Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2024.01.007
Objective
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in tumor progression. Numerous studies show that lncRNAs are strongly associated with prostate cancer (PCa) progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathway through which lncRNA HCG18 regulates PCa progression by bioinformatics analysis and experiments.
Methods
We compared HCG18 expression in PCa versus normal tissue and cells by data and cell lines, followed by comparing the changes in tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasive ability after knockdown of HCG18. Then we searched for its downstream pathway by database and validated the pathway in vivo and in vitro.
Results
HCG18 was highly expressed in PCa and has the ability to promote tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion; knockdown of HCG18 led to a decrease in the ability of cells to do so, which can be reversed by knockdown of miR-512-3p or overexpression of hexokinase 2.
Conclusion
Our in vivo and in vitro experiments suggest that HCG18 can play a role in promoting PCa progression by blocking the inhibition of hexokinase 2 by miR-512-3p via sponge adsorption.
{"title":"LncRNA HCG18 promotes prostate cancer progression by regulating the miR-512-3p/HK-2 axis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in tumor progression. Numerous studies show that lncRNAs are strongly associated with prostate cancer (PCa) progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathway through which lncRNA <em>HCG18</em> regulates PCa progression by bioinformatics analysis and experiments.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We compared <em>HCG18</em> expression in PCa versus normal tissue and cells by data and cell lines, followed by comparing the changes in tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasive ability after knockdown of <em>HCG18</em>. Then we searched for its downstream pathway by database and validated the pathway <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>HCG18</em> was highly expressed in PCa and has the ability to promote tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion; knockdown of <em>HCG18</em> led to a decrease in the ability of cells to do so, which can be reversed by knockdown of miR-512-3p or overexpression of hexokinase 2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> experiments suggest that <em>HCG18</em> can play a role in promoting PCa progression by blocking the inhibition of hexokinase 2 by miR-512-3p via sponge adsorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46599,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Urology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 575-585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139818662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2024.02.008
Objective
Radical cystectomy (RC) is a standard treatment for localized muscle invasive bladder cancer and high-risk or very high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer not responding to adequate endovesical therapy. In women, traditionally RC is performed with hystero-adnexectomy and resection of the anterior vaginal wall, often resulting in sexual disorders. Vaginal-sparing techniques have been developed to improve functional outcomes. The present study explores the safety and the functional outcome of vaginal-sparing techniques.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed all consecutive female patients undergoing robot-assisted RC (RARC) with neobladder diversion between October 2017 and February 2022. The indications for vaginal-sparing RC were absence of tumor on bladder neck or urethra and no sign of infiltration of posterior bladder wall at the preoperative MRI. Functional results were evaluated with the aid of five questions out of the Bladder Cancer Index questionnaire. Complications were reported according to the Clavien–Dindo classification and cancer control was evaluated by recurrence-free and cancer-specific survival.
Results
A total of 22 female patients underwent RARC with neobladder diversion. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given in 17 (77%) cases. Clavien–Dindo grades III–IV complications occurred in four (18%) cases. After a mean follow-up of 29 (interquartile range 16–44) months, six (27.3%) patients developed distant metastases, and one (4.5%) woman loco-regional relapse. Sexual-sparing surgery was performed in 19 (86%) patients, and in the others the anterior vaginal wall was resected, but neobladder was still performed. During daytime, no patients reported total incontinence and 73% (11/15) reported total continence or only occasional leaks. Sexual results showed that seven of 15 (47%) women regained sexual activity after surgery, with a quality reported as “good” or “very good” in 40% of all 19 cases.
Conclusion
RARC in female with anterior vaginal wall preservation is feasible. The approach showed a good safety profile, with satisfying results on continence and sexual activity. Sexual-sparing approaches should be carried out after correct patient selection.
