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Archaeometric analysis of Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age pottery from Setefilla (SW Spain) 塞特菲拉(西班牙西南部)青铜时代晚期和铁器时代早期陶器的考古分析
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-04 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.4284405
Michał Krueger, Dirk Brandherm, Marta Krueger, P. Niedzielski
This paper presents results from the initial stage of an ongoing project exploring changes in pottery production at the Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age transition in the south-western part of the Iberian Peninsula. For the chosen study area this period is of particular interest because of the introduction of new pottery types, manufacuring techniques, and possibly also different organisational models in the wake of the Phoenician expansion into the western Mediterranean. The initial stage of our project focused on samples from the key site of Setefilla, with a methodology based on both non-destructive and destructive analysis of ceramic samples: 1) non-destructive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), 2) very precise optical emission spectrometry (OES) and 3) petrography of pottery samples. The results of this research show a significant correlation between manufacturing techniques, type of clay paste used and elemental composition. Alongside this approach we also conducted a radiocarbon dating programme on cremated human remains from the site, to provide a chronological context for any changes observed in the pottery assemblage over time. Our results demonstrate that through systematic spectrographic and petrographic analysis we can overcome some of the basic problems relating to the chemical and petrographic identification of different pottery groups, with a view to establishing the provenance of so-called “imports”.
本文介绍了一个正在进行的项目的初始阶段的结果,该项目探索了伊比利亚半岛西南部青铜时代晚期/铁器时代早期过渡时期陶器生产的变化。对于选定的研究区域来说,这一时期特别有趣,因为在腓尼基人向西地中海扩张之后,新的陶器类型、制造技术和可能不同的组织模式被引入。我们项目的初始阶段集中在setefila关键地点的样品上,采用基于陶瓷样品的无损和破坏性分析的方法:1)无损x射线荧光光谱法(XRF), 2)非常精确的光学发射光谱法(OES)和3)陶瓷样品的岩石学。本研究结果表明,制造技术、粘土膏体类型和元素组成之间存在显著的相关性。除了这种方法,我们还对现场的火化人类遗骸进行了放射性碳定年计划,以提供陶器组合随时间变化的时间背景。我们的研究结果表明,通过系统的光谱和岩石学分析,我们可以克服与不同陶器群的化学和岩石学鉴定有关的一些基本问题,以期确定所谓的“进口”的来源。
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引用次数: 1
Roman land division in Istria, Croatia: historiography, LIDAR, structural survey and excavations 克罗地亚伊斯特拉的罗马土地划分:史学、激光雷达、结构调查和挖掘
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.4394051
Sara Popović, Davor Bulić, R. Matijašić, Katarina Gerometta, G. Boschian
Many interpretations of the ancient cadastre of the Roman colonies of Pola and Parentium on the Istrian peninsula in Croatia have been offered recently on the basis of satellite imagery and the Croatian topographic map. This grid, spreading continuously over an area of roughly 1200 km2, was identified through numerous structures which correspond to the ancient Roman metric system, but they were never a part of further research. This approach enabled identification of structures that were most often visible in the contemporary cadastre, like modern roads or field boundaries, but gaps were left in areas where the modern cadastre did not reflect the ancient one. Until the commission of airborne laser scanning (ALS or LiDAR), from which our research began, one of these gaps was on the northern side of the Lim bay, in the Municipality of Vrsar. Interpretation of ALS data resulted in detecting different, multi-temporal spatial organisations of the landscape, among which were numerous, previously unidentified, remains of the Roman limites. The results of this interpretation guided the field inspection. Different surface manifestations of individual remains were categorized, and it was defined which are the original Roman structures. The results of this structural survey subsequently guided the archaeological excavations. Only with the combination of these procedures it was possible to understand the original construction of the limites.
