{"title":"Unwritten Rule: State-Making through Land Reform in Cambodia by Alice Beban, Ithaka, NY, Cornell University Press, 2021, xiv + 242 pp.","authors":"Robin Biddulph","doi":"10.1111/deve.12308","DOIUrl":"10.1111/deve.12308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46525,"journal":{"name":"Developing Economies","volume":"60 2","pages":"101-104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91488203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rural areas in many developing countries lack an effective waste management system, leading to poor environmental hygiene. As an initial but integral step toward sustainable waste management, fostering better household compliance with waste-sorting regulation has become an important policy agenda. This paper devotes attention to evaluating the effectiveness of extrinsic incentives, more specifically, reward–penalty schemes, on promoting rural households' participation in waste sorting. By exploiting an original survey of 1,058 rural households conducted in the Taihu Basin of China, we empirically find that (1) reward–penalty scheme considerably promotes rural households' engagement with waste sorting; (2) the more stringently the scheme is implemented, the higher the probabilities of more frequent sorting; and (3) point reward, which can be exchanged for vouchers used in local stores, is the most effective extrinsic incentive for promoting waste sorting. The findings provide insights for enhancing rural waste sorting in the developing world.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Extrinsic Incentives for Promoting Rural Waste Sorting in Developing Countries: Evidence from China","authors":"Aidong Zhao, Limin Zhang, Xianlei Ma, Fugang Gao, Honggen Zhu","doi":"10.1111/deve.12310","DOIUrl":"10.1111/deve.12310","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rural areas in many developing countries lack an effective waste management system, leading to poor environmental hygiene. As an initial but integral step toward sustainable waste management, fostering better household compliance with waste-sorting regulation has become an important policy agenda. This paper devotes attention to evaluating the effectiveness of extrinsic incentives, more specifically, reward–penalty schemes, on promoting rural households' participation in waste sorting. By exploiting an original survey of 1,058 rural households conducted in the Taihu Basin of China, we empirically find that (1) reward–penalty scheme considerably promotes rural households' engagement with waste sorting; (2) the more stringently the scheme is implemented, the higher the probabilities of more frequent sorting; and (3) point reward, which can be exchanged for vouchers used in local stores, is the most effective extrinsic incentive for promoting waste sorting. The findings provide insights for enhancing rural waste sorting in the developing world.</p>","PeriodicalId":46525,"journal":{"name":"Developing Economies","volume":"60 3","pages":"123-154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85535792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are inconclusive findings on the causal effect of land reform and its crucial channels in the development economics literature. One challenge is to separate the channels, through which land rights operate. This study examines the impact of redistributive land reform in post–World War II Japan on agricultural productivity and investments. This reform imposed a ceiling on landholdings, redistributed above-ceiling farmland from landlords to tenants, and severely restricted the transferability of redistributed farmland. Thus, we can focus on the tenure security effect (not the tradability and pledgeability effects) as one probable channel. Using rice-farm panel data before and after the reform (i.e., 1947 and 1948), we exploit the variation in the reform implementation across tenants. The land reform had little effect on total factor productivity and investment in the subsequent season. Our results suggest that the security dimension of land rights alone does not increase short-run agricultural productivity.
{"title":"Do partial land rights increase productivity and investment? evidence from the redistributive land reform in post–world war II Japan","authors":"Taisuke Takayama, Hirotaka Matsuda, Tomoaki Nakatani, Kuniaki Saito","doi":"10.1111/deve.12309","DOIUrl":"10.1111/deve.12309","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There are inconclusive findings on the causal effect of land reform and its crucial channels in the development economics literature. One challenge is to separate the channels, through which land rights operate. This study examines the impact of redistributive land reform in post–World War II Japan on agricultural productivity and investments. This reform imposed a ceiling on landholdings, redistributed above-ceiling farmland from landlords to tenants, and severely restricted the transferability of redistributed farmland. Thus, we can focus on the tenure security effect (not the tradability and pledgeability effects) as one probable channel. Using rice-farm panel data before and after the reform (i.e., 1947 and 1948), we exploit the variation in the reform implementation across tenants. The land reform had little effect on total factor productivity and investment in the subsequent season. Our results suggest that the security dimension of land rights alone does not increase short-run agricultural productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46525,"journal":{"name":"Developing Economies","volume":"60 2","pages":"77-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85897457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mobility as Capability: Women in the Indian Informal Economy by Nikhila Menon, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2021, xv + 196 pp.","authors":"Arup Mitra","doi":"10.1111/deve.12306","DOIUrl":"10.1111/deve.12306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46525,"journal":{"name":"Developing Economies","volume":"60 2","pages":"110-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82291626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Universities in the Knowledge Society: The Nexus of National Systems of Innovation and Higher Education edited by Timo Aarrevaara, Martin Finkelstein, Glen A. Jones, and Jisun Jung, Cham, Springer, 2021, ix + 434 pp.","authors":"Jandhyala B G Tilak","doi":"10.1111/deve.12305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/deve.12305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46525,"journal":{"name":"Developing Economies","volume":"60 2","pages":"107-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137873091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Whose Islam? The Western University and Modern Islamic Thought in Indonesia by Megan Brankley Abbas,Stanford, CA,Stanford University Press, 2021, xvii + 255 pp.","authors":"Philip Fountain","doi":"10.1111/deve.12304","DOIUrl":"10.1111/deve.12304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46525,"journal":{"name":"Developing Economies","volume":"60 2","pages":"104-107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82890591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Origins and Evolution of Environmental Policies: State, Time and Regional Experiences edited by Tadayoshi Terao and Tsuruyo Funatsu, Cheltenham, Edward Elgar, 2021, xi + 177 pp.","authors":"Soocheol Lee","doi":"10.1111/deve.12301","DOIUrl":"10.1111/deve.12301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46525,"journal":{"name":"Developing Economies","volume":"60 1","pages":"68-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78135098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meritocracy and Its Discontents: Anxiety and the National College Entrance Exam in China by Zachary M. Howlett, Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Press, 2021, xiv + 266 pp.","authors":"Xu Zhao","doi":"10.1111/deve.12300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/deve.12300","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46525,"journal":{"name":"Developing Economies","volume":"60 1","pages":"65-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137669301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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