Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2022.2042637
Shiori Shakuto
Abstract The study of environmental migration has shown how an attachment to land reduces the perceptions of risks, and how women often lack resources to evacuate. This qualitative study of Japanese women’s migration to Southeast Asia after the Fukushima nuclear disaster complicates the debate by showing that the post-disaster attachment to the land is disrupted by unequal gendered social relations and that digital communication among women provides a wide range of resources and emotional support to differently positioned women. This article shows how gendered social relations and digital communication play a major role in environmental migrant decision making processes in Asia.
{"title":"“Radiation Refugees”: The Role of Gender and Digital Communication in Japanese Women’s Transnational Evacuation after Fukushima","authors":"Shiori Shakuto","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2022.2042637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2022.2042637","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study of environmental migration has shown how an attachment to land reduces the perceptions of risks, and how women often lack resources to evacuate. This qualitative study of Japanese women’s migration to Southeast Asia after the Fukushima nuclear disaster complicates the debate by showing that the post-disaster attachment to the land is disrupted by unequal gendered social relations and that digital communication among women provides a wide range of resources and emotional support to differently positioned women. This article shows how gendered social relations and digital communication play a major role in environmental migrant decision making processes in Asia.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44254643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2022.2044572
Kristel F. Acedera, B. Yeoh
Abstract Familial and intimate relationships at a distance are reconstituted in a multitude of ways, as the proliferation of social media and communication technologies afford the scaling up of privacy and publicness, also blurring the lines between presence and absence in transnational space. Based on a longitudinal and mixed method research on the impact of migration on Filipino left-behind young adult children (n = 28) and their carers (n = 28), we seek to examine the mediation of transnational parenting and how it shapes the ways left-behind sons and daughters (aged 17-19 years old) navigate heteronormative ideals of marriage and familyhood.
{"title":"The Intimate Lives of Left-Behind Young Adults in the Philippines: Social Media, Gendered Intimacies, and Transnational Parenting","authors":"Kristel F. Acedera, B. Yeoh","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2022.2044572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2022.2044572","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Familial and intimate relationships at a distance are reconstituted in a multitude of ways, as the proliferation of social media and communication technologies afford the scaling up of privacy and publicness, also blurring the lines between presence and absence in transnational space. Based on a longitudinal and mixed method research on the impact of migration on Filipino left-behind young adult children (n = 28) and their carers (n = 28), we seek to examine the mediation of transnational parenting and how it shapes the ways left-behind sons and daughters (aged 17-19 years old) navigate heteronormative ideals of marriage and familyhood.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44402273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2022.2056669
Lamis Abdelaaty, R. Hamlin
Abstract This introduction outlines the need for a Special Issue on the topic of the migrant/refugee binary, discusses the contributions of the six papers that make up the issue, and outlines an agenda for future research on this topic.
{"title":"Introduction: The Politics of the Migrant/Refugee Binary","authors":"Lamis Abdelaaty, R. Hamlin","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2022.2056669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2022.2056669","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This introduction outlines the need for a Special Issue on the topic of the migrant/refugee binary, discusses the contributions of the six papers that make up the issue, and outlines an agenda for future research on this topic.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41625294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2022.2032906
Natasha Raheja
Abstract This article examines how Hindu migrant-refugee men use the digital smartphone application WhatsApp to make collective claims on Indian citizenship based on their experiences of exclusion as a religious minority in Pakistan. Drawing on long-term digital and in-person ethnography, I explore the ways that Pakistani Hindu migrant-refugee men commonly exchange images of young Hindu women, reportedly forcefully converted as part of marriages to Muslim men. The circulation of these images on WhatsApp facilitates homosocial bonds between migrant-refugee men based on a shared vulnerability, in contrast with dominant configurations of a muscular Hindu masculinity in India. In addition, men share images from WhatsApp in immigration proceedings, mobilizing them as evidence of religious and caste-based persecution in Pakistan. Mobilizing a wounded masculinity, men’s exchange of images on social media fosters a Pakistani Hindu political community. I argue that these exchanges hinge on gendered hierarchies that shape migrants’ patriarchal claims to citizenship in Hindu majoritarian India.
{"title":"Our Sisters and Daughters: Pakistani Hindu Migrant Masculinities and Digital Claims to Indian Citizenship","authors":"Natasha Raheja","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2022.2032906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2022.2032906","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines how Hindu migrant-refugee men use the digital smartphone application WhatsApp to make collective claims on Indian citizenship based on their experiences of exclusion as a religious minority in Pakistan. Drawing on long-term digital and in-person ethnography, I explore the ways that Pakistani Hindu migrant-refugee men commonly exchange images of young Hindu women, reportedly forcefully converted as part of marriages to Muslim men. The circulation of these images on WhatsApp facilitates homosocial bonds between migrant-refugee men based on a shared vulnerability, in contrast with dominant configurations of a muscular Hindu masculinity in India. In addition, men share images from WhatsApp in immigration proceedings, mobilizing them as evidence of religious and caste-based persecution in Pakistan. Mobilizing a wounded masculinity, men’s exchange of images on social media fosters a Pakistani Hindu political community. I argue that these exchanges hinge on gendered hierarchies that shape migrants’ patriarchal claims to citizenship in Hindu majoritarian India.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48779185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2021.1955174
Shiori Shakuto, B. Yeoh
Abstract In recent decades, the role of digital communication in the lives of migrants in Asia has greatly expanded, becoming integral to the decision to migrate, earning a living, and the practice of keeping in touch with left-behind families and friends. The papers in this Special Issue foreground how gender structures and practices within migrant households and the wider political economy shape migrants’ digital communications. They expand the breadth of our thinking about the interlinkages among gender, migration and digital communication from a range of new subject positions including transnational families, international students, and marginalized minorities in the region.
