Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.1108/jec-12-2021-0178
Cristina Blanco González-Tejero, C. M. Molina
Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of corporate entrepreneurship. To this end, the learning process of the individual in skills, competencies and agile methodologies is considered, as well as the influence of corporate culture, ways of working and organizational capabilities in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach This study was performed by means of an email survey questionnaire, conducted on 241 SMEs in Madrid and Guadalajara (Spain). The hypotheses were tested with structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings The results yielded a positive and direct link between the organization and the training of business leaders in programs of skills and competencies, as well as between this training and corporate entrepreneurship processes carried out in the organization. However, there is an indirect relationship between organizational activity and processes of the organization and intrapreneurship activities. Research limitations/implications The research provides a practical contribution to the SME perspective and raises awareness of the importance of intrapreneurial activities for business development. Hence, it becomes relevant to focus on training plans that have a direct impact on the development of business innovations that lead to corporate entrepreneurship. Originality/value This research contributes to contextualize and enrich the literature on corporate entrepreneurship by addressing the gap related to corporate culture, innovation and skills, through a model that shows the relationship between the variables.
{"title":"Training, corporate culture and organizational work models for the development of corporate entrepreneurship in SMEs","authors":"Cristina Blanco González-Tejero, C. M. Molina","doi":"10.1108/jec-12-2021-0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-12-2021-0178","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of corporate entrepreneurship. To this end, the learning process of the individual in skills, competencies and agile methodologies is considered, as well as the influence of corporate culture, ways of working and organizational capabilities in small and medium enterprises (SMEs).\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study was performed by means of an email survey questionnaire, conducted on 241 SMEs in Madrid and Guadalajara (Spain). The hypotheses were tested with structural equation modeling (SEM).\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results yielded a positive and direct link between the organization and the training of business leaders in programs of skills and competencies, as well as between this training and corporate entrepreneurship processes carried out in the organization. However, there is an indirect relationship between organizational activity and processes of the organization and intrapreneurship activities.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The research provides a practical contribution to the SME perspective and raises awareness of the importance of intrapreneurial activities for business development. Hence, it becomes relevant to focus on training plans that have a direct impact on the development of business innovations that lead to corporate entrepreneurship.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This research contributes to contextualize and enrich the literature on corporate entrepreneurship by addressing the gap related to corporate culture, innovation and skills, through a model that shows the relationship between the variables.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44880876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1108/jec-11-2021-0162
Esra Sipahi Dongul, Erkin Artantaş
Purpose Background: Both social work activities and social initiatives, innovative solutions today it has to support the development and change of the society by producing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social entrepreneurship on firm performance of Turkey small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in the Chinese ethnic community. In addition, the authors also examined the moderator role of social embeddedness in the relationship between social entrepreneurship and the Chinese ethnic community of Turkey SMEs on firm performance. Design/methodology/approach Because it is seen that the decomposition validity is achieved between the dimensions for HTMT values, the current study, using the survey-based methodology, used structural equation modeling to achieve the research objectives. Ques-tionnaires were issued among 628 participants in selected international companies in Turkey and China. To mitigate any uncertainty and errors, the questionnaires were distributed face-to-face by hand (in Turkey), online (in China). A total of 274 questionnaires were used for the analysis which makes up to the 53.6% of the response rate. The findings of this study show that social entrepreneurial behavior influences organizational performance with a significant mediation between family ties and social networks and a strong moderation in entrepreneurial leadership. The findings of the present study largely agreed with the results of the hypothesis. The results of this study will give an idea about how social entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurial leadership can affect organizational performance and how social embeddedness affects this relationship. Findings Outcomes will be important to SME leaders as they seek to link results, practices and results. SME leaders will better understand the role of social entrepreneurial behaviour and entrepreneurial leadership in corporate performance. This will apply in business practice and leadership in striving to improve the level of performance. Research limitations/implications In this study, Turkey and China are limited to 274 participants in international companies. Because the findings of this study are limited to the sample it represents, there is no generalization of these results for all countries. However, given that the number of studies on this subject is very inadequate, this research is important in terms of shedding light on the work to be carried out next. Practical implications This empirical research confirms the impact of social entrepreneurial behavior on organizational performance. Social entrepreneurial behavior integrates organizational performance, family ties, social networking and entrepreneurial leadership and empirically tests the relationship between them. Trade relations will ensure the interlocking of the countries involved in the research, and thus, improve the relations of the countries. Originality/value The main aim of this study is to investigate the
