Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.0901.2000.17
G. Reynolds, D. Fisher, A. Estrada, R. Trotter
American Indians and Alaska Natives have had low employment in recent history. Drug users also have low employment due to cycles of drug use and relapse,and the impact of the type of drug abused on levels of functioning. Drug use is associated with increased HIV risk through injection drug use, frequency of injection, and needle sharing. Data from three sites of the NIDA Cooperative Agreement for Community Based-Outreach/Intervention Research were analyzed to determine the relationship among race/ethnicity, age, and level of educational attainment on employment and unemployment at intake interview and six-month follow-up. HIV risk for those employed and unemployed was then assessed. American Indian and Alaska Native drug users were younger, less educated, and less likely to have a paid job at both intake and follow-up than non-Native drug users. Those participants who were unemployed at baseline interview who were American Indian/Alaska Native were less likely to transition to employment at six-month follow-up than other race/ethnicity groups in the cohort. However, all participants showed low levels of employment at follow-up. Individuals who were employed at baseline and those who transitioned to employment had lower levels of injection drug use and needle sharing than those who were unemployed at both baseline and follow-up. American Indian and Alaska Native drug users may be at risk for acquisition of HIV due to drug risk behaviors that appear to be associated with unemployment.
{"title":"Unemployment, drug use, and HIV risk among American Indian and Alaska Native drug users.","authors":"G. Reynolds, D. Fisher, A. Estrada, R. Trotter","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.0901.2000.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.0901.2000.17","url":null,"abstract":"American Indians and Alaska Natives have had low employment in recent history. Drug users also have low employment due to cycles of drug use and relapse,and the impact of the type of drug abused on levels of functioning. Drug use is associated with increased HIV risk through injection drug use, frequency of injection, and needle sharing. Data from three sites of the NIDA Cooperative Agreement for Community Based-Outreach/Intervention Research were analyzed to determine the relationship among race/ethnicity, age, and level of educational attainment on employment and unemployment at intake interview and six-month follow-up. HIV risk for those employed and unemployed was then assessed. American Indian and Alaska Native drug users were younger, less educated, and less likely to have a paid job at both intake and follow-up than non-Native drug users. Those participants who were unemployed at baseline interview who were American Indian/Alaska Native were less likely to transition to employment at six-month follow-up than other race/ethnicity groups in the cohort. However, all participants showed low levels of employment at follow-up. Individuals who were employed at baseline and those who transitioned to employment had lower levels of injection drug use and needle sharing than those who were unemployed at both baseline and follow-up. American Indian and Alaska Native drug users may be at risk for acquisition of HIV due to drug risk behaviors that appear to be associated with unemployment.","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"46 1","pages":"17-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81747617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.0902.2000.53
T. Tafoya
{"title":"Unmasking Dashkayah: storytelling and HIV prevention.","authors":"T. Tafoya","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.0902.2000.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.0902.2000.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"128 1","pages":"53-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85401083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.0902.2000.1
Karina L. Walters, J. Simoni, C. Harris
A preliminary survey of HIV risk and service preferences among American Indians residing in the New York metropolitan area included 68 women and 32 men (M age=35.8 years). Overall, the sample was knowledgeable about the mechanisms of HIV transmission, and 58 percent reported having taken an HIV test. However, of the 63 percent who reported sexual activity in the last six months, 73 percent reported engaging in vaginal or anal sex without a condom with at least 1 partner, and 52 percent used condoms none of the time during vaginal and anal sex. Almost half (43 percent) reported alcohol or other drug (AOD) use for non-ceremonial purposes in the last six months. Alarmingly, 44 percent reported lifetime trauma, including domestic violence (20 percent) and physical (29 percent) or sexual (26 percent) assault by a family member or stranger. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated trauma and drug use were factors that may place respondents at risk for sexual transmission of HIV. Trauma variables were better predictors of HIV risk behaviors than social cognitive variables providing preliminary support for the use of a postcolonial framework in American Indian HIV studies.
{"title":"Patterns and predictors of HIV risk among urban American Indians.","authors":"Karina L. Walters, J. Simoni, C. Harris","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.0902.2000.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.0902.2000.1","url":null,"abstract":"A preliminary survey of HIV risk and service preferences among American Indians residing in the New York metropolitan area included 68 women and 32 men (M age=35.8 years). Overall, the sample was knowledgeable about the mechanisms of HIV transmission, and 58 percent reported having taken an HIV test. However, of the 63 percent who reported sexual activity in the last six months, 73 percent reported engaging in vaginal or anal sex without a condom with at least 1 partner, and 52 percent used condoms none of the time during vaginal and anal sex. Almost half (43 percent) reported alcohol or other drug (AOD) use for non-ceremonial purposes in the last six months. Alarmingly, 44 percent reported lifetime trauma, including domestic violence (20 percent) and physical (29 percent) or sexual (26 percent) assault by a family member or stranger. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated trauma and drug use were factors that may place respondents at risk for sexual transmission of HIV. Trauma variables were better predictors of HIV risk behaviors than social cognitive variables providing preliminary support for the use of a postcolonial framework in American Indian HIV studies.","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86177206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.0903.2000.38
Westphal Ll
This paper examines prenatal drinking among American Indian/Alaska Native women using the 1988 Urban Indian Over-sample for the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey. Using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses, alcohol consumption during pregnancy was examined by demographic and behavioral variables. Although one out of every five American Indian/Alaska Native women consumed some amount of alcohol during pregnancy, those who used alcohol drank less than one drink per month.
