Pub Date : 2019-12-05DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001791
S. Geyer
M oline et al 1 wrote, ‘‘Exposure to asbestos-contaminated talcum powders can cause [my emphasis] mesothelioma’’ but they failed to provide epidemiologic evidence or apply epidemiologic methods to support their assertion. The authors describe 33 individuals in whom mesothelioma developed following the reported use of cosmetic talcum powder. Tissue digestion and fiber burden analysis, ‘‘done according to standard methodology,’’ was reported in six individuals. The authors claim ‘‘[t]alcum powder usage was the only source of asbestos for all 33 cases.’’ The statement presumes, in the absence of proof, that talcum powder caused asbestos exposure in of the reported cases. Moline et al claim that tissue digestion and asbestos fiber analysis were performed ‘‘according to standard methodology.’’ The authors cite two publications as the source documents describing the ‘‘standard methodology’’ (their references 23 and 33). Neither reference describes a standard methodology, that is, a method accepted as correct by custom, consent, or authority or a criterion for measuring acceptability, quality, or accuracy. The paper’s use of the term ‘‘standard’’ creates ambiguity because a standard method for tissue fiber burden analysis has not been adopted by any professional society or published in peer-reviewed literature and generally accepted by individuals who perform fiber
M oline等人1写道，“接触石棉污染的滑石粉会导致间皮瘤”，但他们未能提供流行病学证据或应用流行病学方法来支持他们的断言。作者描述了33个在使用化妆品滑石粉后发生间皮瘤的个体。组织消化和纤维负荷分析，“按照标准方法完成”，报告了六个人。作者声称:“在所有33个案例中，使用明矾粉是石棉的唯一来源。“在缺乏证据的情况下，声明假设滑石粉在报告的病例中导致石棉暴露。Moline等人声称组织消化和石棉纤维分析是“按照标准方法”进行的。作者引用了两份出版物作为描述“标准方法”的原始文件(参考文献23和33)。这两个参考文献都没有描述一个标准的方法论，也就是说，一个被习惯、同意或权威认可为正确的方法，或者一个衡量可接受性、质量或准确性的标准。该论文使用“标准”一词造成了歧义，因为组织纤维负荷分析的标准方法尚未被任何专业协会采用，也未在同行评议的文献中发表，也未被执行纤维的个人普遍接受
{"title":"Evidence Does Not Support Exposure to Cosmetic Talc as Cause of Malignant Mesothelioma.","authors":"S. Geyer","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001791","url":null,"abstract":"M oline et al 1 wrote, ‘‘Exposure to asbestos-contaminated talcum powders can cause [my emphasis] mesothelioma’’ but they failed to provide epidemiologic evidence or apply epidemiologic methods to support their assertion. The authors describe 33 individuals in whom mesothelioma developed following the reported use of cosmetic talcum powder. Tissue digestion and fiber burden analysis, ‘‘done according to standard methodology,’’ was reported in six individuals. The authors claim ‘‘[t]alcum powder usage was the only source of asbestos for all 33 cases.’’ The statement presumes, in the absence of proof, that talcum powder caused asbestos exposure in of the reported cases. Moline et al claim that tissue digestion and asbestos fiber analysis were performed ‘‘according to standard methodology.’’ The authors cite two publications as the source documents describing the ‘‘standard methodology’’ (their references 23 and 33). Neither reference describes a standard methodology, that is, a method accepted as correct by custom, consent, or authority or a criterion for measuring acceptability, quality, or accuracy. The paper’s use of the term ‘‘standard’’ creates ambiguity because a standard method for tissue fiber burden analysis has not been adopted by any professional society or published in peer-reviewed literature and generally accepted by individuals who perform fiber","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78630342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-05DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001792
Susan E. Peters, K. Nielsen, E. Nagler, Anna Revette, Jennifer R. Madden, Glorian Sorensen
OBJECTIVE Food-service workers' health and wellbeing is impacted by their jobs and work environments. Formative research methods were used to explore working conditions impacting workers' health to inform intervention planning and implementation and to enhance the intervention's 'fit' to the organization. METHODS Four qualitative methods (worker focus groups; manager interviews; worksite observations; multi-stakeholder workshop) explored in-depth and then prioritized working conditions impacting workers' health as targets for an intervention. RESULTS Prioritized working conditions included: ergonomics; work intensity; career development and job enrichment. Data revealed necessary intervention mechanisms to enhance intervention implementation: worker and management communication infrastructure; employee participation in intervention planning and implementation; tailored worksite strategies; and ensuring leadership commitment. CONCLUSIONS These targeted, comprehensive methods move away from a typical focus on generic working conditions, e.g. job demands and physical work environment, to explore those conditions unique to an organization. Thereby, enhancing 'intervention-fit' at multiple levels within the company context.
