Journal of Housing for the Elderly最新文献

英文中文

Participation in Everyday Life Before and After a Housing Adaptation 住房改造前后的日常生活参与

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1451800

Björg Thordardottir, A. Fänge, C. Chiatti, Lisa Ekstam

ABSTRACT Housing adaptation aims to enable clients to live independently in their own homes. Studies focusing on participation in everyday life following a housing adaptation are lacking and needed. This study aimed to explore housing adaptation clients' experiences of participation in everyday life before and after a housing adaptation, through the lens of a housing adaptation, using a qualitative follow-up design, with 11 participants. It was found that when the housing adaptation met the participants' needs, performance of activities improved and the housing adaptation opened doors to engagement and participation in everyday life. Thus, focus on performance and engagement in everyday life at the onset of the housing adaptation process, combined with regular follow-ups, may enhance participation.

摘要住房改造旨在使客户能够在自己的家中独立生活。缺乏和需要对住房改造后的日常生活参与情况进行研究。本研究旨在通过住房适应的视角，采用定性随访设计，探索住房适应客户在住房适应前后参与日常生活的体验，共有11名参与者。研究发现，当住房改造满足参与者的需求时，活动表现会有所改善，住房改造为参与和参与日常生活打开了大门。因此，在住房适应过程开始时，关注表现和日常生活的参与度，再加上定期跟进，可能会提高参与度。

引用次数: 16

Unlocking Housing Equity for Pensions in Urban China 解锁中国城市养老住房权益

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1451797

Qiang Li, S. Chand

ABSTRACT This article examines the extent to which a reverse mortgage may improve the income of an elderly household. This question is analyzed in the context of an aging society where the existing Confucian contract of filial piety has been eroding with the advent of economic and demographic transitions underway in contemporary China. We use data from a China Household Finance Survey that was administered in 2011 covering 949 elderly households from 22 provinces. We use models from the literature to calculate the incremental gains to income from the use of a reverse mortgage. The findings are revealing in terms of the potential gains from the use of reverse mortgages. On average, an elderly homeowner makes a monthly mortgage payment of RMB ¥1,383; a reverse mortgage for the same household raises monthly income by RMB ¥1,388 or 29%. The major beneficiaries of a reverse mortgage are single and elderly individuals possessing significant housing equity and living in the more developed regions. Overall, the reverse mortgage provides a means for society to allow the elderly access to income without being a burden on the state.

本文考察了反向抵押贷款可以提高老年家庭收入的程度。这个问题是在一个老龄化社会的背景下分析的，在这个社会中，随着当代中国经济和人口转型的到来，现有的儒家孝道契约已经受到侵蚀。我们使用的数据来自2011年实施的中国家庭金融调查，涵盖了22个省份的949个老年家庭。我们使用文献中的模型来计算使用反向抵押贷款的增量收益。研究结果揭示了使用反向抵押贷款的潜在收益。老年房主平均每月还房贷1383元;同一家庭的反向抵押贷款每月可增加1388元人民币的收入，增幅为29%。反向抵押贷款的主要受益者是居住在较发达地区的拥有大量住房权益的单身和老年人。总的来说，反向抵押贷款为社会提供了一种手段，允许老年人获得收入，而不成为国家的负担。

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引用次数: 4

Housing Implications of Individual Budget Home Care Models for Older Renters: An Australian Case Study 个人预算家庭护理模式对老年租房者的住房影响:一个澳大利亚的案例研究

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1451798

V. Cornell

ABSTRACT Policies and programs relating to successful aging in place are premised on the fact that older people's housing is stable and suitable. Home-based aged care delivery models such as individual budgets aim to deliver increased service flexibility, choice, and control for consumers. Little attention has been paid to the consequences of such models for older renters, who often have less stable housing and restricted rights to modify their accommodation. This article reports on a project in Australia that explored the delivery and receipt of individual budget style models of home-based aged care services to older renters.