{"title":"Prenatal alcohol use among urban American Indian/Alaska Native women.","authors":"Westphal Ll","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.0903.2000.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.0903.2000.38","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines prenatal drinking among American Indian/Alaska Native women using the 1988 Urban Indian Over-sample for the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey. Using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses, alcohol consumption during pregnancy was examined by demographic and behavioral variables. Although one out of every five American Indian/Alaska Native women consumed some amount of alcohol during pregnancy, those who used alcohol drank less than one drink per month.","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"38-48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82846404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.0903.2000.20
Martha L. Stoddart, Betty Jarvis, Beverly Blake, R. Fabsitz, B. Howard, Elisa Lee, T. Welty
This paper describes the methods used to recruit American Indian (AI) populations for the Strong Heart Study (SHS), a community-based study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors in AI men and women. Recruitment strategies included personal contact by recruiters and drivers/recruiters in remote areas, SHS staff participation in community activities, and mass media. A total of 4,549 participants aged 45-74 years were recruited from 13 American Indian tribes and communities. Overall participation rates were 72&percnt, 55&percnt, and 62&percnt, respectively, for the three study centers (Arizona, the Dakotas, and Oklahoma). Participant feedback and educational material related to risk factor reduction and promoting a healthy lifestyle were emphasized. Participants were likely to be female, young, and nonsmokers. Barriers to recruitment included lack of telephones in a large proportion of households, conflicting beliefs about health/health care/research, fears, taboos, and occasional rumors about study examination procedures. Participants were referred for follow-up of health problems detected by the study. The strong commitment of the participating communities helped to insure the success of the SHS, which can be considered a model for recruitment in future American Indian population-based studies. Success was facilitated by the use of a variety of recruitment techniques.
{"title":"Recruitment of American Indians in epidemiologic research: the Strong Heart Study.","authors":"Martha L. Stoddart, Betty Jarvis, Beverly Blake, R. Fabsitz, B. Howard, Elisa Lee, T. Welty","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.0903.2000.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.0903.2000.20","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the methods used to recruit American Indian (AI) populations for the Strong Heart Study (SHS), a community-based study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors in AI men and women. Recruitment strategies included personal contact by recruiters and drivers/recruiters in remote areas, SHS staff participation in community activities, and mass media. A total of 4,549 participants aged 45-74 years were recruited from 13 American Indian tribes and communities. Overall participation rates were 72&percnt, 55&percnt, and 62&percnt, respectively, for the three study centers (Arizona, the Dakotas, and Oklahoma). Participant feedback and educational material related to risk factor reduction and promoting a healthy lifestyle were emphasized. Participants were likely to be female, young, and nonsmokers. Barriers to recruitment included lack of telephones in a large proportion of households, conflicting beliefs about health/health care/research, fears, taboos, and occasional rumors about study examination procedures. Participants were referred for follow-up of health problems detected by the study. The strong commitment of the participating communities helped to insure the success of the SHS, which can be considered a model for recruitment in future American Indian population-based studies. Success was facilitated by the use of a variety of recruitment techniques.","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"20-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76571551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.0902.2000.22
B. Duran, M. Bulterys, J. Iralu, C. M. Graham Ahmed Edwards, A. Edwards, M. Harrison
This study investigated the health care and social service needs, barriers to care and satisfaction with services among American Indians with HIV/AIDS in a western tribe. Individual interviews were conducted with 28 respondents, which constituted nearly the entire population obtaining HIV/AIDS medical services from the IHS in the target area. The survey found that expressed need for services in this frontier rural area were lower than urban counterparts, but that access to needed services was lower. Common unmet medical needs include mental health services, eye and dental care, traditional Native medicine, and substance abuse treatment. Common unmet social service needs include housing assistance, help obtaining food and clothing, and transportation. Limited access to essential services impedes the ability of American Indians with HIV/AIDS to maintain effective medical regimens.
{"title":"American Indians with HIV/AIDS: health and social service needs, barriers to care, and satisfaction with services among a Western tribe.","authors":"B. Duran, M. Bulterys, J. Iralu, C. M. Graham Ahmed Edwards, A. Edwards, M. Harrison","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.0902.2000.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.0902.2000.22","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the health care and social service needs, barriers to care and satisfaction with services among American Indians with HIV/AIDS in a western tribe. Individual interviews were conducted with 28 respondents, which constituted nearly the entire population obtaining HIV/AIDS medical services from the IHS in the target area. The survey found that expressed need for services in this frontier rural area were lower than urban counterparts, but that access to needed services was lower. Common unmet medical needs include mental health services, eye and dental care, traditional Native medicine, and substance abuse treatment. Common unmet social service needs include housing assistance, help obtaining food and clothing, and transportation. Limited access to essential services impedes the ability of American Indians with HIV/AIDS to maintain effective medical regimens.","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"90 1","pages":"22-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75428096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.0403.1990.126
May
{"title":"Let the Debate, Study, and Action Continue: A Response to Twelve Critiques","authors":"May","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.0403.1990.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.0403.1990.126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"126-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80045320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.0202.1988.ED
G. M. Guilmet, D. Whited
{"title":"The people who give more: health and mental health among the contemporary Puyallup Indian Tribal Community.","authors":"G. M. Guilmet, D. Whited","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.0202.1988.ED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.0202.1988.ED","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74233065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.MONO01.1988.290
G. M. Guilmet, D. Whited
{"title":"Mental health care in a general health care system: the experience of the Puyallup.","authors":"G. M. Guilmet, D. Whited","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.MONO01.1988.290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.MONO01.1988.290","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"265 1","pages":"291-316 discussion 317-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77784817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1982-01-01DOI: 10.5820/AIAN.SPECIAL.1982.215
Manson
{"title":"Part 3: Services","authors":"Manson","doi":"10.5820/AIAN.SPECIAL.1982.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/AIAN.SPECIAL.1982.215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46147,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"215-297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89927241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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