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Urban vernacular landscapes: toward a visual pedagogy of the ordinary 城市乡土景观:走向普通的视觉教育学
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2263257
Jerome Krase
ABSTRACTAlthough many social scientists employ visual media in their research and teaching, the connection between the ‘visual’ and the ‘social science’ is often tenuous. Photographs often are reserved for illustrating textual concepts, or making standard findings more interesting to readers than the normal textual exposition in tables, pie charts, graphs, or other methods of data visualization. In my research about urban lives and cultures, I have extensively photographed what John Brinckerhoff Jackson called ‘vernacular landscapes.’ Although photojournalists, as well as documentary and street photographers, have also engaged in similar image capturing practices, as opposed to their more aesthetic and artistic accomplishments, I have tried to firmly connect my images to normal social science theories and methods. This visually enhanced essay will describe, discuss, and give examples from my own photographic studies of urban vernacular landscapes over several decades and across the globe. It is hoped that in this autobiographical process, the difference between artistic and scientific photography as to theories of class, globalization, race, and other social issues will be made clearer.KEYWORDS: artphotographysocial scienceurbanvernacular landscape AcknowledgementsSupport for some of the photographic research presented in this essay was provided by the PSCCUNY Faculty Research Awards, Kosciuszko Foundation, Polish Ministry of National Education, Murray Koppelman Foundation, J. William Fulbright Foreign Commission, University of Western Australia, University of Rome, La Sapienza, Rome, Italy, and the University Suor Orsola Benincasa, Naples, Italy.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsJerome KraseJerome Krase, Emeritus and Murray Koppelman Professor at Brooklyn College of The City University of New York is an activist-scholar working with public and private agencies regarding urban community issues. His Bachelor’s Degree is from Indiana University and his PhD from New York University. He researches, lectures, photographs, and writes about urban life and culture globally. A sample of his books include Ethnic Landscapes in an Urban World (2006), edited with Ray Hutchison, Seeing Cities Change: Local Culture and Class (2012), Race, Class, and Gentrification in Brooklyn, with Judith N. DeSena (2016), Diversity in Local Contexts, edited with Zdenek Uhurek (2017), The Status of Interpretation in Italian American Studies, Gentrification around the World, Volume 1: Gentrifiers and the Displaced, and Volume 2: Innovative Approaches, Co-Editor with Judith N. DeSena (2020). He co-edits Urbanities and serves on the editorial boards of Visual Studies and the Journal of Video Ethnography. Professor Krase is an officer of ProBonoDesign Inc, and is active in the American, European, and International Sociological Associations, Commission on Urban Anthropology IUAES, Internatio
虽然许多社会科学家在他们的研究和教学中使用视觉媒体,但“视觉”和“社会科学”之间的联系往往是脆弱的。照片通常用于说明文本概念,或者使标准发现比表、饼图、图形或其他数据可视化方法中的普通文本说明对读者更有趣。在我对城市生活和文化的研究中,我大量拍摄了约翰·布林克霍夫·杰克逊(John Brinckerhoff Jackson)所说的“乡土景观”。虽然摄影记者、纪实摄影师和街头摄影师也从事类似的图像捕捉实践,而不是他们更多的审美和艺术成就,但我一直试图将我的图像与正常的社会科学理论和方法紧密联系起来。这篇视觉强化的文章将描述、讨论并给出我自己几十年来在全球范围内对城市乡土景观的摄影研究的例子。希望在这个自传式的过程中,艺术摄影与科学摄影在阶级、全球化、种族等社会问题理论上的区别能够更加清晰。致谢本文中提出的部分摄影研究得到了PSCCUNY教师研究奖、Kosciuszko基金会、波兰国家教育部、Murray Koppelman基金会、J. William Fulbright外交委员会、西澳大利亚大学、意大利罗马拉萨皮恩扎大学和意大利那不勒斯苏尔奥索拉贝南卡萨大学的支持。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。其他信息关于投稿人的说明jerome Krase jerome Krase是纽约城市大学布鲁克林学院的荣誉教授和Murray Koppelman教授,他是一位活跃的学者,与公共和私人机构合作研究城市社区问题。他的学士学位来自印第安纳大学,博士学位来自纽约大学。他对全球城市生活和文化进行研究、演讲、摄影和写作。他的著作包括:《城市世界中的民族景观》(2006年),与雷·哈奇森合作编辑;《目睹城市的变化:地方文化和阶级》(2012年);《布鲁克林的种族、阶级和士绅化》(2016年);《地方语境中的多样性》,与兹德内克·乌胡雷克合作编辑(2017年);《意大利美国研究中的阐释现状》,《世界各地的士绅化》,第一卷:士绅化者和流离失所者;《创新方法》,与Judith N. DeSena共同编辑(2020年)。他是《城市》杂志的共同编辑,并担任《视觉研究》和《视频人种学杂志》的编委会成员。Krase教授是ProBonoDesign Inc .的官员,活跃于美国、欧洲和国际社会学协会、城市人类学委员会(IUAES)、国际城市研讨会、H-NET人文在线和国际视觉社会学协会。
