Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.15
L. Lacomba-Trejo, S. Valero-Moreno, María Fernanda Coello, Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla, M. Pérez-Marín
Introduction/Objectives: COVID-19 has had a significant emotional impact on people’s lives, especially adolescents. Therefore, the aim was to assess the predictors of suicide risk during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents in Ecuador by means of a longitudinal study. Method: The application of a longitudinal design with two measures: before the start of the pandemic and one year afterwards. The sample consisted of 137 adolescents between 12-18 years of age. The variables analysed were mental health, the risk of suicide and self-esteem. Statistical analyses were performed using mean comparison, correlations, QCA models and mediation models. Results: The results indicated higher levels of anxiety and stress after one year of the pandemic. In addition, a higher risk of suicide following the pandemic was observed in those adolescents with higher scores in emotional symptomatology and lowself-esteem. QCA models and mediation models highlighted the importance of self-esteem as a protective variable between pre-COVID-19 suicide risk and emotional symptomatology and post-COVID-19 suicide risk. Conclusions: This study highlights adolescents’ level of vulnerability to the pandemic and its significant psychological impact. It is important to detect which factors function as risks and which as protection against COVID-19 in order to implement intervention programmes that target these aspects and ensure better adolescent well-being.
{"title":"Mental health, suicide risk and the important role of self-esteem in adolescents before and during coexistence with COVID-19 in Ecuador","authors":"L. Lacomba-Trejo, S. Valero-Moreno, María Fernanda Coello, Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla, M. Pérez-Marín","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.15","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction/Objectives: COVID-19 has had a significant emotional impact on people’s lives, especially adolescents. Therefore, the aim was to assess the predictors of suicide risk during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents in Ecuador by means of a longitudinal study. Method: The application of a longitudinal design with two measures: before the start of the pandemic and one year afterwards. The sample consisted of 137 adolescents between 12-18 years of age. The variables analysed were mental health, the risk of suicide and self-esteem. Statistical analyses were performed using mean comparison, correlations, QCA models and mediation models. Results: The results indicated higher levels of anxiety and stress after one year of the pandemic. In addition, a higher risk of suicide following the pandemic was observed in those adolescents with higher scores in emotional symptomatology and lowself-esteem. QCA models and mediation models highlighted the importance of self-esteem as a protective variable between pre-COVID-19 suicide risk and emotional symptomatology and post-COVID-19 suicide risk. Conclusions: This study highlights adolescents’ level of vulnerability to the pandemic and its significant psychological impact. It is important to detect which factors function as risks and which as protection against COVID-19 in order to implement intervention programmes that target these aspects and ensure better adolescent well-being.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67071777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.12
Francisco Miguel Soler-Martínez, Efraín García‐Sánchez, G. Willis
Introduction: Income inequality is often tolerated and justified, but when it brings about disparities in other domains of life (e.g., health or education), it may be seen with different eyes. In this research, we aimed to explore concerns regarding economic inequality in health, education, and income, and its relationship to supporting collective actions to reduce inequality. Method: We used survey data (N = 20,204, 18 countries) from the Latinobarometer 2020. We conducted descriptive analyses, latent class analyses, and analyses of multilevel linear regression to test our hypothesis. Results: We found that people were more concerned about health access and education opportunities than income inequality. We also identified two classes of people: one class concerned about education and health and the other unconcerned about inequality in any domain. In addition, results showed that all concerns and class membership predicted greater support of collective actions to reduce inequality. Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that concerns about education and health disparities may serve to increase awareness of overall inequality and mobilise the public.
