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“To Enter the Core of Death” “进入死亡的核心”
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/0969725X.2023.2192068
M. Aleksandrowicz
Abstract This essay explores figurations of death in Lispector’s The Passion According to G.H. and Água Viva. As the other side of life, death in these novels is tied to the work of the unconscious desire that introduces generative rupture to the narrators’ experience of being, thinking, and writing. In making one wander at the limits of thought, language, and being, death also signals the encounter with femininity which leads to the disintegration of the human montage. While in Água Viva the encounter with death unfolds through the instant – as the fleeting yet irreducible nowness – in The Passion it manifests through a gustatory and aural encounter with the mute cockroach and the absent maid’s mural. Along the way, the essay explores the specific savoir coming from death in Lispector’s novels alongside the clinic of psychoanalysis, primarily the recent work of the Freudian School of Quebec that has placed special focus on the links between the death drive and the aesthetic experience. I bring Lispector’s novels into conversation with psychoanalysis to propose that Clarice’s writing – just like the psychoanalytic clinic – fundamentally arises from the desire to uphold the unsayable dimension of death whose creative unfolding enables new modes of being, hearing, and thinking in – and with – the world. Indeed, in Clarice’s novels, to be on the side of writing is to be on the side of death that is both the herald of writing and the ravaging reverberation of the force of writing itself.
摘要本文探讨了利斯佩克特的《根据G.H.和Água Viva的激情》中的死亡形象。作为生命的另一面,这些小说中的死亡与无意识欲望的作品联系在一起,无意识欲望给叙述者的存在、思考和写作体验带来了生成性断裂。在思想、语言和存在的极限上徘徊时,死亡也标志着与女性气质的相遇,这导致了人类蒙太奇的解体。而在《Água Viva》中,与死亡的相遇通过瞬间展开——作为短暂但不可还原的已知——在《激情》中,它通过与沉默的蟑螂和缺席的女仆壁画的味觉和听觉相遇来表现。在这一过程中,本文探讨了利斯佩克特小说中来自死亡的具体智慧,以及精神分析诊所,主要是魁北克弗洛伊德学派最近的作品,该作品特别关注死亡驱动力和审美体验之间的联系。我将利斯佩克特的小说与精神分析进行了对话,提出克拉丽斯的写作——就像精神分析诊所一样——从根本上源于维护死亡这一无法言说的维度的愿望,这种维度的创造性展开使人们能够在世界中以及与世界相处时获得新的存在、听觉和思维模式。事实上,在克拉丽斯的小说中,站在写作一边就是站在死亡一边,死亡既是写作的先驱,也是写作力量本身的毁灭性回响。
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引用次数: 0
We are all the Smallest Woman in the World 我们都是世界上最小的女人
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/0969725X.2023.2192062
Luz Horne, J. Brodie
Abstract This essay explores the place in Clarice Lispector’s literature that seeks to touch a primary ground of the living with a language that exceeds the symbolic in order to read it from an anthropocenic, posthuman, and feminist present. It argues that the story “A menor mulher do mundo” (Laços de família, 1960) takes to an extreme what happens in all of Lispector’s literature at the point that we can find in Macabéa’s character from A hora da estrela (1976), a sort of continuation of the smallest woman in the world. In both – the story and the novel – materiality comes to life and it is associated with a neutral background that goes beyond the difference between the human and the nonhuman, the feminine and the masculine, and that coincides with language, with the word. Both characters are residue and resistance, and operate in the stories in the same way that the word operates in Lispector’s writing. The Deleuzian concept of minor and its continuation on the concept of immanence are therefore read not only as a way to think beyond the species, but also as that which operates by destabilizing the concept of “woman” as a universal. Lispector’s writing, then, allows us to separate contemporary feminisms from an affirmation of the identity of the feminine and the masculine, to take them instead into an order that – regardless of whether embodied in woman – is outside the patriarchal.
