Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2019.1660711
Hasna Abid, I. Baklouti, Z. Driss, J. Bessrour
ABSTRACT Nowadays, thermal comfort in an indoor environment is one of the most important aspects related to the general comfort encountered in human life. In this framework, numerous studies have been done in the aim to evaluate the parameters that affect the indoor thermal comfort. This paper focuses on a numerical investigation of Reynolds number (Re) effect on the airflow characteristics and the discomfort due to the draft for a ventilated cabin prototype. A series of numerical simulations were performed using the software ANSYS FLUENT 17.0. As observed in the numerical results, the Reynolds number has a major impact on the velocity fields, the static pressure and the turbulence characteristics. Hence, robust correlations between the velocity, the turbulence characteristics and the Reynolds number were presented. Furthermore, the numerical results highlighted that the Reynolds number has a direct impact on the discomfort due to the draft. In the median plane, the maximum value of predicted Percent Dissatisfied due to the draft (PD %) for Re = 6666 decreased by 2.7, 2.07 and 1.58 times the values reached by Re = 26666, Re = 20000 and Re = 13333 respectively. Accordingly, this paper presents the behaviour of airflow in the indoor environment that it will be useful in buildings design.
{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation of the Reynolds number effect on indoor airflow characteristics","authors":"Hasna Abid, I. Baklouti, Z. Driss, J. Bessrour","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2019.1660711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2019.1660711","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nowadays, thermal comfort in an indoor environment is one of the most important aspects related to the general comfort encountered in human life. In this framework, numerous studies have been done in the aim to evaluate the parameters that affect the indoor thermal comfort. This paper focuses on a numerical investigation of Reynolds number (Re) effect on the airflow characteristics and the discomfort due to the draft for a ventilated cabin prototype. A series of numerical simulations were performed using the software ANSYS FLUENT 17.0. As observed in the numerical results, the Reynolds number has a major impact on the velocity fields, the static pressure and the turbulence characteristics. Hence, robust correlations between the velocity, the turbulence characteristics and the Reynolds number were presented. Furthermore, the numerical results highlighted that the Reynolds number has a direct impact on the discomfort due to the draft. In the median plane, the maximum value of predicted Percent Dissatisfied due to the draft (PD %) for Re = 6666 decreased by 2.7, 2.07 and 1.58 times the values reached by Re = 26666, Re = 20000 and Re = 13333 respectively. Accordingly, this paper presents the behaviour of airflow in the indoor environment that it will be useful in buildings design.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"424 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2019.1660711","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45328092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2019.1626764
A. Sarkar, R. Bardhan
ABSTRACT This study intends to optimize the interior design layout of a low-income resettlement tenement unit that would deliver improved indoor environment experience, and harness high cooling energy saving potential by maximizing natural ventilation utilization. A mixed-mode research framework including ‘Sampling based parametric modelling’ followed by ‘computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations’ and ‘Multi-objective optimization’ was employed to derive at an optimal design layout (ODL) with enhanced experiential environmental quality in natural ventilation condition. The computational modelling was validated with environmental sensor data and occupant behaviour questionnaire survey. The CFD simulations coupled with energy transfer model was adopted here to estimate the energy saving potential of the naturally ventilated ODL. The final ODL was able to save 470.897 kWh of cooling energy annually with an annual cost saving of INR 3177.65, thereby saving 26.48% of the monthly average income of a typical low-income household. The results can aid building designers towards the conception of eco-sustainable habitat design guidelines.