{"title":"Concerns About Inequality in Health, Education and Income Jointly Predict Collective Actions","authors":"Francisco Miguel Soler-Martínez, Efraín García‐Sánchez, G. Willis","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.12","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Income inequality is often tolerated and justified, but when it brings about disparities in other domains of life (e.g., health or education), it may be seen with different eyes. In this research, we aimed to explore concerns regarding economic inequality in health, education, and income, and its relationship to supporting collective actions to reduce inequality. Method: We used survey data (N = 20,204, 18 countries) from the Latinobarometer 2020. We conducted descriptive analyses, latent class analyses, and analyses of multilevel linear regression to test our hypothesis. Results: We found that people were more concerned about health access and education opportunities than income inequality. We also identified two classes of people: one class concerned about education and health and the other unconcerned about inequality in any domain. In addition, results showed that all concerns and class membership predicted greater support of collective actions to reduce inequality. Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that concerns about education and health disparities may serve to increase awareness of overall inequality and mobilise the public.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67071693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.23
Martha Lucía Orozco Gómez, Radu Bogdan Toma, José Luis Cuesta Gómez, María Merino Martínez
Background: High-ability students require effective educational strategies. This study introduces and evaluates a curriculum enrichment programme aimed at enhancing creativity. The programme is based on a competency framework and was implemented using variations of Project-Based Learning (PBL) strategies. Method: A quasi-experimental design compared two interventions using pre-test and post-test groups. The first intervention (N = 38) involved a 12-week PBL unit focused on designing a video game using block-based programming through Scratch. The second intervention (N = 51), also lasting 12 weeks, comprised three separate projects involving vectorial design and programming of an Arduino-based robot. Both interventions used strategies for creative-thinking development. The sample included high-ability students from 8 to 12 years of age. Results: Both interventions significantly increased creativity, with no statistical differences between them. This suggests that both types of PBL interventions effectively improved participants’ creativity. Conclusions: This study suggests that PBL-based curricular enrichment programmes are effective in fostering creativity among high-ability students.
{"title":"UBUIngenio: extracurricular enrichment programme for the improvement of high ability students’ creative thinking","authors":"Martha Lucía Orozco Gómez, Radu Bogdan Toma, José Luis Cuesta Gómez, María Merino Martínez","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High-ability students require effective educational strategies. This study introduces and evaluates a curriculum enrichment programme aimed at enhancing creativity. The programme is based on a competency framework and was implemented using variations of Project-Based Learning (PBL) strategies. Method: A quasi-experimental design compared two interventions using pre-test and post-test groups. The first intervention (N = 38) involved a 12-week PBL unit focused on designing a video game using block-based programming through Scratch. The second intervention (N = 51), also lasting 12 weeks, comprised three separate projects involving vectorial design and programming of an Arduino-based robot. Both interventions used strategies for creative-thinking development. The sample included high-ability students from 8 to 12 years of age. Results: Both interventions significantly increased creativity, with no statistical differences between them. This suggests that both types of PBL interventions effectively improved participants’ creativity. Conclusions: This study suggests that PBL-based curricular enrichment programmes are effective in fostering creativity among high-ability students.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.11
Rodrigo Landabur, Diego D. Henriquez
Introducción: el contacto intergrupal es un buen predictor de las actitudes positivas hacia otros grupos, relación que podría ser explicada por una menor ansiedad intergrupal. Estas asociaciones han sido analizadas entre distintos grupos, como la nacionalidad o la religión. Sin embargo, el contacto y las actitudes entre clases sociales han sido escasamente explorados. Por este motivo, analizamos el efecto mediador de la ansiedad intergrupal sobre la relación entre el contacto intergrupal y las actitudes positivas desde las personas de la clase social subjetiva baja hacia las de clase social subjetiva alta. Esperamos una relación positiva entre contacto (cantidad y calidad) y actitudes positivas, con la mediación de una menor ansiedad intergrupal. Método: en una muestra chilena no representativa (N = 118), realizamos análisis de regresiones para evaluar nuestra hipótesis. Resultados: los resultados respaldaron nuestra principal hipótesis, la cantidad y calidad del contacto fueron asociados a actitudes más positivas hacia la clase social subjetiva alta, mediada por una menor ansiedad intergrupal. Conclusiones: discutimos las implicancias para las relaciones entre clases sociales y las limitaciones asociadas a la muestra y la evaluación de la clase social.
