Pub Date : 2022-12-31Epub Date: 2023-03-24DOI: 10.1075/is.21027.abb
Nida Itrat Abbasi, Micol Spitale, Peter B Jones, Hatice Gunes
During the last decade, children have shown an increasing need for mental wellbeing interventions due to their anxiety and depression issues, which the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated. Socially Assistive Robotics have been shown to have a great potential to support children with mental wellbeing-related issues. However, understanding how robots can be used to aid the measurement of these issues is still an open challenge. This paper presents a narrative review of child-robot interaction (cHRI) papers (IEEE ROMAN proceedings from 2016-2021 and keyword-based article search using Google Scholar) to investigate the open challenges and potential knowledge gaps in the evaluation of mental wellbeing or the assessment of factors affecting mental wellbeing in children. We exploited the SPIDER framework to search for the key elements for the inclusion of relevant studies. Findings from this work (10 screened papers in total) investigate the challenges in cHRI studies about mental wellbeing by categorising the current research in terms of robot-related factors (robot autonomy and type of robot), protocol-related factors (experiment purpose, tasks, participants and user sensing) and data related factors (analysis and findings). The main contribution of this work is to highlight the potential opportunities for cHRI researchers to carry out measurements concerning children's mental wellbeing.
{"title":"Measuring Mental Wellbeing of Children via Human-Robot Interaction: Challenges and Opportunities.","authors":"Nida Itrat Abbasi, Micol Spitale, Peter B Jones, Hatice Gunes","doi":"10.1075/is.21027.abb","DOIUrl":"10.1075/is.21027.abb","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the last decade, children have shown an increasing need for mental wellbeing interventions due to their anxiety and depression issues, which the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated. Socially Assistive Robotics have been shown to have a great potential to support children with mental wellbeing-related issues. However, understanding how robots can be used to aid the measurement of these issues is still an open challenge. This paper presents a narrative review of child-robot interaction (cHRI) papers (IEEE ROMAN proceedings from 2016-2021 and keyword-based article search using Google Scholar) to investigate the open challenges and potential knowledge gaps in the evaluation of mental wellbeing or the assessment of factors affecting mental wellbeing in children. We exploited the SPIDER framework to search for the key elements for the inclusion of relevant studies. Findings from this work (10 screened papers in total) investigate the challenges in cHRI studies about mental wellbeing by categorising the current research in terms of robot-related factors (robot autonomy and type of robot), protocol-related factors (experiment purpose, tasks, participants and user sensing) and data related factors (analysis and findings). The main contribution of this work is to highlight the potential opportunities for cHRI researchers to carry out measurements concerning children's mental wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":46494,"journal":{"name":"Interaction Studies","volume":" ","pages":"157-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7617098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44681030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ricarda Wullenkord, Jacqueline Bellon, Bruno Gransche, Sebastian Nähr-Wagener, F. Eyssel
Social appropriateness is an important topic – both in the human-human interaction (HHI), and in the human-machine interaction (HMI) context. As sociosensitive and socioactive assistance systems advance, the question arises whether a machine’s behavior should include considerations regarding social appropriateness. However, the concept of social appropriateness is difficult to define, as it is determined by multiple aspects. Thus, to date, a unified perspective, encompassing and combining multidisciplinary findings, is missing. When translating results from HHI to HMI, it remains unclear whether such insights into the dynamics of social appropriateness between humans may in fact apply to sociosensitive and socioactive assistance systems. To shed light on this matter, we propose the Five Factor Model of Social Appropriateness (FASA) which provides a multidisciplinary perspective on the notion of social appropriateness and its implementation into technical systems. Finally, we offer reflections on the applicability and ethics of the FASA Model, highlighting both strengths and limitations of the framework.