{"title":"Introduction to Special Issue: Gender, Migration and Digital Communication in Asia","authors":"Shiori Shakuto, B. Yeoh","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2021.1955174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2021.1955174","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent decades, the role of digital communication in the lives of migrants in Asia has greatly expanded, becoming integral to the decision to migrate, earning a living, and the practice of keeping in touch with left-behind families and friends. The papers in this Special Issue foreground how gender structures and practices within migrant households and the wider political economy shape migrants’ digital communications. They expand the breadth of our thinking about the interlinkages among gender, migration and digital communication from a range of new subject positions including transnational families, international students, and marginalized minorities in the region.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43553208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2022.2043507
Shiri Krebs, Kevin L. Cope
Abstract Human rights discourse has become central to the global debates about treatment of and solutions for refugees and displaced persons. Following the expansion of rights-oriented terminology generally, advocates for displacees have increasingly framed their arguments in human rights terms. Many believe that human rights discourse can help mobilize humanitarian solutions for people fleeing violence and persecution. However, we argue that the backlash against human rights institutions and organizations within some communities may render this strategy ineffective and even reinforce exclusionary attitudes among host communities. Based on socio-legal analysis of the refugee label and human rights discourse within Israeli society, we demonstrate how the strategic use of this terminology by pro-refugee NGOs portrays displacees as a security and identity threat to local communities. We suggest alternative framings that might better achieve advocates’ goal of protection.
{"title":"Can Rights Discourse Diminish Support for Displaced Persons?","authors":"Shiri Krebs, Kevin L. Cope","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2022.2043507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2022.2043507","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Human rights discourse has become central to the global debates about treatment of and solutions for refugees and displaced persons. Following the expansion of rights-oriented terminology generally, advocates for displacees have increasingly framed their arguments in human rights terms. Many believe that human rights discourse can help mobilize humanitarian solutions for people fleeing violence and persecution. However, we argue that the backlash against human rights institutions and organizations within some communities may render this strategy ineffective and even reinforce exclusionary attitudes among host communities. Based on socio-legal analysis of the refugee label and human rights discourse within Israeli society, we demonstrate how the strategic use of this terminology by pro-refugee NGOs portrays displacees as a security and identity threat to local communities. We suggest alternative framings that might better achieve advocates’ goal of protection.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42558980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2022.2050455
Clayton Boeyink
Abstract This article deconstructs the migrant/refugee/host ternary at the Tanzania-Burundi borderlands of Kigoma region. I complicate migrant/refugee binary by presenting different trajectories and outcomes of Burundians participating in agricultural systems surrounding refugee camps. This history of migration and displacement is not new, however, but has been impelled since the rise of European colonization. Though never refugees, Tanzanian ‘hosts’ share a history of internal displacement initiated during colonialism. This host label obscures the diversity present in the region. Finally, I call for borderland solidarity and postcolonial reparations for hosts to redress the history of displacement and marginalization in the region.
{"title":"Deconstructing the Migrant/Refugee/Host Ternary in Kigoma, Tanzania: Toward a Borderland Politics of Solidarity and Reparation","authors":"Clayton Boeyink","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2022.2050455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2022.2050455","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article deconstructs the migrant/refugee/host ternary at the Tanzania-Burundi borderlands of Kigoma region. I complicate migrant/refugee binary by presenting different trajectories and outcomes of Burundians participating in agricultural systems surrounding refugee camps. This history of migration and displacement is not new, however, but has been impelled since the rise of European colonization. Though never refugees, Tanzanian ‘hosts’ share a history of internal displacement initiated during colonialism. This host label obscures the diversity present in the region. Finally, I call for borderland solidarity and postcolonial reparations for hosts to redress the history of displacement and marginalization in the region.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44323020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2022.2046895
R. Wilding, Shashini Gamage, Shane Worrell, L. Baldassar
Abstract The pathway to aging well is not always clear for older migrants living in a foreign country, who must navigate a range of challenges resulting from differences between the cultural expectations of aging in their country of origin and the realities of aging in their country of residence. Transnational migration scholars indicate that digital media are important resources for maintaining relationships and support networks across ‘here’ and ‘there’. They say relatively little, however, about the experiences of maintaining a sense of home, particularly for older migrants. In this paper, we draw on ethnographic interview data with older migrants from Sri Lanka and Burma (Myanmar), who live in Australia, to examine how their practices of ‘digital homing’ help them to manage the challenges of aging well in a foreign land. Three key findings are proposed. First, older migrants are active and skilled in using digital devices to create spaces of belonging and home. Second, older migrants’ access to and uses of digital media are structured by gendered, ethnic and generational roles, expectations and obligations. Third, the practices of digital homing that enhance migrant experiences of aging well tend to simultaneously reinforce and reproduce gendered inequalities within families and communities. We conclude by arguing that it is the very capacity of digital homing practices to reproduce ethnic and generational selves in host societies that simultaneously contributes to the reproduction of unequal gendered obligations and expectations, including in later life.