{"title":"Ensuring Organization-Intervention Fit for a Participatory Organizational Intervention to Improve Food Service Workers' Health and Wellbeing: Workplace Organizational Health Study.","authors":"Susan E. Peters, K. Nielsen, E. Nagler, Anna Revette, Jennifer R. Madden, Glorian Sorensen","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001792","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000Food-service workers' health and wellbeing is impacted by their jobs and work environments. Formative research methods were used to explore working conditions impacting workers' health to inform intervention planning and implementation and to enhance the intervention's 'fit' to the organization.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Four qualitative methods (worker focus groups; manager interviews; worksite observations; multi-stakeholder workshop) explored in-depth and then prioritized working conditions impacting workers' health as targets for an intervention.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Prioritized working conditions included: ergonomics; work intensity; career development and job enrichment. Data revealed necessary intervention mechanisms to enhance intervention implementation: worker and management communication infrastructure; employee participation in intervention planning and implementation; tailored worksite strategies; and ensuring leadership commitment.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000These targeted, comprehensive methods move away from a typical focus on generic working conditions, e.g. job demands and physical work environment, to explore those conditions unique to an organization. Thereby, enhancing 'intervention-fit' at multiple levels within the company context.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90072831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001748
J. Arnetz, Sukhesh Sudan, Courtney M Goetz, S. Counts, J. Beck, B. Arnetz
W e are grateful to Huijun Zhao et al for the thoughtful comments on our recent article, ‘‘Nurse Work Environment and Stress Biomarkers: Possible Implications for Patient Outcomes.’’ They point out several technical details regarding the biomarkers that require clarification. First, the study procedures section failed to specify that it was serum that was used for the analysis rather than whole blood or plasma. We also inadvertently omitted the units and detection ranges of the cytokine biomarkers in our study. These were as follows:
{"title":"Response to Letter to the Editor \"Biomarkers determination of the nurse in various work environments\".","authors":"J. Arnetz, Sukhesh Sudan, Courtney M Goetz, S. Counts, J. Beck, B. Arnetz","doi":"10.1097/jom.0000000000001748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jom.0000000000001748","url":null,"abstract":"W e are grateful to Huijun Zhao et al for the thoughtful comments on our recent article, ‘‘Nurse Work Environment and Stress Biomarkers: Possible Implications for Patient Outcomes.’’ They point out several technical details regarding the biomarkers that require clarification. First, the study procedures section failed to specify that it was serum that was used for the analysis rather than whole blood or plasma. We also inadvertently omitted the units and detection ranges of the cytokine biomarkers in our study. These were as follows:","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75262156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001714
Christine D. Hsu, Fayaz Momin, Judy Wendt Hess, M. F. de Carvalho
OBJECTIVE Smoking is a potential confounder in studies of workplace exposures and smoking-related disease, but little data exist to quantitatively adjust for smoking in statistical models. METHODS We estimated smoking prevalence trends between 1950-1999 for 12,299 female and 43,307 male hourly and salaried petrochemical workers using company physical exam data. RESULTS Nearly half of hourly male and female employees smoked during the study period, compared to 38% of salaried males and 29% of females. Smoking prevalence in the 1950 s reached 80% and 66% among female and male hourly workers, respectively, significantly higher than the US general population. CONCLUSIONS Since hourly workers typically comprise higher exposure groups and expected case counts are typically generated from the US general population, biased risk estimates may result from standardized mortality ratio analyses if smoking rate differences not accounted for.
