Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7759
Simon Munzert, Peter Selb
Self-reports of adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions in surveys may be subject to social desirability bias. Existing questioning techniques to reduce bias are rarely used to monitor adherence. We conducted a list experiment to elicit truthful answers to the question whether respondents met friends or acquaintances and thus disregarded the social distancing norm. Our empirical findings are mixed. Using the list experiment, we estimate the prevalence of non-compliant behavior at 28%, whereas the estimate from a direct question is 22%. However, a more permissively phrased direct question included later in the survey yields an estimate of 47%. All three estimates vary consistently across social groups. Interestingly, only the list experiment reveals somewhat higher non-compliance rates among the highly educated compared to those with lower education, yet the variance of the list estimates is considerably higher. We conclude that the list experiment compared unfavorably to simpler direct measurements in our case.
{"title":"Can we directly survey adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions? : Evidence from a list experiment conducted in Germany during the early Corona pandemic","authors":"Simon Munzert, Peter Selb","doi":"10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7759","url":null,"abstract":"Self-reports of adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions in surveys may be subject to social desirability bias. Existing questioning techniques to reduce bias are rarely used to monitor adherence. We conducted a list experiment to elicit truthful answers to the question whether respondents met friends or acquaintances and thus disregarded the social distancing norm. Our empirical findings are mixed. Using the list experiment, we estimate the prevalence of non-compliant behavior at 28%, whereas the estimate from a direct question is 22%. However, a more permissively phrased direct question included later in the survey yields an estimate of 47%. All three estimates vary consistently across social groups. Interestingly, only the list experiment reveals somewhat higher non-compliance rates among the highly educated compared to those with lower education, yet the variance of the list estimates is considerably higher. We conclude that the list experiment compared unfavorably to simpler direct measurements in our case.","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"14 1","pages":"205-209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44221262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7745
C. Vezzoni, Riccardo Ladini, F. Molteni, G. D. Sani, Ferruccio Biolcati, A. Chiesi, S. Guglielmi, M. Maraffi, A. Pedrazzani, P. Segatti
In this article, we present an application of the rolling cross-section (RCS) design to monitor changes in public opinion during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy (ResPOnsE Covid-19 project, University of Milan Statale). The RCS is a dynamic survey tool used predominantly in the analyses of public opinion during electoral campaigns. Because of its dynamic nature, we argue that it is an ideal instrument to monitor public opinion during a pandemic. Specifically, we present an RCS online survey implemented in Italy from April to July 2020 and we present some illustrative analyses of changes in behaviors, attitudes, and opinions during the Covid-19 crisis to highlight the potential of the design. Ultimately, we assert that RCS surveys could be very powerful instruments to inform policy makers of the dynamics of public opinion during a crisis, especially when inserted within existent high-quality survey infrastructures.
{"title":"Investigating the social, economic and political consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic: A rolling cross-section approach","authors":"C. Vezzoni, Riccardo Ladini, F. Molteni, G. D. Sani, Ferruccio Biolcati, A. Chiesi, S. Guglielmi, M. Maraffi, A. Pedrazzani, P. Segatti","doi":"10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7745","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present an application of the rolling cross-section (RCS) design to monitor changes in public opinion during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy (ResPOnsE Covid-19 project, University of Milan Statale). The RCS is a dynamic survey tool used predominantly in the analyses of public opinion during electoral campaigns. Because of its dynamic nature, we argue that it is an ideal instrument to monitor public opinion during a pandemic. Specifically, we present an RCS online survey implemented in Italy from April to July 2020 and we present some illustrative analyses of changes in behaviors, attitudes, and opinions during the Covid-19 crisis to highlight the potential of the design. Ultimately, we assert that RCS surveys could be very powerful instruments to inform policy makers of the dynamics of public opinion during a crisis, especially when inserted within existent high-quality survey infrastructures.","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"14 1","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44743188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7749
R. Schnell, Menno Smid
Existing reporting systems and surveys give biased estimates of the true prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and the development of these rates over time. Little is known on progression of the disease in persons who are already identified as infected. Finally, the number of deaths due to the infection (not during the infection) is also unknown. We describe data requirements for epidemiological and social research and give details of the sampling and fieldwork procedures required for different types of studies.