最近根据卫星图像和克罗地亚地形图,对克罗地亚伊斯特拉半岛上的波拉和帕伦提姆罗马殖民地的古代地籍进行了许多解释。这个网格在大约1200平方公里的面积上连续扩展,通过许多与古罗马公制系统相对应的结构来确定,但它们从未成为进一步研究的一部分。这种方法能够识别在当代地籍中最常见的结构,如现代道路或田野边界,但在现代地籍与古代地籍没有反映的地方留下了空白。我们的研究从机载激光扫描(ALS或LiDAR)开始,在此之前,其中一个缺口位于Vrsar市Lim湾的北侧。对ALS数据的解释导致检测到景观的不同,多时间空间组织,其中有许多以前未被识别的罗马边界遗迹。这一解释的结果指导了实地视察。对单个遗骸的不同表面表现进行了分类,并确定了哪些是原始的罗马建筑。这次结构调查的结果随后指导了考古发掘。只有把这些程序结合起来,才有可能理解极限的原始构造。
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引用次数: 4
PANDEMICS - FROM ANCIENT TIMES TO COVID19 SOME THOUGHTS 流行病——从古代到covid - 19的一些想法
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-03-23 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.3724821
I. Liritzis
Since the dawn of civilization, there have been epidemics and pandemics They are, in reality, an unintended consequence of civilization Prehistoric societies (our ancestors), surely have been affected by diseases, but they had few opportunities to exchange germs outside their own culture since the earliest humans lived in small isolated bands The condition shifted drastically when, about 10,000 years ago, the agricultural revolution replaced a nomadic, hunting-gathering society, with a sedentary lifestyle Here we present our views on the causes of pandemics, the human and natural causal factors, review some hallmarks of regional / global diseases from history, while in outbursts we recall the theory of complexity from the non-linear human cultural evolution [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Mediterranean Archaeology & Archaeometry is the property of University of the Aegean and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )
自从文明出现以来,就有了流行病和流行病,实际上,它们是文明的意外后果史前社会(我们的祖先)肯定受到疾病的影响,但他们很少有机会在自己的文化之外交流细菌,因为最早的人类生活在小的孤立的群体中。大约1万年前,农业革命取代了游牧、狩猎采集的社会,情况发生了巨大变化。在这里,我们阐述了我们对流行病的起因、人为因素和自然因素的看法,回顾了历史上区域性/全球性疾病的一些特征,【摘要】《地中海考古与考古》版权归爱琴海大学所有,未经版权所有人的书面许可,其内容不得被复制、通过电子邮件发送到多个网站或发布到一个列表服务器。本摘要可能被删节,不保证副本的准确性,用户应参考材料的原始出版版本(版权适用于所有摘要)
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引用次数: 5
Aristotle, King David, King Zhou and Pharao Thutmosis III have seen comet Encke 亚里斯多德、大卫王、周王和法老图特摩斯三世都见过恩克彗星
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.3605658
G. Henriksson
Aristotle saw a great winter comet with a tail reaching up to Orion. It was Comet Encke on 31 December in 372 BC. When it became visible in the morning, after 9 January 371 BC, Ephoros saw its nucl ...
亚里士多德看到了一颗巨大的冬季彗星,它的尾巴一直延伸到猎户座。它是公元前372年12月31日的恩克彗星。当它在公元前371年1月9日的早晨出现时,以弗罗斯看到了它的核……
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Mallorca Cathedral seismic behavior using different analysis techniques 用不同的分析技术评价马略卡大教堂的地震行为
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2585970
Ahmed Elyamani, P. Fabregat, Josep Oriol Caselles Magallón, Jaime Clapes Boixader
The paper discusses the seismic assessment of Mallorca cathedral in Spain. This cathedral is an audacious Gothic structure built on the island of Mallorca during 14th-16th centuries, characterized by its large dimensions and slender structural members. For that purpose, different analysis methods were used. A 3D Finite Element (FE) model of the cathedral was created and then updated based on in-situ dynamic identification tests. Nonlinear static (pushover) analysis was firstly carried out applying the seismic loads in the longitudinal and transversal directions of the cathedral considering both positive and negative signs. The pushover results were compared with the results of the kinematic limit analysis as a way to cross check the seismic safety assessment. Although for such a large historical structure, the nonlinear time-history (dynamic) analysis requires a very high computer effort, an attempt to perform this type of advanced analysis was carried out.
