Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.1108/jmlc-03-2024-0039
Imen Khelil, Hichem Khlif, Imen Achek
Purpose This review summarizes the empirical literature dealing with anti-corruption disclosure as this specific type of disclosure has attracted a great deal of attention in accounting literature. Design/methodology/approach Keywords used to collect relevant papers from numerous electronic databases (e.g. Science Direct, Emerald, Wiley-Blackwell, Springer and Taylor and Francis) include “anti-corruption reporting” “anti-corruption disclosure”. The final sample encompasses a set of 35 empirical studies published between 2015 and the beginning of 2024. Findings The summary of reviewed studies suggests that anti-corruption empirical studies are mainly cross-country investigations. Two streams of research are identified: (i) the determinants of anti-corruption disclosure and (ii) the economic consequences of anti-corruption reporting. With respect to the first stream of research, six main categories of determinants are identified (corporate characteristics, corporate governance attributes, informal institutions, stakeholders’ pressures, country institutional effect and regulation effect). With respect to the second stream of research, findings show that anti-corruption reporting is negatively associated with profitability, reduces earnings management and enhances corporate social reputation. Practical implications With respect to regulators, this review sheds light on the importance of anti-corruption disclosure in the fight against corruption. It also suggests that the adoption of some regulations like the Directive 2014/95/EU in the European Union or the 2010 UK Bribery Act have contributed to more transparency. With respect to investors, the existence of some determinants of anti-corruption reporting (e.g. United Nations Global Compact membership, cross-listing, multinationality, board independence) may signal the adequacy of corporate reporting policy and that management is following an adequate strategy to fight corruption and enhance transparency. Originality/value This review offers future research avenues for accounting scholars with respect anti-corruption disclosure literature.
{"title":"Anti-corruption reporting: a review empirical literature","authors":"Imen Khelil, Hichem Khlif, Imen Achek","doi":"10.1108/jmlc-03-2024-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmlc-03-2024-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose\u0000This review summarizes the empirical literature dealing with anti-corruption disclosure as this specific type of disclosure has attracted a great deal of attention in accounting literature.\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Keywords used to collect relevant papers from numerous electronic databases (e.g. Science Direct, Emerald, Wiley-Blackwell, Springer and Taylor and Francis) include “anti-corruption reporting” “anti-corruption disclosure”. The final sample encompasses a set of 35 empirical studies published between 2015 and the beginning of 2024.\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The summary of reviewed studies suggests that anti-corruption empirical studies are mainly cross-country investigations. Two streams of research are identified: (i) the determinants of anti-corruption disclosure and (ii) the economic consequences of anti-corruption reporting. With respect to the first stream of research, six main categories of determinants are identified (corporate characteristics, corporate governance attributes, informal institutions, stakeholders’ pressures, country institutional effect and regulation effect). With respect to the second stream of research, findings show that anti-corruption reporting is negatively associated with profitability, reduces earnings management and enhances corporate social reputation.\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000With respect to regulators, this review sheds light on the importance of anti-corruption disclosure in the fight against corruption. It also suggests that the adoption of some regulations like the Directive 2014/95/EU in the European Union or the 2010 UK Bribery Act have contributed to more transparency. With respect to investors, the existence of some determinants of anti-corruption reporting (e.g. United Nations Global Compact membership, cross-listing, multinationality, board independence) may signal the adequacy of corporate reporting policy and that management is following an adequate strategy to fight corruption and enhance transparency.\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This review offers future research avenues for accounting scholars with respect anti-corruption disclosure literature.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Money Laundering Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.1108/jmlc-03-2024-0047
Yushawu Abubakari, Awurafua Amponsaa Amponsah
Purpose This study aims to delve into economic cybercrime within the African diaspora, with a specific focus on Ghanaian nationals residing in the USA. It aims to shed light on the nuanced and unique approaches that diasporic actors adopt to execute economic cybercrimes, especially online frauds. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on press releases and official indictments collected from the U.S. Department of Justice, the study adopted content analysis. Through this approach, the study outlines its findings Findings The analysis reveals patterns in economic cybercrimes among Ghanaians abroad. Notably, the findings suggest that diasporic individuals often work with local accomplices to perpetrate various economic cybercrimes, with money laundering being particularly prevalent among those living outside their home country. This underscores the profound influence of geographical location on the choice of cybercriminal activities. Moreover, the research reveals that diasporic actors use several tactics, including adopting false identities to interact with victims and the creation of sham companies for laundering money. Additionally, demographic characteristics such as age and gender seem to significantly influence the involvement of diasporic individuals in economic cybercrimes. Research limitations/implications The research was primarily based on press releases and official indictments within the USA. Although these sources offer substantial insight into the rise of cybercrime among Ghanaian diaspora members, their focus on specific data types and geographical regions might constrain our comprehension of the nuances of this phenomenon, particularly across various diasporic groups and regions. Hence, future research could enhance our understanding by conducting fieldwork, not just in the USA but also in other areas using primary data to delve deeper into the issue of cybercrime within the diaspora. Practical implications The study’s findings have implications for individuals, organizations and policymakers alike. By understanding the strategies of economic cybercrime offenders, as demonstrated in this research, individuals can be better equipped to navigate digital technologies for both personal and business purposes. Moreover, policymakers and government agencies can use these insights to develop policies aimed at mitigating the spread of economic cybercrimes, particularly within diasporic communities. Originality/value The paper stands out for its innovative approach and scope. While numerous studies have explored cybercrime activities, the prevalence among diasporic actors remains underexamined. Through its methodology and scope, this paper opens avenues for further research into the phenomenon of cybercrime within diasporic communities.
