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Transfusion thresholds: the need for a patient-centered approach in hematologic disorders that require chronic transfusion therapy. 输血阈值:需要以患者为中心的方法在血液疾病,需要慢性输血治疗。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2023009
Han Joo Kim, Sang-Hyun Hwang, Heung-Bum Oh, Dae-Hyun Ko

Transfusion is an essential life-sustaining treatment for many patients. However, unnecessary transfusion has been reported to be related to worse patient outcomes. Further, owing to the recent pandemic, blood supply has been more challenging to maintain. Many studies have been conducted to elucidate the optimal transfusion threshold for many clinical conditions, and most suggested that a restrictive transfusion strategy has advantages over a liberal transfusion strategy. Hematologic disorders, which require chronic transfusion in many cases, have not been the main subjects of such studies, and only little evidence is available regarding the optimal transfusion threshold in these patients. According to several recent studies, a liberal transfusion strategy is preferable for patients with hematologic disorders due to their quality of life. A patient-centered approach is needed for proper management of hematologic disorders.

输血是许多病人维持生命的基本治疗方法。然而,据报道,不必要的输血与患者预后较差有关。此外,由于最近的大流行,维持血液供应更具挑战性。已经进行了许多研究来阐明许多临床条件下的最佳输血阈值,并且大多数研究表明限制性输血策略比自由输血策略具有优势。在许多情况下需要长期输血的血液病并不是这类研究的主要对象,关于这些患者的最佳输血阈值只有很少的证据。根据最近的几项研究,由于血液疾病患者的生活质量,自由输血策略是可取的。以患者为中心的方法是正确管理血液系统疾病所必需的。
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引用次数: 0
Lupus anticoagulant hypoprothrombinemia syndrome - could it be a sequelae of COVID-19? 狼疮抗凝血凝血素低原综合征——可能是COVID-19的后遗症吗?
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2022200
Nusa Matijasic Stjepovic, Izabela Kranjcec, Alenka Gagro, Gordana Jakovljevic
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of laboratory diagnostic tests for light-chain clonality and bone marrow findings in AL amyloidosis. AL淀粉样变性轻链克隆和骨髓检查的实验室诊断试验评价。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2022232
Taegeun Lee, Chan-Jeoung Park, Miyoung Kim, Young-Uk Cho, Seongsoo Jang, Sang-Hyun Hwang, Jung-Hee Lee, Dok Hyun Yoon

Background: Light-chain amyloidosis (AL) is the most common form of systemic amyloidosis. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of laboratory tests for light-chain clonality and bone marrow (BM) findings in AL amyloidosis.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients newly diagnosed with AL amyloidosis on pathological examination who underwent a BM biopsy. Laboratory test data for light-chain clonality were collected and compared. Amyloid deposits were identified with H&E, Congo red, and PAS stains.

Results: We reviewed 98 patients with AL amyloidosis. Light chain clonality (λ, 64 cases; κ, 34 cases) was detected by serum immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) (63.3%), urine IFE (70.8%), serum protein electrophoresis (PEP) (44.9%), urine PEP (44.8%), serum free light chain (SFLC) ratio (79.5%), and BM immunohistochemistry (IHC) (85.7%). Flow cytometric (FCM) assay identified aberrant BM plasma cells in 92.9% of cases. BM amyloid deposits were identified in 35 of the 98 cases (35.7%); 71.4% (25/35) were Congo red-positive, and 100.0% (35/35) were PAS-positive.

Conclusion: Laboratory tests for detecting light-chain clonality in AL amyloidosis in order of sensitivity include FCM assay for aberrant plasma cells, IHC for light chains on BM biopsy or clot section, SFLC ratio, and serum and urine IFE. Congo red staining of BM samples remains an important tool for identifying amyloid deposits in BM. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining can be useful in diagnosing some cases of Congo red-negative amyloidosis.