{"title":"Robot-assisted radical cystectomy with neobladder diversion in females: Safety profile and functional outcomes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Radical cystectomy (RC) is a standard treatment for localized muscle invasive bladder cancer and high-risk or very high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer not responding to adequate endovesical therapy. In women, traditionally RC is performed with hystero-adnexectomy and resection of the anterior vaginal wall, often resulting in sexual disorders. Vaginal-sparing techniques have been developed to improve functional outcomes. The present study explores the safety and the functional outcome of vaginal-sparing techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed all consecutive female patients undergoing robot-assisted RC (RARC) with neobladder diversion between October 2017 and February 2022. The indications for vaginal-sparing RC were absence of tumor on bladder neck or urethra and no sign of infiltration of posterior bladder wall at the preoperative MRI. Functional results were evaluated with the aid of five questions out of the Bladder Cancer Index questionnaire. Complications were reported according to the Clavien–Dindo classification and cancer control was evaluated by recurrence-free and cancer-specific survival.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 22 female patients underwent RARC with neobladder diversion. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given in 17 (77%) cases. Clavien–Dindo grades III–IV complications occurred in four (18%) cases. After a mean follow-up of 29 (interquartile range 16–44) months, six (27.3%) patients developed distant metastases, and one (4.5%) woman loco-regional relapse. Sexual-sparing surgery was performed in 19 (86%) patients, and in the others the anterior vaginal wall was resected, but neobladder was still performed. During daytime, no patients reported total incontinence and 73% (11/15) reported total continence or only occasional leaks. Sexual results showed that seven of 15 (47%) women regained sexual activity after surgery, with a quality reported as “good” or “very good” in 40% of all 19 cases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>RARC in female with anterior vaginal wall preservation is feasible. The approach showed a good safety profile, with satisfying results on continence and sexual activity. Sexual-sparing approaches should be carried out after correct patient selection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46599,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Urology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 618-624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140464632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2023.05.004
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the fluoroscopy-free single-use flexible ureteroscopy procedure in the treatment of kidney stones with abnormal renal anatomy compared to normal renal anatomy.
Methods
Forty patients with abnormal (Group A) and 80 patients with normal (Group B) renal anatomy who had 10–20 mm renal stones were included. They were treated with LithoVue single-use flexible ureteroscopy (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA) after ureteric dilatation by two different size semi-rigid ureteroscopes. This technique was chosen as the aim was to exclude any ureteric pathology (e.g., stone or stricture), confirm the placement of a safe guidewire, avoid balloon dilatation of the ureter, and achieve safe insertion of a 12 Fr, 35/45 cm ureteric access sheath with optical and tactile sign and without fluoroscopy image for guidance.
Results
The mean ages were 43 years and 45 years in Group A and Group B, respectively. The mean stone burden was 14.62 (standard deviation: 5.35) mm3 and 14.79 (standard deviation: 4.58) mm3 in Group A and Group B, respectively. There is no significant difference between both groups according to the mean operative time, hospital stay, or stone-free rate. The stone-free rate was about 93% in both groups when the stone size was between 10 mm and 15 mm, and less than 54% when the stone size was more than 15 mm to 20 mm. In the majority of cases (80.0% in Group A and 92.5% in Group B), we completed the procedure without fluoroscopy. The perioperative complication rates were comparable in the two groups.
Conclusion
Fluoroscopy-free single-use flexible ureteroscopy, when performed by expert urologists, is a feasible treatment for pre-stented patients with kidney calculi of ≤15 mm with abnormal renal anatomy.
{"title":"Is fluoroscopy-free single-use flexible ureteroscopy a feasible treatment for kidney stones with abnormal renal anatomy?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajur.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajur.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the fluoroscopy-free single-use flexible ureteroscopy procedure in the treatment of kidney stones with abnormal renal anatomy compared to normal renal anatomy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty patients with abnormal (Group A) and 80 patients with normal (Group B) renal anatomy who had 10–20 mm renal stones were included. They were treated with LithoVue single-use flexible ureteroscopy (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA) after ureteric dilatation by two different size semi-rigid ureteroscopes. This technique was chosen as the aim was to exclude any ureteric pathology (<em>e.g.,</em> stone or stricture), confirm the placement of a safe guidewire, avoid balloon dilatation of the ureter, and achieve safe insertion of a 12 Fr, 35/45 cm ureteric access sheath with optical and tactile sign and without fluoroscopy image for guidance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean ages were 43 years and 45 years in Group A and Group B, respectively. The mean stone burden was 14.62 (standard deviation: 5.35) mm<sup>3</sup> and 14.79 (standard deviation: 4.58) mm<sup>3</sup> in Group A and Group B, respectively. There is no significant difference between both groups according to the mean operative time, hospital stay, or stone-free rate. The stone-free rate was about 93% in both groups when the stone size was between 10 mm and 15 mm, and less than 54% when the stone size was more than 15 mm to 20 mm. In the majority of cases (80.0% in Group A and 92.5% in Group B), we completed the procedure without fluoroscopy. The perioperative complication rates were comparable in the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Fluoroscopy-free single-use flexible ureteroscopy, when performed by expert urologists, is a feasible treatment for pre-stented patients with kidney calculi of ≤15 mm with abnormal renal anatomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46599,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Urology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 591-595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45848567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2023.08.009
Objective
Minimally invasive treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have seen an increase in usage in recent years. We aimed to determine what types of events may influence patient search habits related to surgical BPH treatments.
