Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad026
Helena Wray, Katharine Charsley, Gizem Kolbaşı-Muyan, Lothar Smith
This introduction to the Special Issue on Family Migration in Times of Crisis explains why the concept of crisis is a useful prism to uncover new insights into family migration. It recognizes the multivalent character of crises and their tendency to merge and accumulate into what has been called ‘polycrisis’. It recognises critical perspectives on the concept of ‘crisis’, that it represents interpretations of events rather than events themselves and that crises are socially constructed and narrated. Crises present new risks and challenges for migrants and their families. The intersection of the temporalities of crisis with those of family migration can exacerbate periods of separation as well as stress and anxiety about how the family can reunify. The papers in this Special Issue, although they focus on diverse crises and use different approaches and methodologies, reveal some common themes. Crises ‘cascade’ and their impact are often greatest on more marginalized populations. They tend to expose and exacerbate existing inequalities, throwing them into sharper relief. Governments often respond to crises by reverting to more conventional norms of family life. The fragility of transnational life and its dependence on government approval are highlighted, as even the relatively privileged may find rights of movement are curtailed, although they may also more easily find solutions. Migrants and their families respond to crises by seeking to mitigate or avoid separation, and new associations, political contestations, and acts of solidarity may emerge, although their durability, given that interests can diverge over time and crises subside, is unclear.
{"title":"Introduction to Special Issue: Family Migration in Times of Crisis","authors":"Helena Wray, Katharine Charsley, Gizem Kolbaşı-Muyan, Lothar Smith","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad026","url":null,"abstract":"This introduction to the Special Issue on Family Migration in Times of Crisis explains why the concept of crisis is a useful prism to uncover new insights into family migration. It recognizes the multivalent character of crises and their tendency to merge and accumulate into what has been called ‘polycrisis’. It recognises critical perspectives on the concept of ‘crisis’, that it represents interpretations of events rather than events themselves and that crises are socially constructed and narrated. Crises present new risks and challenges for migrants and their families. The intersection of the temporalities of crisis with those of family migration can exacerbate periods of separation as well as stress and anxiety about how the family can reunify. The papers in this Special Issue, although they focus on diverse crises and use different approaches and methodologies, reveal some common themes. Crises ‘cascade’ and their impact are often greatest on more marginalized populations. They tend to expose and exacerbate existing inequalities, throwing them into sharper relief. Governments often respond to crises by reverting to more conventional norms of family life. The fragility of transnational life and its dependence on government approval are highlighted, as even the relatively privileged may find rights of movement are curtailed, although they may also more easily find solutions. Migrants and their families respond to crises by seeking to mitigate or avoid separation, and new associations, political contestations, and acts of solidarity may emerge, although their durability, given that interests can diverge over time and crises subside, is unclear.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135581590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad025
Jesús García-Gómez, Alberto Del Rey, Mikolaj Stanek
Abstract We study the fertility patterns of first, 1.5, and second-generation immigrants in Spain, analysing a database linking the 2012–15 birth registers to the 2011 census. While first-generation Latin American immigrants have a lower fertility level than the native population, the 1.5 generation arriving between the ages of 9 and 17 years have a higher level. Both the 1.5 generation arriving younger than 9 years and the second generation closely follow the native population’s fertility level. The first and 1.5 generations of Maghrebi immigrants have a much higher fertility level than the native population, and the second generation maintains a slightly higher level. The impact that age, labour market participation, and educational attainment have on the second generation’s level is closer to the Spanish population than among the first generation. Selection and disruption hypotheses help to explain the fertility of Latin American immigrants, while socialization and interrelation of events hypotheses do so for Maghrebi immigrants.