{"title":"Exploring the link between social work, entrepreneurial leadership, social embeddedness, social entrepreneurship and firm performance: a case of SMES owned by Chinese ethnic community in Turkey","authors":"Esra Sipahi Dongul, Erkin Artantaş","doi":"10.1108/jec-11-2021-0162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-11-2021-0162","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Background: Both social work activities and social initiatives, innovative solutions today it has to support the development and change of the society by producing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social entrepreneurship on firm performance of Turkey small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in the Chinese ethnic community. In addition, the authors also examined the moderator role of social embeddedness in the relationship between social entrepreneurship and the Chinese ethnic community of Turkey SMEs on firm performance.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Because it is seen that the decomposition validity is achieved between the dimensions for HTMT values, the current study, using the survey-based methodology, used structural equation modeling to achieve the research objectives. Ques-tionnaires were issued among 628 participants in selected international companies in Turkey and China. To mitigate any uncertainty and errors, the questionnaires were distributed face-to-face by hand (in Turkey), online (in China). A total of 274 questionnaires were used for the analysis which makes up to the 53.6% of the response rate. The findings of this study show that social entrepreneurial behavior influences organizational performance with a significant mediation between family ties and social networks and a strong moderation in entrepreneurial leadership. The findings of the present study largely agreed with the results of the hypothesis. The results of this study will give an idea about how social entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurial leadership can affect organizational performance and how social embeddedness affects this relationship.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Outcomes will be important to SME leaders as they seek to link results, practices and results. SME leaders will better understand the role of social entrepreneurial behaviour and entrepreneurial leadership in corporate performance. This will apply in business practice and leadership in striving to improve the level of performance.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000In this study, Turkey and China are limited to 274 participants in international companies. Because the findings of this study are limited to the sample it represents, there is no generalization of these results for all countries. However, given that the number of studies on this subject is very inadequate, this research is important in terms of shedding light on the work to be carried out next.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000This empirical research confirms the impact of social entrepreneurial behavior on organizational performance. Social entrepreneurial behavior integrates organizational performance, family ties, social networking and entrepreneurial leadership and empirically tests the relationship between them. Trade relations will ensure the interlocking of the countries involved in the research, and thus, improve the relations of the countries.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The main aim of this study is to investigate the ","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42891863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1108/jec-10-2021-0149
R. Wahyuningtyas, G. Disastra, R. Rismayani
Purpose Economic Society 5.0 is the answer to the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 through the creation of new value from the development of advanced technology that aims to reduce the gap between human and economic problems. Excellent human resources and adequate digital infrastructure are requirements in an Economic Society 5.0. Cooperatives as community economic organizations are players in the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Because of low competitiveness, cooperatives cannot create new and sustainable income streams, particularly digitalization capabilities. This study aims to encourage the competitiveness of cooperatives in the West Java region, Indonesia, in an Economic Society 5.0 by identifying the correlation between digital capabilities, digital orientation, employee resistance, government support, digital innovation and competitiveness. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a quantitative method through surveys as data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires to 386 leaders of cooperatives in West Java. Hypothesis testing uses analysis technique of structural equation modeling with partial least squares tool. Findings There are five hypotheses that are supported in the proposed model in this study. Digital orientation and government support have a positif and significant effect on digital innovation, in contrary; digital capability and employee resistance do not show any effect. Digital orientation, government support and digital capability also have a positive and significant effect on competitiveness. Meanwhile, employee resistance and digital innovation have no significant effect on competitiveness. Digital innovation was also found not to mediate the relationship between digital orientation, government support, digital capability and employee resistance with competitiveness. Originality/value This study provides new insights into the study of cooperatives as community’s economic institutions. This study adds empirical evidence of the factors that influence the competitiveness of cooperative institutions in Indonesia as a driver of the community’s economy. This study also provides practical implications for the development of cooperative competitiveness in developing countries, particularly in Indonesia.