摘要本文探讨了Clarice Lispector文学中的一个位置,即试图用一种超越象征的语言来触及生活的主要基础,以便从人类主义、后人类主义和女权主义的当下来解读它。它认为,故事《世界上最小的女人》(Laços de família,1960)将利斯佩克特所有文学作品中发生的事情发挥到了极致,我们可以在《阿荷拉·达·埃斯特雷拉》(1976)中马卡的角色身上找到这一点,这是世界上最小女人的延续。在故事和小说中,物质性都变得鲜活起来,它与一个中性的背景联系在一起,这个背景超越了人类和非人类、女性和男性之间的区别,与语言和单词相吻合。这两个角色都是残余和阻力,在故事中的运作方式与利斯佩克特笔下的单词运作方式相同。因此,德勒兹的未成年人概念及其对内在概念的延续不仅被解读为一种超越物种的思考方式,而且被解读为通过破坏“女性”这一普遍概念的稳定而起作用的方式。因此,利斯佩克特的写作使我们能够将当代女性主义与对女性和男性身份的肯定区分开来,并将其纳入父权制之外的秩序——无论是否体现在女性身上。
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引用次数: 0
Tracing an Ethics of Risk With Clarice Lispector 与克拉丽斯·利斯佩克特探讨风险伦理
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/0969725X.2023.2192058
Fernanda Negrete
Abstract This essay explores the sense and embrace of risk in Clarice Lispector’s writing. Beginning with a newspaper contribution from her Crônicas, the essay foregrounds the dimension of repetitive tracing to transmit the notion that the risk of living is ongoing, inescapably, but that there is a possibility of stepping forward to embrace this risk differently. The essay then turns to a scene that captures this gesture well: the scene of a woman bathing in the sea, which Clarice returned to and published several times. This gesture is compared to philosophical considerations of risk in terms of what escapes reason and calls for a different disposition – of faith (Søren Kierkegaard, Blaise Pascal) or ecstasy (Georges Bataille). The essay examines the particular notions of joy and saber that Clarice insists on as the consequence of risk, and it explores different responses to this joy’s discovery in Clarice’s fiction, showing their relation to what psychoanalysis calls “feminine jouissance.” This joy is a human experience that exceeds cultural formatting. Clarice’s writing, I suggest, is traversed by a nomadic voice beyond meaning whose work bears a striking resemblance to that of drawing and the voice in Willy Apollon’s account of Haitian Vodou. I propose that writing in Clarice Lispector is the field of an ethics of risk insofar as it welcomes, upholds, and gives what has been excluded from language.
摘要本文探讨了Clarice Lispector写作中对风险的感知和拥抱。从她的Crônicas在报纸上的一篇文章开始,这篇文章强调了重复追踪的维度,以传递这样一种观念,即生活的风险是持续的、不可避免的,但有可能以不同的方式接受这种风险。然后,这篇文章转向了一个很好地捕捉到这个手势的场景:一个女人在海里洗澡的场景,克拉丽斯回到了这个场景,并发表了几次。这种姿态与哲学上对风险的考虑相比,是因为什么逃脱了理性,并要求不同的性格——信仰(Søren Kierkegaard,Blaise Pascal)或狂喜(Georges Bataille)。这篇文章探讨了克拉丽斯作为风险的结果所坚持的快乐和军刀的特殊概念,并探讨了对克拉丽斯小说中这种快乐的发现的不同反应,展示了它们与精神分析所称的“女性快乐”的关系。这种快乐是一种超越文化形式的人类体验。我认为,克拉丽斯的作品被一种超越意义的游牧声音所贯穿,他的作品与绘画和威利·阿波隆对海地伏杜的描述中的声音惊人地相似。我建议,用Clarice Lispector写作是风险伦理的领域,因为它欢迎、支持和给予被排除在语言之外的东西。
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引用次数: 0
Affective Consisting in Lispector’s an apprenticeship or the Book of Pleasures 情感性的包括利斯佩克特的学徒生涯或《快乐之书》
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/0969725X.2023.2192067
I. Goh
Abstract At first glance, Clarice Lispector’s An Apprenticeship or The Book of Pleasures (1969) might read like a regression from her earlier feminist and anti-Hegelian Passion According to G.H. (1964), given the female protagonist Lóri’s deference in large part to the male character Ulisses. I argue in this essay that any suspicion of such a philosophical letdown can be easily dispelled if we attend to Lóri’s attunement to affects and her immersion in them. As will be explicated in this essay, such an affective investment signals, on the one hand, a return to Spinoza’s philosophy, thus suggesting a resistance toward the claim of a Hegelian philosophical system to surpass Spinoza; on the other hand, this investment, which exceeds the parameters of Spinoza’s philosophy as well, allows Lóri to put into practice an affective philosophy that is not only feminist but also nonanthropocentric.