{"title":"Optimal interior design for naturally ventilated low-income housing: a design-route for environmental quality and cooling energy saving","authors":"A. Sarkar, R. Bardhan","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2019.1626764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2019.1626764","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study intends to optimize the interior design layout of a low-income resettlement tenement unit that would deliver improved indoor environment experience, and harness high cooling energy saving potential by maximizing natural ventilation utilization. A mixed-mode research framework including ‘Sampling based parametric modelling’ followed by ‘computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations’ and ‘Multi-objective optimization’ was employed to derive at an optimal design layout (ODL) with enhanced experiential environmental quality in natural ventilation condition. The computational modelling was validated with environmental sensor data and occupant behaviour questionnaire survey. The CFD simulations coupled with energy transfer model was adopted here to estimate the energy saving potential of the naturally ventilated ODL. The final ODL was able to save 470.897 kWh of cooling energy annually with an annual cost saving of INR 3177.65, thereby saving 26.48% of the monthly average income of a typical low-income household. The results can aid building designers towards the conception of eco-sustainable habitat design guidelines.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"494 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2019.1626764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43454118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-02DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2020.1813197
T. Corbett, Eftychia Spentzou, M. Eftekhari
ABSTRACT Designing naturally ventilated deep, open-plan offices could improve occupants’ thermal comfort and productivity and ensure energy reductions; however, this can be challenging when relying on façade only openings. This research examines the ventilation performance sensitivity of atria, innovative façade openings and interior layouts of open-plan offices, in order to identify optimal typologies. Different building typologies are developed through a combination of various atria designs and configurations, with the effective use of high-aspect-ratio (HAR) openings with a similar dimension to that of the floor-to-ceiling height, in either a mid-level vertical (MLV) or high-level horizontal (HLH) orientation. Steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed to predict internal airflow and temperature distribution in a moderate climate and water-bath modelling (WBM) experiments to validate the computational models. Results showed that MLV provide superior cooling potential (up to 2.5°C reductions) and higher ventilations rates; despite, increasing thermal gradients. Unobstructed atria with a horizontal profile similar to that of the building footprint also performed well. Overall, façade opening design was shown to be the most influential design parameter. This research has presented guidance based on reliable results to better equip building designers and architects in the design of successful naturally ventilated deep, open-plan offices.
{"title":"Sensitivity analysis of proposed natural ventilation IEQ designs for archetypal open-plan office layouts in a temperate climate","authors":"T. Corbett, Eftychia Spentzou, M. Eftekhari","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2020.1813197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2020.1813197","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Designing naturally ventilated deep, open-plan offices could improve occupants’ thermal comfort and productivity and ensure energy reductions; however, this can be challenging when relying on façade only openings. This research examines the ventilation performance sensitivity of atria, innovative façade openings and interior layouts of open-plan offices, in order to identify optimal typologies. Different building typologies are developed through a combination of various atria designs and configurations, with the effective use of high-aspect-ratio (HAR) openings with a similar dimension to that of the floor-to-ceiling height, in either a mid-level vertical (MLV) or high-level horizontal (HLH) orientation. Steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed to predict internal airflow and temperature distribution in a moderate climate and water-bath modelling (WBM) experiments to validate the computational models. Results showed that MLV provide superior cooling potential (up to 2.5°C reductions) and higher ventilations rates; despite, increasing thermal gradients. Unobstructed atria with a horizontal profile similar to that of the building footprint also performed well. Overall, façade opening design was shown to be the most influential design parameter. This research has presented guidance based on reliable results to better equip building designers and architects in the design of successful naturally ventilated deep, open-plan offices.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"171 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2020.1813197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41706149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-19DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2020.1806925
A. Badar, A. Anvari‐Moghaddam
ABSTRACT Smart grid is providing new opportunities and techniques for supplying high energy demand of the ever growing energy industry. One-third of the total energy demand comes from the residential sector. A new frontier in this field is the Energy Management Systems being designed for the futuristic smart homes. A smart home is a home that shall be able to decide, control and optimize the operation of its equipments, on its own with minimal interference from its master, a human. One of the major factors for the successful development of a smart home is its ability to manage the energy resources including generation and storage. The recent smart home energy management publications have been reviewed in detail in this paper. The paper also elaborates on different demand response strategies used and the various equipments considered along with renewable energy generation and plug in electric vehicles (EV) employed in smart home energy management process. The literature is categorized based on various factors like tariff, storage, trading, monitoring, etc. affecting the performance of a smart home. These factors are mentioned, discussed and analysed in depth. Objective functions, constraints and communication models involved in smart home energy management models are also surveyed.