{"title":"Social appropriateness in HMI","authors":"Ricarda Wullenkord, Jacqueline Bellon, Bruno Gransche, Sebastian Nähr-Wagener, F. Eyssel","doi":"10.1075/is.22017.wul","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/is.22017.wul","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Social appropriateness is an important topic – both in the human-human interaction (HHI), and in the human-machine\u0000 interaction (HMI) context. As sociosensitive and socioactive assistance systems advance, the question arises whether a machine’s\u0000 behavior should include considerations regarding social appropriateness. However, the concept of social appropriateness is\u0000 difficult to define, as it is determined by multiple aspects. Thus, to date, a unified perspective, encompassing and combining\u0000 multidisciplinary findings, is missing. When translating results from HHI to HMI, it remains unclear whether such insights into\u0000 the dynamics of social appropriateness between humans may in fact apply to sociosensitive and socioactive assistance systems. To\u0000 shed light on this matter, we propose the Five Factor Model of Social Appropriateness (FASA) which provides a multidisciplinary\u0000 perspective on the notion of social appropriateness and its implementation into technical systems. Finally, we offer reflections\u0000 on the applicability and ethics of the FASA Model, highlighting both strengths and limitations of the framework.","PeriodicalId":46494,"journal":{"name":"Interaction Studies","volume":"337 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41309726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonio Andriella, R. Huertas-García, Santiago Forgas-Coll, Carme, Torras, G. Alenyà
In this article, we aim to evaluate the role of robots’ personality-driven behavioural patterns on users’ intention to use in an entertainment scenario. Toward such a goal, we designed two personalities: one introverted with an empathic and self-comparative interaction style, and the other extroverted with a provocative and other-comparative interaction style. To evaluate the proposed technology acceptance model, we conducted an experiment (N = 209) at a public venue where users were requested to play a game with the support of the TIAGo robot. Our findings show that the robot personality affects the acceptance model and three relevant drivers: perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, and social influence. The extroverted robot was perceived as more useful than the introverted, and participants who interacted with it were faster at solving the game. On the other hand, the introverted robot was perceived as more enjoyable but less useful than the extroverted, and participants who interacted with it made fewer mistakes. Taken together, these findings support the importance of designing proper robot personalities in influencing users’ acceptance, featuring that a given style can elicit a different driver of acceptance.
{"title":"“I know how you feel”","authors":"Antonio Andriella, R. Huertas-García, Santiago Forgas-Coll, Carme, Torras, G. Alenyà","doi":"10.1075/is.21019.and","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/is.21019.and","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this article, we aim to evaluate the role of robots’ personality-driven behavioural patterns on users’\u0000 intention to use in an entertainment scenario. Toward such a goal, we designed two personalities: one introverted with an empathic\u0000 and self-comparative interaction style, and the other extroverted with a provocative and other-comparative interaction style. To\u0000 evaluate the proposed technology acceptance model, we conducted an experiment (N = 209) at a public venue where\u0000 users were requested to play a game with the support of the TIAGo robot. Our findings show that the robot personality affects the\u0000 acceptance model and three relevant drivers: perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, and social influence. The extroverted\u0000 robot was perceived as more useful than the introverted, and participants who interacted with it were faster at solving the game.\u0000 On the other hand, the introverted robot was perceived as more enjoyable but less useful than the extroverted, and participants\u0000 who interacted with it made fewer mistakes. Taken together, these findings support the importance of designing proper robot\u0000 personalities in influencing users’ acceptance, featuring that a given style can elicit a different driver of acceptance.","PeriodicalId":46494,"journal":{"name":"Interaction Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47863087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many studies have shown that using robot platforms can be effective for teaching children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to compare performance on an imitation task, as well as focus attention levels and the presence of social behaviours of children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children during an imitation task under two different conditions, with robots and human demonstrators. The results suggested that TD children did not imitate more than children with ASD. Children with ASD did not imitate the robot more than they imitated a person, but they showed more focused attention to robots and expressed more social behaviours in interaction with the robots. Behaviours that were significantly more present in ASD children than in TD children included touching the robot in the robot demonstrator condition and focusing on the robot in the person demonstrator condition. This implies a possible preference of children with ASD towards robots rather than towards people.