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引用次数: 0
From social integration to social emplacement: perspectives from Italian rural areas 从社会融合到社会安置:来自意大利农村地区的视角
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2259061
Melissa Moralli, Pierluigi Musarò, Paola Parmiggiani
ABSTRACTThis contribution presents the results of a qualitative research conducted on migrant settlement in rural Italy. It proposes moving beyond the concept of social integration to explore the potential of social emplacement of asylum seekers and refugees in non-urban areas. From this point of view, the results will be presented in the light of four analytical categories. The first is that of the influences of the specificities of Italian rural contexts on social emplacement processes. The second concerns the important issue of choice concerning migration paths in relation to non-urban areas. The third investigates the creation of social capital and the potentialities and limits observed in rural contexts. Finally, the contribution looks at the possibilities of access to services and forms of housing.KEYWORDS: Social emplacementsocial integrationmigrant settlementrural areasrefugees Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 The European Rural Vision 2040 is a long-term vision for the EU’s non-urban areas up to 2040 that identifies areas of action towards stronger, connected, resilient and prosperous rural communities: https://rural-vision.europa.eu/index_en, last accessed on 05/01/2022.2 https://whole-comm.eu/, last accessed on 02/01/2023.3 https://matilde-migration.eu/, last accessed on 02/01/2023.4 https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Ageing_Europe_-_statistics_on_population_developments#Older_people_.E2.80.94_population_overview, last accessed on 06/01/2023.5 The Italian reception system is divided into first (extraordinary) and second (ordinary) reception. The first reception centers, called ‘Centri di Accoglienza Straordinaria’ [Extraordinary reception centers] (CAS), are placed under the responsibility of prefectures. The centres of the second level of reception (Systems of Reception and Integration – SAI) can be activated voluntarily by local authorities and in collaboration with the third sector to implement integrated reception projects. They refer to two levels of reception: the first level, accessed by asylum seekers, provides for material reception services, health, social and psychological assistance, linguistic-cultural mediation; the second level, accessed by holders of international protection, also includes job orientation and vocational training.6 https://www.welcomingspaces.eu/, last accessed on 06/09/2023.7 Bonding social capital refers to relations within a group or community that share similar characteristics (social class, age, gender, religion, etc.) whereas bridging social capital is between social groups and individuals with different characteristics.8 A ‘sanatoria’ is the legitimisation by the Italian authorities of an irregular state of affairs or an abnormal situation. On the subject of immigration, Italy regularly promotes these ‘amnesties’, which aim to regularise the irregular status of foreign workers and their employers. However, th