{"title":"Trends in Cigarette Smoking Prevalence Among Refinery and Petrochemical Plant Workers, 1950-1999.","authors":"Christine D. Hsu, Fayaz Momin, Judy Wendt Hess, M. F. de Carvalho","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001714","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000Smoking is a potential confounder in studies of workplace exposures and smoking-related disease, but little data exist to quantitatively adjust for smoking in statistical models.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We estimated smoking prevalence trends between 1950-1999 for 12,299 female and 43,307 male hourly and salaried petrochemical workers using company physical exam data.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Nearly half of hourly male and female employees smoked during the study period, compared to 38% of salaried males and 29% of females. Smoking prevalence in the 1950 s reached 80% and 66% among female and male hourly workers, respectively, significantly higher than the US general population.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Since hourly workers typically comprise higher exposure groups and expected case counts are typically generated from the US general population, biased risk estimates may result from standardized mortality ratio analyses if smoking rate differences not accounted for.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85489266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001647
M. Smith, K. Uppal, D. Walker, M. Utell, P. Hopke, Timothy M Mallon, Pamela L Krahl, Patricia Rohrbeck, Y. Go, Dean P. Jones
OBJECTIVE A study was conducted using serum samples and high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) to test for changes in abundance of environmental chemicals in deployment in high-risk areas (Balad, Iraq; Bagram, Afghanistan). METHODS Pre and Post-deployment serum samples for deployment (cases) and matched controls stationed domestically were analyzed by HRM and bioinformatics for the relative abundance of 271 environmental chemicals. RESULTS Of the 271 chemicals, 153 were measurable in at least 80% of the samples in one of the pre- or post-deployment groups. Several pesticides and other chemicals were modestly elevated post-deployment in the Control as well as the Bagram and Balad samples. Similarly, small decreases were seen for some chemicals. CONCLUSION These results using serum samples show that for the 271 environmental chemicals studied, 56% were detected and small differences occurred with deployment to high-risk areas.
{"title":"Environmental Chemicals Altered in Association With Deployment for High Risk Areas.","authors":"M. Smith, K. Uppal, D. Walker, M. Utell, P. Hopke, Timothy M Mallon, Pamela L Krahl, Patricia Rohrbeck, Y. Go, Dean P. Jones","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001647","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000A study was conducted using serum samples and high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) to test for changes in abundance of environmental chemicals in deployment in high-risk areas (Balad, Iraq; Bagram, Afghanistan).\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Pre and Post-deployment serum samples for deployment (cases) and matched controls stationed domestically were analyzed by HRM and bioinformatics for the relative abundance of 271 environmental chemicals.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Of the 271 chemicals, 153 were measurable in at least 80% of the samples in one of the pre- or post-deployment groups. Several pesticides and other chemicals were modestly elevated post-deployment in the Control as well as the Bagram and Balad samples. Similarly, small decreases were seen for some chemicals.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000These results using serum samples show that for the 271 environmental chemicals studied, 56% were detected and small differences occurred with deployment to high-risk areas.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89837870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001715
T. Thatcher, C. Woeller, J. Thakar, Atif Khan, P. Hopke, M. Smith, K. Uppal, D. Walker, Y. Go, Dean P. Jones, Pamela L Krahl, Timothy M Mallon, P. Sime, R. Phipps, M. Utell
OBJECTIVE The potential health risks of deployment to sites with open burn pits remain poorly understood, in part, because personal exposure monitoring was not performed. Here, we investigated whether postdeployment serum samples contain biomarkers associated with exposure to burn pits. METHODS A total of 237 biomarkers were measured in 800 serum samples from deployed and never-deployed subjects. We used a regression model and a supervised vector machine to identify serum biomarkers with significant associations with exposures and deployment. RESULTS We identified 101 serum biomarkers associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins or furans, and 54 biomarkers associated with deployment. Twenty-six of these biomarkers were shared in common by the exposure and deployment groups. CONCLUSIONS We identify a potential signature of exposure to open burn pits, and provide a framework for using postexposure sera to identify exposures when contemporaneous monitoring was inadequate.