本文讨论了西班牙马略卡大教堂的地震评估。这座大教堂是一座大胆的哥特式建筑,建于14 -16世纪的马略卡岛,其特点是它的大尺寸和细长的结构成员。为此,使用了不同的分析方法。建立了大教堂的三维有限元模型,并根据现场动态识别测试进行了更新。首先对大教堂的纵向和横向地震荷载进行了非线性静力(推覆)分析,同时考虑了正负标志。将推覆结果与运动极限分析结果进行比较,作为对地震安全性评估的一种交叉检查。尽管对于如此大型的历史结构,非线性时程(动力)分析需要非常高的计算机工作量,但还是进行了这种高级分析的尝试。
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引用次数: 3
Elemental analysis by field-emission scanning electron microscope of ancient glass beads sample from Pulau Kalumpang archaeological site, (Perak, Malaysia) 马来西亚霹雳州卡鲁邦岛考古遗址古玻璃珠样品的场发射扫描电镜元素分析
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.2585992
Nurasyikin Abdul Rahman, Zuliskandar Ramli, A. Hussin, M. Nasir, Nur Sarahah Mohd Supian, Hossein Sarhaddi Dadian
Continuous research and excavation lead to the discovery of the 2 nd A.D. prehistoric settlement in the mangrove area located in Pulau Kalumpang, Perak, Malaysia. The findings encountered included pottery and earthenware, bones and abundance of various colors and shapes of glass beads. Glass beads are a handy archeological finding for its convenience size, portability and attractive material. An analysis using Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) conducted on the seventeen glass beads samples. The samples are the combination of seven major colors and three shapes. The analysis resulted to a composition that high in silica (52.0% to 78.0%), aluminum (9.0% to 20%) and sodium (3.0% to 19.0%), a key feature of South East Asia’s Indo- Pacific glass beads. The composition also shows no similarities composition to the glass beads from China, Europe and India. Different trace elements compared to the glass beads Sg Mas, Kedah pointed that the glass beads found was made in Pulau Kalumpang and the raw materials from broken glass were originated from Middle East.
经过持续的研究和挖掘,在马来西亚霹雳州的Pulau Kalumpang红树林地区发现了公元2世纪的史前定居点。他们发现了陶器、陶器、骨头和大量不同颜色和形状的玻璃珠。玻璃珠是一个方便的考古发现,因为它方便的尺寸,便携性和吸引人的材料。用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)对17个玻璃微珠样品进行了分析。样品是七种主要颜色和三种形状的组合。分析结果表明,这种成分的硅(52.0%至78.0%)、铝(9.0%至20%)和钠(3.0%至19.0%)含量很高,这是东南亚印度-太平洋地区玻璃珠的主要特征。其成分也与中国、欧洲和印度的玻璃珠没有相似之处。与玻璃珠相比,不同的微量元素,吉达指出,发现的玻璃珠是在加鲁邦岛制造的,碎玻璃的原料来自中东。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis and Interpretation of Neolithic Period Footprints from Barcın Höyük, Turkey 土耳其Barcın Höyük新石器时代脚印的分析与解释
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-01-09 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.1161355
Derya Atamtürk, R. Özbal, F. Gerritsen, İ. Duyar
Presented here are a pair of preserved footprints discovered in 2014 at the site of Barcin Hoyuk, a Neolithic site located in northwestern Turkey. The footprints date to approximately 6400 cal. BC. This article provides anthropological estimations for the individuals who left the footprints and discusses the possibility of symbolism using contextual information and ethnographic and archaeological parallels.