{"title":"Economic cybercrime in the diaspora: case of Ghanaian nationals in the USA","authors":"Yushawu Abubakari, Awurafua Amponsaa Amponsah","doi":"10.1108/jmlc-03-2024-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmlc-03-2024-0047","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to delve into economic cybercrime within the African diaspora, with a specific focus on Ghanaian nationals residing in the USA. It aims to shed light on the nuanced and unique approaches that diasporic actors adopt to execute economic cybercrimes, especially online frauds.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Drawing on press releases and official indictments collected from the U.S. Department of Justice, the study adopted content analysis. Through this approach, the study outlines its findings\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The analysis reveals patterns in economic cybercrimes among Ghanaians abroad. Notably, the findings suggest that diasporic individuals often work with local accomplices to perpetrate various economic cybercrimes, with money laundering being particularly prevalent among those living outside their home country. This underscores the profound influence of geographical location on the choice of cybercriminal activities. Moreover, the research reveals that diasporic actors use several tactics, including adopting false identities to interact with victims and the creation of sham companies for laundering money. Additionally, demographic characteristics such as age and gender seem to significantly influence the involvement of diasporic individuals in economic cybercrimes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The research was primarily based on press releases and official indictments within the USA. Although these sources offer substantial insight into the rise of cybercrime among Ghanaian diaspora members, their focus on specific data types and geographical regions might constrain our comprehension of the nuances of this phenomenon, particularly across various diasporic groups and regions. Hence, future research could enhance our understanding by conducting fieldwork, not just in the USA but also in other areas using primary data to delve deeper into the issue of cybercrime within the diaspora.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The study’s findings have implications for individuals, organizations and policymakers alike. By understanding the strategies of economic cybercrime offenders, as demonstrated in this research, individuals can be better equipped to navigate digital technologies for both personal and business purposes. Moreover, policymakers and government agencies can use these insights to develop policies aimed at mitigating the spread of economic cybercrimes, particularly within diasporic communities.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The paper stands out for its innovative approach and scope. While numerous studies have explored cybercrime activities, the prevalence among diasporic actors remains underexamined. Through its methodology and scope, this paper opens avenues for further research into the phenomenon of cybercrime within diasporic communities.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Money Laundering Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.1108/jmlc-12-2023-0199
Daniel Cookman
Purpose This study aims to analyse the adequacy of current and proposed European legislative measures for the mitigation and prevention of the use of donation-based crowdfunding to enable terrorist-related financing. Design/methodology/approach This study examines current and proposed European legislative and academic literature. To provide analysis on the current terrorist financing risks posed by donation-based crowdfunding. Findings The activity of European donation-based financing is not in theory completely removed from AML/CFT prevention, mitigation and reporting standards. European credit institutions and payment service providers are required to implement AML/CFT internal controls that target their entire customer base, which includes situations whereby an individual and/or individuals elect to engage in donation-based funds transfer. Current European crowdfunding and proposed crowdfunding AML/CFT standards target investment and consumer credit provision by credit and financial institutions and credit and mortgage intermediaries. Donation-based terrorist financing will likely remain a consideration for subversive groups and lone wolf individuals seeking integrated financing. European credit institutions and payment service providers will be required to cooperate both internally and externally on a national and transnational basis to prevent the materialisation of donation-based financing risks, ex-ante. Originality/value A desktop review composed by the author.
{"title":"Donation-based crowdfunding the future of terrorist financing or a method counteracted ex-ante by European authorities","authors":"Daniel Cookman","doi":"10.1108/jmlc-12-2023-0199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmlc-12-2023-0199","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to analyse the adequacy of current and proposed European legislative measures for the mitigation and prevention of the use of donation-based crowdfunding to enable terrorist-related financing.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study examines current and proposed European legislative and academic literature. To provide analysis on the current terrorist financing risks posed by donation-based crowdfunding.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The activity of European donation-based financing is not in theory completely removed from AML/CFT prevention, mitigation and reporting standards. European credit institutions and payment service providers are required to implement AML/CFT internal controls that target their entire customer base, which includes situations whereby an individual and/or individuals elect to engage in donation-based funds transfer. Current European crowdfunding and proposed crowdfunding AML/CFT standards target investment and consumer credit provision by credit and financial institutions and credit and mortgage intermediaries. Donation-based terrorist financing will likely remain a consideration for subversive groups and lone wolf individuals seeking integrated financing. European credit institutions and payment service providers will be required to cooperate both internally and externally on a national and transnational basis to prevent the materialisation of donation-based financing risks, ex-ante.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000A desktop review composed by the author.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Money Laundering Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1108/jmlc-07-2024-206
Louis de Koker
{"title":"Editorial: FATF greylisting: time to revisit the approach","authors":"Louis de Koker","doi":"10.1108/jmlc-07-2024-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jmlc-07-2024-206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Money Laundering Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141228516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}