与老龄成功相关的政策和方案是建立在老年人住房稳定和适宜的基础上的。以家庭为基础的老年护理交付模式，如个人预算，旨在为消费者提供更多的服务灵活性、选择和控制。很少有人注意到这种模式对老年租房者的影响，他们的住房往往不太稳定，修改住房的权利也受到限制。本文报道了澳大利亚的一个项目，该项目探索了以家庭为基础的老年护理服务的个人预算模式的交付和接收。

引用次数: 8

The Mediating Effect of Resilience Between Social Support for Exercise and Resident Satisfaction in Assisted Living 心理弹性在运动社会支持与辅助生活居民满意度的中介作用

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1451796

Sarah D. Holmes, E. Galik, B. Resnick

ABSTRACT This study examined whether residents' level of resilience mediated the relationship between social support for exercise from staff and resident satisfaction in assisted living. This was a secondary data analysis using baseline data from a function-focused care intervention study including 171 residents from four assisted living facilities. Using structural equation modeling, we found that mood and social support for exercise from staff were the only variables associated with resilience. Mood, gender, cognition, and social support for exercise from staff directly influenced resident satisfaction and explained 31% of the variance in the model. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

摘要本研究考察了居民的恢复力水平是否介导了工作人员对锻炼的社会支持与居民辅助生活满意度之间的关系。这是一项二次数据分析，使用了一项以功能为重点的护理干预研究的基线数据，该研究包括来自四个辅助生活设施的171名居民。使用结构方程模型，我们发现员工对锻炼的情绪和社会支持是与恢复力相关的唯一变量。工作人员对锻炼的情绪、性别、认知和社会支持直接影响居民满意度，并解释了模型中31%的差异。讨论了对未来研究和实践的启示。

引用次数: 3

Food Waste and Quality of Life in Elderly Populations Living in Retirement Living Communities 养老社区老年人的食物浪费与生活质量

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1451801

Bruce McAdams, M. von Massow, Monica Gallant

ABSTRACT Food waste is an increasingly important issue in all food-service establishments, including retirement living communities. With residents of these communities having faced food insecurity as children and young adults, they have unique and very strong feelings regarding this issue. We interviewed 16 Canadian residents and used manifest content analysis to gain an understanding of how their experiences, behaviors, and feelings toward food waste may impact their quality of life. The results of this study may have implications for how retirement living communities approach their food-service operations.

摘要：在包括退休生活社区在内的所有餐饮服务机构中，食物浪费是一个越来越重要的问题。由于这些社区的居民在儿童和年轻人时期就面临着粮食不安全问题，他们对这个问题有着独特而强烈的感受。我们采访了16名加拿大居民，并使用明显的内容分析来了解他们对食物浪费的经历、行为和感受如何影响他们的生活质量。这项研究的结果可能会对退休生活社区如何处理其食品服务运营产生影响。

引用次数: 8

Testing of the Function Focused Environment Assessment and the Function Focused Policy Assessment in Assisted Living. 以功能为中心的环境评估和以功能为中心的政策评估在辅助生活中的测试。

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-04-25 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1534180

Barbara Resnick, Elizabeth Galik, Marie Boltz, Erin Vigne, Sarah Holmes, Steven Fix, Shijun Zhu, Regina Lewis

This study tested two new instruments, the Function Focused Environment Assessment (FF-EA) and the Function Focused Policy Assessment (FF-PA). The measures were developed for clinical evaluation of AL settings to help optimize function and physical activity among residents. A total of 106 AL settings and 242 residents were included. There was evidence of item reliability (0.92) and interrater reliability (kappa=0.40, p=.015; percent agreement 85%) of FF-EA and item reliability (0.89) and interrater reliability (kappa=0.48, p=.001, percent agreement 82%) of the FF-PA, and support for validity of both measures based on INFIT and OUTFIT statistics and hypothesis testing.

本研究测试了两种新工具，功能重点环境评估(FF-EA)和功能重点政策评估(FF-PA)。这些措施是为临床评估人工智能设置而开发的，以帮助优化居民的功能和身体活动。共纳入106家人工智能机构和242名居民。项目信度(0.92)和解释者信度(kappa=0.40, p= 0.015;项目信度(0.89)和内部信度(kappa=0.48, p=。001，百分之同意82%)的FF-PA，并支持基于INFIT和OUTFIT统计数据和假设检验的两种措施的有效性。

引用次数: 6

The Role of the Environment on Sedentary Behavior in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. 环境对社区居住老年人久坐行为的影响。

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-04-04 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1451799

Jennifer S Brach, Gustavo J Almeida, Subashan Perera, Andrea Hergenroeder, Mary Kotlarczyk, Bethany Barone Gibbs

Objectives: To compare amounts of sedentary behavior and physical activity in adults residing in planned group residential settings to those residing in private homes.