{"title":"Actitudes desde la clase social baja hacia la clase social alta: el papel del contacto y la ansiedad intergrupal","authors":"Rodrigo Landabur, Diego D. Henriquez","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.11","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: el contacto intergrupal es un buen predictor de las actitudes positivas hacia otros grupos, relación que podría ser explicada por una menor ansiedad intergrupal. Estas asociaciones han sido analizadas entre distintos grupos, como la nacionalidad o la religión. Sin embargo, el contacto y las actitudes entre clases sociales han sido escasamente explorados. Por este motivo, analizamos el efecto mediador de la ansiedad intergrupal sobre la relación entre el contacto intergrupal y las actitudes positivas desde las personas de la clase social subjetiva baja hacia las de clase social subjetiva alta. Esperamos una relación positiva entre contacto (cantidad y calidad) y actitudes positivas, con la mediación de una menor ansiedad intergrupal. Método: en una muestra chilena no representativa (N = 118), realizamos análisis de regresiones para evaluar nuestra hipótesis. Resultados: los resultados respaldaron nuestra principal hipótesis, la cantidad y calidad del contacto fueron asociados a actitudes más positivas hacia la clase social subjetiva alta, mediada por una menor ansiedad intergrupal. Conclusiones: discutimos las implicancias para las relaciones entre clases sociales y las limitaciones asociadas a la muestra y la evaluación de la clase social.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67071638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.17
P. Jauregui, A. Estévez, Marta Rodríguez, Hibai López-González, N. Etxaburu
Introduction / Objectives: Gambling and gaming disorder are usually comorbid addictive behaviours in which alexithymia and emotional regulation have been proved to be of relevance. The present study aimed to analyse the relationship between those variables and their differences depending on the presence or absence of gambling and gaming behaviours. Method: The sample consisted of 1,219 people between 12 and 20 years of age (M = 15.55, SD = 2.07; 51.8% females). Results: The results showed significant differences between players and non-players in gambling disorder, alexithymia and emotional regulation. The findings also indicated that there were differences in alexithymia, emotional regulation, negative affect, gambling disorder and gaming disorder among the different profiles of video game players. The comparison of participants with gaming disorder, gambling disorder, both, or neither of them, showed differences in alexithymia, emotional regulation, negative affect, gambling disorder and gaming disorder. Furthermore, correlations between gambling disorder and age, gaming disorder, negative affect, alexithymia and emotional regulation were found. Similarly, gaming disorder was associated with gambling disorder, negative affect, alexithymia, emotional regulation and age. Conclusions: The hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated the predictive role of alexithymia and age in gambling disorder as well as the predictive role of age, sex and negative affect in gaming disorder.
{"title":"Interplay between alexithymia, emotion regulation, and positive and negative affect as predictors of gambling and gaming disorders in adolescents and young adults","authors":"P. Jauregui, A. Estévez, Marta Rodríguez, Hibai López-González, N. Etxaburu","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction / Objectives: Gambling and gaming disorder are usually comorbid addictive behaviours in which alexithymia and emotional regulation have been proved to be of relevance. The present study aimed to analyse the relationship between those variables and their differences depending on the presence or absence of gambling and gaming behaviours. Method: The sample consisted of 1,219 people between 12 and 20 years of age (M = 15.55, SD = 2.07; 51.8% females). Results: The results showed significant differences between players and non-players in gambling disorder, alexithymia and emotional regulation. The findings also indicated that there were differences in alexithymia, emotional regulation, negative affect, gambling disorder and gaming disorder among the different profiles of video game players. The comparison of participants with gaming disorder, gambling disorder, both, or neither of them, showed differences in alexithymia, emotional regulation, negative affect, gambling disorder and gaming disorder. Furthermore, correlations between gambling disorder and age, gaming disorder, negative affect, alexithymia and emotional regulation were found. Similarly, gaming disorder was associated with gambling disorder, negative affect, alexithymia, emotional regulation and age. Conclusions: The hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated the predictive role of alexithymia and age in gambling disorder as well as the predictive role of age, sex and negative affect in gaming disorder.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67071791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leonor Riquelme-Segura, Berta Schnettler, L. Orellana, Mahia Saracostti
Introducción: Durante la pandemia por COVID-19 las medidas de contención implementadas a nivel mundial han transformado la vida familiar y la forma de trabajar de las mujeres, profundizando desigualdades preexistentes tanto en el trabajo como en la familia. Método: Mediante ecuaciones estructurales se exploraron las relaciones entre el conflicto trabajo-familia, los síntomas emocionales negativos y la satisfacción familiar en mujeres de familias con doble ingreso. Se administraron cuestionarios a 430 mujeres que trabajaban de forma remunerada con al menos un hijo adolescente en Rancagua, Chile, quienes respondieron las dimensiones conflicto del trabajo a la familia y conflicto de la familia al trabajo de la Escala Interfaz Trabajo Familia; la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (DASS-21); y la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida Familiar. Resultados: El conflicto trabajo-familia, en ambas direcciones, se asoció positivamente con síntomas emocionales negativos, los cuales, a su vez, se relacionaron negativamente con la satisfacción familiar. El conflicto de la familia al trabajo se relacionó negativamente de forma directa con la satisfacción familiar, mientras que los síntomas emocionales negativos mostraron un rol mediador entre el conflicto trabajo-familia y la satisfacción familiar. Conclusiones: Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que, para mejorar la satisfacción familiar en situaciones de crisis, son necesarias intervenciones para mitigar las demandas laborales y familiares, así como reducir emociones negativas como depresión, ansiedad y estrés en mujeres madres que trabajan con remuneración.
