Canadian Journal of Nursing Research最新文献

Background: In long-term care facilities (LTCF), apathy is a prevalent issue, leading to cognitive decline, functional impairment, and increased mortality risk. Despite its significance, apathy often remains underrecognized and undermanaged in these settings. Recognizing and addressing the predictors of apathy is critical for early intervention and improved care outcomes.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the prevalence of apathy and identify its associated risk factors among newly admitted residents in the Canadian LTCF, using the InterRAI Minimum Data Set (MDS 2.0).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of MDS 2.0 admission assessment data between 2015 and 2019, covering 157,596 residents across six Canadian provinces and one territory. Apathy was measured using the Apathy Index of the MDS 2.0, with the biopsychosocial model guiding the analysis.

Results: The prevalence of apathy was 12.5% (19,758 individuals). The most significant predictors include cognitive impairments, specific age groups, hearing impairments, vision impairments, facility size and location.

Conclusions: The findings of this study underscore the need for tailored strategies in LTCF to address apathy, considering individual, institutional, and regional variations. Emphasis on environmental and personal factors is crucial in the management and prevention of apathy in these settings.

Background: Refugees escaping political unrest and war are an especially vulnerable group. Arrival in high-income countries (HICs) is associated with a 'new type of war', as war refugees experience elevated rates of psycho-social and daily stressors.

Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review is to examine literature on psycho-social stressors amongst young war refugees in HICs and impact of stressors on intergenerational transmission of trauma within parent-child dyads. The secondary objectives are to identify the pre-migration versus post-migration stressors and provide a basis to inform future research projects that aim to lessen the burden of stress and inform evidence-based improvements in this population.

Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review Extension (PRISMA-ScR) guided the reporting of this review that was performed using a prescribed scoping review method. Extracted from five databases, 23 manuscripts published in 2010 or later met the inclusion criteria.

Results: Three themes emerged: pre-migration stressors, migration journey stressors and uncertainty, and post-migration stressors. While post-migration environments can mitigate the health and well-being of war refugees, socio-cultural barriers that refugees often experience at the host country prevent or worsen their psycho-social recovery.

Conclusion: To assist the success of war refugees in HICs, therapeutic interventions must follow an intersectional approach and there needs to be a wider application of trauma informed models of care. Findings of this review may help inform future intervention studies aiming to improve the psycho-social health of this population.

Introduction: Novice and beginner nurses make more medical errors than senior nurses. However, there is significant underreporting of medication errors and near misses among novice and beginner nurses.

Objective: To identify the factors that influence the intention of novice and beginner nurses to report medication errors and near misses.

Methods: A cross-sectional exploratory study was carried out among third-year nursing students in a Quebec university (n = 143). Data was collected through a self-reported questionnaire based on the adapted Theory of Planned Behavior. Simple descriptive analyses and a series of contingency analyses were performed using Chi-2 or Fisher exact tests. Correction of multiple tests was done using Bonferroni test.

Results: All theoretical constructs were significantly associated with intention. Sociodemographic factors (age, sex, experience and education program) were also associated with intention.

Discussion and conclusion: Further studies are needed to identify the determinants of intention to report medication errors and near misses among novice and beginner nurses. More attention is required in nursing practice and education to act on these factors, thus encouraging novice and beginner nurses to report medication errors and near misses.

Background: Public health nurses (PHNs) are often a first point of contact for postpartum individuals seeking mental health support, but report limited training related to mental health.

Purpose: To determine whether a two-day cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based training program focused on postpartum maternal mental health can improve PHN perceptions of their ability to deliver CBT techniques, their confidence working with distressed clients, and with managing client resistance to treatment recommendations.

Methods: A convenience sample of 45 PHNs working in the Family Health Division of Niagara Region Public Health in Ontario, Canada were assessed before and after they received a two-day CBT-based training program. Before attending training, PHNs reported their current professional position, years of experience working in public health, and any previous mental health training. Their confidence in delivering CBT techniques, working with distressed clients, and with managing client resistance to treatment recommendations was assessed pre- and post-training. Participants also rated their satisfaction with the training.

Results: Statistically significant improvements were seen in confidence using CBT techniques, and in supporting and managing distressed or resistant clients. The two-day training was highly rated overall by participants. Medium to large effect sizes were found for changes in confidence-related questions.

Conclusions: Providing PHNs with brief CBT-based mental health-related training can increase their confidence in this aspect of their practice, and could potentially improve the quality of care they provide.

Background: Creating a research program is a critical requirement for new PhD-prepared tenure-track nursing faculty in Canada.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present key findings of new faculty members focusing on facilitators and barriers to development of their research program.

Method: We conducted focused ethnography research examining the experience of 17 new faculty members from across Canada.

Results: The following themes were identified: teaching release, preparation from PhD program, intense feelings, supports and processes, mentoring, obtaining grants, and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions: Implications for practice include identifying ways to facilitate faculty retention as they develop their research program. This research will be of interest to deans of nursing and new faculty members.