背景:轻链淀粉样变性(AL)是最常见的系统性淀粉样变性。本研究旨在评估实验室检测AL淀粉样变性患者轻链克隆和骨髓(BM)结果的有效性。方法:我们回顾性地招募了病理检查新诊断为AL淀粉样变的患者,并进行了BM活检。收集并比较了轻链克隆的实验室检测数据。用H&E、刚果红和PAS染色发现淀粉样蛋白沉积。结果:我们回顾了98例AL淀粉样变患者。轻链克隆(λ, 64例;血清免疫固定电泳(IFE)(63.3%)、尿IFE(70.8%)、血清蛋白电泳(PEP)(44.9%)、尿PEP(44.8%)、血清游离轻链(SFLC)比率(79.5%)、骨髓免疫组化(IHC)(85.7%)检测κ(34例)。流式细胞术(FCM)检测发现92.9%的患者骨髓浆细胞异常。98例中有35例(35.7%)发现BM淀粉样蛋白沉积;71.4%(25/35)为刚果红阳性,100.0%(35/35)为pas阳性。结论:检测AL淀粉样变性轻链克隆的实验室检测方法按敏感性排序包括:异常浆细胞的流式细胞仪检测、BM活检或凝块切片轻链的免疫组化检测、SFLC比率、血清和尿液IFE。刚果红染色的BM样品仍然是一个重要的工具,以确定淀粉样蛋白沉积的BM。周期性酸希夫(PAS)染色可用于诊断一些刚果红阴性淀粉样变性病例。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of COVID-19 on acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a concise review. COVID-19对异基因干细胞移植急性髓系白血病患者影响的简要综述
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2022144
Reham Osama Mansour, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, May Denewer

This study aimed to delineate the possible impact of COVID-19 on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients in terms of diagnosis, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant, and vaccination response. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is markedly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, as both donors and recipients must be healthy for transplantation to be feasible and successful. Delays in the identification of well-matched donors have been predicted, and represent a special challenge. Therefore, future donors should be tested for COVID-19. The outcome of delayed transplantation is vague and masked by variations in stem cell source along with disease subtype. However, if transplant delay results in recurrence of minimal residual disease, a negative impact on survival is anticipated.

本研究旨在从诊断、化疗、骨髓移植和疫苗接种反应等方面描述COVID-19对急性髓性白血病(AML)患者可能产生的影响。同种异体干细胞移植受到COVID-19大流行的显著影响,因为供体和受体都必须健康,才能使移植可行和成功。已经预测到在确定匹配良好的捐助者方面会出现延误,这是一项特殊的挑战。因此,未来的捐助者应接受COVID-19检测。延迟移植的结果是模糊的,并被干细胞来源和疾病亚型的变化所掩盖。然而,如果移植延迟导致最小残留疾病的复发,预计会对生存产生负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Validating lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as a component of the PLASMIC predictive tool (PLASMIC-LDH). 验证乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)作为PLASMIC预测工具(PLASMIC-LDH)的一个组成部分。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2022133
Christopher Chin Keong Liam, Jim Yu-Hsiang Tiao, Yee Yee Yap, Yi Lin Lee, Jameela Sathar, Simon McRae, Amanda Davis, Jennifer Curnow, Robert Bird, Philip Choi, Pantep Angchaisuksiri, Sim Leng Tien, Joyce Ching Mei Lam, Doyeun Oh, Jin Seok Kim, Sung-Soo Yoon, Raymond Siu-Ming Wong, Carolyn Lauren, Eileen Grace Merriman, Anoop Enjeti, Mark Smith, Ross Ian Baker

Background: The PLASMIC score is a convenient tool for predicting ADAMTS13 activity of <10%. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is widely used as a marker of haemolysis in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) monitoring, and could be used as a replacement marker for lysis. We aimed to validate the PLASMIC score in a multi-centre Asia Pacific region, and to explore whether LDH could be used as a replacement marker for lysis.