{"title":"Conflicto trabajo-familia, síntomas emocionales negativos y satisfacción familiar en mujeres con trabajo remunerado durante la pandemia de COVID-19","authors":"Leonor Riquelme-Segura, Berta Schnettler, L. Orellana, Mahia Saracostti","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: Durante la pandemia por COVID-19 las medidas de contención implementadas a nivel mundial han transformado la vida familiar y la forma de trabajar de las mujeres, profundizando desigualdades preexistentes tanto en el trabajo como en la familia. Método: Mediante ecuaciones estructurales se exploraron las relaciones entre el conflicto trabajo-familia, los síntomas emocionales negativos y la satisfacción familiar en mujeres de familias con doble ingreso. Se administraron cuestionarios a 430 mujeres que trabajaban de forma remunerada con al menos un hijo adolescente en Rancagua, Chile, quienes respondieron las dimensiones conflicto del trabajo a la familia y conflicto de la familia al trabajo de la Escala Interfaz Trabajo Familia; la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (DASS-21); y la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida Familiar. Resultados: El conflicto trabajo-familia, en ambas direcciones, se asoció positivamente con síntomas emocionales negativos, los cuales, a su vez, se relacionaron negativamente con la satisfacción familiar. El conflicto de la familia al trabajo se relacionó negativamente de forma directa con la satisfacción familiar, mientras que los síntomas emocionales negativos mostraron un rol mediador entre el conflicto trabajo-familia y la satisfacción familiar. Conclusiones: Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que, para mejorar la satisfacción familiar en situaciones de crisis, son necesarias intervenciones para mitigar las demandas laborales y familiares, así como reducir emociones negativas como depresión, ansiedad y estrés en mujeres madres que trabajan con remuneración.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67071881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.25
Mireia Orgilés, Teresa Galán-Luque, Damián Hervás, Angelica Idrobo, Alexandra Morales
Objective: The present study aimed to assess the psychometric properties and factor structure of the parent-reported brief version of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS-P-8) in a sample of Ecuadorian children. Method: The community sample consisted of 281 children from 8 to 12 years of age and their parents. Factor structure of the scale was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis. The psychometric properties and sex and age invariance were calculated. Results: The results showed that the one-factor structure of the SCAS-P-8 provided a good fit for the data, and that the structure was invariant across gender and age, indicating that it is suitable for assessing anxiety symptoms in both boys and girls of different ages with comparable accuracy. Psychometric analysis revealed a total ordinal alpha of .85, and corrected item-total correlations varied from .41 to .61, indicating an acceptable level of homogeneity. Conclusion: The study found that the SCAS-P-8 is a psychometrically reliable tool for measuring anxiety in Ecuadorian children from 8 to 12 years of age, as reported by their parents, and can be used in both research and clinical settings to evaluate anxiety symptoms in community populations in Ecuador. Given its brief and accurate nature, the SCAS-P-8 is considered to be a useful tool for use in both research and clinical settings for evaluating anxiety symptoms in children in this country.