{"title":"Imitation, focus of attention and social behaviours of children with autism spectrum disorder in interaction with\u0000 robots","authors":"Sanja Šimleša, J. Stosic, I. Bilić, Maja Cepanec","doi":"10.1075/is.21037.sim","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/is.21037.sim","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Many studies have shown that using robot platforms can be effective for teaching children with autism spectrum\u0000 disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to compare performance on an imitation task, as well as focus attention levels and the\u0000 presence of social behaviours of children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children during an imitation task under two\u0000 different conditions, with robots and human demonstrators. The results suggested that TD children did not imitate more than\u0000 children with ASD. Children with ASD did not imitate the robot more than they imitated a person, but they showed more focused\u0000 attention to robots and expressed more social behaviours in interaction with the robots. Behaviours that were significantly more\u0000 present in ASD children than in TD children included touching the robot in the robot demonstrator condition and focusing on the\u0000 robot in the person demonstrator condition. This implies a possible preference of children with ASD towards robots rather than\u0000 towards people.","PeriodicalId":46494,"journal":{"name":"Interaction Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47066451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite their potential for facilitating interaction between a user and computer, an embodied agent and voice command have not been examined enough for their matching effects. The current study proposes that an embodied agent and voice command generate positive evaluative outcomes, particularly when they are accompanied by each other. To test this prediction, we conducted a 2 (visual output: embodied agent vs. geometric figure) × 2 (input modality: voice command vs. remote controller) between-subjects experiment (N = 52), and examined whether visual output and input modality jointly influence participants’ social attribution (i.e., anthropomorphism, animacy, likability, and perceived intelligence), social presence, and satisfaction. Results show that voice command does facilitate users’ social attribution and social presence, but only when an embodied agent was presented. Also, the effects of voice command on social presence and satisfaction were mediated by anthropomorphism and perceived intelligence respectively, but only when the interface displayed an embodied agent. The present study evidences the holistic nature of human-computer interaction, revealing the importance of matches in the input and output interface.
{"title":"Interacting with an embodied interface","authors":"Kwan Min Lee, Jae-gil Lee, Y. Sah","doi":"10.1075/is.20030.lee","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/is.20030.lee","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Despite their potential for facilitating interaction between a user and computer, an embodied agent and voice command have\u0000 not been examined enough for their matching effects. The current study proposes that an embodied agent and voice command generate positive\u0000 evaluative outcomes, particularly when they are accompanied by each other. To test this prediction, we conducted a 2 (visual output:\u0000 embodied agent vs. geometric figure) × 2 (input modality: voice command vs. remote controller)\u0000 between-subjects experiment (N = 52), and examined whether visual output and input modality jointly influence participants’\u0000 social attribution (i.e., anthropomorphism, animacy, likability, and perceived intelligence), social presence, and satisfaction. Results\u0000 show that voice command does facilitate users’ social attribution and social presence, but only when an embodied agent was presented. Also,\u0000 the effects of voice command on social presence and satisfaction were mediated by anthropomorphism and perceived intelligence respectively,\u0000 but only when the interface displayed an embodied agent. The present study evidences the holistic nature of human-computer interaction,\u0000 revealing the importance of matches in the input and output interface.","PeriodicalId":46494,"journal":{"name":"Interaction Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47906140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Ibbotson (2020): What it Takes to Talk: Exploring Developmental Cognitive Linguistics","authors":"Yanyan Jiang, Shuqiong Wu","doi":"10.1075/is.22009.jia","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/is.22009.jia","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46494,"journal":{"name":"Interaction Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46842816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Games played on mobile phones or tablets have become a serious game platform. In the new International Classification of Diseases in 2019, the WHO now includes video game disorder as a mental disease, this highlights the seriousness of game addiction which has now become a global problem. Game design may be one of the factors that affect game addiction. Game playability can be used to evaluate the game design and to determine the features that can cause game addiction. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between playability and game addiction, and a comparison of the difference in playability among healthy players (N = 1286) and problematic players (N = 278) that allows game developers to design games in ways that may reduce addiction while maintaining or improving playability. In this study, 1564 valid questionnaires that collected data about the Game Playability Scale and the Game Addiction Scale showed that (1) The level of playability in the problematic players was significantly higher than in healthy players. (2) The degree of correlation between playability and game addiction in the problematic players was lower than in healthy players. (3) Some playability factors and addiction factors are negatively correlated.