{"title":"Fertility of immigrants and their descendants in Spain: intergenerational convergence to the native population’s behaviour?","authors":"Jesús García-Gómez, Alberto Del Rey, Mikolaj Stanek","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We study the fertility patterns of first, 1.5, and second-generation immigrants in Spain, analysing a database linking the 2012–15 birth registers to the 2011 census. While first-generation Latin American immigrants have a lower fertility level than the native population, the 1.5 generation arriving between the ages of 9 and 17 years have a higher level. Both the 1.5 generation arriving younger than 9 years and the second generation closely follow the native population’s fertility level. The first and 1.5 generations of Maghrebi immigrants have a much higher fertility level than the native population, and the second generation maintains a slightly higher level. The impact that age, labour market participation, and educational attainment have on the second generation’s level is closer to the Spanish population than among the first generation. Selection and disruption hypotheses help to explain the fertility of Latin American immigrants, while socialization and interrelation of events hypotheses do so for Maghrebi immigrants.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135394466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad024
Tuur Ghys, Beatriz Inzunza-Acedo
Abstract The idea that information campaigns can stop migrants from engaging in troublesome journeys has been criticized in recent years on the basis that migrants are aware of the risks of their travel. This article intervenes in the discussion on the relevance of information by arguing for a more nuanced view that looks at what information migrants have, how they understand risks, and what types of information are relevant to the journey itself. This argument is illustrated with the case of high-risk transit migration from Central America through Mexico toward the USA, drawing on data from 60 interviews with migrants collected during 2017–18, a period during which transit migration came with extreme risks and a low chance of success. Our findings show that while most migrants are indeed aware that migration involves risks, they often do not understand (or believe) the exact dimensions of these risks, nor are they well informed on the journey as a whole. Besides the decision to depart or not, access to information is shown to be relevant in various aspects of migration.
{"title":"Reevaluating the role of information in transit migration: the case of Central American migrants crossing Mexico","authors":"Tuur Ghys, Beatriz Inzunza-Acedo","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The idea that information campaigns can stop migrants from engaging in troublesome journeys has been criticized in recent years on the basis that migrants are aware of the risks of their travel. This article intervenes in the discussion on the relevance of information by arguing for a more nuanced view that looks at what information migrants have, how they understand risks, and what types of information are relevant to the journey itself. This argument is illustrated with the case of high-risk transit migration from Central America through Mexico toward the USA, drawing on data from 60 interviews with migrants collected during 2017–18, a period during which transit migration came with extreme risks and a low chance of success. Our findings show that while most migrants are indeed aware that migration involves risks, they often do not understand (or believe) the exact dimensions of these risks, nor are they well informed on the journey as a whole. Besides the decision to depart or not, access to information is shown to be relevant in various aspects of migration.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135825668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad020
David Schiefer, Franck Düvell, A. Sağıroğlu
Increasingly high numbers of migrants around the globe have led migration scholars attempting to understand determinants of migration aspirations for many years. This study specifically looks at migration aspirations from two angles, (1) migration under conditions of a continuum of crises, in this case the (civil) war in Syria and precarious lives in Turkey, highlighting uncertainty and temporality entailed in crisis and (2) the role of family in migration aspirations. So far, scholarship primarily focuses on individuals in countries of origin and on voluntary migrants. Migration aspirations of forced migrants who have found refuge in another country are far less studied. Their situation, however, differs from voluntary migrants in distinct ways. Second, although the literature emphasizes the role of family for migration aspirations deep-level empirical inquiries are rare. Based on a survey among around 1,900 Syrian refugees in Turkey, this article addresses these gaps and explores the role family plays for migration aspirations among forced migrants. We take a close look by exploring how geographical family networks relate to migration aspirations and interact with other characteristics. We find that staying in Turkey seems to be the most likely option for participants at the time of the survey, but we also identify a substantial degree of uncertainty regarding migration aspirations. Furthermore, participants’ aspired places of living depend on the location of family members, above and beyond other characteristics. Moreover, (trans-)national family networks enhance or diminish effects of other determinants of migration aspirations such as perceived living conditions in Turkey.