{"title":"Smart home energy management system – a review","authors":"A. Badar, A. Anvari‐Moghaddam","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2020.1806925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2020.1806925","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Smart grid is providing new opportunities and techniques for supplying high energy demand of the ever growing energy industry. One-third of the total energy demand comes from the residential sector. A new frontier in this field is the Energy Management Systems being designed for the futuristic smart homes. A smart home is a home that shall be able to decide, control and optimize the operation of its equipments, on its own with minimal interference from its master, a human. One of the major factors for the successful development of a smart home is its ability to manage the energy resources including generation and storage. The recent smart home energy management publications have been reviewed in detail in this paper. The paper also elaborates on different demand response strategies used and the various equipments considered along with renewable energy generation and plug in electric vehicles (EV) employed in smart home energy management process. The literature is categorized based on various factors like tariff, storage, trading, monitoring, etc. affecting the performance of a smart home. These factors are mentioned, discussed and analysed in depth. Objective functions, constraints and communication models involved in smart home energy management models are also surveyed.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"118 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2020.1806925","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48343788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-04DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2020.1801504
F. Pallonetto, Mattia De Rosa, D. Finn
ABSTRACT The present paper investigates the energy savings associated with the implementation of retrofitting measures on Irish residential buildings. A detached residential dwelling, representative of approximately 40% of the residential stock in Ireland, was selected as experimental test bed. The building was progressively retrofitted to an all-electric dwelling. Retrofit measures included the installation of a photovoltaic array, a geothermal heat pump, an electric vehicle charging point, along with building fabric upgrades. The building was equipped with a home area network with more than 30 sensors with 15 min monitoring resolution. The experimental data collected during the experimental campaign aided the comprehensive calibration of an EnergyPlus model. This model was used to investigate the effectiveness of the implemented retrofit measures in terms of energy savings and CO2 reductions. Real-time data from the Irish power system operator was used to calculate the building carbon footprint for different levels of renewable energy penetration to the national grid. Results show that the all-electric retrofitted building can achieve energy savings of up to 45%, with CO2 reductions of approximately 29%, compared to the pre-retrofitted building. Implementing the retrofit measures at scale could potentially lead to carbon emission reductions up to 14% for rural areas in Ireland.
{"title":"Environmental and economic benefits of building retrofit measures for the residential sector by utilizing sensor data and advanced calibrated models","authors":"F. Pallonetto, Mattia De Rosa, D. Finn","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2020.1801504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2020.1801504","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present paper investigates the energy savings associated with the implementation of retrofitting measures on Irish residential buildings. A detached residential dwelling, representative of approximately 40% of the residential stock in Ireland, was selected as experimental test bed. The building was progressively retrofitted to an all-electric dwelling. Retrofit measures included the installation of a photovoltaic array, a geothermal heat pump, an electric vehicle charging point, along with building fabric upgrades. The building was equipped with a home area network with more than 30 sensors with 15 min monitoring resolution. The experimental data collected during the experimental campaign aided the comprehensive calibration of an EnergyPlus model. This model was used to investigate the effectiveness of the implemented retrofit measures in terms of energy savings and CO2 reductions. Real-time data from the Irish power system operator was used to calculate the building carbon footprint for different levels of renewable energy penetration to the national grid. Results show that the all-electric retrofitted building can achieve energy savings of up to 45%, with CO2 reductions of approximately 29%, compared to the pre-retrofitted building. Implementing the retrofit measures at scale could potentially lead to carbon emission reductions up to 14% for rural areas in Ireland.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"89 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2020.1801504","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44251023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-08DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2020.1788990
P. Sukontasukkul, T. Sangpet, M. Newlands, Weerachart Tangchirapat, S. Limkatanyu, P. Chindaprasirt
ABSTRACT In this study, the influence of phase change materials (PCM) on the thermal behaviour of concrete sandwich panels was investigated. Sandwich panels are known for their high thermal efficiency however, this research proposed the integration of a PCM concrete layer to maximize the ability of PCM to store heat and slow down the rate of heat transfer. The thermal behaviour was tested by supplying heat energy to specimens until the core temperature reached 60°C. Specimens were allowed to cool until the core temperature returned to 40°C. The thermal behaviour was recorded and analysed. Three specimen types were tested: solid panels (SL), sandwich panels (SW) with and without a PCM concrete layer. For all SW panels, a 10-mm air gap was introduced between two layers at three different locations. Results showed that the air gap behaviour was modified with the heat transfer process by creating temperature lagging, thus resulting in a slower rate of heat transfer across the specimens. The temperature lagging was observed in SW panels and varied depending on the location of the air gap. The application of PCM in SW panels further reduced the rate of heat transfer and decreased the fluctuation of temperature lagging magnitude.