{"title":"Differences in game playability between healthy players and problematic players","authors":"Elena Carolina Li","doi":"10.1075/is.21014.li","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/is.21014.li","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Games played on mobile phones or tablets have become a serious game platform. In the new International Classification of Diseases in 2019, the WHO now includes video game disorder as a mental disease, this highlights the seriousness of game addiction which has now become a global problem. Game design may be one of the factors that affect game addiction. Game playability can be used to evaluate the game design and to determine the features that can cause game addiction. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between playability and game addiction, and a comparison of the difference in playability among healthy players (N = 1286) and problematic players (N = 278) that allows game developers to design games in ways that may reduce addiction while maintaining or improving playability. In this study, 1564 valid questionnaires that collected data about the Game Playability Scale and the Game Addiction Scale showed that (1) The level of playability in the problematic players was significantly higher than in healthy players. (2) The degree of correlation between playability and game addiction in the problematic players was lower than in healthy players. (3) Some playability factors and addiction factors are negatively correlated.","PeriodicalId":46494,"journal":{"name":"Interaction Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45259234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Grynszpan, Julie Bouteiller, Séverine Grynszpan, Jean-Claude Martin, J. Nadel
Background: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have pronounced difficulties in attending to relevant visual information during social interactions. Method: We designed and evaluated the feasibility of a novel method to train this ability, by exposing participants to virtual human characters displayed on a screen which was entirely blurred, except for a gaze-contingent viewing window that followed participants’ eyes direction. The goal was to incite participants to direct their gaze towards the facial expressions of the virtual characters. Twenty-one adolescents with ASD who attended ordinary school were randomized to either an experimental group, who was trained during a month and a half, or to a control group. Social communicative abilities were assessed during pre, post and follow-up tests. Results: After training, the experimental group showed significantly more interest in facial expressions on a test which involved understanding a dialogue. Significant differences were not found for the other tests used. Conclusions: This outcome suggests that the training method fostered participants’ awareness of the relevance of facial expressions.
{"title":"Social gaze training for Autism Spectrum Disorder using eye-tracking and virtual humans","authors":"O. Grynszpan, Julie Bouteiller, Séverine Grynszpan, Jean-Claude Martin, J. Nadel","doi":"10.1075/is.21022.gry","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/is.21022.gry","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Background: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have pronounced difficulties in attending\u0000 to relevant visual information during social interactions. Method: We designed and evaluated the feasibility of a\u0000 novel method to train this ability, by exposing participants to virtual human characters displayed on a screen which was entirely\u0000 blurred, except for a gaze-contingent viewing window that followed participants’ eyes direction. The goal was to incite\u0000 participants to direct their gaze towards the facial expressions of the virtual characters. Twenty-one adolescents with ASD who\u0000 attended ordinary school were randomized to either an experimental group, who was trained during a month and a half, or to a\u0000 control group. Social communicative abilities were assessed during pre, post and follow-up tests. Results: After\u0000 training, the experimental group showed significantly more interest in facial expressions on a test which involved understanding a\u0000 dialogue. Significant differences were not found for the other tests used. Conclusions: This outcome suggests that\u0000 the training method fostered participants’ awareness of the relevance of facial expressions.","PeriodicalId":46494,"journal":{"name":"Interaction Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46866144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Aliasghari, M. Ghafurian, C. Nehaniv, K. Dautenhahn
How do we perceive robots practising a task that we have taught them? While learning, human trainees usually provide nonverbal cues that reveal their level of understanding and interest in the task. Similarly, nonverbal social cues of trainee robots that can be interpreted naturally by humans can enhance robot learning. In this article, we investigated a scenario in which a robot is practising a physical task in front of the human teachers (i.e., participants), who were asked to assume that they had previously taught the robot to perform that task. Through an online experiment with 167 participants, we examined the effects of different gaze patterns and arm movements with multiple speeds and various kinds of pauses on human teachers’ perception of different attributes of the robot. We found that the perception of a trainee robot’s attributes (e.g., confidence and eagerness to learn) can be systematically affected by its behaviours. Findings of this study can inform designing more successful nonverbal social interactions for intelligent robots.
{"title":"Impact of nonverbal robot behaviour on human teachers’ perceptions of a learner robot","authors":"P. Aliasghari, M. Ghafurian, C. Nehaniv, K. Dautenhahn","doi":"10.1075/is.20036.ali","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/is.20036.ali","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000How do we perceive robots practising a task that we have taught them? While learning, human trainees usually provide nonverbal cues that reveal their level of understanding and interest in the task. Similarly, nonverbal social cues of trainee robots that can be interpreted naturally by humans can enhance robot learning. In this article, we investigated a scenario in which a robot is practising a physical task in front of the human teachers (i.e., participants), who were asked to assume that they had previously taught the robot to perform that task. Through an online experiment with 167 participants, we examined the effects of different gaze patterns and arm movements with multiple speeds and various kinds of pauses on human teachers’ perception of different attributes of the robot. We found that the perception of a trainee robot’s attributes (e.g., confidence and eagerness to learn) can be systematically affected by its behaviours. Findings of this study can inform designing more successful nonverbal social interactions for intelligent robots.","PeriodicalId":46494,"journal":{"name":"Interaction Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45482681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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