{"title":"Migration aspirations in forced transnational families: the case of Syrians in Turkey","authors":"David Schiefer, Franck Düvell, A. Sağıroğlu","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Increasingly high numbers of migrants around the globe have led migration scholars attempting to understand determinants of migration aspirations for many years. This study specifically looks at migration aspirations from two angles, (1) migration under conditions of a continuum of crises, in this case the (civil) war in Syria and precarious lives in Turkey, highlighting uncertainty and temporality entailed in crisis and (2) the role of family in migration aspirations. So far, scholarship primarily focuses on individuals in countries of origin and on voluntary migrants. Migration aspirations of forced migrants who have found refuge in another country are far less studied. Their situation, however, differs from voluntary migrants in distinct ways. Second, although the literature emphasizes the role of family for migration aspirations deep-level empirical inquiries are rare. Based on a survey among around 1,900 Syrian refugees in Turkey, this article addresses these gaps and explores the role family plays for migration aspirations among forced migrants. We take a close look by exploring how geographical family networks relate to migration aspirations and interact with other characteristics. We find that staying in Turkey seems to be the most likely option for participants at the time of the survey, but we also identify a substantial degree of uncertainty regarding migration aspirations. Furthermore, participants’ aspired places of living depend on the location of family members, above and beyond other characteristics. Moreover, (trans-)national family networks enhance or diminish effects of other determinants of migration aspirations such as perceived living conditions in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42964229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad021
A. Içduygu, H. Gören
Research on climate/environmental change and human migration have undergone significant transformations since the early 1990s. Attention by migration-related journals and environment/climate-oriented journals has been uneven. What is absent is a critical comparative approach to this unevenness and the evolving dynamics of the nexus in a continuum. We conducted a critical comparative analysis of six scholarly journals to fill this gap. Based on multi-stage mixed methods, our findings suggest: (1) scholarly research has disproportionately focused on the impacts of X (climate/environmental change effects) on Y (human migration), vulnerabilities, and agency of moving people and broader social and political processes receiving less attention; (2) Compared with migration-related journals, climate/environment-oriented journals have contributed more to research on the climate/environment–migration nexus, with significant differences in their approach and topical selections; (3) ‘Migration as an adaptation strategy to climate change’ as a theme has shown an unprecedented rise since 2010, with most articles having a skewed emphasis on migration as an individual and unplanned form of adaptation rather than that of planned adaptation; (4) Research on the climate/environment–migration nexus has recently entered the early maturation period, which approximates research into mainstream migration studies. Consequently, we divide the research’s last three decades into three stages: prognostic period (early 1990s to early 2000s), transitionary period (early 2000s to 2010), and growth period (2010-present). We suggest that both journal groups embrace more inclusive and diverse foci on different scales.
{"title":"Exploring temporal and topical dynamics of research on climate/environment–migration nexus: A critical comparative perspective","authors":"A. Içduygu, H. Gören","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Research on climate/environmental change and human migration have undergone significant transformations since the early 1990s. Attention by migration-related journals and environment/climate-oriented journals has been uneven. What is absent is a critical comparative approach to this unevenness and the evolving dynamics of the nexus in a continuum. We conducted a critical comparative analysis of six scholarly journals to fill this gap. Based on multi-stage mixed methods, our findings suggest: (1) scholarly research has disproportionately focused on the impacts of X (climate/environmental change effects) on Y (human migration), vulnerabilities, and agency of moving people and broader social and political processes receiving less attention; (2) Compared with migration-related journals, climate/environment-oriented journals have contributed more to research on the climate/environment–migration nexus, with significant differences in their approach and topical selections; (3) ‘Migration as an adaptation strategy to climate change’ as a theme has shown an unprecedented rise since 2010, with most articles having a skewed emphasis on migration as an individual and unplanned form of adaptation rather than that of planned adaptation; (4) Research on the climate/environment–migration nexus has recently entered the early maturation period, which approximates research into mainstream migration studies. Consequently, we divide the research’s last three decades into three stages: prognostic period (early 1990s to early 2000s), transitionary period (early 2000s to 2010), and growth period (2010-present). We suggest that both journal groups embrace more inclusive and diverse foci on different scales.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47729835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-12DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad022
Minna Tuominen, Elina Kilpi-Jakonen, Regina García Velázquez, A. Castañeda, H. Kuusio
This article explores the factors that may facilitate or hinder the development of migrant social capital in a settlement country. We build on Robert Putnam’s dyad of bonding and bridging social capital, which are here combined into a single categorical dependent variable. As earlier research shows that higher educated migrants tend to form more extensive social relationships, we explore whether they draw from different background factors to build social capital than those with less education. Separate multinomial regression analyses are conducted for the two education groups using data from the Survey on Well-Being among Foreign Born Population in Finland (n: 5,247). The study finds important differences but also similarities between the education groups. The higher educated group most commonly possesses abundant social capital (i.e. extensive bonding and bridging relationships), while in the lower education group, the proportion of people with scarce social capital (limited bonding and bridging relationships) outnumbers those with abundant capital by over twofold. A satisfactory level of income emerges as the single most important underlying factor that both education groups draw from to build abundant social capital, but it is a far more common characteristic in the higher education group. Yet, income is not enough to explain the disparity between the education groups. Furthermore, the migration-related characteristics shield the higher education group from scarce or one-sided social capital. The lower educated group derive benefits from education obtained in the new home country. Individual characteristics outweigh the importance of context-related factors for social capital development.