Methods: Thirty-one older adults who resided in planned group residential settings (n=13) and in private homes (n=18) participated. Daily activities were measured using the Sensewear Armband for 7 days. Estimates of the duration of daily activities performed across sedentary, light, and moderate-to-vigorous intensities were captured.

Results: Participants in planned group residential settings were older (age 85.9±3.5 vs 78.3±7.2; p=0.001) and spent more time in sedentary behaviors (12.7±1.5 vs 11.3±1.6; p=0.02) than participants in private homes. The difference was attenuated slightly after controlling for age and wear time (adjusted difference 1.2±0.6 hours, p=0.06).

Discussion: Adults residing in planned group residential settings, which provide supportive services, were more sedentary than adults residing in private homes. The environment in which older adults live may contribute to sedentary behavior.

目的:比较居住在计划集体住宅环境中的成年人与居住在私人住宅中的成年人的久坐行为和身体活动的数量。方法:31名老年人(n=13)和18名老年人(n=18)分别居住在计划的团体住宅环境中。使用Sensewear臂章测量7天的日常活动。记录了日常活动的持续时间，包括久坐、轻度和中度至剧烈的强度。结果:计划组居住环境的参与者年龄较大(85.9±3.5 vs 78.3±7.2;P =0.001)，久坐时间更长(12.7±1.5 vs 11.3±1.6;P =0.02)。在控制年龄和磨损时间后，差异略有减弱(调整差值1.2±0.6 h, p=0.06)。讨论:居住在提供支持性服务的有计划的团体住宅环境中的成年人比居住在私人住宅中的成年人更久坐。老年人的生活环境可能会导致久坐行为。

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引用次数: 4

Connections to Place in the Memorialization Practices of Older Adults and Their Families 老年人及其家庭的纪念活动与地点的联系

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2018-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1505456

K. Stott, J. Benson, Steffany Sloan, S. Murphy, Allison K. Halt

Abstract Research suggests that one way to encourage healthy aging is to construct one’s environment in a manner that helps maintain one’s identity. Specifically, studies in environmental gerontology posit that the construction of an identifying environment includes the process of claiming a “place” within the space that one resides. Place-making includes both the geographical location and moral ideals that one assigns to the location, and is established in studies of older adults. However, it is less clear how the idea of place-making extends beyond mortality for older adults and their families. The purpose of this study was to explore how personal connections and attachments to a specific location make the burial/memorialization location(s) a “place,” rather than simply a space. In this qualitative study, 12 individuals who had lost older family members were interviewed about their experiences of place-making in the memorialization of their loved ones. Analyses revealed that participants were attached to the places of memorialization because the locations maintained the identity of their loved ones. Additionally, participants also shared that the places of memorialization fostered feelings of the continued presence and connections with their loved ones. Practical implications and future directions for research are also discussed.

研究表明，鼓励健康老龄化的一种方法是构建一个有助于维持一个人的身份的环境。具体来说，环境老年学的研究认为，识别环境的构建包括在自己居住的空间中要求一个“位置”的过程。地点塑造包括地理位置和人们赋予该地点的道德理想，并在对老年人的研究中得到确立。然而，目前尚不清楚的是，在老年人及其家庭的死亡率之外，“营造场所”的概念是如何延伸的。本研究的目的是探索个人与特定地点的联系和依恋如何使埋葬/纪念地点成为一个“地方”，而不仅仅是一个空间。在这项定性研究中，研究人员采访了12位失去了年长家庭成员的人，询问他们在纪念亲人时的选址经历。分析显示，参与者对纪念地点有依恋，因为这些地点保持了他们所爱的人的身份。此外，参与者还分享说，纪念场所培养了他们与亲人继续存在和联系的感觉。讨论了研究的实际意义和未来发展方向。