Methods: Records of patients with thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) were reviewed. Patients' ADAMTS13 activity levels were obtained, along with clinical/laboratory findings relevant to the PLASMIC score. Both PLASMIC scores and PLASMIC-LDH scores, in which LDH replaced traditional lysis markers, were calculated. We generated a receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve and compared the area under the curve values (AUC) to determine the predictive ability of each score.

Results: 46 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of which 34 had ADAMTS13 activity levels of <10%. When the patients were divided into intermediate-to-high risk (scores 5‒7) and low risk (scores 0‒4), the PLASMIC score showed a sensitivity of 97.1% and specificity of 58.3%, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 86.8% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 87.5%. The PLASMIC-LDH score had a sensitivity of 97.1% and specificity of 33.3%, with a PPV of 80.5% and NPV of 80.0%.

Conclusion: Our study validated the utility of the PLASMIC score, and demonstrated PLASMIC-LDH as a reasonable alternative in the absence of traditional lysis markers, to help identify high-risk patients for treatment via plasma exchange.

背景:PLASMIC评分是预测血栓性微血管病(TMA)患者ADAMTS13活性的便捷工具。获得患者ADAMTS13活动水平,以及与PLASMIC评分相关的临床/实验室结果。计算了PLASMIC评分和PLASMIC-LDH评分,其中LDH取代了传统的裂解标记。我们生成了一个接收者算子特征(ROC)曲线,并比较曲线下的面积值(AUC),以确定每个分数的预测能力。结果:46例患者符合纳入标准,其中34例达到ADAMTS13活性水平。结论:我们的研究验证了PLASMIC评分的实用性,并证明了PLASMIC- ldh在缺乏传统溶解标志物的情况下是一种合理的替代方法,有助于识别通过血浆置换治疗的高危患者。
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引用次数: 1
Acquired von willebrand syndrome in patients with philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm. 费城阴性骨髓增生性肿瘤患者的获得性血管性血友病。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2022218
Ik-Chan Song, Sora Kang, Myung-Won Lee, Hyewon Ryu, Hyo-Jin Lee, Hwan-Jung Yun, Deog-Yeon Jo

Background: Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) has not been investigated in Korean patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm.

Methods: This study analyzed the prevalence at diagnosis and clinical features of AVWS in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), prefibrotic/early primary myelofibrosis (pre-PMF), or overt PMF (PMF) diagnosed between January 2019 and December 2021 at Chungam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea. AVWS was defined as below the lower reference limit (56%) of ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo).

Results: Sixty-four consecutive patients (36 with ET, 17 with PV, 6 with pre-PMF, and 5 with PMF; 30 men and 34 women) with a median age of 67 years (range, 18‒87 yr) were followed for a median of 25.1 months (range, 2.6‒46.4 mo). AVWS was detected in 20 (31.3%) patients at diagnosis and was most frequent in ET patients (41.4%), followed by patients with pre-PMF (33.3%) and PV (17.6%) patients. VWF:RCo was negatively correlated with the platelet count (r=0.937; P=0.002). Only one episode of minor bleeding occurred in a patient with ET and AVWS. Younger age (<50 yr) [odds ratio (OR), 7.08; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27‒39.48; P=0.026] and thrombocytosis (>600×109/L) (OR, 13.70; 95% CI, 1.35‒138.17; P=0.026) were independent risk factors for developing AVWS.

Conclusion: AVWS based on VWF:RCo was common in patients with ET and pre-PMF, but less common in patients with PV in the Korean population. Clinically significant bleeding is rare in these patients.