Methods
Google Trends was used to determine the frequency of searches for different minimally invasive and prostatic ablative treatments for BPH in the United States. The procedures including transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), Aquablation therapy (Aquablation), Greenlight laser therapy (Greenlight), transurethral needle ablation, transurethral microwave thermotherapy, Urolift (prostatic urethral lift [PUL]), Rezum, iTind, holmium laser enucleation of the prostate, simple prostatectomy, and prostatic artery embolization were compared.
Results
From January 1, 2004 to February 28, 2023, the number of internet search queries have increased for TURP, PUL, Rezum, prostatic artery embolization, and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. There has been a slight decrease in searches for Greenlight, transurethral needle ablation, transurethral microwave thermotherapy, iTind, simple prostatectomy, and Aquablation.
Conclusion
Despite increased searches of alternatives, TURP remains the most searched BPH procedure. Additionally, search habits may be influenced by several factors including government approval, corporate acquisition, and marketing campaigns. It is important for physicians to understand the types of events that may cause patients to inquire about certain treatments for better quality health information and clinical visits.
{"title":"Search trends in the treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia: A twenty-year analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajur.2023.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajur.2023.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Minimally invasive treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have seen an increase in usage in recent years. We aimed to determine what types of events may influence patient search habits related to surgical BPH treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Google Trends was used to determine the frequency of searches for different minimally invasive and prostatic ablative treatments for BPH in the United States. The procedures including transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), Aquablation therapy (Aquablation), Greenlight laser therapy (Greenlight), transurethral needle ablation, transurethral microwave thermotherapy, Urolift (prostatic urethral lift [PUL]), Rezum, iTind, holmium laser enucleation of the prostate, simple prostatectomy, and prostatic artery embolization were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From January 1, 2004 to February 28, 2023, the number of internet search queries have increased for TURP, PUL, Rezum, prostatic artery embolization, and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. There has been a slight decrease in searches for Greenlight, transurethral needle ablation, transurethral microwave thermotherapy, iTind, simple prostatectomy, and Aquablation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite increased searches of alternatives, TURP remains the most searched BPH procedure. Additionally, search habits may be influenced by several factors including government approval, corporate acquisition, and marketing campaigns. It is important for physicians to understand the types of events that may cause patients to inquire about certain treatments for better quality health information and clinical visits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46599,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Urology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 586-590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138616421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2024.01.004
{"title":"Prostatic small cell carcinoma with resultant tumor thrombus to the right iliac vein","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46599,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Urology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 666-668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139636013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2023.10.004
Objective
This study aimed to explore the applications of three-dimensional (3D) technology, including virtual reality, augmented reality (AR), and 3D printing system, in the field of medicine, particularly in renal interventions for cancer treatment.
Methods
A specialized software transforms 2D medical images into precise 3D digital models, facilitating improved anatomical understanding and surgical planning. Patient-specific 3D printed anatomical models are utilized for preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, and surgical education. AR technology enables the overlay of digital perceptions onto real-world surgical environments.
Results
Patient-specific 3D printed anatomical models have multiple applications, such as preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, trainee education, and patient counseling. Virtual reality involves substituting the real world with a computer-generated 3D environment, while AR overlays digitally created perceptions onto the existing reality. The advances in 3D modeling technology have sparked considerable interest in their application to partial nephrectomy in the realm of renal cancer. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, constructs 3D objects based on computer-aided design or digital 3D models. Utilizing 3D-printed preoperative renal models provides benefits for surgical planning, offering a more reliable assessment of the tumor's relationship with vital anatomical structures and enabling better preparation for procedures. AR technology allows surgeons to visualize patient-specific renal anatomical structures and their spatial relationships with surrounding organs by projecting CT/MRI images onto a live laparoscopic video. Incorporating patient-specific 3D digital models into healthcare enhances best practice, resulting in improved patient care, increased patient satisfaction, and cost saving for the healthcare system.