{"title":"Thermal behaviour of concrete sandwich panels incorporating phase change material","authors":"P. Sukontasukkul, T. Sangpet, M. Newlands, Weerachart Tangchirapat, S. Limkatanyu, P. Chindaprasirt","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2020.1788990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2020.1788990","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, the influence of phase change materials (PCM) on the thermal behaviour of concrete sandwich panels was investigated. Sandwich panels are known for their high thermal efficiency however, this research proposed the integration of a PCM concrete layer to maximize the ability of PCM to store heat and slow down the rate of heat transfer. The thermal behaviour was tested by supplying heat energy to specimens until the core temperature reached 60°C. Specimens were allowed to cool until the core temperature returned to 40°C. The thermal behaviour was recorded and analysed. Three specimen types were tested: solid panels (SL), sandwich panels (SW) with and without a PCM concrete layer. For all SW panels, a 10-mm air gap was introduced between two layers at three different locations. Results showed that the air gap behaviour was modified with the heat transfer process by creating temperature lagging, thus resulting in a slower rate of heat transfer across the specimens. The temperature lagging was observed in SW panels and varied depending on the location of the air gap. The application of PCM in SW panels further reduced the rate of heat transfer and decreased the fluctuation of temperature lagging magnitude.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"64 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2020.1788990","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47427377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2018.1547220
Ryan Sharston, S. Murray
ABSTRACT Considering the use of concrete in structural and cladding applications, and energy code requirements for inclusion of thermal insulation in building envelopes, an investigative study was carried out to determine how the interaction between thermal mass properties of concrete and thermal insulation in the building envelope affects the building energy performance. This study examines how the combination of thermal mass and insulation influences building energy use in eight U.S. climate zones through Energy Plus simulation. The measuring parameters include the concrete wall thickness and relative location of thermal insulation with respect to the thermal mass wall. Building energy consumption is measured in terms of annual heating and cooling energy demands, as well as total energy use. The paper presents conclusions about the potential benefits of thermal mass and insulation for office occupancy. The results have shown that in cold climates the addition of thermal insulation to a concrete enclosure provides significant further benefits beyond those provided by thermal mass alone, whereas in hot locations those benefits are fewer. These results also indicate that other influential design variables such as occupancy type could also demonstrate broader implications of the integration of thermal mass and insulation in different climate zones.
{"title":"The combined effects of thermal mass and insulation on energy performance in concrete office buildings","authors":"Ryan Sharston, S. Murray","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2018.1547220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2018.1547220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Considering the use of concrete in structural and cladding applications, and energy code requirements for inclusion of thermal insulation in building envelopes, an investigative study was carried out to determine how the interaction between thermal mass properties of concrete and thermal insulation in the building envelope affects the building energy performance. This study examines how the combination of thermal mass and insulation influences building energy use in eight U.S. climate zones through Energy Plus simulation. The measuring parameters include the concrete wall thickness and relative location of thermal insulation with respect to the thermal mass wall. Building energy consumption is measured in terms of annual heating and cooling energy demands, as well as total energy use. The paper presents conclusions about the potential benefits of thermal mass and insulation for office occupancy. The results have shown that in cold climates the addition of thermal insulation to a concrete enclosure provides significant further benefits beyond those provided by thermal mass alone, whereas in hot locations those benefits are fewer. These results also indicate that other influential design variables such as occupancy type could also demonstrate broader implications of the integration of thermal mass and insulation in different climate zones.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"322 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2018.1547220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46797539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2019.1607777
Mingju Gong, Haojie Zhou, Qilin Wang, Sheng Wang, Peng Yang
ABSTRACT Accurate heat load forecasting is an important issue to ensure the reliable and efficient operation of a district heating system. In this paper, a hybrid model that combines similar day (SD) selection and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to construct SD-DNNs model for short-term load forecasting (STLF) is presented. A new Euclidean Norm (EN) weighted by eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) is used to evaluate the similarity between the forecasting day and historical days. In this EN, the outdoor temperature, wind force and day-ahead load are simultaneously considered. And eight features are chosen as inputs of the DNNs to predict the heat load. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Mean Percentage Error (MPE) are used as accuracy evaluation indexes. The experimental results demonstrate that the SD-DNNs model can accurately forecast the heat load.