{"title":"Toward cooperative competitiveness for community development in Economic Society 5.0","authors":"R. Wahyuningtyas, G. Disastra, R. Rismayani","doi":"10.1108/jec-10-2021-0149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-10-2021-0149","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Economic Society 5.0 is the answer to the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 through the creation of new value from the development of advanced technology that aims to reduce the gap between human and economic problems. Excellent human resources and adequate digital infrastructure are requirements in an Economic Society 5.0. Cooperatives as community economic organizations are players in the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Because of low competitiveness, cooperatives cannot create new and sustainable income streams, particularly digitalization capabilities. This study aims to encourage the competitiveness of cooperatives in the West Java region, Indonesia, in an Economic Society 5.0 by identifying the correlation between digital capabilities, digital orientation, employee resistance, government support, digital innovation and competitiveness.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study uses a quantitative method through surveys as data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires to 386 leaders of cooperatives in West Java. Hypothesis testing uses analysis technique of structural equation modeling with partial least squares tool.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000There are five hypotheses that are supported in the proposed model in this study. Digital orientation and government support have a positif and significant effect on digital innovation, in contrary; digital capability and employee resistance do not show any effect. Digital orientation, government support and digital capability also have a positive and significant effect on competitiveness. Meanwhile, employee resistance and digital innovation have no significant effect on competitiveness. Digital innovation was also found not to mediate the relationship between digital orientation, government support, digital capability and employee resistance with competitiveness.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study provides new insights into the study of cooperatives as community’s economic institutions. This study adds empirical evidence of the factors that influence the competitiveness of cooperative institutions in Indonesia as a driver of the community’s economy. This study also provides practical implications for the development of cooperative competitiveness in developing countries, particularly in Indonesia.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45600444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-26DOI: 10.1108/jec-10-2021-0148
S. Ojo
Purpose This study aims to interrogate the nature and characteristics of military entrepreneurship among veterans of the Nigerian Armed Forces. Design/methodology/approach Through the application of case study methodology, the study gathered data that reveal some distinguishing features of veteran entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Findings Veterans’ military background and military training appear to have both facilitating and inhibiting effects on veteran entrepreneurship in Nigeria. The study also reveals that veteran entrepreneurship though it may have some distinguishing features, but does not differ significantly to civilian entrepreneurship. Veterans’ entrepreneurs confront the same challenges as their civilian counterparts. Originality/value The result provides valuable knowledge for academics/researchers researching success and failure factors in the veteran entrepreneurship field.
{"title":"Exploring veteran entrepreneurship in Nigeria","authors":"S. Ojo","doi":"10.1108/jec-10-2021-0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-10-2021-0148","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to interrogate the nature and characteristics of military entrepreneurship among veterans of the Nigerian Armed Forces.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Through the application of case study methodology, the study gathered data that reveal some distinguishing features of veteran entrepreneurship in Nigeria.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Veterans’ military background and military training appear to have both facilitating and inhibiting effects on veteran entrepreneurship in Nigeria. The study also reveals that veteran entrepreneurship though it may have some distinguishing features, but does not differ significantly to civilian entrepreneurship. Veterans’ entrepreneurs confront the same challenges as their civilian counterparts.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The result provides valuable knowledge for academics/researchers researching success and failure factors in the veteran entrepreneurship field.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42269768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-18DOI: 10.1108/jec-12-2021-0174
Herolinda Murati-Leka, Besnik Fetai
Purpose The purpose of this paper will be on finding and analyzing the impact of government on the information and communication technology (ICT) companies’ innovation performance. The study aims to conduct in-depth research about the government as an integrated actor of the innovation ecosystem (IE), not a sole member. This would be the core finding toward doing further research about the impact of the innovation ecosystem in the ICT sector in Kosovo. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative research has been considered the most suitable data collection method. Furthermore, in this study, it is used convenience sampling as a technique of the sampling process. The sample size of this study is 106 participants. The participants are owners or representatives of ICT companies in Kosovo. Since the study is conducted using the deductive approach, the questionnaire is considered to be the most suitable instrument for gathering data. Findings This paper provides empirical insights that the company’s size and the dedicated department for research and development have no impact on how the company takes advantage of public funding from the government. Furthermore, the authors of the paper found out that government has a positive impact on companies’ introduction of new products and services, while the impact of the government on a company’s financial performance was insignificant. Research limitations/implications The future research direction should be firstly on studying other IE actors and their impact on companies’ innovation performance and secondly on measuring the IE actors as a set of actors to have a broader picture on how IE impacts the companies’ innovation performance. Practical implications The scientific contribution of this study will be on mapping, analyzing and proposing government policies in accordance with the findings of this study that would lead to a more comprehensive and sustainable IE in Kosovo. Originality/value This study tries to fulfill an identified need to study the impact of interconnected actors of an innovation ecosystem and to show how they affect each other. In this study, it is taken for research one fragment of a set of actors.