背景:获得性血管性血友病(AVWS)尚未在韩国费城染色体阴性骨髓增生性肿瘤患者中进行研究。方法:本研究分析了2019年1月至2021年12月在韩国大田忠南国立大学医院诊断的原发性血小板增多症(ET)、真性红细胞增多症(PV)、纤维化前/早期原发性骨髓纤维化(pre-PMF)或显性PMF (PMF)患者中AVWS的诊断和临床特征。AVWS定义为低于瑞斯托司汀辅助因子活性(VWF:RCo)的下限(56%)。结果:64例连续患者(ET 36例,PV 17例,PMF前期6例,PMF 5例;30名男性和34名女性),中位年龄为67岁(范围18-87岁),中位随访25.1个月(范围2.6-46.4个月)。诊断时有20例(31.3%)患者检测到AVWS,最常见于ET患者(41.4%),其次是pmf前患者(33.3%)和PV患者(17.6%)。VWF:RCo与血小板计数呈负相关(r=0.937;P = 0.002)。在ET和AVWS患者中仅发生一次小出血。年龄较小(P=0.026)和血小板增多(>600×109/L) (OR, 13.70;95% ci, 1.35-138.17;P=0.026)是发生AVWS的独立危险因素。结论:在韩国人群中,基于VWF:RCo的AVWS在ET和pmf前期患者中常见,但在PV患者中较少见。临床上明显的出血在这些患者中是罕见的。
{"title":"Acquired von willebrand syndrome in patients with philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm.","authors":"Ik-Chan Song,&nbsp;Sora Kang,&nbsp;Myung-Won Lee,&nbsp;Hyewon Ryu,&nbsp;Hyo-Jin Lee,&nbsp;Hwan-Jung Yun,&nbsp;Deog-Yeon Jo","doi":"10.5045/br.2023.2022218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/br.2023.2022218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) has not been investigated in Korean patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed the prevalence at diagnosis and clinical features of AVWS in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), prefibrotic/early primary myelofibrosis (pre-PMF), or overt PMF (PMF) diagnosed between January 2019 and December 2021 at Chungam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea. AVWS was defined as below the lower reference limit (56%) of ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-four consecutive patients (36 with ET, 17 with PV, 6 with pre-PMF, and 5 with PMF; 30 men and 34 women) with a median age of 67 years (range, 18‒87 yr) were followed for a median of 25.1 months (range, 2.6‒46.4 mo). AVWS was detected in 20 (31.3%) patients at diagnosis and was most frequent in ET patients (41.4%), followed by patients with pre-PMF (33.3%) and PV (17.6%) patients. VWF:RCo was negatively correlated with the platelet count (r=0.937; <i>P</i>=0.002). Only one episode of minor bleeding occurred in a patient with ET and AVWS. Younger age (<50 yr) [odds ratio (OR), 7.08; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27‒39.48; <i>P</i>=0.026] and thrombocytosis (>600×10<sup>9</sup>/L) (OR, 13.70; 95% CI, 1.35‒138.17; <i>P</i>=0.026) were independent risk factors for developing AVWS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AVWS based on VWF:RCo was common in patients with ET and pre-PMF, but less common in patients with PV in the Korean population. Clinically significant bleeding is rare in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9f/cf/br-58-1-42.PMC10063591.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9581904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of ABO blood group antigens on residual factor VIII levels and risk of inhibitor development in hemophilia A. ABO血型抗原对血友病A患者残留因子VIII水平及抑制剂发展风险的影响
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2022197
Debadrita Ray, Narender Kumar, Chander Hans, Anita Kler, Richa Jain, Deepak Bansal, Amita Trehan, Arihant Jain, Pankaj Malhotra, Jasmina Ahluwalia

Background: The clinical phenotype of hemophilia A (HA) does not always correlate with severity. Similarly, the presence of inhibitors does not necessarily increase the risk of bleeding. This paradox between clinical and laboratory findings may be partially attributed to non-modifiable factors, such as blood group, which is known to influence FVIII levels in healthy individuals. Our aim was to assess the effect of ABO blood group antigens on FVIII levels across the severity spectrum of HA and risk of inhibitor development.

Methods: Data of consecutive patients with HA who visited the coagulation unit of a northern Indian tertiary care hospital between 2010‒2021 were reviewed. Patients with missing blood group data, transfusion histories, or baseline FVIII levels were excluded.