{"title":"District heating systems load forecasting: a deep neural networks model based on similar day approach","authors":"Mingju Gong, Haojie Zhou, Qilin Wang, Sheng Wang, Peng Yang","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2019.1607777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2019.1607777","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Accurate heat load forecasting is an important issue to ensure the reliable and efficient operation of a district heating system. In this paper, a hybrid model that combines similar day (SD) selection and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to construct SD-DNNs model for short-term load forecasting (STLF) is presented. A new Euclidean Norm (EN) weighted by eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) is used to evaluate the similarity between the forecasting day and historical days. In this EN, the outdoor temperature, wind force and day-ahead load are simultaneously considered. And eight features are chosen as inputs of the DNNs to predict the heat load. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Mean Percentage Error (MPE) are used as accuracy evaluation indexes. The experimental results demonstrate that the SD-DNNs model can accurately forecast the heat load.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"372 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2019.1607777","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44368230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2019.1653367
L. Bai, Liu Yang, B. Song
ABSTRACT In this paper, the impact of climate change on thermal climate zones was reported by using more recent weather data published by the China’s National Climate Center. The impact of these changes on current building energy standards was also investigated. To quantitatively analyse the potential impact of these changes on building energy consumption, building energy simulation techniques were used. This study has found that 27 of the 200 cities investigated in this analysis are assigned to new thermal climate zones, and most of these cities have shifted into a warmer climate zone. Three cities shift into uncategorized zone. According to the building energy standards for residential buildings, the maximum U-factor allowed for building envelope will increase and overall shading coefficient allowed for windows will decrease when the city is reassigned into a warmer zone. The simulation results show that it will generally have an adverse effect on building energy savings for residential buildings. The outcomes of this study reveal that current thermal climate zones cannot provide an adequate instruction for building energy efficiency and updating building energy standards, and thermal climate zones is necessary in future.
{"title":"The impact of climate change on thermal climate zones and residential energy efficiency designs during the past decades in China","authors":"L. Bai, Liu Yang, B. Song","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2019.1653367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2019.1653367","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, the impact of climate change on thermal climate zones was reported by using more recent weather data published by the China’s National Climate Center. The impact of these changes on current building energy standards was also investigated. To quantitatively analyse the potential impact of these changes on building energy consumption, building energy simulation techniques were used. This study has found that 27 of the 200 cities investigated in this analysis are assigned to new thermal climate zones, and most of these cities have shifted into a warmer climate zone. Three cities shift into uncategorized zone. According to the building energy standards for residential buildings, the maximum U-factor allowed for building envelope will increase and overall shading coefficient allowed for windows will decrease when the city is reassigned into a warmer zone. The simulation results show that it will generally have an adverse effect on building energy savings for residential buildings. The outcomes of this study reveal that current thermal climate zones cannot provide an adequate instruction for building energy efficiency and updating building energy standards, and thermal climate zones is necessary in future.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"389 - 402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2019.1653367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41690609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/17512549.2019.1588166
A. Floss, Michael Schaub
ABSTRACT This paper presents the electric energy self-sufficiency and the grid independence rate of a residential building equipped with a photovoltaic (PV) roof, as a function of battery capacity. Thermal energy self-sufficiency is enlarged by driving a heat pump (HP) with the electricity surplus of the PV system. The size of the thermal storage tank was varied from 0.3 up to 50 m3. Further on, the effect of using the building mass as a thermal storage was investigated. The considerations deal with theoretical investigations of the sizing of both electrical- and thermal storage systems in order to reduce the load on the supply grids under economic conditions. The investigation of storage capacities is based on thermal-energetic building and plant simulations. A new cost-benefit assessment for storage systems, which considers calendrical lifespan and charging cycles, is presented. The simulation results show that small to middle sized decentralized electrical and thermal storage are an economic way to keep the power grid stable during day cycle, while reducing CO2-emissions by using more renewable energies. Here the thermal mass of the building can also be used as a short-term storage. Running seasonal storage that guaranties 100% grid independence economical is almost impossible today.
{"title":"The sizing of energy storages or how valuable is the last step?","authors":"A. Floss, Michael Schaub","doi":"10.1080/17512549.2019.1588166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2019.1588166","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents the electric energy self-sufficiency and the grid independence rate of a residential building equipped with a photovoltaic (PV) roof, as a function of battery capacity. Thermal energy self-sufficiency is enlarged by driving a heat pump (HP) with the electricity surplus of the PV system. The size of the thermal storage tank was varied from 0.3 up to 50 m3. Further on, the effect of using the building mass as a thermal storage was investigated. The considerations deal with theoretical investigations of the sizing of both electrical- and thermal storage systems in order to reduce the load on the supply grids under economic conditions. The investigation of storage capacities is based on thermal-energetic building and plant simulations. A new cost-benefit assessment for storage systems, which considers calendrical lifespan and charging cycles, is presented. The simulation results show that small to middle sized decentralized electrical and thermal storage are an economic way to keep the power grid stable during day cycle, while reducing CO2-emissions by using more renewable energies. Here the thermal mass of the building can also be used as a short-term storage. Running seasonal storage that guaranties 100% grid independence economical is almost impossible today.","PeriodicalId":46184,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Building Energy Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"355 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17512549.2019.1588166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41983177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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