本研究旨在探索三维（3D）技术，包括虚拟现实、增强现实（AR）和三维打印系统在医学领域的应用，尤其是在肾脏介入治疗癌症方面的应用。病人专用的三维打印解剖模型可用于术前规划、术中指导和手术教育。结果特定患者的三维打印解剖模型有多种应用，如术前规划、术中指导、受训者教育和患者咨询。虚拟现实是用计算机生成的三维环境取代现实世界，而 AR 则是将数字创建的感知叠加到现有的现实环境中。三维建模技术的进步引发了人们对其在肾癌肾部分切除术中应用的浓厚兴趣。三维打印也称为增材制造，是根据计算机辅助设计或数字三维模型构建三维物体。利用三维打印的术前肾脏模型有利于制定手术计划，对肿瘤与重要解剖结构的关系进行更可靠的评估，为手术做好更充分的准备。AR 技术通过将 CT/MRI 图像投射到实时腹腔镜视频上，使外科医生能够直观地看到患者特定的肾脏解剖结构及其与周围器官的空间关系。将特定于患者的三维数字模型融入医疗保健中可增强最佳实践，从而改善患者护理，提高患者满意度，并为医疗保健系统节约成本。
{"title":"Virtual and augmented reality systems and three-dimensional printing of the renal model—novel trends to guide preoperative planning for renal cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajur.2023.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajur.2023.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the applications of three-dimensional (3D) technology, including virtual reality, augmented reality (AR), and 3D printing system, in the field of medicine, particularly in renal interventions for cancer treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A specialized software transforms 2D medical images into precise 3D digital models, facilitating improved anatomical understanding and surgical planning. Patient-specific 3D printed anatomical models are utilized for preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, and surgical education. AR technology enables the overlay of digital perceptions onto real-world surgical environments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patient-specific 3D printed anatomical models have multiple applications, such as preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, trainee education, and patient counseling. Virtual reality involves substituting the real world with a computer-generated 3D environment, while AR overlays digitally created perceptions onto the existing reality. The advances in 3D modeling technology have sparked considerable interest in their application to partial nephrectomy in the realm of renal cancer. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, constructs 3D objects based on computer-aided design or digital 3D models. Utilizing 3D-printed preoperative renal models provides benefits for surgical planning, offering a more reliable assessment of the tumor's relationship with vital anatomical structures and enabling better preparation for procedures. AR technology allows surgeons to visualize patient-specific renal anatomical structures and their spatial relationships with surrounding organs by projecting CT/MRI images onto a live laparoscopic video. Incorporating patient-specific 3D digital models into healthcare enhances best practice, resulting in improved patient care, increased patient satisfaction, and cost saving for the healthcare system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46599,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Urology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 521-529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140278164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2024.02.005
Objective
This review aimed to summarize the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a urologic malignancy with subtle initial symptoms and high mortality rates due to metastatic RCC. The Hippo signaling pathway, which regulates tissue and organ sizes, plays a crucial role in RCC progression and metastasis. Understanding the involvement of the Hippo signaling pathway in RCC provides valuable insights for the development of targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes.
Methods
In this review, we explored the impact of the Hippo signaling pathway on RCC. Through an analysis of existing literature, we examined its role in RCC progression and metastasis. Additionally, we discussed potential therapeutic strategies targeting the Hippo pathway for inhibiting RCC cell growth and invasion. We also highlighted the importance of investigating interactions between the Hippo pathway and other signaling pathways such as Wnt, transforming growth factor-beta, and PI3K/AKT, which may uncover additional therapeutic targets.
Results
The Hippo signaling pathway has shown promise as a target for inhibiting RCC cell growth and invasion. Studies have demonstrated its dysregulation in RCC, with altered expression of key components such as yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (YAP/TAZ). Targeting the Hippo pathway has been associated with suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in preclinical models of RCC. Furthermore, investigating crosstalk between the Hippo pathway and other signaling pathways has revealed potential synergistic effects that could be exploited for therapeutic interventions.