摘要乍一看,Clarice Lispector的《学徒生涯》或《快乐之书》(1969年)可能读起来像是她早期女权主义和反黑格尔主义激情的回归。根据G.H.(1964年)的说法,考虑到女主人公Lóri在很大程度上尊重男性角色Ulisses。我在这篇文章中认为,如果我们关注Lóri对情感的调和和她对情感的沉浸,任何对这种哲学失望的怀疑都可以很容易地消除。正如本文将要阐述的那样,这种情感投资一方面标志着对斯宾诺莎哲学的回归,从而表明对黑格尔哲学体系超越斯宾诺莎的主张的抵制;另一方面,这种投资也超过了斯宾诺莎哲学的参数,使Lóri能够将一种不仅是女权主义的,而且是非人性的情感哲学付诸实践。
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引用次数: 0
Philosophy with Clarice Lispector 克拉丽斯·利斯佩克特的哲学
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/0969725x.2023.2192055
Fernanda Negrete
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引用次数: 0
Philosophy with Clarice Lispector 克拉丽斯·利斯佩克特的哲学
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/0969725X.2023.2192056
Fernanda Negrete
Clarice Lispector was widely recognized in her country for her modernist fiction and weekly contributions to the newspaper Jornal do Brasil in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Although she wasn’t academically trained as a philosopher, her writing consistently explores problems that concern philosophy too, such as being, time, death, language, embodiment, freedom, action, consciousness, life, and aesthetic feeling. Clarice Lispector’s writing does not offer a conceptual system or even arguments to defend a perspective on these problems. Yet her meditations across genres and over four decades engage remarkably with ontological, ethical, aesthetic, and cosmological questions, featuring a persistent practice of thinking at the limits of language that places writing and reading on the edge of thought, on the threshold of the unthinkable. One could therefore suspect that her work falls within literature, not only given the production of short stories and novels, but more specifically and alongside other modern writers involved in questions of thinking, language, and their limits, as the particular space where this thinking and the limits it interrogates can be tested. However, Clarice – as she is better known in Brazil and increasingly among anglophone readers and commentators – objected to the label of literature to name her writing, insofar as, to her mind, literature referred to an external, institutional perspective, foreign to her lifelong experience of the act of writing (Outros escritos 96). She is concerned instead with the standpoint of experience and of an act, whose only consistency resides within the moment of undergoing the experience and of undertaking the act. And this strange, unstable standpoint, always passing, involves a confrontation with the unprecedented – any definition or predetermined form to grasp it is thus set to fail. An attempt to control this writing act, in the interest of understanding, interpreting, or explicating it, for instance, can easily betray or even miss its efficacy. This, of course, makes the work of giving an account of one’s reading quite challenging. Indeed, Clarice’s writing act beckons the reader, often addressed in the second person in the newspaper contributions but also in the novels – “I must hold this hand of yours” (Passion 10), “you who are reading me” (Água Viva 29, 49) – to join the writing voice on the level of the act, in the