这里展示的是2014年在位于土耳其西北部的新石器时代遗址Barcin Hoyuk遗址发现的一对保存完好的脚印。这些脚印大约可以追溯到公元前6400年。本文提供了留下脚印的个人的人类学估计,并讨论了使用上下文信息和民族志和考古相似的象征主义的可能性。
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引用次数: 3
Archaeometallurgical analysis of maritime steel nails from crusader Jaffa, ca. 13th century AD 公元13世纪雅法十字军航海用钢钉的考古冶金学分析
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.1297165
Brett Kaufman, Davide Zori, A. Burke, Martin Peilstöcker
The harbor town of Jaffa (Tel Yafo) was vital for the medieval Crusader States, functioning as a place where reinforcements, pilgrims, and communications entered the Latin East. An assemblage of five ship nails from Jaffa that were removed for reuse in the 13th century AD are examined and shown to be informative for understanding Crusader iron production, economic sustainability in the Crusader States, and the connections between northern European and Mediterranean ship construction traditions. Archaeometallurgical analyses of these ship nails demonstrate the first metallographically documented examples of Crusader steel recovered from archaeological contexts, as well as rare evidence of uncorroded Crusader alloys (nonnumismatic). The analysis also provides likely evidence for the use of iron hardware from the northern European tradition in the Crusader-period Levant.
港口城市雅法(Tel Yafo)对中世纪的十字军国家至关重要,是援军、朝圣者和通讯进入拉丁东方的地方。一组来自雅法(Jaffa)的五枚船钉,在公元13世纪被移走重新使用。研究人员对这些钉子进行了研究,并证明了它们对了解十字军铁的生产、十字军国家的经济可持续性以及北欧和地中海船舶建造传统之间的联系提供了信息。对这些船钉的考古金相分析证明了从考古背景中发现的第一批十字军钢铁的金相记录,以及罕见的未腐蚀的十字军合金(非钱币)的证据。该分析还为十字军时期黎凡特使用北欧传统的铁器提供了可能的证据。
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引用次数: 0
Integrated dynamic and thermography investigation of Mallorca cathedral 马略卡大教堂综合动力与热成像研究
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.1165360
Ahmed Elyamani, Josep Oriol Caselles Magallón, P. Fabregat, Jaime Clapes Boixader
An integrated investigation of engineering archaeometry was carried out using dynamic identification, dynamic monitoring and Infra-Red (IR) thermography for the study of the dynamic behavior of Mallorca cathedral in Spain. The cathedral is a large historical masonry structure built during 14-16th c. Dynamic identification and monitoring allowed the capturing of eight natural frequencies of the cathedral. IR thermography was used as a complementary inspection technique in the context of a continuous monitoring. Usually, IR thermography is used punctually for the inspection of a part of an inspected structure. Here an alternative was tried as the IR camera was installed for two two-weeks periods in the winter and in the summer of 2011 to monitor the stone surface temperature of a large portion of the cathedral. The correlation between the cathedral natural frequencies and the stone surface temperature of some selected structural elements was investigated and compared with the correlation with the external and the internal temperatures. It was found that the correlation with stone surface temperature was lower than that with external temperature. The study allowed a better understanding of the influence of temperature changes on the structure’s dynamic behavior.
采用动态识别、动态监测和红外热成像技术,对西班牙马略卡大教堂的动态行为进行了综合工程考古调查。大教堂是一座建于14-16世纪的大型历史砖石结构建筑。动态识别和监测可以捕获大教堂的8个自然频率。在连续监测的情况下,红外热像仪被用作补充检查技术。通常,红外热像仪是用来准时地检查被检查结构的一部分。在这里,我们尝试了另一种方法,在2011年的冬季和夏季分别安装了两个两周的红外摄像机,以监测大教堂大部分石头表面的温度。研究了教堂固有频率与部分结构构件的石材表面温度之间的关系,并将其与外部温度和内部温度的关系进行了比较。结果表明,与石材表面温度的相关性低于与外部温度的相关性。该研究使人们更好地了解温度变化对结构动力行为的影响。
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引用次数: 8
FTIR analysis for the evaluation of some triazole fungicides for the treatment of wooden artifacts 用FTIR分析评价几种三唑类杀菌剂对木制品的处理效果
IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.1297161
Rehab El-Gamal, G. Abdel-Maksoud, S. Darwish, E. Topakas, P. Christakopoulos
The Growth of fungi on wooden artifacts is accompanied as a rule by various physic-chemical processes making wood rigid, brittle and deformed. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate some fungicides ...
真菌在木制品上的生长通常伴随着各种物理化学过程,使木材变硬、变脆和变形。因此,有必要对某些杀菌剂进行评价。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Mediterranean Archaeology & Archaeometry
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