{"title":"Building social capital in a new home country. A closer look into the predictors of bonding and bridging relationships of migrant populations at different education levels","authors":"Minna Tuominen, Elina Kilpi-Jakonen, Regina García Velázquez, A. Castañeda, H. Kuusio","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores the factors that may facilitate or hinder the development of migrant social capital in a settlement country. We build on Robert Putnam’s dyad of bonding and bridging social capital, which are here combined into a single categorical dependent variable. As earlier research shows that higher educated migrants tend to form more extensive social relationships, we explore whether they draw from different background factors to build social capital than those with less education. Separate multinomial regression analyses are conducted for the two education groups using data from the Survey on Well-Being among Foreign Born Population in Finland (n: 5,247). The study finds important differences but also similarities between the education groups. The higher educated group most commonly possesses abundant social capital (i.e. extensive bonding and bridging relationships), while in the lower education group, the proportion of people with scarce social capital (limited bonding and bridging relationships) outnumbers those with abundant capital by over twofold. A satisfactory level of income emerges as the single most important underlying factor that both education groups draw from to build abundant social capital, but it is a far more common characteristic in the higher education group. Yet, income is not enough to explain the disparity between the education groups. Furthermore, the migration-related characteristics shield the higher education group from scarce or one-sided social capital. The lower educated group derive benefits from education obtained in the new home country. Individual characteristics outweigh the importance of context-related factors for social capital development.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43133001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad018
J. Dennison
Emotions are regularly cited as vital components of effective strategic communication. However, there is relatively little guidance about how emotions should be used. Eliciting emotions is key to persuasion because attitudes have a cognitive and emotive component, with predictable physiological outcomes that make messages more resonant and impactful on behaviour, supporting policy objectives. This article shows that communicators—in the field of migration and beyond—should choose their campaign’s emotional frame according to their desired physiological and behavioural reaction. This article applies the emotion schema of Plutchik to offer 32 separate emotions and their theorised physiological reactions, examples of stimuli, and behavioural societal effects. Furthermore, emotional outcomes can be altered via narratives, frames, personal-based messages, facial expressions and body language, aesthetics, ordering (‘emotional flow’), intensities, and combinations. Finally, the limits of emotion-based communication—not least the ‘appeal to emotion’ logical fallacy—and how to overcome those limits—grounding emotion-based communication in facts, values, identities, and efficacy—are considered. Emotion-based communication in the field of migration, although widely used, is largely untested so communicators should test different approaches but also can take lessons from fields such as corporate, health, and climate change communication.