{"title":"Analysis of Postdeployment Serum Samples Identifies Potential Biomarkers of Exposure to Burn Pits and Other Environmental Hazards.","authors":"T. Thatcher, C. Woeller, J. Thakar, Atif Khan, P. Hopke, M. Smith, K. Uppal, D. Walker, Y. Go, Dean P. Jones, Pamela L Krahl, Timothy M Mallon, P. Sime, R. Phipps, M. Utell","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001715","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000The potential health risks of deployment to sites with open burn pits remain poorly understood, in part, because personal exposure monitoring was not performed. Here, we investigated whether postdeployment serum samples contain biomarkers associated with exposure to burn pits.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A total of 237 biomarkers were measured in 800 serum samples from deployed and never-deployed subjects. We used a regression model and a supervised vector machine to identify serum biomarkers with significant associations with exposures and deployment.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000We identified 101 serum biomarkers associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins or furans, and 54 biomarkers associated with deployment. Twenty-six of these biomarkers were shared in common by the exposure and deployment groups.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000We identify a potential signature of exposure to open burn pits, and provide a framework for using postexposure sera to identify exposures when contemporaneous monitoring was inadequate.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86891805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001726
Tom Duchemin, Avner Bar-Hen, R. Lounissi, W. Dab, M. Hocine
W e thank the Dr Tomoyuki Kawada for his relevant remarks, which give us the opportunity to clarify the objectives and conclusions of our article. Our article does not pretend to consider all the different possible interventions that could impact the occurrence of sick leave spells and therefore does not contradict the studies mentioned by Dr Tomoyuki Kawada. Those examples are in fact very relevant and it is worth recalling them. The main objective of our article is to show the interest of random forest methods in the occupational health context, especially in the context of surveys with a wide range of questions. Sick leaves are indeed determined by many processes and usual statistical methods cannot capture all these effects satisfactorily.
{"title":"Response to Predictors of Long-Term Sick Leave In The Workplace.","authors":"Tom Duchemin, Avner Bar-Hen, R. Lounissi, W. Dab, M. Hocine","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001726","url":null,"abstract":"W e thank the Dr Tomoyuki Kawada for his relevant remarks, which give us the opportunity to clarify the objectives and conclusions of our article. Our article does not pretend to consider all the different possible interventions that could impact the occurrence of sick leave spells and therefore does not contradict the studies mentioned by Dr Tomoyuki Kawada. Those examples are in fact very relevant and it is worth recalling them. The main objective of our article is to show the interest of random forest methods in the occupational health context, especially in the context of surveys with a wide range of questions. Sick leaves are indeed determined by many processes and usual statistical methods cannot capture all these effects satisfactorily.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84834549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001708
T. Kottke, M. Lowry, Juliana O. Tillema, J. Ziegenfuss, Meghan M. JaKa, Kevin D Campbell, Jason M. Gallagher, Chad C Heim, N. Pronk, Susan M. Knudson
OBJECTIVE To better understand, in a commercially-insured population, the potential impact of adopting six health-promoting behaviors relative to treating diseases and conditions. METHODS We combined survey and insurance claims data to compare the potential benefit from adopting behaviors relative to the burden from 27 groups of diseases and conditions. RESULTS If every member adopted all six behaviors, an 11.6% reduction in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) might be expected, and a 7.6% reduction in DALYs might be expected if they adopted the one most impactful behavior that they did not currently practice. These amounts are respectively greater than the DALYs attributed to all but the two and five most burdensome groups of diseases and conditions in this population. CONCLUSION The potential impact of adopting health-promoting behaviors is large relative to the burden from most medical conditions.
{"title":"The Predicted Impact of Adopting Health-Promoting Behaviors on Disease Burden in a Commercially-Insured Population.","authors":"T. Kottke, M. Lowry, Juliana O. Tillema, J. Ziegenfuss, Meghan M. JaKa, Kevin D Campbell, Jason M. Gallagher, Chad C Heim, N. Pronk, Susan M. Knudson","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001708","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To better understand, in a commercially-insured population, the potential impact of adopting six health-promoting behaviors relative to treating diseases and conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We combined survey and insurance claims data to compare the potential benefit from adopting behaviors relative to the burden from 27 groups of diseases and conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000If every member adopted all six behaviors, an 11.6% reduction in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) might be expected, and a 7.6% reduction in DALYs might be expected if they adopted the one most impactful behavior that they did not currently practice. These amounts are respectively greater than the DALYs attributed to all but the two and five most burdensome groups of diseases and conditions in this population.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The potential impact of adopting health-promoting behaviors is large relative to the burden from most medical conditions.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81663570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001669
M. Smith, C. Woeller, K. Uppal, T. Thatcher, D. Walker, P. Hopke, Patricia Rohrbeck, Timothy M Mallon, Pamela L Krahl, M. Utell, Y. Go, Dean P. Jones
OBJECTIVE A study was conducted to identify metabolic-related effects of benzo(ghi)perylene (BghiP) and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (HpCDD), on primary human fibroblasts to verify biological associations previously found in occupational health research. METHODS Human lung fibroblasts were exposed to BghiP or HpCDD and extracts were analyzed with a metabolome-wide association study to test for pathways and metabolites altered relative to controls. Gene expression was measured by quantitative-real time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Metabolic perturbations in amino-acid, oxidative stress, and fatty-acid pathways were observed for BghiP and HpCDD. HpCDD but not BghiP exposure increased gene expression of the amino acid transporters SLC7A5 and SLC7A11. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) or dioxins perturbs amino acid pathways at physiologically relevant concentrations with different mechanisms. These findings imply an effect on central homeostatic systems by environmental exposures which could have implications on disease susceptibility.
