before the Achaemenid Persian Empire.
1950年和20世纪90年代在戈尔迪翁发掘的一个连贯的倾倒碎片沉积物,显然是在阿契美尼德-波斯袭击该市后的清理过程中形成的,约公元前540年。它让我们第一次看到了6世纪中期戈尔迪翁的生活(中弗里吉亚时期结束,Yassıhöyük地层序列5A)。希腊进口产品为存款提供了一个相对固定的日期,并允许对当地生产的精细、家庭和粗糙商品进行按时间顺序的快照。传统的弗里吉亚黑色抛光器皿主要用于饮用。吕底亚人在该遗址的影响体现在大量抛光的灰色茎管中,尽管戈迪翁茎管碟的大小和使用方式显然与吕底亚首都萨迪斯不同。碗有各种各样的器皿、形状和尺寸,而大罐子和罐子主要是灰色的滑动家用器皿,也有一些是进口的。Puzzling是一个巨大的陶土制品,上面有假变形的贴花,暗示着金属附件,这可能是一个家庭崇拜的利基。这件来自6世纪中期垃圾场的陶器的初步展示,让我们得以深入了解阿契美尼德波斯帝国之前戈迪翁居民的多种担忧和行为。
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引用次数: 1
Observations on the Stratigraphic Attribution of the Early Bronze Age Pillared Building in Area D at Tel ʿErani, Israel 以色列TelʿErani D区青铜时代早期柱状建筑的地层归属观察
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2019-10-29 DOI: 10.1086/706070
Marcin Czarnowicz, E. Braun
Tel ʿErani is a large Early Bronze Age site within the municipal bounds of modern Qiryat Gat, Israel, at the northeastern edge of the Negev, adjacent to the Judean Shephelah (piedmont). It includes a high mound and several lower terraces, ca. 25 ha in area. The site gained notoriety when an imported potsherd bearing an Egyptian royal symbol (a serekh) incised with the hieroglyph of an early ruler, Narmer, was found in Excavation Area D. Large-scale exposure there in the 1950s and 1960s, under the direction of Shmuel Yeivin, unearthed a rather lengthy and complicated stratigraphic sequence that has prompted numerous attempts at correlating its Early Bronze Age strata with Dynasty 0 and the early 1st Dynasty in Egypt. Yeivin’s cursorily published results illustrate only partial and rudimentary plans of the Early Bronze Age strata in Area D, most of which lack elevations. One exceptionally large building boasting seven substantial mudbrick pillars has attracted researchers’ attention, as it likely had a public function. This essay, based on Yeivin’s original, unpublished plans that include elevations, as well as information derived from recent excavations in Area D, offers a detailed reconstruction of the plan of that building, which suggests its likely chrono-stratigraphic ascription to late phases of the Early Bronze I. It further notes its importance for understanding the relationship between Egypt and the southern Levant in this late prehistoric period, and especially the place of Tel ʿErani as one of a growing number of sites in the southern Levant known to yield definitive evidence for the onset of its earliest complex, hierarchical societies in the first centuries of the 4th millennium b.c.e.
TelʿErani是一个大型青铜时代早期遗址,位于以色列现代Qiryat Gat的市政边界内,内盖夫东北边缘,毗邻Judean Shephelah(皮埃蒙特)。它包括一个高丘和几个较低的阶地,面积约25公顷。该遗址因在挖掘区D发现一块刻有早期统治者纳尔默象形文字的带有埃及王室象征(serekh)的进口陶器而臭名昭著。20世纪50年代和60年代,在Shmuel Yeivin的指导下,该遗址大规模暴露,出土了一个相当漫长和复杂的地层序列,这促使人们多次尝试将其青铜时代早期的地层与埃及0王朝和1王朝早期联系起来。Yeivin粗略发表的研究结果仅说明了D区青铜时代早期地层的部分和初步平面图,其中大部分没有海拔。一座拥有七根巨大泥砖支柱的超大建筑吸引了研究人员的注意,因为它可能具有公共功能。这篇文章基于Yeivin最初未发表的平面图,其中包括立面图,以及最近在D区发掘的信息,对该建筑的平面图进行了详细的重建,这表明它可能在时间-地层上属于青铜一世早期的晚期。它进一步指出,它对理解埃及和史前晚期黎凡特南部之间的关系非常重要,尤其是TelʿErani,因为黎凡特北部越来越多的遗址之一,为其最早的复杂等级社会在公元前4千年的第一个世纪开始提供了确凿的证据。
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引用次数: 1
Reconsidering Coastal Archaeological Sites in Late Bronze Age Cyprus: Tochni-Lakkia and the South-Central Coastscape 重新思考青铜时代晚期塞浦路斯的海岸考古遗址:托奇尼·拉基亚和中南部海岸景观
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.1086/705712
G. Andreou, Artemis Georgiou, T. Urban, Kevin D. Fisher, S. Manning, D. A. Sewell
The Cypriot Late Bronze Age (referred to as Late Cypriot and LBA, 1680/1650–1100 b.c.e.) has attracted particular attention due to textual and material evidence that suggests engagement with the international maritime trade networks of the eastern Mediterranean. A longstanding scholarly preoccupation with interregional trade has encouraged the development of theoretical models that aim to reconstruct the economy of the island and generally view Late Cypriot coastal sites as gateway communities channeling copper to the eastern Mediterranean. Studies have also highlighted the local and regional significance of these communities and have shed light on their complex economic networks. In this paper, we use data from coastal Tochni-Lakkia, an actively eroding site located near two major Late Bronze Age centers (Kalavasos-Ayios Dhimitrios and the Maroni Complex) to add nuance to smaller-scale regional interaction networks along the south-central coast of the island. To do that, we engage evidence from trial excavations and archaeological and geophysical surveys at Tochni-Lakkia in the form of a preliminary report with theoretical approaches that highlight the potential for and role of regional maritime networks and the concept of coastscape.
塞浦路斯青铜器时代晚期(被称为晚塞浦路斯和LBA,公元前1680/1650-1100年)由于文本和物质证据表明与地中海东部的国际海上贸易网络的接触而引起了特别的关注。长期以来,学术界对区域间贸易的关注鼓励了旨在重建该岛经济的理论模型的发展,并普遍将塞浦路斯晚期沿海地区视为向地中海东部输送铜的门户社区。研究还强调了这些社区的地方和区域意义,并揭示了其复杂的经济网络。在本文中,我们使用了沿海Tochni-Lakkia的数据,这是一个位于两个主要青铜时代晚期中心(Kalavasos-Ayios Dhimitrios和Maroni Complex)附近的活跃侵蚀遗址,以增加岛屿中南部海岸较小规模的区域相互作用网络的细微差别。为此,我们从托奇尼-拉克基亚的试验挖掘、考古和地球物理调查中收集证据,以一份初步报告的形式,采用理论方法,突出区域海洋网络的潜力和作用,以及海岸景观的概念。
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引用次数: 9
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Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
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