{"title":"Emotions: functions and significance for attitudes, behaviour, and communication","authors":"J. Dennison","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Emotions are regularly cited as vital components of effective strategic communication. However, there is relatively little guidance about how emotions should be used. Eliciting emotions is key to persuasion because attitudes have a cognitive and emotive component, with predictable physiological outcomes that make messages more resonant and impactful on behaviour, supporting policy objectives. This article shows that communicators—in the field of migration and beyond—should choose their campaign’s emotional frame according to their desired physiological and behavioural reaction. This article applies the emotion schema of Plutchik to offer 32 separate emotions and their theorised physiological reactions, examples of stimuli, and behavioural societal effects. Furthermore, emotional outcomes can be altered via narratives, frames, personal-based messages, facial expressions and body language, aesthetics, ordering (‘emotional flow’), intensities, and combinations. Finally, the limits of emotion-based communication—not least the ‘appeal to emotion’ logical fallacy—and how to overcome those limits—grounding emotion-based communication in facts, values, identities, and efficacy—are considered. Emotion-based communication in the field of migration, although widely used, is largely untested so communicators should test different approaches but also can take lessons from fields such as corporate, health, and climate change communication.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48494038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad019
T. Monson
Originating in normative interventions aiming to remedy segregation through contact with difference, the notion of ‘meaningful encounter’ has become a portmanteau for contact that results in greater respect and tolerance. This article questions the epistemic justice of such a value-laden concept by presenting four examples of parochial meaning-making around encounters in a South African informal settlement. Drawing on secondary interviews conducted after ‘xenophobic’ expulsions of foreign-born newcomers from the settlement in 2008, as well as primary ethnographic fieldwork conducted four years later, the article highlights the meaningfulness of four encounters that did not lead to increased tolerance or respect for difference—encounters with affluence; with social mobility; with hardship in conditions of poverty and marginality; and with seemingly uncommitted newcomers against a backdrop of contentious politics. In each case, the article illustrates both the meaningfulness of the encounter, and its effect of producing tensions rather than mediating them. The article uses these examples to problematise the assumptions implicit in received notions of ‘meaningful encounter’: that tension necessarily pre-exist encounter, that established/newcomer boundaries are based on prejudice, and that encounters are not meaningful unless they advance a predetermined normative position. Along the way, it highlights the importance of embodiment, materiality, inequality, and space in the production of difference. Having made the case for a conceptual sharpening in the light of these seldom-studied encounters in the urban margins of South Africa, the article concludes by urging scholars to adopt a value-free conception of the meaningfulness of encounter.
{"title":"Rethinking encounter through parochial meaning-making on the urban margins in South Africa","authors":"T. Monson","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Originating in normative interventions aiming to remedy segregation through contact with difference, the notion of ‘meaningful encounter’ has become a portmanteau for contact that results in greater respect and tolerance. This article questions the epistemic justice of such a value-laden concept by presenting four examples of parochial meaning-making around encounters in a South African informal settlement. Drawing on secondary interviews conducted after ‘xenophobic’ expulsions of foreign-born newcomers from the settlement in 2008, as well as primary ethnographic fieldwork conducted four years later, the article highlights the meaningfulness of four encounters that did not lead to increased tolerance or respect for difference—encounters with affluence; with social mobility; with hardship in conditions of poverty and marginality; and with seemingly uncommitted newcomers against a backdrop of contentious politics. In each case, the article illustrates both the meaningfulness of the encounter, and its effect of producing tensions rather than mediating them. The article uses these examples to problematise the assumptions implicit in received notions of ‘meaningful encounter’: that tension necessarily pre-exist encounter, that established/newcomer boundaries are based on prejudice, and that encounters are not meaningful unless they advance a predetermined normative position. Along the way, it highlights the importance of embodiment, materiality, inequality, and space in the production of difference. Having made the case for a conceptual sharpening in the light of these seldom-studied encounters in the urban margins of South Africa, the article concludes by urging scholars to adopt a value-free conception of the meaningfulness of encounter.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48606305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad016
Lucy Hunt
This article explores the role of non-formal arts education in Thessaloniki, Greece for fostering contact considered valuable by the young refugee community. Drawing on accounts of their daily life, gathered over eight months of ethnographic fieldwork for a project on their post-15 educational participation, the article details how around the city, young refugees (aged 15–25 years) experience conflicted encounters involving both hostility and solidarity. While this hostility impacts their aspirations, self-image, and feelings of inclusion, a large solidarity movement attempts to counteract these challenges by offering educational activities for ‘inclusion’ such as arts workshops in temporary spaces. These offers were popular among youth in the study, as they constituted a welcoming opportunity for building social connections, language skills, and self-confidence—outcomes that extended beyond the physical space of the workshops. As such, they functioned as valuable, creative ‘(en)counterspaces’. Based on observations from one case study site, this article unpacks the key processes that promoted these valued outcomes—including collaboration, mediation, and informal contact—as well as the role played by arts materials and arts-making practices in these processes. This article also offers key considerations for designing similar activities, such as being sensitive to inclusivity and power relations. It aims to build on the literature on both ‘counterspaces’ and ‘encounters’ by documenting the outcomes young refugees value from contact in these sites of solidarity, and how and why they proactively seek them out; as well as analysing the other actors and specific activities involved in them.