{"title":"A brief parent version of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS-P-8): Factor structure, reliability, and invariance in Ecuadorian children","authors":"Mireia Orgilés, Teresa Galán-Luque, Damián Hervás, Angelica Idrobo, Alexandra Morales","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.25","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aimed to assess the psychometric properties and factor structure of the parent-reported brief version of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS-P-8) in a sample of Ecuadorian children. Method: The community sample consisted of 281 children from 8 to 12 years of age and their parents. Factor structure of the scale was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis. The psychometric properties and sex and age invariance were calculated. Results: The results showed that the one-factor structure of the SCAS-P-8 provided a good fit for the data, and that the structure was invariant across gender and age, indicating that it is suitable for assessing anxiety symptoms in both boys and girls of different ages with comparable accuracy. Psychometric analysis revealed a total ordinal alpha of .85, and corrected item-total correlations varied from .41 to .61, indicating an acceptable level of homogeneity. Conclusion: The study found that the SCAS-P-8 is a psychometrically reliable tool for measuring anxiety in Ecuadorian children from 8 to 12 years of age, as reported by their parents, and can be used in both research and clinical settings to evaluate anxiety symptoms in community populations in Ecuador. Given its brief and accurate nature, the SCAS-P-8 is considered to be a useful tool for use in both research and clinical settings for evaluating anxiety symptoms in children in this country.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135260898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.13
R. B. Toma, Ayla Márcia Cordeiro Bizerra, Iraya Yánez, Jesús Ángel Meneses Villagrá
Introduction: Science motivation is important for students’ scientific literacy. Yet, there is a lack of valid and reliable measurement tools for the Brazilian context. This study presents the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Science Motivation Questionnaire (SMQ-II) and motivational baseline data. Method: The instrument was translated into Brazilian Portuguese using cross-cultural validation procedures. For structural validity evidence, the responses of 646 secondary school students were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as measurement invariance. For reliability evidence, Cronbach’s alpha (α) and McDonald’s omega (ω) were calculated. Students’ motivation was analysed using 2 (gender) x 4 (grade levels) x 3 (study modality) MANOVA. Results: 24 items measuring intrinsic motivation, career motivation, grade motivation, and self-efficacy supported a four-factor structure with adequate reliability against the original five-factor structure (self-determination was not salient). Measurement invariance was established across the gender and study modalities, but not for grade levels. Higher-grade level Brazilian students were less motivated, and girls reported higher intrinsic and career motivation, but lower self-efficacy than boys. Conclusion: These findings lay the foundation for the assessment of Brazilian students’ science motivation, although they also reveal problems in the latent structure of the SMQ-II and call for the development of instruments rooted in contemporary motivational theories.
{"title":"Cross-cultural adaptation of the Science Motivation Questionnaire II (SMQ-II) for Portuguesespeaking Brazilian secondary school students","authors":"R. B. Toma, Ayla Márcia Cordeiro Bizerra, Iraya Yánez, Jesús Ángel Meneses Villagrá","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.13","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Science motivation is important for students’ scientific literacy. Yet, there is a lack of valid and reliable measurement tools for the Brazilian context. This study presents the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Science Motivation Questionnaire (SMQ-II) and motivational baseline data. Method: The instrument was translated into Brazilian Portuguese using cross-cultural validation procedures. For structural validity evidence, the responses of 646 secondary school students were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as measurement invariance. For reliability evidence, Cronbach’s alpha (α) and McDonald’s omega (ω) were calculated. Students’ motivation was analysed using 2 (gender) x 4 (grade levels) x 3 (study modality) MANOVA. Results: 24 items measuring intrinsic motivation, career motivation, grade motivation, and self-efficacy supported a four-factor structure with adequate reliability against the original five-factor structure (self-determination was not salient). Measurement invariance was established across the gender and study modalities, but not for grade levels. Higher-grade level Brazilian students were less motivated, and girls reported higher intrinsic and career motivation, but lower self-efficacy than boys. Conclusion: These findings lay the foundation for the assessment of Brazilian students’ science motivation, although they also reveal problems in the latent structure of the SMQ-II and call for the development of instruments rooted in contemporary motivational theories.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67071726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introducción/objetivo: Las competencias socioemocionales median la gestión emocional y el ajuste social, son relevantes para el aprendizaje, el desempeño profesional, la salud mental y el bienestar entre otras. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Competencias Socioemocionales SEC-Q en estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Método: Los participantes fueron 699 estudiantes universitarios, 493 mujeres y 206 varones. La estructura interna se analizó mediante validación cruzada, aplicando análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. La validez convergente y discriminante fue evaluada mediante correlaciones de Pearson entre las subescalas del SEC-Q con: la Escala Autoeficacia Percibida Especifica de Situaciones Académicas, Satisfacción con la vida e Inventario de Burnout de Maslach. Resultados: El cuestionario evidencia adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y los cuatro componentes del instrumento original: autoconciencia, autogestión, conciencia social y toma de decisiones; se presentan de acuerdo con lo esperado, una relación directa con autoeficacia y satisfacción con la vida, e inversa con el estrés. La conciencia social presentó diferencias según el género, siendo mayor en mujeres que en hombres. Conclusión: El SEC-Q es un instrumento confiable y válido para utilizar con estudiantes universitarios chilenos.