Conclusion
Understanding the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in RCC is of paramount importance. Elucidating its functions and molecular interactions contributes to RCC diagnosis, treatment, and the discovery of novel mechanisms. This knowledge informs the development of innovative therapeutic strategies and opens new avenues for research in RCC. Further investigations are warranted to fully comprehend the complex interplay between the Hippo pathway and other signaling pathways, ultimately leading to improved outcomes for RCC patients.
{"title":"Research progress of the Hippo signaling pathway in renal cell carcinoma","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This review aimed to summarize the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a urologic malignancy with subtle initial symptoms and high mortality rates due to metastatic RCC. The Hippo signaling pathway, which regulates tissue and organ sizes, plays a crucial role in RCC progression and metastasis. Understanding the involvement of the Hippo signaling pathway in RCC provides valuable insights for the development of targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this review, we explored the impact of the Hippo signaling pathway on RCC. Through an analysis of existing literature, we examined its role in RCC progression and metastasis. Additionally, we discussed potential therapeutic strategies targeting the Hippo pathway for inhibiting RCC cell growth and invasion. We also highlighted the importance of investigating interactions between the Hippo pathway and other signaling pathways such as Wnt, transforming growth factor-beta, and PI3K/AKT, which may uncover additional therapeutic targets.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Hippo signaling pathway has shown promise as a target for inhibiting RCC cell growth and invasion. Studies have demonstrated its dysregulation in RCC, with altered expression of key components such as yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (YAP/TAZ). Targeting the Hippo pathway has been associated with suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in preclinical models of RCC. Furthermore, investigating crosstalk between the Hippo pathway and other signaling pathways has revealed potential synergistic effects that could be exploited for therapeutic interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Understanding the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in RCC is of paramount importance. Elucidating its functions and molecular interactions contributes to RCC diagnosis, treatment, and the discovery of novel mechanisms. This knowledge informs the development of innovative therapeutic strategies and opens new avenues for research in RCC. Further investigations are warranted to fully comprehend the complex interplay between the Hippo pathway and other signaling pathways, ultimately leading to improved outcomes for RCC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46599,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Urology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 511-520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139829651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2023.11.003
Objective
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent condition with a negative impact on women's quality of life. Data about UI among Jordanian women are lacking; therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence, types, and associated factors.
Methods
A cross sectional nationwide survey was conducted between 1 March 2020 and 15 April 2020. Women were included if they were 18 years of age or more and had access to the internet. Data collected included women's characteristics, UI types, and associated factors. UI was inventoried by asking women if they have UI (yes/no), and the Arabic language validated International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence-Short Form was used. Age-group specific prevalence rates of UI were estimated, and associated factors were studied using logistic regression analyses.
Results
Data from 2118 women were analysed. The median age was 40 (range 18–85) years; 58.3% gave birth three or more times; and 64.1% consistently reported having UI. Limited mobility and being multiparous increased the likelihood of reporting UI. Compared to women with normal body mass index, overweight and obese women were 1.9 times and 4.4 times more likely to report UI, respectively.
Conclusion
The prevalence of UI among Jordanian women is 64.1%, with mixed UI and stress UI being the more prevalent types in women younger than 60 years old. Age, parity body mass index, and limited mobility are all associated factors with UI. The results of this study provide healthcare policy makers with the necessary information to increase awareness and knowledge regarding UI.
{"title":"Urinary incontinence among Jordanian women: Prevalence, types, and associated factors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajur.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajur.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent condition with a negative impact on women's quality of life. Data about UI among Jordanian women are lacking; therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence, types, and associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross sectional nationwide survey was conducted between 1 March 2020 and 15 April 2020. Women were included if they were 18 years of age or more and had access to the internet. Data collected included women's characteristics, UI types, and associated factors. UI was inventoried by asking women if they have UI (yes/no), and the Arabic language validated International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence-Short Form was used. Age-group specific prevalence rates of UI were estimated, and associated factors were studied using logistic regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 2118 women were analysed. The median age was 40 (range 18–85) years; 58.3% gave birth three or more times; and 64.1% consistently reported having UI. Limited mobility and being multiparous increased the likelihood of reporting UI. Compared to women with normal body mass index, overweight and obese women were 1.9 times and 4.4 times more likely to report UI, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence of UI among Jordanian women is 64.1%, with mixed UI and stress UI being the more prevalent types in women younger than 60 years old. Age, parity body mass index, and limited mobility are all associated factors with UI. The results of this study provide healthcare policy makers with the necessary information to increase awareness and knowledge regarding UI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46599,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Urology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 651-659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2024.02.001
Objective
Cryptorchidism affects up to 6% of full-term male infants, and orchidopexy has been shown to reduce impaired spermatogenesis and malignant risks significantly. However, the relationship between orchidopexy and sexual function has not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate sexual function outcomes in adult patients who underwent orchidopexy for unilateral undescended testis in childhood.