他是墨尔本大学名誉教授、伦敦政治经济学院、纽约大学公共知识研究所(美国)和莫纳什大学(澳大利亚)研究员。他在媒体和移民、边界和人权、表演艺术和积极公民等领域出版了多本书籍和论文。他是意大利非政府组织YODA的主席,IT.A.CÀ_migrants和旅行者:负责任旅游节的创始主任,以及意大利反对仇恨言论网络的创始成员。Paola Parmiggiani是文化与交际过程社会学的正教授。她是Ces.Co.Com的成员。博洛尼亚大学传播与可持续消费研究中心。她的主要研究兴趣是消费实践和文化研究,特别是关于负责任消费的实践、公民参与的过程、社会和人道主义沟通。关于这些主题,她进行了几次科学研究、会议和研讨会(国内和国际),并在期刊和科学期刊上发表了文章。
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引用次数: 0
‘I say it’s spinach, and I say the hell with it’: an exploratory study of the single-panel cartoon and the comic mode in society “我说这是菠菜,我说它见鬼去吧”:单面漫画与社会漫画模式的探索性研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2237238
John Grady
ABSTRACTSingle-panel gag cartoons are behavioral records of the comic in society, or of how people manage what they find anxiety producing, annoying, or dismaying in their everyday affairs by transforming these experiences into humor, which is then used as a vehicle to manage difficult feelings and imagine new ways of conceptualizing their situation. Cartoons, thus, are products of the jokes and comic wit that are endemic in everyday life. Because most humor is evanescent, social scientists have not accorded the comic the full attention it deserves, conceiving it as merely a response to social forces – a type of situational adjustment – rather than acknowledging it as a social force in its own right produced by unconscious psychological dynamics that alert people to those aspects of the world, which invite attention and foster anxiety. Cartoons, therefore, are of value to social scientists not only as records of what large audiences in modern societies have found amusing at a given point in time, but also provide insight into various situations in mass society that create anxiety, and how people imagine defining and managing that anxiety.KEYWORDS: Cartoonscomedypictures as social indicatorsvisual sociologyvisual studies Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 One of the best accounts of this process of change is Vaclav Smil Creating the Twentieth Century (Citation2005); also instructive is Grady ‘Imagining the City as Home: Functional Prerequisites and Moral Challenges’ (Citation2023).2 One of the clearest documentations of editorial censorship are a series of books publishing selected cartoons by major artists that were rejected by The New Yorker (Diffee, Citation2006, Citation2007, Citation2022).3 While the ‘y-axis’ clearly represents a timeline, Tufte has chosen some odd labeling for the other two axes in his graph, which has diminished its utility among his many admirers. Stories are, by definition, based on utterances that combine at the very least a subject (noun) with an action (verb). If each line is defined as a story, asserting that every point in every line so represented, includes both a noun and verb is a tautology. In fact, the very same graph would be more useful – and the metaphor more compelling – if the ‘x-axis’ represented a communicator, and the ‘z-axis’ a place in the world, whether defined locally, regionally, nationally or in some other fashion. In this way, it would move from being a conceit, to something closer to a model of how communication occurs in everyday life.4 Gregory Bateson is discussed in Norrick (Citation1993) on pages 142–144.Additional informationNotes on contributorsJohn GradyJohn Grady is Emeritus Professor of Sociology at Wheaton College (Norton, Massachusetts). He is a Past President of the International Visual Sociology Association (IVSA) and has written extensively on visual research and analysis. He has also co—produced a number of documentary films,