Results: Mild, moderate, and severe HA was present in 41 (6.9%), 72 (12.2%), and 479 (80.9%) patients, respectively. There were no differences in the FVIII levels among the various blood groups across the HA severity spectrum. Inhibitors were administered to 35 patients (5.9%). In the multivariate analysis, blood group A was an independent risk factor for the development of inhibitors (adjusted odds ratio 2.70, P=0.04) after adjusting for age at onset of bleeding, FVIII transfusion, age at first FVIII transfusion, and severity of HA.

Conclusion: Unlike what is observed in healthy individuals, blood group did not influence residual FVIII levels across the severity spectrum of HA. Patients in group A had a higher risk of developing inhibitors.

背景:血友病A (HA)的临床表型并不总是与严重程度相关。同样,抑制剂的存在并不一定会增加出血的风险。临床和实验室结果之间的矛盾可能部分归因于不可改变的因素,如血型,已知会影响健康个体的FVIII水平。我们的目的是评估ABO血型抗原对HA严重程度范围内FVIII水平和抑制剂发展风险的影响。方法:回顾2010-2021年间在印度北部三级医院凝血病房连续就诊的HA患者的资料。排除了血型数据、输血史或基线FVIII水平缺失的患者。结果:轻度、中度和重度HA患者分别为41例(6.9%)、72例(12.2%)和479例(80.9%)。在HA严重程度的不同血型中,FVIII水平没有差异。35例患者(5.9%)使用抑制剂。在多因素分析中,在调整出血年龄、FVIII输血年龄、首次FVIII输血年龄和HA严重程度后,A血型是抑制剂发生的独立危险因素(校正优势比2.70,P=0.04)。结论:不同于在健康个体中观察到的情况,血型不影响HA严重程度谱上的残留FVIII水平。A组患者出现抑制剂的风险更高。
{"title":"Impact of ABO blood group antigens on residual factor VIII levels and risk of inhibitor development in hemophilia A.","authors":"Debadrita Ray,&nbsp;Narender Kumar,&nbsp;Chander Hans,&nbsp;Anita Kler,&nbsp;Richa Jain,&nbsp;Deepak Bansal,&nbsp;Amita Trehan,&nbsp;Arihant Jain,&nbsp;Pankaj Malhotra,&nbsp;Jasmina Ahluwalia","doi":"10.5045/br.2023.2022197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/br.2023.2022197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The clinical phenotype of hemophilia A (HA) does not always correlate with severity. Similarly, the presence of inhibitors does not necessarily increase the risk of bleeding. This paradox between clinical and laboratory findings may be partially attributed to non-modifiable factors, such as blood group, which is known to influence FVIII levels in healthy individuals. Our aim was to assess the effect of ABO blood group antigens on FVIII levels across the severity spectrum of HA and risk of inhibitor development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of consecutive patients with HA who visited the coagulation unit of a northern Indian tertiary care hospital between 2010‒2021 were reviewed. Patients with missing blood group data, transfusion histories, or baseline FVIII levels were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mild, moderate, and severe HA was present in 41 (6.9%), 72 (12.2%), and 479 (80.9%) patients, respectively. There were no differences in the FVIII levels among the various blood groups across the HA severity spectrum. Inhibitors were administered to 35 patients (5.9%). In the multivariate analysis, blood group A was an independent risk factor for the development of inhibitors (adjusted odds ratio 2.70, <i>P</i>=0.04) after adjusting for age at onset of bleeding, FVIII transfusion, age at first FVIII transfusion, and severity of HA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Unlike what is observed in healthy individuals, blood group did not influence residual FVIII levels across the severity spectrum of HA. Patients in group A had a higher risk of developing inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fe/69/br-58-1-61.PMC10063595.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9222170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diagnostic approach and use of CTPA in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism in an emergency department in Saudi Arabia. 沙特阿拉伯急诊科疑似肺栓塞患者CTPA的诊断方法和应用
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2023007
Feras Almarshad, Ali Alaklabi, Abdulrahman Al Raizah, Yousof AlZahrani, Somaya Awad Aljohani, Rawaby Khalid AlShammari, Al-Zahraa Saleh Al-Mahlawi, Abdulaziz Abdullah Alahmary, Mosaad Almegren, Dushad Ram