Methods
Totally, 58 adult patients who underwent unilateral orchidopexy in childhood were enrolled in the study. Erectile dysfunction (ED) was assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15 questionnaire. All participants underwent serum (testosterone and follicular stimulating hormone levels) measurement and semen analysis. Paternity rates were evaluated to assess the patient's fertility. Additionally, anxiety, depression, and stress were measured by the self-rating anxiety scale, self-rating depression scale, and visual analogue scale, respectively.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference between IIEF-15 scores (intercourse satisfaction, orgasmic function, sexual desire, or overall satisfaction) comparing the cryptorchidism group with the control group; however, the ED was significantly higher in the cryptorchidism patients (p=0.000). At the median follow-up of 16.3 years, 15.5% of our patients complained of moderate to severe ED. Most patients were satisfied with their overall relationship and only 34.5% were not satisfied. Anxiety, depression, and stress were more prevalent in cryptorchidism than in healthy men (anxiety: 72.4% vs. 20.7%; depression: 19.0% vs. 5.2%; stress: 60.3% vs. 10.3%; p˂0.05). Additionally, ED was negatively associated with anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms (r=−0.518, p=0.000; r=−0.448, p=0.000; r=−0.591, p=0.000, respectively). Moreover, ED had a significant correlation with advancing age, psychological factors (anxiety, depression, and stress), infertility, and low levels of testosterone (p˂0.05).
Conclusion
Low testosterone, infertility, and psychological burden (anxiety, depression, and stress) are used as factors for predicting ED outcomes after orchidopexy for undescended testis to guide physicians to evaluate the efficacy of testosterone replacement and psychological support in their management.
{"title":"Long-term outcomes of erectile function in adult orchidopexy patients","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajur.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Cryptorchidism affects up to 6% of full-term male infants, and orchidopexy has been shown to reduce impaired spermatogenesis and malignant risks significantly. However, the relationship between orchidopexy and sexual function has not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate sexual function outcomes in adult patients who underwent orchidopexy for unilateral undescended testis in childhood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Totally, 58 adult patients who underwent unilateral orchidopexy in childhood were enrolled in the study. Erectile dysfunction (ED) was assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15 questionnaire. All participants underwent serum (testosterone and follicular stimulating hormone levels) measurement and semen analysis. Paternity rates were evaluated to assess the patient's fertility. Additionally, anxiety, depression, and stress were measured by the self-rating anxiety scale, self-rating depression scale, and visual analogue scale, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no statistically significant difference between IIEF-15 scores (intercourse satisfaction, orgasmic function, sexual desire, or overall satisfaction) comparing the cryptorchidism group with the control group; however, the ED was significantly higher in the cryptorchidism patients (<em>p</em>=0.000). At the median follow-up of 16.3 years, 15.5% of our patients complained of moderate to severe ED. Most patients were satisfied with their overall relationship and only 34.5% were not satisfied. Anxiety, depression, and stress were more prevalent in cryptorchidism than in healthy men (anxiety: 72.4% <em>vs.</em> 20.7%; depression: 19.0% <em>vs.</em> 5.2%; stress: 60.3% <em>vs.</em> 10.3%; <em>p</em>˂0.05). Additionally, ED was negatively associated with anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms (<em>r</em>=<strong>−</strong>0.518, <em>p</em>=0.000; <em>r</em>=<strong>−</strong>0.448, <em>p</em>=0.000; <em>r</em>=<strong>−</strong>0.591, <em>p</em>=0.000, respectively). Moreover, ED had a significant correlation with advancing age, psychological factors (anxiety, depression, and stress), infertility, and low levels of testosterone (<em>p</em>˂0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Low testosterone, infertility, and psychological burden (anxiety, depression, and stress) are used as factors for predicting ED outcomes after orchidopexy for undescended testis to guide physicians to evaluate the efficacy of testosterone replacement and psychological support in their management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46599,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Urology","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 642-650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139823799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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