{"title":"Methodological Problems and Solutions for Sampling in Epidemiological SARS-CoV-2 Research Reply","authors":"R. Schnell, Menno Smid","doi":"10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7749","url":null,"abstract":"Existing reporting systems and surveys give biased estimates of the true prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and the development of these rates over time. Little is known on progression of the disease in persons who are already identified as infected. Finally, the number of deaths due to the infection (not during the infection) is also unknown. We describe data requirements for epidemiological and social research and give details of the sampling and fieldwork procedures required for different types of studies.","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"14 1","pages":"123-129"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45080222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7753
Gisela Will, Regina Becker, Dominik Weigand
This paper describes the consequences that the non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic had on the data collection of the panel study ReGES and the solution adopted to continue the field work. The NPI were introduced during the 7th wave of the ReGES study and led to a disruption of the field work. In order to continue the field and to keep the data collected after the NPI comparable to the one collected before the NPI, we decided to switch the face-to-face mode to a telephone interview. The switch made content-related as well as technical and methodological adjustments to the instruments necessary. We also discuss methodological issues that must be taken into account when preparing and analysing the data.
{"title":"COVID-19 lockdown during field work:","authors":"Gisela Will, Regina Becker, Dominik Weigand","doi":"10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7753","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the consequences that the non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic had on the data collection of the panel study ReGES and the solution adopted to continue the field work. The NPI were introduced during the 7th wave of the ReGES study and led to a disruption of the field work. In order to continue the field and to keep the data collected after the NPI comparable to the one collected before the NPI, we decided to switch the face-to-face mode to a telephone interview. The switch made content-related as well as technical and methodological adjustments to the instruments necessary. We also discuss methodological issues that must be taken into account when preparing and analysing the data.","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"14 1","pages":"247-252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43755232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7744
M. Weinhardt, Julia Bartosch
In this short paper, we propose a research design for collecting data on entrepreneurs’ perceptions of the existential crisis. In particular, we are interested in a deeper understanding of the societal impact the Corona-Crisis will have on social relations in Germany through the eyes of a key-demographic: entrepreneurs. We outline a possible set up for a probabilistic web-panel of entrepreneurs, focusing on managing directors and company owners in small and medium sized companies. The panel would include questions about how entrepreneurs perceive the support offered by the government and the wider society, how this evaluation will impact their view of the government and their fellow citizens and how entrepreneurs see any chance in this crisis for more sustainability-oriented business practices. Moreover, we outline a sampling strategy and a data collection mode. Such research is of particular relevance in the current situation of high uncertainty to better understand how perceptions and attitudes of entrepreneurs are developing due to the crisis. This will not only have important implications for the social group under study, but for questions about the social cohesion more generally.
{"title":"Surveying Entrepreneurs’ Perception of Society in Times of Corona: A proposal","authors":"M. Weinhardt, Julia Bartosch","doi":"10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7744","url":null,"abstract":"In this short paper, we propose a research design for collecting data on entrepreneurs’ perceptions of the existential crisis. In particular, we are interested in a deeper understanding of the societal impact the Corona-Crisis will have on social relations in Germany through the eyes of a key-demographic: entrepreneurs. We outline a possible set up for a probabilistic web-panel of entrepreneurs, focusing on managing directors and company owners in small and medium sized companies. The panel would include questions about how entrepreneurs perceive the support offered by the government and the wider society, how this evaluation will impact their view of the government and their fellow citizens and how entrepreneurs see any chance in this crisis for more sustainability-oriented business practices. Moreover, we outline a sampling strategy and a data collection mode. Such research is of particular relevance in the current situation of high uncertainty to better understand how perceptions and attitudes of entrepreneurs are developing due to the crisis. This will not only have important implications for the social group under study, but for questions about the social cohesion more generally.","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"14 1","pages":"147-151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46901849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7733
S. Rinken, Juan-Antonio Dominguez, Manuel Trujillo, Regina Lafuente, Rafaela Sotomayor, R. Serrano-del-Rosal
To minimize coverage and participation biases, this web survey adopted two complementary sampling strategies: (a) SMS invitations to random-number mobile phones, and (b) Internet advertisements targeting specific sociodemographic groups. This combination of aleatory selection from a rather comprehensive sampling frame, on one hand, and responsive definition of target profiles, on the other, largely succeeded in adjusting the sample to relevant population parameters, albeit with the noteworthy exception of education level.