{"title":"Associations of Benzo(ghi)perylene and Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Serum of Service Personnel Deployed to Balad, Iraq, and Bagram, Afghanistan Correlates With Perturbed Amino Acid Metabolism in Human Lung Fibroblasts.","authors":"M. Smith, C. Woeller, K. Uppal, T. Thatcher, D. Walker, P. Hopke, Patricia Rohrbeck, Timothy M Mallon, Pamela L Krahl, M. Utell, Y. Go, Dean P. Jones","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001669","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000A study was conducted to identify metabolic-related effects of benzo(ghi)perylene (BghiP) and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (HpCDD), on primary human fibroblasts to verify biological associations previously found in occupational health research.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Human lung fibroblasts were exposed to BghiP or HpCDD and extracts were analyzed with a metabolome-wide association study to test for pathways and metabolites altered relative to controls. Gene expression was measured by quantitative-real time polymerase chain reaction.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Metabolic perturbations in amino-acid, oxidative stress, and fatty-acid pathways were observed for BghiP and HpCDD. HpCDD but not BghiP exposure increased gene expression of the amino acid transporters SLC7A5 and SLC7A11.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) or dioxins perturbs amino acid pathways at physiologically relevant concentrations with different mechanisms. These findings imply an effect on central homeostatic systems by environmental exposures which could have implications on disease susceptibility.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91058919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001695
R. Zadeh, A. Owora, Y. Pham, N. Jiang
OBJECTIVE Suboptimal alertness and sleepiness impact work performance, health, and safety in many industries. We aimed to identify key environmental factors that workers view as supportive for reducing sleepiness and to examine the relationship between worker and job characteristics and identified sleepiness remedies. METHODS We conducted a mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) cross-sectional study analyzing data from a representative sample of 496 workers in New York State. RESULTS Changing air ventilation (29.2%), natural lighting (17.1%), and room temperature (14.9%) were the environmental strategies deemed most important for managing workplace sleepiness. Strategy selection differed by sociodemographic (income and education) and job characteristics (indoor/outdoor, sedentary/mobile, and cognitive/physical labor). CONCLUSIONS Customization of workplace environmental factors in a manner cognizant of workers' needs and sociodemographic and job characteristics could increase the use of evidence-based strategies to reduce sleepiness.
{"title":"Sociodemographic and Job Characteristics Influence Environmental Strategies Used to Manage Workplace Sleepiness.","authors":"R. Zadeh, A. Owora, Y. Pham, N. Jiang","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001695","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000Suboptimal alertness and sleepiness impact work performance, health, and safety in many industries. We aimed to identify key environmental factors that workers view as supportive for reducing sleepiness and to examine the relationship between worker and job characteristics and identified sleepiness remedies.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted a mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) cross-sectional study analyzing data from a representative sample of 496 workers in New York State.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Changing air ventilation (29.2%), natural lighting (17.1%), and room temperature (14.9%) were the environmental strategies deemed most important for managing workplace sleepiness. Strategy selection differed by sociodemographic (income and education) and job characteristics (indoor/outdoor, sedentary/mobile, and cognitive/physical labor).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Customization of workplace environmental factors in a manner cognizant of workers' needs and sociodemographic and job characteristics could increase the use of evidence-based strategies to reduce sleepiness.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79028930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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