Background: In patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE), the literature suggests the overuse of computerized tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and underuse of clinical decision rules before imaging request. This study determined the potential for avoidable CTPA using the modified Wells score (mWS) and D-dimer assay in patients with suspected PE.

Methods: This hospital-based retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 661 consecutive patients with suspected PE who underwent CTPA in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital for the use of a clinical prediction rule (mWS) and D-dimer assay. The score was calculated retrospectively from the available data in the files of patients who did not have a documented clinical prediction rule. Overuse (avoidable) CTPA was defined as D-dimer negativity and PE unlikely for this study.

Results: Of 661 patients' data examined, clinical prediction rules were documented in 15 (2.3%). In total, 422 patients (63.8%) had required information on modified Wells criteria and D-dimer assays and were included for further analysis. PE on CTPA was present in 22 (5.21%) of PE unlikely (mWS ≤4) and 1 (0.24%) of D-dimer negative patients. Thirty patients (7.11%) met the avoidable CTPA (DD negative+PE unlikely) criteria, and it was significantly associated with dyspnea. The value of sensitivity of avoidable CTPA was 100%, whereas the positive predictive value was 90.3%.

Conclusion: Underutilization of clinical prediction rules before prescribing CTPA is common in emergency departments. Therefore, a mandatory policy should be implemented regarding the evaluation of avoidable CTPA imaging to reduce CTPA overuse.

背景:在疑似肺栓塞(PE)的患者中,文献提示过度使用计算机断层肺血管造影(CTPA),而在影像学要求前未充分使用临床决策规则。本研究利用改良的Wells评分(mWS)和d -二聚体测定法确定了疑似PE患者可避免CTPA的可能性。方法:采用临床预测规则(mWS)和d -二聚体分析法,对某三级医院急诊科661例连续行CTPA的疑似PE患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。该评分是根据没有临床预测规则的患者档案中的可用数据进行回顾性计算的。过度使用(可避免的)CTPA被定义为d -二聚体阴性,本研究不太可能发生PE。结果:在661例患者资料中,15例(2.3%)有临床预测规则。总共有422名患者(63.8%)需要修改Wells标准和d -二聚体测定的信息,并被纳入进一步分析。在PE不太可能(mWS≤4)的患者中有22例(5.21%)存在CTPA上的PE, d -二聚体阴性患者中有1例(0.24%)存在CTPA上的PE。30例患者(7.11%)符合可避免的CTPA (DD阴性+PE不太可能)标准,且与呼吸困难显著相关。可避免CTPA的敏感性为100%,阳性预测值为90.3%。结论:急诊科在开CTPA处方前未充分利用临床预测规则的情况普遍存在。因此,对于可避免的CTPA成像的评估,应实施强制性政策,以减少CTPA的过度使用。
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引用次数: 0
Abnormal expression of H-Ras induces S-phase arrest and mitotic catastrophe in human T-lymphocyte leukemia. H-Ras的异常表达可诱导人t淋巴细胞白血病的s期阻滞和有丝分裂突变。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2022143
Jorge A Zamora-Domínguez, Irma Olarte-Carrillo, Rubén Ruiz-Ramos, Christian Ramos-Peñafiel, Luis A Jiménez-Zamudio, Ethel A García-Latorre, Federico Cruz Centeno, Adolfo Martínez-Tovar

Background: Leukemia is a neoplasm with high incidence and mortality rates. Mitotic death has been observed in tumor cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents. Ras family proteins participate in the transduction of signals involved in different processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and paradoxically, initiation of cell death.