克拉丽斯·利斯佩克特在20世纪60年代末和70年代初因其现代主义小说和每周向巴西日报投稿而在巴西广受认可。虽然她没有接受过哲学家的学术训练,但她的作品也一直在探索与哲学有关的问题,比如存在、时间、死亡、语言、化身、自由、行动、意识、生命和美感。克拉丽斯·利斯佩克特的作品并没有提供一个概念系统,甚至也没有提供一个论据来为这些问题的观点辩护。然而,四十多年来,她对不同体裁的思考引人注目地涉及本体论、伦理学、美学和宇宙学问题,她坚持不懈地在语言的极限上思考,将写作和阅读置于思想的边缘,置于不可想象的门槛上。因此,人们可以怀疑她的作品属于文学,不仅考虑到短篇小说和长篇小说的生产,而且更具体地说,与其他现代作家一起参与思考、语言及其局限性的问题,因为这种思考及其质疑的局限性可以在特定的空间中得到检验。然而,克拉丽斯——她在巴西更出名,在英语读者和评论家中也越来越出名——反对用文学的标签来命名她的作品,因为在她看来,文学指的是一种外部的、制度的视角,与她一生的写作经历无关(Outros escritos 96)。相反,她关心的是经验和行为的立场,其唯一的一致性存在于经历经验和采取行动的时刻。这种奇怪的、不稳定的、总是转瞬即逝的观点,涉及到与前所未有的对抗——因此,任何定义或预先确定的形式都注定要失败。例如,为了理解、解释或解释它而试图控制这种写作行为,很容易背叛甚至失去它的功效。当然,这使得记录一个人的阅读经历变得颇具挑战性。的确,克拉丽斯的写作行为在召唤着读者——在报纸投稿中经常以第二人称称呼,在小说中也是如此——“我必须握住你的手”(Passion 10),“你正在读我”(Água Viva 29,49)——在行为的层面上加入写作的声音
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引用次数: 0
“When the Egg Breaks, the Chicken Bleeds” “蛋破鸡流血”
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/0969725X.2023.2192064
Rodante van der Waal, Kim Schoof, Aukje van Rooden
Abstract Clarice Lispector has been studied thoroughly against the backdrop of Western ontology and feminism, but she has not often been read in relation to postcolonial theory and Black studies. Yet, their critique of coloniality and the radicality with which they conceive of a different world, can provide a fitting frame for understanding what is at stake in Lispector’s thought. When put in dialogue with the work of Édouard Glissant and Denise Ferreira da Silva, Lispector makes a key contribution to the reconfiguration of the relation between the subject and the world that can be understood as an attempt to, echoing Sylvia Wynter, “unsettle the coloniality of being.” Where Glissant effectuates “creolization” and Silva a “hacking” of the subject, Lispector attempts to transgress our colonial relation to the world through a reconfiguration of fertility. In our study of The Passion According to G.H., supported by fragments from the Chronicles, we show: (1) how the passion of G.H., is the passion of a specifically colonial subject; (2) how fertility is an essential link between subjectivity and coloniality, ensuring an atavistic chain of filiation and hence the continuation of a colonially dominated world; and (3) how Lispector reconfigures fertility as a possibility of being deeply affected by the world, so much so that the colonial subject perishes and the chain of filiation is disrupted. As a consequence, we argue that Lispector’s project must not primarily be understood as ontological or in search of pre-discursivity, but as concerned with the revolutionary question of dismantling the colonial subject and its world in order to open up a potential of life otherwise.