{"title":"Practices of ‘Digital Homing’ and Gendered Reproduction among Older Sinhalese and Karen Migrants in Australia","authors":"R. Wilding, Shashini Gamage, Shane Worrell, L. Baldassar","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2022.2046895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2022.2046895","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The pathway to aging well is not always clear for older migrants living in a foreign country, who must navigate a range of challenges resulting from differences between the cultural expectations of aging in their country of origin and the realities of aging in their country of residence. Transnational migration scholars indicate that digital media are important resources for maintaining relationships and support networks across ‘here’ and ‘there’. They say relatively little, however, about the experiences of maintaining a sense of home, particularly for older migrants. In this paper, we draw on ethnographic interview data with older migrants from Sri Lanka and Burma (Myanmar), who live in Australia, to examine how their practices of ‘digital homing’ help them to manage the challenges of aging well in a foreign land. Three key findings are proposed. First, older migrants are active and skilled in using digital devices to create spaces of belonging and home. Second, older migrants’ access to and uses of digital media are structured by gendered, ethnic and generational roles, expectations and obligations. Third, the practices of digital homing that enhance migrant experiences of aging well tend to simultaneously reinforce and reproduce gendered inequalities within families and communities. We conclude by arguing that it is the very capacity of digital homing practices to reproduce ethnic and generational selves in host societies that simultaneously contributes to the reproduction of unequal gendered obligations and expectations, including in later life.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49100311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2021.1980172
Eleanor Paynter
Abstract Focusing on Europe’s 2015 crisis in Italy and drawing on Balibar’s notion of “crisis racism,” this article discusses how the amplification of the refugee/economic migrant binary in “crisis” contexts carries asylum adjudication beyond courts, into the public sphere. Analyzing policy-related discourse and interviews with asylum seekers, I discuss how crisis racism feeds a culture of suspicion toward Black subjects, and how migrants understand their deservingness of protection in relation to social belonging. In crisis contexts, notions of deservingness have heightened significance for authorities, publics, and migrants, bolstering anti-Black racism, threatening asylum regimes, and putting migrants’ lives at risk.
{"title":"Border Crises and Migrant Deservingness: How the Refugee/Economic Migrant Binary Racializes Asylum and Affects Migrants’ Navigation of Reception","authors":"Eleanor Paynter","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2021.1980172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2021.1980172","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Focusing on Europe’s 2015 crisis in Italy and drawing on Balibar’s notion of “crisis racism,” this article discusses how the amplification of the refugee/economic migrant binary in “crisis” contexts carries asylum adjudication beyond courts, into the public sphere. Analyzing policy-related discourse and interviews with asylum seekers, I discuss how crisis racism feeds a culture of suspicion toward Black subjects, and how migrants understand their deservingness of protection in relation to social belonging. In crisis contexts, notions of deservingness have heightened significance for authorities, publics, and migrants, bolstering anti-Black racism, threatening asylum regimes, and putting migrants’ lives at risk.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48516043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2021.2010156
G. Tran
Abstract This paper unpacks 20 Vietnamese-Canadians’ sentiments of indifference toward or opposition to Canada’s resettlement of Syrian refugees. I argue that participants center their understanding of ‘refugee’ around their diasporic journeys on boats to memorialize their visceral suffering and to position themselves as deserving of entry into Canada atop a hierarchy of legitimacy. In doing so, participants police ‘refugee’ as an identity category to reassert themselves as refugees and Syrians as migrants, thus constructing Vietnamese refugees’ pathways to citizenship as more legitimate. This article highlights how refugees’ self-understandings may be relational and evolve as new arrivals hold the same identity.
{"title":"“We Are the Real, Original Refugees”: The Dynamic Nature of Processes of Vietnamese Refugees’ Self-Conceptualization","authors":"G. Tran","doi":"10.1080/15562948.2021.2010156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2021.2010156","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper unpacks 20 Vietnamese-Canadians’ sentiments of indifference toward or opposition to Canada’s resettlement of Syrian refugees. I argue that participants center their understanding of ‘refugee’ around their diasporic journeys on boats to memorialize their visceral suffering and to position themselves as deserving of entry into Canada atop a hierarchy of legitimacy. In doing so, participants police ‘refugee’ as an identity category to reassert themselves as refugees and Syrians as migrants, thus constructing Vietnamese refugees’ pathways to citizenship as more legitimate. This article highlights how refugees’ self-understandings may be relational and evolve as new arrivals hold the same identity.","PeriodicalId":46673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60056604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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