摘要单面板插科打诨漫画是社会中喜剧的行为记录,或者是人们如何通过将这些经历转化为幽默来处理他们在日常事务中发现的焦虑、烦恼或沮丧,然后将这些经历用作管理困难情绪和想象概念化他们处境的新方法的工具。因此,漫画是日常生活中普遍存在的笑话和幽默的产物。因为大多数幽默都是短暂的,社会科学家没有给予喜剧应有的充分关注,他们认为它仅仅是对社会力量的一种反应——一种情境调整——而不是承认它本身是一种社会力量,它是由无意识的心理动力产生的,它提醒人们注意世界上那些引起关注和助长焦虑的方面。因此,漫画对社会科学家来说很有价值,不仅因为它记录了现代社会的大量观众在某一特定时间点发现了什么有趣的东西,而且还提供了对大众社会中产生焦虑的各种情况的洞察,以及人们如何想象定义和管理这种焦虑。关键词:卡通、喜剧、图片作为社会指标、视觉社会学、视觉研究披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。注1对这一变化过程的最佳描述之一是瓦茨拉夫·斯米尔创造了20世纪(Citation2005);格雷迪的《想象城市是家:功能前提和道德挑战》(Citation2023)也具有指导意义编辑审查最明显的证据之一是,《纽约客》拒绝了一系列出版主要艺术家精选漫画的书籍(Diffee, Citation2006, Citation2007, Citation2022)虽然“y轴”清楚地表示一个时间轴,但Tufte在他的图表中为其他两个轴选择了一些奇怪的标签,这削弱了它在他的许多崇拜者中的效用。根据定义,故事是基于至少结合了主语(名词)和动作(动词)的话语。如果每一行都被定义为一个故事,那么断言每一行的每一点都包含名词和动词就是同义反复。事实上,如果“x轴”代表一个传播者,“z轴”代表世界上的一个地方,无论是本地的、区域的、国家的还是其他方式的定义,那么同样的图表会更有用,比喻也更有说服力。通过这种方式,它将从一种自负转变为一种更接近于日常生活中交流方式的模型格里高利·贝特森在《诺里克》(Citation1993) 142-144页被讨论。作者简介:约翰·格雷迪约翰·格雷迪是惠顿学院(马萨诸塞州诺顿)的名誉社会学教授。他是国际视觉社会学协会(IVSA)的前任主席,并撰写了大量关于视觉研究和分析的文章。他还参与制作了多部纪录片,包括《观澜湖与波士顿奇迹》(1979)和《水与工程师的梦想》(1983)。
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引用次数: 0
Social construction of places as meaningful objects: a symbolic interactionist approach 场所作为有意义对象的社会建构:一种符号互动主义方法
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2259060
Reza Azarian
Places play a crucial role in the formation of both individual and collective identities. This article seeks to specify how a collective identity is constructed and sustained on the basis of the emotional bonds that the members of the group grow to the place. Drawing on the basic tenets of symbolic interactionism, the article argues that in order to function as the foundation of a group identity, a place needs to be perceived as a meaningful object of particular value. Furthermore, the article argues that the meaningfulness of the place occurs through the articulation of a narrative of uniqueness, that, drawing on the bulk of shared place-related life experiences, celebrates the special character of the place in question and shores up its unique meaning and value.
地点在个人和集体身份的形成中起着至关重要的作用。本文试图说明集体身份是如何在群体成员成长到某个地方的情感纽带的基础上构建和维持的。根据符号互动主义的基本原则,本文认为,为了作为群体身份的基础,一个地方需要被视为具有特定价值的有意义的对象。此外,文章还认为,地方的意义是通过独特叙事的表达而产生的,这种叙事通过大量与地方相关的共同生活经历来庆祝这个地方的特殊性,并巩固其独特的意义和价值。
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引用次数: 1
Divided we stand, united we fall? Structure and struggles of contemporary German sociology 分裂则存,团结则亡?当代德国社会学的结构与斗争
IF 1.5 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2244170
Christian Schmidt-Wellenburg, Andreas Schmitz
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引用次数: 0
Managing violent behavior: a case study on the Bonek football club supporters in Indonesia 管理暴力行为:以印尼Bonek足球俱乐部支持者为例
IF 1.5 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2244171
R. R. N. Setyowati, M. Yani, Rojil Nugroho Bayu Aji, Madlazim
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引用次数: 0
Rediscovering visual sociology, once again 再一次重新发现视觉社会学
IF 1.5 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2233296
Jon Wagner
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引用次数: 0
Moral identity, identification and emotion: a relational and interactive approach 道德认同、认同和情感:一种关系和互动的方法
IF 1.5 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2242648
O. Abbott, I. Burkitt
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引用次数: 0
‘Learning from photogaffes: a primer for home mode visual culture' “从照片中学习:家庭模式视觉文化入门”
IF 1.5 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2233293
R. Chalfen
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引用次数: 0
Italian far-right foreign fighters in the Ukrainian war. The long chain of Transnational Recruitment Network (TRN) 乌克兰战争中的意大利极右翼外国战士。跨国招聘网络(TRN)长链
IF 1.5 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/03906701.2023.2233286
E. Toscano, Andrea Grippo
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Review of Sociology-Revue Internationale de Sociologie
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