{"title":"Análisis de las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Competencias Socioemocionales SEC-Q en estudiantes universitarios chilenos","authors":"M. Figueroa-Varela, Montserrat Rodríguez Vera","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción/objetivo: Las competencias socioemocionales median la gestión emocional y el ajuste social, son relevantes para el aprendizaje, el desempeño profesional, la salud mental y el bienestar entre otras. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Competencias Socioemocionales SEC-Q en estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Método: Los participantes fueron 699 estudiantes universitarios, 493 mujeres y 206 varones. La estructura interna se analizó mediante validación cruzada, aplicando análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. La validez convergente y discriminante fue evaluada mediante correlaciones de Pearson entre las subescalas del SEC-Q con: la Escala Autoeficacia Percibida Especifica de Situaciones Académicas, Satisfacción con la vida e Inventario de Burnout de Maslach. Resultados: El cuestionario evidencia adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y los cuatro componentes del instrumento original: autoconciencia, autogestión, conciencia social y toma de decisiones; se presentan de acuerdo con lo esperado, una relación directa con autoeficacia y satisfacción con la vida, e inversa con el estrés. La conciencia social presentó diferencias según el género, siendo mayor en mujeres que en hombres. Conclusión: El SEC-Q es un instrumento confiable y válido para utilizar con estudiantes universitarios chilenos.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67071831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.10
A. Salinas-Rodríguez, Gabriela Argumedo, C. Hernández-Alcaráz, Alejandra Contreras-Manzano, Alejandra Jáuregui
Introduction: Globally, mental health problems have affected nearly 1 billion people and approximately 1 in 10 Mexicans. The detection and surveillance of depression, anxiety, and stress in Mexico requires more reliable and valid instruments. Objective: To determine the factor validity and internal consistency of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items (DASS-21) in a non-probabilistic national sample of Mexican adults. Method: Cross-sectional study by means of an online survey of 1 613 Mexican adults aged 18 years and older. The Spanish version of the DASS-21 was used, which evaluates the presence of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress. Factor validity was determined by comparing different confirmatory factor analysis models: one-dimensional, three factors (correlated and non-correlated), second order,and bifactor. Results: The application of the bifactor model to the DASS 21, supports its validity for identifying the presence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as an altered general emotional state in a sample of Mexican adults. Conclusions: The DASS-21 is a theoretically robust instrument useful for research and clinical practice.
{"title":"Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale: Factor validation during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Mexico","authors":"A. Salinas-Rodríguez, Gabriela Argumedo, C. Hernández-Alcaráz, Alejandra Contreras-Manzano, Alejandra Jáuregui","doi":"10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.10","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Globally, mental health problems have affected nearly 1 billion people and approximately 1 in 10 Mexicans. The detection and surveillance of depression, anxiety, and stress in Mexico requires more reliable and valid instruments. Objective: To determine the factor validity and internal consistency of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items (DASS-21) in a non-probabilistic national sample of Mexican adults. Method: Cross-sectional study by means of an online survey of 1 613 Mexican adults aged 18 years and older. The Spanish version of the DASS-21 was used, which evaluates the presence of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress. Factor validity was determined by comparing different confirmatory factor analysis models: one-dimensional, three factors (correlated and non-correlated), second order,and bifactor. Results: The application of the bifactor model to the DASS 21, supports its validity for identifying the presence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as an altered general emotional state in a sample of Mexican adults. Conclusions: The DASS-21 is a theoretically robust instrument useful for research and clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":46559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Latinoamericana De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67072055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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