{"title":"Creative (en)counterspaces: Engineering valuable contact for young refugees via solidarity arts workshops in Thessaloniki, Greece","authors":"Lucy Hunt","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores the role of non-formal arts education in Thessaloniki, Greece for fostering contact considered valuable by the young refugee community. Drawing on accounts of their daily life, gathered over eight months of ethnographic fieldwork for a project on their post-15 educational participation, the article details how around the city, young refugees (aged 15–25 years) experience conflicted encounters involving both hostility and solidarity. While this hostility impacts their aspirations, self-image, and feelings of inclusion, a large solidarity movement attempts to counteract these challenges by offering educational activities for ‘inclusion’ such as arts workshops in temporary spaces. These offers were popular among youth in the study, as they constituted a welcoming opportunity for building social connections, language skills, and self-confidence—outcomes that extended beyond the physical space of the workshops. As such, they functioned as valuable, creative ‘(en)counterspaces’. Based on observations from one case study site, this article unpacks the key processes that promoted these valued outcomes—including collaboration, mediation, and informal contact—as well as the role played by arts materials and arts-making practices in these processes. This article also offers key considerations for designing similar activities, such as being sensitive to inclusivity and power relations. It aims to build on the literature on both ‘counterspaces’ and ‘encounters’ by documenting the outcomes young refugees value from contact in these sites of solidarity, and how and why they proactively seek them out; as well as analysing the other actors and specific activities involved in them.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45916728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-22DOI: 10.1093/migration/mnad014
Justyna Bell, Anne Balke Staver, Ida Tolgensbakk
Transnational family living refers to the situation of maintaining relationships across national borders. It is dependent on a certain degree of flexibility from the state. As part of the crisis response to the COVID-19 pandemic, this flexibility was revoked. As a result, existing mobility inequalities became more visible than ever: while travel restrictions came as a shock to many, they created an additional challenge to those who had been struggling in the past. All persons engaged in transnational family living had to find ways to navigate the new situation. Our project is based on policy review and online ethnography taking Norway as a case. We discuss how individuals tried to maintain cross-border and mixed-status family lives during the first year of the pandemic, reacted to the borders closing, and found solace and advice from others in similar situations. The COVID-19 pandemic and the travel restrictions that followed have exposed vulnerabilities associated with transnational living and revealed to those involved that their arrangements were conditioned by the non-interference of the state. Our article engages in the discussion on the complexity of transnational family living and uses the case of the pandemic and the sudden state intervention in mobility regulations to expose the hidden parts of the puzzle that sustain the contemporary attributes of transnationalism.
{"title":"State crisis response versus transnational family living: An online ethnography among transnational families during the pandemic","authors":"Justyna Bell, Anne Balke Staver, Ida Tolgensbakk","doi":"10.1093/migration/mnad014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Transnational family living refers to the situation of maintaining relationships across national borders. It is dependent on a certain degree of flexibility from the state. As part of the crisis response to the COVID-19 pandemic, this flexibility was revoked. As a result, existing mobility inequalities became more visible than ever: while travel restrictions came as a shock to many, they created an additional challenge to those who had been struggling in the past. All persons engaged in transnational family living had to find ways to navigate the new situation. Our project is based on policy review and online ethnography taking Norway as a case. We discuss how individuals tried to maintain cross-border and mixed-status family lives during the first year of the pandemic, reacted to the borders closing, and found solace and advice from others in similar situations. The COVID-19 pandemic and the travel restrictions that followed have exposed vulnerabilities associated with transnational living and revealed to those involved that their arrangements were conditioned by the non-interference of the state. Our article engages in the discussion on the complexity of transnational family living and uses the case of the pandemic and the sudden state intervention in mobility regulations to expose the hidden parts of the puzzle that sustain the contemporary attributes of transnationalism.","PeriodicalId":46309,"journal":{"name":"Migration Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46906984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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