{"title":"Combined mobile-phone and social-media sampling for web survey on social effects of COVID-19 in spain","authors":"S. Rinken, Juan-Antonio Dominguez, Manuel Trujillo, Regina Lafuente, Rafaela Sotomayor, R. Serrano-del-Rosal","doi":"10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7733","url":null,"abstract":"To minimize coverage and participation biases, this web survey adopted two complementary sampling strategies: (a) SMS invitations to random-number mobile phones, and (b) Internet advertisements targeting specific sociodemographic groups. This combination of aleatory selection from a rather comprehensive sampling frame, on one hand, and responsive definition of target profiles, on the other, largely succeeded in adjusting the sample to relevant population parameters, albeit with the noteworthy exception of education level.","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"14 1","pages":"165-170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43962223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7757
A. Frasier, H. Guyer, L. DiGrande, Rose A. Domanico, D. Cooney, S. Eckman
Although counts of the novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections and deaths are reported by several sources online, precise estimation of the exposed proportion of the population is not possible in most areas of the world. Estimates of other disease prevalence in the United States are often obtained through in-person seroprevalence surveys. The availability of testing only for individuals with symptoms, combined with stay-at-home and social distancing mandates to stem the spread of the disease, limit in-person data collection options. A probability-based mail survey with at-home, self-administered testing is a feasible method to safely estimate SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence within the United States while also easing burden on the U.S. public and health care system. This mail survey could be a one-time, cross-sectional design, or a repeated cross-sectional or longitudinal survey. We discuss several options for designing and conducting this survey.
{"title":"Design for a Mail Survey to Determine Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Antibodies in the United States","authors":"A. Frasier, H. Guyer, L. DiGrande, Rose A. Domanico, D. Cooney, S. Eckman","doi":"10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18148/SRM/2020.V14I2.7757","url":null,"abstract":"Although counts of the novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections and deaths are reported by several sources online, precise estimation of the exposed proportion of the population is not possible in most areas of the world. Estimates of other disease prevalence in the United States are often obtained through in-person seroprevalence surveys. The availability of testing only for individuals with symptoms, combined with stay-at-home and social distancing mandates to stem the spread of the disease, limit in-person data collection options. A probability-based mail survey with at-home, self-administered testing is a feasible method to safely estimate SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence within the United States while also easing burden on the U.S. public and health care system. This mail survey could be a one-time, cross-sectional design, or a repeated cross-sectional or longitudinal survey. We discuss several options for designing and conducting this survey.","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"14 1","pages":"131-139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45470509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Deliberation Effects of a Participatory Survey on Reform of the College Entrance System","authors":"Ki-Tae Park, Myoung-jin Lee","doi":"10.20997/sr.21.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20997/sr.21.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75553115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Realization of Deliberative Democracy?: An Empirical Approach to Issues Related to the the Deliberative Polling for Shin-Gori Nuclear Reactors No. 5 & 6","authors":"Hyung-Ann Jung, Yun-Suk Lee","doi":"10.20997/sr.21.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20997/sr.21.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73940940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case Study of Participatory Deliberative Polling: Focusing on the Participatory Surveys for Public Deliberation on Reorganization of University Entrance System","authors":"H. Kang, Youngwon Kim, Chansook Lim, Jaehyuk Choi","doi":"10.20997/sr.21.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20997/sr.21.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46454,"journal":{"name":"Survey Research Methods","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78958468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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