{"title":"Government and innovation performance: evidence from the ICT enterprising community","authors":"Herolinda Murati-Leka, Besnik Fetai","doi":"10.1108/jec-12-2021-0174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-12-2021-0174","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper will be on finding and analyzing the impact of government on the information and communication technology (ICT) companies’ innovation performance. The study aims to conduct in-depth research about the government as an integrated actor of the innovation ecosystem (IE), not a sole member. This would be the core finding toward doing further research about the impact of the innovation ecosystem in the ICT sector in Kosovo.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Quantitative research has been considered the most suitable data collection method. Furthermore, in this study, it is used convenience sampling as a technique of the sampling process. The sample size of this study is 106 participants. The participants are owners or representatives of ICT companies in Kosovo. Since the study is conducted using the deductive approach, the questionnaire is considered to be the most suitable instrument for gathering data.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000This paper provides empirical insights that the company’s size and the dedicated department for research and development have no impact on how the company takes advantage of public funding from the government. Furthermore, the authors of the paper found out that government has a positive impact on companies’ introduction of new products and services, while the impact of the government on a company’s financial performance was insignificant.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The future research direction should be firstly on studying other IE actors and their impact on companies’ innovation performance and secondly on measuring the IE actors as a set of actors to have a broader picture on how IE impacts the companies’ innovation performance.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The scientific contribution of this study will be on mapping, analyzing and proposing government policies in accordance with the findings of this study that would lead to a more comprehensive and sustainable IE in Kosovo.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study tries to fulfill an identified need to study the impact of interconnected actors of an innovation ecosystem and to show how they affect each other. In this study, it is taken for research one fragment of a set of actors.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44911263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.1108/jec-11-2021-0151
Myesere Avdyl Hoxha
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a modified service quality (SERVQUAL) model scale for measuring healthcare service quality in Kosovo. Design/methodology/approach An initial dimensions area methodology in construct development, followed by combined exploratory-analytical deductive research with the goal to test theory concepts and validate the measurement tool known from the theory of service quality using new empirical data in a specific context. A cross-sectional survey on a sample of 200 post-encountered patients and using structural equation modelling (SEM) and SEM path analysis to determine satisfaction. Findings The findings confirmed that a six-dimensional scale of SERVQUAL is not appropriate for the Kosovo health-care context. The scale development analysis with a new reduced four-dimensional model can be used to measure health service quality in the Kosovan context. Research limitations/implications The initial study concept was not piloted. It was developed by the researcher based on secondary data. Systematic random sampling was used, which may have resulted in conclusions that are not applicable to the general population. Finally, this study is applicable to the Kosovo context and cannot be generalized nor represent all patients treated in Kosovo hospitals and clinics. However, the above limitations are less significant compared to the importance of carrying out this type of study for the first time in Kosovo. Practical implications This study can help Kosovo health authorities to guide health system-wide improvements and health-care providers to remove quality shortfalls based on a culturally sensitive and validated multiple-item scale for the quality of their service. Originality/value This is the first research conducted to identify which of the service quality dimensions require attention by the health-care service providers in Kosovo and develop a validated tool for patient satisfaction measurement that can be used for commercial application.