As Black faculty members of a majority-White nursing school, we reflected on our unique experiences as part of a Black community engagement project, aimed at addressing anti-Black racism in nursing education. Our positionality created a complex scenario as we navigated emotionally heavy discussions, grappled with our ability to manage competing interests and care for our own well-being. The invisibility of the undue burden of anti-racism work is discussed. Recommendations for alleviating the burden are proposed based on this lived experience. Nursing schools must recognize the uniqueness of Black faculty members' experiences. Proposed strategies include creating mechanisms and resources for emotional support and incorporating anti-racism initiatives into the nursing school's values and strategic plan.

Purpose: Gendered domestic violence and coercive control are prevalent public heath concerns in Canada with dire consequences for survivors. Peer support groups may address and reduce negative impacts of domestic violence and coercive control on women's stress, coping, safety, and alliances with social support network members, the focus of this study.

Methods: A one-group, pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of Growth Circle, a 14-week peer support program offered at an agency serving women affected by domestic violence in a major western Canadian city. Through convenience sampling, women 18 years and older who experienced domestic violence were recruited and provided data on stress, coping, safety-related empowerment, and social support/alliances. Thirty-five participants provided all pre-test and post-test data, with a subsample of 14 providing repeated hair samples. Hair was employed to determine stress hormone (cortisol) levels.

Results: A significant reduction in self-reported levels of perceived stress and stress hormone levels following completion of the Growth Circle program was revealed. Participants also reported a significant increase in safety-related empowerment, and supportive alliances with group members.

Conclusions: The Growth Circle peer support program was demonstrated to be effective. Further implementation and research into the Growth Circle program across Canada is recommended.

Study background: The nursing profession is facing a multiplicity of stressors that have both predated and been exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic. The emotional and physical demands entailed in nursing predispose nurses to suboptimal mental health and burnout.

Purpose: This paper draws upon the narrative interviews of 53 Canadian nurses as part of a larger pan-Canadian, cross disciplinary study that examined the gendered experiences of mental health, leaves of absence, and return to work of 7 professions.

Methods: Thorne's interpretive descriptive guided Iterative and thematic analysis which identified three predominant themes within the nursing dataset, this paper focuses on the substantive theme of 'Navigating it Alone,'.

Results: Nurses expressed a profound sense of isolation at 3 particular levels: at home, at work, and in systems - while simultaneously balancing uniquely gendered familial responsibilities and workplace demands.

Conclusions: These results illuminate instrumental pathways for stakeholders to attenuate the personal and professional pressures that continue to be disproportionately carried by nurses as they navigate these particularly challenging times.

Background: Genomic technologies such as genetic testing and precision treatments are rapidly becoming routine in oncology care, and nurses play an increasingly important role in supporting the growing demands for genomics-informed healthcare. Policy infrastructure such as competencies, standards, scope of practice statements, and education and curriculum frameworks are urgently needed to guide these practice and education changes.

Purpose: This study is part of a larger three-phase project to develop recommendations and catalyze action for genomics-informed oncology nursing education and practice for the Canadian Association of Nurses in Oncology and the Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing. This phase aimed to enhance understanding of policy needs and action drivers for genomics-informed oncology nursing education and practice through the perspectives of Canadian oncology nurses and patient partners.

Methods: Interpretive description methodology guided the study. Twenty semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted; 17 with oncology nurses in various domains of practice, and three with patient partner representatives. Data collection and analysis occurred concurrently.

Results: Our analysis identified three themes: 1) nurses and patients recognize that it is time for action, 2) nurses and patients see advantages to executing intentional, strategic, and collaborative policy development, and 3) leadership and advocacy are required to drive action.

Conclusion: Nursing policy infrastructure is required to increase genomic literacy, support nurses in providing safe patient care, and establish clear roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities within the interdisciplinary team. Strong leadership and advocacy at the practice, organizational, and systems levels are vital to accelerating action.

Background: Emotional labour (EL) can take a significant toll on nurses' mental health and well-being and has serious implications for the retention of nurses in the workforce. Nurse educators have struggled to prepare novices to manage EL or find serviceable resources with which to do so within the body of nursing literature, which is dominated by essentially unhelpful narratives and is absent of the practical, real-world wisdom of elder nurses.

Purpose: This exploratory research study illuminated elder nurses' experiential knowledge and beliefs of what is important for novices to learn about EL.

Methods: Conventional Content Analysis (CCA) of qualitative survey data from 688 nurses with 20+ years of experience.

Results: CCA generated descriptive categories and sub-categories: What the elders themselves learned as student nurses, and their advice to novices in the individual realm, ("It's a Thing," healthy disengagement, supporting mental and physical well-being, reframing self-reproach), team realm (peer support, mentors), and institutional realm (structural barriers to mentors' support of novices, building novices' capacities for self-advocacy, resources to support health and well-being).

Conclusions: The elders' data confronted and reframed legacy individuated narratives in the literature by supporting and contextualizing nurses' emotional work. Elders advised novices that EL is a reality requiring concrete strategies to manage it throughout their practices. Elders extended their focus for management of EL beyond the individual to include peer support, mentorship, and the structural conditions in which nurses perform their EL, highlighting the need to empower nurses by building their capacity for self-advocacy of their workers' rights.