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引用次数: 1

The Motivations and Consequences of Dying at Home: Family Caregiver Perspectives 在家死亡的动机和后果:家庭照顾者的观点

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2018-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1505460

J. Benson, Benyamin Schwarz, R. Tofle, D. Parker Oliver

Abstract Although ample research suggests that individuals prefer to die at home, the realities of a home death experience, from the perspective of family members, are not well understood. The following study addresses this gap in knowledge via a narrative analysis about the process of dying at home. Five family caregivers participated in semistructured interviews about their experiences witnessing and supporting the end-of-life process of an older family member who died at home. Their stories paint a vivid picture about the motivations and consequences of the experience, including themes such as caregivers’ immense feelings of uncertainty regarding their caregiving abilities and decision making, the significance of the home environment as a symbol of comfort and security, the influence of family and social networks, and “dying well” as a social justice issue. Overall, the caregivers’ narratives support the notion that being at home is considered an essential aspect of ”dying well.” However, the narratives also demonstrate that dying at home presents many challenges for family members, especially to those with limited resources and social support. Thus, the authors caution against viewing the home death as a proxy for a good death.

尽管大量的研究表明，个人更喜欢在家中死亡，但从家庭成员的角度来看，家中死亡体验的现实并没有得到很好的理解。以下研究通过对家中死亡过程的叙事分析来解决这一知识差距。五名家庭护理人员参加了半结构化访谈，讲述了他们目睹并支持一位在家中去世的年长家庭成员临终过程的经历。他们的故事生动地描绘了这种经历的动机和后果，包括照顾者对他们的照顾能力和决策的巨大不确定感，家庭环境作为舒适和安全的象征的重要性，家庭和社会网络的影响，以及“死得好”作为社会正义问题。总的来说，护理人员的叙述支持这样一种观点，即呆在家里被认为是“好死”的一个重要方面。然而，这些叙述也表明，在家中死亡给家庭成员带来了许多挑战，特别是对那些资源和社会支持有限的家庭成员。因此，作者警告说，不要把在家死亡看作是美好死亡的代表。

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引用次数: 11

The “Medicalized Death”: Dying in the Hospital “药物化死亡”：死于医院

Journal of Housing for the Elderly

Pub Date : 2018-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2018.1505462

Benyamin Schwarz, J. Benson

Abstract This article is part of a larger study dedicated to the place of death and dying. The focus of this article is on the “medicalized death” of older people who died in hospitals in Israel and the United States and is based on the experiences of four family members who cared for them at the end of their lives. In-depth interviews were conducted with each participant, and narrative analysis methods were utilized to identify themes in the data. In the findings section, participant accounts are presented as individual monologues, each followed by the authors’ theoretical commentary. Despite the fact that the process of dying in a hospital is often depicted in the media as being fraught with excessive and aggressive procedures, the cases described in this article suggest there is marked ambiguity and contradiction experienced by caregivers and patients regarding the hospital setting for the process of dying. In some cases, the hospital was perceived as a preferred place for dying because it often reduced caregiver strain. However, participants also remarked on many undesirable aspects about hospital deaths, including dying in the company of strangers; the lack of empathy from physicians; existential dilemmas about the withdrawal of treatment; and several more.

这篇文章是一项更大的研究的一部分，专门研究死亡和死亡的地方。本文的重点是以色列和美国在医院死亡的老年人的"医疗化死亡"，并以四位在他们生命结束时照顾他们的家庭成员的经历为基础。对每位参与者进行深入访谈，并利用叙事分析方法确定数据中的主题。在调查结果部分，参与者的叙述以个人独白的形式呈现，每个人都有作者的理论评论。尽管在医院的死亡过程经常被媒体描述为充满了过度和侵略性的程序，但本文中描述的案例表明，护理人员和患者在死亡过程的医院环境中经历了明显的模糊和矛盾。在某些情况下，医院被视为死亡的首选场所，因为它通常可以减轻护理人员的压力。然而，与会者也谈到了医院死亡的许多不良方面，包括在陌生人的陪伴下死亡;医生缺乏同理心;关于停止治疗的生存困境;还有更多。

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