{"title":"“Community and health-care service quality in Kosovo”: “a confirmatory analytical approach”","authors":"Myesere Avdyl Hoxha","doi":"10.1108/jec-11-2021-0151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-11-2021-0151","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a modified service quality (SERVQUAL) model scale for measuring healthcare service quality in Kosovo.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000An initial dimensions area methodology in construct development, followed by combined exploratory-analytical deductive research with the goal to test theory concepts and validate the measurement tool known from the theory of service quality using new empirical data in a specific context. A cross-sectional survey on a sample of 200 post-encountered patients and using structural equation modelling (SEM) and SEM path analysis to determine satisfaction.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The findings confirmed that a six-dimensional scale of SERVQUAL is not appropriate for the Kosovo health-care context. The scale development analysis with a new reduced four-dimensional model can be used to measure health service quality in the Kosovan context.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The initial study concept was not piloted. It was developed by the researcher based on secondary data. Systematic random sampling was used, which may have resulted in conclusions that are not applicable to the general population. Finally, this study is applicable to the Kosovo context and cannot be generalized nor represent all patients treated in Kosovo hospitals and clinics. However, the above limitations are less significant compared to the importance of carrying out this type of study for the first time in Kosovo.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000This study can help Kosovo health authorities to guide health system-wide improvements and health-care providers to remove quality shortfalls based on a culturally sensitive and validated multiple-item scale for the quality of their service.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This is the first research conducted to identify which of the service quality dimensions require attention by the health-care service providers in Kosovo and develop a validated tool for patient satisfaction measurement that can be used for commercial application.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42985337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-27DOI: 10.1108/jec-05-2021-0075
Uǧur Yetkin, Deniz Tunçalp
Purpose This paper aims to review the immigrant entrepreneurship literature to locate how researchers consider embeddedness to home and host countries beyond the “embedded” or “not” dichotomy. Design/methodology/approach The paper conducts a systematic literature review. The authors found 106 articles in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, using a structured search and selection protocol. Findings Few articles perceive embeddedness openly as a gradual phenomenon. However, articles in the review use different approaches for considering relative levels of embeddedness, such as depth of social ties. In addition, some articles take a dual perspective or make multi-contextual comparisons to acknowledge immigrant entrepreneurs’ embeddedness levels. These articles emphasise embeddedness as a gradual phenomenon to understand the complexity of immigrant entrepreneurs’ contextualisation better. Based on the review, the paper develops a model, considering embeddedness as an emergent result of the immigrants’ engagement with spaces, networks, markets and institutions of a given home or host context. It also accounts for the dynamic interaction between contextual factors as embeddedness levels change. Research limitations/implications The paper has located all relevant papers in the used databases. However, the systematic review protocol naturally limits its scope. Nevertheless, the developed model based on the review helps researchers develop a more comprehensive understanding of embeddedness and possibly ask novel questions. Social implications This paper can help policymakers improve their policies for the progressive social integration of immigrants, as it helps consider different embeddedness levels. Originality/value Researchers mainly consider individuals’ embeddedness as either “embedded” or “not.” However, we can also understand embeddedness at various levels, e.g. partial, increasing/decreasing and gradual. Significant changes occur in the embeddedness of individuals during immigration. Additionally, contextual relations intertwine immigrants’ entrepreneurial activity over time. The paper reviews embeddedness in the immigrant entrepreneurship literature, searching beyond the dichotomic use of embeddedness. Then, it develops a theoretical understanding of embeddedness levels.
目的本文旨在回顾移民创业文献，以定位研究人员如何在“嵌入”或“不嵌入”的二分法之外考虑对母国和东道国的嵌入。设计/方法论/方法本文进行了系统的文献综述。作者使用结构化搜索和选择协议在Scopus和Web of Science数据库中发现了106篇文章。发现很少有文章公开认为嵌入是一种渐进的现象。然而，综述中的文章使用了不同的方法来考虑嵌入性的相对水平，例如社会关系的深度。此外，一些文章从双重视角或多语境比较来认识移民企业家的嵌入水平。这些文章强调嵌入性是一种渐进的现象，以更好地理解移民企业家情境化的复杂性。在综述的基础上，本文开发了一个模型，将嵌入性视为移民参与特定家庭或东道国环境的空间、网络、市场和机构的一个新结果。它还解释了随着嵌入程度的变化，上下文因素之间的动态交互作用。研究局限性/含义该论文已在使用的数据库中找到了所有相关论文。然而，系统审查协议自然限制了其范围。尽管如此，基于该综述开发的模型有助于研究人员对嵌入性有更全面的理解，并可能提出新颖的问题。社会含义本文有助于政策制定者改进移民渐进社会融合的政策，因为它有助于考虑不同的嵌入水平。原创性/价值研究者主要认为个体的嵌入性是“嵌入的”或“不嵌入的”。然而，我们也可以理解不同层次的嵌入性，例如局部、增加/减少和渐进。在移民过程中，个人的嵌入性发生了重大变化。此外，随着时间的推移，背景关系将移民的创业活动交织在一起。本文回顾了移民创业文献中的嵌入性，超越了嵌入性的二分法使用。然后，它发展了对嵌入性水平的理论理解。
{"title":"Beyond embedded or not embedded: immigrant entrepreneurs’ embeddedness levels","authors":"Uǧur Yetkin, Deniz Tunçalp","doi":"10.1108/jec-05-2021-0075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-05-2021-0075","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to review the immigrant entrepreneurship literature to locate how researchers consider embeddedness to home and host countries beyond the “embedded” or “not” dichotomy.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The paper conducts a systematic literature review. The authors found 106 articles in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, using a structured search and selection protocol.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Few articles perceive embeddedness openly as a gradual phenomenon. However, articles in the review use different approaches for considering relative levels of embeddedness, such as depth of social ties. In addition, some articles take a dual perspective or make multi-contextual comparisons to acknowledge immigrant entrepreneurs’ embeddedness levels. These articles emphasise embeddedness as a gradual phenomenon to understand the complexity of immigrant entrepreneurs’ contextualisation better. Based on the review, the paper develops a model, considering embeddedness as an emergent result of the immigrants’ engagement with spaces, networks, markets and institutions of a given home or host context. It also accounts for the dynamic interaction between contextual factors as embeddedness levels change.