Methods: This study investigated the effect of H-Ras expression on human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT-4 cells. Cells were electroporated with either wild-type (Raswt) or oncogenic mutant in codon 12 exon 1 (Rasmut) versions of H-Ras gene and stained for morphological analysis. Cell viability was assessed using trypan blue staining and cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry. H-Ras gene expression was determined using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The t, ANOVA, and Scheffe tests were used for statistical analysis.

Results: Human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT-4 cells showed nuclear fragmentation and presence of multiple nuclei and micronuclei after transfection with either wt or mutant H-Ras genes. Cell cycle analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in cells in the S phase when transfected with either wt (83.67%, P<0.0005) or mutated (81.79%, P<0.0001) H-Ras genes. Although similar effects for both versions of H-Ras were found, cells transfected with the mutated version died at 120 h of mitotic catastrophe.

Conclusion: Transfection of human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT-4 cells with either normal or mutated H-Ras genes induced alterations in morphology, arrest in the S phase, and death by mitotic catastrophe.

背景:白血病是一种发病率高、死亡率高的肿瘤。在化疗药物治疗的肿瘤细胞中观察到有丝分裂死亡。Ras家族蛋白参与不同过程的信号转导,如增殖、分化、存活,以及细胞死亡的起始。方法:研究H-Ras表达对人t细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病MOLT-4细胞的影响。用H-Ras基因密码子12外显子1 (Rasmut)的野生型(Raswt)或致癌突变型(Rasmut)电穿孔细胞并染色进行形态学分析。用台盼蓝染色评估细胞活力,用流式细胞术分析细胞周期。实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测H-Ras基因表达。采用t检验、ANOVA检验和Scheffe检验进行统计分析。结果:人t细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病MOLT-4细胞在转染wt或突变型H-Ras基因后出现核断裂、多核和微核。细胞周期分析显示,转染wt(83.67%)和PPH-Ras基因后,S期细胞数量显著增加。虽然发现两种版本的h - ras具有相似的作用,但转染突变版本的细胞在有丝分裂灾难发生120小时后死亡。结论:转染H-Ras基因正常或突变的人t细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病MOLT-4细胞可引起形态学改变、S期阻滞和有丝分裂突变死亡。
{"title":"Abnormal expression of <i>H-Ras</i> induces S-phase arrest and mitotic catastrophe in human T-lymphocyte leukemia.","authors":"Jorge A Zamora-Domínguez,&nbsp;Irma Olarte-Carrillo,&nbsp;Rubén Ruiz-Ramos,&nbsp;Christian Ramos-Peñafiel,&nbsp;Luis A Jiménez-Zamudio,&nbsp;Ethel A García-Latorre,&nbsp;Federico Cruz Centeno,&nbsp;Adolfo Martínez-Tovar","doi":"10.5045/br.2023.2022143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5045/br.2023.2022143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leukemia is a neoplasm with high incidence and mortality rates. Mitotic death has been observed in tumor cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents. Ras family proteins participate in the transduction of signals involved in different processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and paradoxically, initiation of cell death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated the effect of <i>H-Ras</i> expression on human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT-4 cells. Cells were electroporated with either wild-type (Ras<sup>wt</sup>) or oncogenic mutant in codon 12 exon 1 (Ras<sup>mut</sup>) versions of <i>H-Ras</i> gene and stained for morphological analysis. Cell viability was assessed using trypan blue staining and cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry. <i>H-Ras</i> gene expression was determined using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The <i>t</i>, ANOVA, and Scheffe tests were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT-4 cells showed nuclear fragmentation and presence of multiple nuclei and micronuclei after transfection with either wt or mutant <i>H-Ras</i> genes. Cell cycle analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in cells in the S phase when transfected with either wt (83.67%, <i>P</i><0.0005) or mutated (81.79%, <i>P</i><0.0001) <i>H-Ras</i> genes. Although similar effects for both versions of <i>H-Ras</i> were found, cells transfected with the mutated version died at 120 h of mitotic catastrophe.