克拉丽斯·利斯佩克特在西方本体论和女性主义的背景下得到了深入的研究,但很少将她与后殖民理论和黑人研究联系起来。然而,他们对殖民主义的批判以及他们对一个不同世界的激进设想,可以为理解利斯佩克托思想的利害关系提供一个合适的框架。当与Édouard Glissant和Denise Ferreira da Silva的作品对话时,利斯佩克特对主体与世界之间关系的重新配置做出了关键贡献,这可以被理解为一种尝试,呼应西尔维娅·温特,“动摇存在的殖民性”。格里桑特实现了“克里奥尔化”,席尔瓦对主题进行了“黑客化”,而利斯佩克特则试图通过对生育能力的重新配置来超越我们与世界的殖民关系。在我们对《激情》的研究中,在《编年史》片段的支持下,我们表明:(1)g.h.的激情如何成为一个特定殖民地主体的激情;(2)生育是主体性和殖民性之间的重要纽带,确保了一种返祖的血缘链,从而延续了一个殖民统治的世界;(3)利斯佩克托如何将生育重新配置为一种被世界深深影响的可能性,以至于殖民地主体灭亡,亲缘关系链被破坏。因此,我们认为,利斯佩克托的计划不能主要被理解为本体论或寻找前话语性,而是关注拆除殖民主体及其世界的革命问题,以便开辟另一种生活的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Clarice Lispector’s Philosophy of Time 克拉丽斯·利斯佩克特的《时间哲学》
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/0969725X.2023.2192072
Paula Marchesini
Abstract Clarice Lispector puts forth nothing less than a complete philosophy of time in her writings, that is, a cohesive philosophical examination of what time is, of its physics and metaphysics, of how humans and animals perceive time, and even an innovative aesthetic theory in which time is the inspiring force giving rise to literary and artistic creation. Her view of time is unique in the Western philosophical canon, offering original solutions to many of time’s classic difficulties. For Lispector, time is pure actuality. Reality is an unwavering present that never stops being, is fully material, and is ceaselessly attentive to itself. The present, matter, and attention form the unquestionable unit of the real and the core of Lispector’s philosophy of time. Supporting this structure is her inventive metaphysics of time, anchored in her notion of the “fourth dimension of the instant-now,” which is given close attention.
克拉丽斯·利斯佩克特在她的作品中提出了一套完整的时间哲学,即对时间是什么、时间的物理和形而上学、人类和动物如何感知时间进行了连贯的哲学考察,甚至提出了一种以时间为文艺创作灵感的创新美学理论。她的时间观在西方哲学经典中是独一无二的,为许多经典的时间难题提供了独到的解决方案。对利斯佩克特来说,时间是纯粹的现实。现实是一种不动摇的存在,永远不会停止存在,完全是物质的,并且不断地关注自己。当下、物质和注意力构成了现实的不容置疑的单元,也是利斯佩克托时间哲学的核心。支撑这一结构的是她创造性的时间形而上学,植根于她的“当下的第四维度”的概念,这一概念得到了密切关注。
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引用次数: 0
Notes on the contributors 关于贡献者的说明
4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/0969725x.2023.2192074
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引用次数: 0
JUST KEEP SWIMMING? 继续游泳?
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/0969725X.2023.2167783
J.Y.F. Chow, Maite Urcaregui
Abstract By bringing queer ecologies to bear on the blue humanities, this essay promotes a queer hydropoetic investigation that attends to the forms, aesthetics, and politics of pools. Pools are sites of aquatic enjoyment, sport, and revelation that have long been understudied within the blue humanities. We ask whether the promises and failures of swimming in these geographies can provide a queer heuristic in which submersion, immersion, and staying afloat subtend coming out, queer eroticism, and queer of color coalitional politics. Our tripartite examination engages the independent film Saved! (2004), the ecosexual documentary Water Makes Us Wet (2019), and the young adult novel and graphic novel adaptation of Gabby Rivera’s Juliet Takes a Breath (2016/2019 and 2020, respectively). Our analysis of pools, as intimate bodies of water that capture media and literature alike, reorients the blue humanities to consider closer proximities and smaller scales of water’s queer potentiality.
通过将酷儿生态学引入蓝色人文学科,本文推动了一种关注池塘形式、美学和政治的酷儿水诗研究。水池是水中享受、运动和启示的场所,在蓝色人文学科中长期未被充分研究。我们想知道,在这些地区游泳的承诺和失败是否可以提供一种酷儿启发,在这种启发中,淹没、沉浸和保持漂浮,意味着浮出水面,酷儿色情,以及有色人种的酷儿联盟政治。我们的三方考试聘请独立电影《拯救!》(2004年),生态纪录片《水让我们湿了》(2019年),以及根据加比·里维拉的《朱丽叶呼吸》改编的青少年小说和漫画小说(分别为2016/2019和2020年)。我们对水池的分析,作为捕捉媒体和文学的亲密水体,重新定位了蓝色人文学科,以考虑更近距离和更小尺度的水的奇怪潜力。
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引用次数: 0
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