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The paper has located all relevant papers in the used databases. However, the systematic review protocol naturally limits its scope. Nevertheless, the developed model based on the review helps researchers develop a more comprehensive understanding of embeddedness and possibly ask novel questions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000This paper can help policymakers improve their policies for the progressive social integration of immigrants, as it helps consider different embeddedness levels.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Researchers mainly consider individuals’ embeddedness as either “embedded” or “not.” However, we can also understand embeddedness at various levels, e.g. partial, increasing/decreasing and gradual. Significant changes occur in the embeddedness of individuals during immigration. Additionally, contextual relations intertwine immigrants’ entrepreneurial activity over time. The paper reviews embeddedness in the immigrant entrepreneurship literature, searching beyond the dichotomic use of embeddedness. Then, it develops a theoretical understanding of embeddedness levels.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45699168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1108/jec-09-2021-0141
A. Emami, Elahe Farshad Bakhshayesh, Gadaf Rexhepi
Purpose This paper aims to identify and examine the internal and external factors that e-business communities in Iran grapple with within value proposition design. Design/methodology/approach Although the world and global economy have been vastly affected by the financial crisis and the competitive market, most businesses and trade lines are growing significantly by the power of online marketing and e-trades. However, this process is somehow different in the Iranian market. Using literature review and combining it with the casual-comparative method, this study first reviews the literature on the business model and value proposition design and then shows the main challenges Iranian entrepreneurs face in starting their e-business, especially at the time of severe economic, political sanction. Findings This paper attests to two categories of external and internal obstacles to entrepreneurs in the country. Some internal challenges point to obstacles and problems such as poor infrastructure in technology and network equipment, the security of personal data exchanges, improper infrastructure, including the speed of the internet and its bandwidth limit and lack of programming expertise. In the case of external barriers, this paper addresses the economic sanctions and restrictions that have been imposed on internet businesses. Originality/value In this study, the authors intend to identify the challenges of internet businesses in Iran and provide effective solutions for creating new value propositions resulting in rapid and sustainable economic growth.
{"title":"Iranian communities e-business challenges and value proposition design","authors":"A. Emami, Elahe Farshad Bakhshayesh, Gadaf Rexhepi","doi":"10.1108/jec-09-2021-0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-09-2021-0141","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to identify and examine the internal and external factors that e-business communities in Iran grapple with within value proposition design.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Although the world and global economy have been vastly affected by the financial crisis and the competitive market, most businesses and trade lines are growing significantly by the power of online marketing and e-trades. However, this process is somehow different in the Iranian market. Using literature review and combining it with the casual-comparative method, this study first reviews the literature on the business model and value proposition design and then shows the main challenges Iranian entrepreneurs face in starting their e-business, especially at the time of severe economic, political sanction.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000This paper attests to two categories of external and internal obstacles to entrepreneurs in the country. Some internal challenges point to obstacles and problems such as poor infrastructure in technology and network equipment, the security of personal data exchanges, improper infrastructure, including the speed of the internet and its bandwidth limit and lack of programming expertise. In the case of external barriers, this paper addresses the economic sanctions and restrictions that have been imposed on internet businesses.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000In this study, the authors intend to identify the challenges of internet businesses in Iran and provide effective solutions for creating new value propositions resulting in rapid and sustainable economic growth.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43712413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1108/jec-08-2021-0131
Bob Ssekiziyivu, Rogers Mwesigwa, Eunice Kabahinda, Sharon Lakareber, Florence Nakajubi
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide the initial evidence on the role of business incubation (BI) in supporting startups and BI practices from developing communities in Uganda. Design/methodology/approach This study is cross-sectional and a triangulation of quantitative and qualitative data were used. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire and an interview guide from 28 incubators. Findings Results indicate that business incubators play different roles in communities such as business assistance, networking, provision of necessary infrastructure and provision of an enabling environment. Furthermore, BI practices were identified such as networking, human resource, tenant management and assessment practices. Research limitations/implications This study was cross-sectional and thus monitoring changes in behavior of incubatees overtime was not possible. The study was conducted in Uganda, and it is possible that the results of this study can be generalized to developing communities with environments similar to that of Uganda. Practical implications The results are important for business incubators in improving the sustainability of startups in Uganda. The study will enable business incubators to understand their role and incubator practices in as far as supporting small and medium-sized enterprises is concerned. Originality/value While there have been a number of studies on BI, this study provides an initial empirical evidence on the role of BI and BI practices using evidence from developing communities in Uganda.