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transfection of human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT-4 cells with either normal or mutated <i>H-Ras</i> genes induced alterations in morphology, arrest in the S phase, and death by mitotic catastrophe.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7e/26/br-58-1-20.PMC10063590.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9581888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CD5+ follicular lymphoma rapidly transformed to high-grade B-cell lymphoma with double-hit: from BCL2 to MYC disruption. CD5+滤泡性淋巴瘤迅速转化为高级别b细胞淋巴瘤,双重打击:从BCL2到MYC破坏。
IF 2.2 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2023039
Eva Soler-Espejo, Javier Marco-Ayala, Tzu-Hua Chen-Liang, María José López-Poveda, Raúl Teruel-Montoya, Francisco José Ortuño
REFERENCES 1. Rapaport SI, Ames SB, Duvall BJ. A plasma coagulation defect in systemic lupus erythematosus arising from hypoprothrombinemia combined with antiprothrombinase activity. Blood 1960;15: 212-27. 2. Kim JS, Kim MJ, Bae EY, Jeong DC. Pulmonary hemorrhage in pediatric lupus anticoagulant hypoprothrombinemia syndrome. Korean J Pediatr 2014;57:202-5. 3. Mazodier K, Arnaud L, Mathian A, et al. Lupus anticoagulanthypoprothrombinemia syndrome: report of 8 cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2012;91:251-60. 4. Komvilaisak P, Wisanuyotin S, Jettrisuparb A, Wiangnon S. Lupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome (LAC-HPS) in children with systemic lupus erythematosus: report of 3 cases. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2017;39:e521-4. 5. Yacobovich JR, Uziel Y, Friedman Z, Radnay J, Wolach B. Diffuse muscular haemorrhage as presenting sign of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus anticoagulant hypoprothrombinaemia syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001;40:585-7. 6. Sakamoto A, Ogura M, Hattori A, et al. Lupus anticoagulant hypoprothrombinemia syndrome associated with bilateral adrenal haemorrhage in a child: early diagnosis and intervention. Thromb J 2021;19:19. 7. Jaeger U, Kapiotis S, Pabinger I, Puchhammer E, Kyrle PA, Lechner K. Transient lupus anticoagulant associated with hypoprothrombinemia and factor XII deficiency following adenovirus infection. Ann Hematol 1993;67:95-9. 8. Appert-Flory A, Fischer F, Amiral J, Monpoux F. Lupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome (HLAS): report of one case in a familial infectious context. Thromb Res 2010; 126:e139-40. 9. Schmugge M, Tölle S, Marbet GA, Laroche P, Meili EO. Gingival bleeding, epistaxis and haematoma three days after gastroenteritis: the haemorrhagic lupus anticoagulant syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 2001;160:43-6. 10. Baca V, Montiel G, Meillón L, et al. Diagnosis of lupus anticoagulant in the lupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome: report of two cases and review of the literature. Am J Hematol 2002;71:200-7. 11. Bajaj SP, Rapaport SI, Fierer DS, Herbst KD, Schwartz DB. A mechanism for the hypoprothrombinemia of the acquired hypoprothrombinemia-lupus anticoagulant syndrome. Blood 1983; 61:684-92. 12. Becton DL, Stine KC. Transient lupus anticoagulants associated with hemorrhage rather than thrombosis: the hemorrhagic lupus anticoagulant syndrome. J Pediatr 1997;130:998-1000. 13. Bowles L, Platton S, Yartey N, et al. Lupus anticoagulant and abnormal coagulation tests in patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2020;383:288-90. CD5+ follicular lymphoma rapidly transformed to high-grade B-cell lymphoma with double-hit: from BCL2 to MYC disruption
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Blood Research
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