{"title":"Strengthening business incubation practices among startup firms. Evidence from Ugandan communities","authors":"Bob Ssekiziyivu, Rogers Mwesigwa, Eunice Kabahinda, Sharon Lakareber, Florence Nakajubi","doi":"10.1108/jec-08-2021-0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-08-2021-0131","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide the initial evidence on the role of business incubation (BI) in supporting startups and BI practices from developing communities in Uganda. Design/methodology/approach This study is cross-sectional and a triangulation of quantitative and qualitative data were used. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire and an interview guide from 28 incubators. Findings Results indicate that business incubators play different roles in communities such as business assistance, networking, provision of necessary infrastructure and provision of an enabling environment. Furthermore, BI practices were identified such as networking, human resource, tenant management and assessment practices. Research limitations/implications This study was cross-sectional and thus monitoring changes in behavior of incubatees overtime was not possible. The study was conducted in Uganda, and it is possible that the results of this study can be generalized to developing communities with environments similar to that of Uganda. Practical implications The results are important for business incubators in improving the sustainability of startups in Uganda. The study will enable business incubators to understand their role and incubator practices in as far as supporting small and medium-sized enterprises is concerned. Originality/value While there have been a number of studies on BI, this study provides an initial empirical evidence on the role of BI and BI practices using evidence from developing communities in Uganda.","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43519699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-07DOI: 10.1108/jec-11-2021-0153
V. Hasani, Jusuf Zeqiri, Kumrije Gagica, Kimberly Gleason, Sadudin Ibraimi
Purpose This paper, in light of the theory of planned behavior, aims to analyze the factors that have an impact on entrepreneurial intentions among students in Kosovo. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire is administered online for data collection, and the analysis is conducted using structural equation modeling. Findings The authors find that in the context of Kosovo, personal attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control significantly impact entrepreneurial intention among students. However, the entrepreneurial education survey respondents received was unrelated to entrepreneurial intention of students in Kosovo. Originality/value The authors contribute to the literature regarding the role of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intention among students and graduates. In addition, the authors provide new evidence regarding the impact of personal attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on entrepreneurial intention in the context of a transition economy. Finally, the authors offer recommendations to educational institutions and policymakers concerning the appropriate design of entrepreneurial education.
{"title":"Education and enterprising profile of young community: evidence from a transition country","authors":"V. Hasani, Jusuf Zeqiri, Kumrije Gagica, Kimberly Gleason, Sadudin Ibraimi","doi":"10.1108/jec-11-2021-0153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-11-2021-0153","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper, in light of the theory of planned behavior, aims to analyze the factors that have an impact on entrepreneurial intentions among students in Kosovo.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A structured questionnaire is administered online for data collection, and the analysis is conducted using structural equation modeling.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The authors find that in the context of Kosovo, personal attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control significantly impact entrepreneurial intention among students. However, the entrepreneurial education survey respondents received was unrelated to entrepreneurial intention of students in Kosovo.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The authors contribute to the literature regarding the role of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intention among students and graduates. In addition, the authors provide new evidence regarding the impact of personal attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on entrepreneurial intention in the context of a transition economy. Finally, the authors offer recommendations to educational institutions and policymakers concerning the appropriate design of entrepreneurial education.\u0000","PeriodicalId":46489,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Enterprising Communities-People and Places in the Global Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49191438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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