Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09600-4
J. Marcum
{"title":"Johnson, James A., Douglas E. Anderson, and Caren C. Rossow. Health Systems thinking: a primer. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2020. 138 pp. ISBN 9781284167146","authors":"J. Marcum","doi":"10.1007/s11017-022-09600-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-022-09600-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46703,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47782465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-10DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09589-w
Jacopo Morelli
{"title":"S. Clarke, H. Zohny and J. Savulescu (eds), Rethinking Moral Status, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021, ISBN: 978-0-19-289407-6","authors":"Jacopo Morelli","doi":"10.1007/s11017-022-09589-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-022-09589-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46703,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41248785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09571-6
Lainie F Ross
{"title":"A festschrift in memory of Robert M. Veatch.","authors":"Lainie F Ross","doi":"10.1007/s11017-022-09571-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-022-09571-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46703,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9073782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09579-y
Christine Grady
Well before patient-centered or patient-controlled research became trendy, and earlier than calls to preferentially refer to research subjects as participants, Bob Veatch wrote "The Patient as Partner" Veatch presciently argued that research patients should not be thought of as passive subjects nor material from which to obtain data, but rather as partners in discovery. In this manuscript, I will explore Veatch's conception of patient as partner in research and how that idea has evolved and been implemented over time and consider some of the remaining challenges. Complexities of patient partnership include: clarifying the types of research in which patient partnership is most appropriate, recognizing the various possible levels of patient engagement in each case, avoiding tokenism and striving for respectful partnership, and keeping in mind the appropriate implementation of protections and safeguards. Bob Veatch would be pleased with the progress that has been made in creating research partnerships with patients, while also undoubtedly pushing us to continue to do better.
早在以患者为中心或患者控制的研究成为潮流之前,早在优先将研究对象称为参与者的呼吁之前,鲍勃·韦奇(Bob Veatch)就撰写了《作为合作伙伴的患者》(The Patient as Partner)一书。韦奇很有先见之明地认为,研究患者不应被视为被动的研究对象,也不应被视为获取数据的材料,而应被视为发现的合作伙伴。在本文中,我将探讨威奇将患者作为研究伙伴的理念,以及这一理念是如何随着时间的推移而发展和实施的,并考虑一些仍然存在的挑战。患者伙伴关系的复杂性包括:澄清最适合患者伙伴关系的研究类型,认识到每种情况下患者参与的各种可能水平,避免表面现象并努力建立尊重的伙伴关系,并牢记适当实施保护和保障措施。Bob Veatch会对我们在与患者建立研究伙伴关系方面取得的进展感到高兴,同时也无疑会推动我们继续做得更好。
{"title":"The evolution of research participant as partner: the seminal contributions of Bob Veatch.","authors":"Christine Grady","doi":"10.1007/s11017-022-09579-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-022-09579-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Well before patient-centered or patient-controlled research became trendy, and earlier than calls to preferentially refer to research subjects as participants, Bob Veatch wrote \"The Patient as Partner\" Veatch presciently argued that research patients should not be thought of as passive subjects nor material from which to obtain data, but rather as partners in discovery. In this manuscript, I will explore Veatch's conception of patient as partner in research and how that idea has evolved and been implemented over time and consider some of the remaining challenges. Complexities of patient partnership include: clarifying the types of research in which patient partnership is most appropriate, recognizing the various possible levels of patient engagement in each case, avoiding tokenism and striving for respectful partnership, and keeping in mind the appropriate implementation of protections and safeguards. Bob Veatch would be pleased with the progress that has been made in creating research partnerships with patients, while also undoubtedly pushing us to continue to do better.</p>","PeriodicalId":46703,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10516014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-07-13DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09572-5
Lainie Friedman Ross
A diverse group of scholars reflect on the scholarship of Robert M. Veatch, the breadth of which is unmatched in modern day bioethics. Essays were written by both philosophers and clinician-philosophers, by contemporaries and mentees. They span the breadth of Bob's work and include analyses of his ideas about death, dying and organ transplantation, human experimentation and research ethics, disability, equality and justice, the doctor-patient relationship, the history of bioethics, as well as his pedagogical approach to teaching bioethics to clinicians across the health care spectrum. Recognition of Bob's influence in the modern field of bioethics and the challenges that persist are clearly identified.
形形色色的学者对罗伯特·m·韦奇(Robert M. Veatch)的学术研究进行了反思,其广度在现代生物伦理学中是无与伦比的。论文的作者既有哲学家,也有临床哲学家,既有同时代的人,也有学生。这些书涵盖了鲍勃的工作范围,包括对他关于死亡、死亡和器官移植、人体实验和研究伦理、残疾、平等和正义、医患关系、生物伦理学历史的观点的分析,以及他向医疗保健领域的临床医生教授生物伦理学的教学方法。认识到鲍勃在现代生物伦理学领域的影响和持续存在的挑战是明确的。
{"title":"The philosopher as partner: an introduction to the scholarship of Robert M. Veatch.","authors":"Lainie Friedman Ross","doi":"10.1007/s11017-022-09572-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-022-09572-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A diverse group of scholars reflect on the scholarship of Robert M. Veatch, the breadth of which is unmatched in modern day bioethics. Essays were written by both philosophers and clinician-philosophers, by contemporaries and mentees. They span the breadth of Bob's work and include analyses of his ideas about death, dying and organ transplantation, human experimentation and research ethics, disability, equality and justice, the doctor-patient relationship, the history of bioethics, as well as his pedagogical approach to teaching bioethics to clinicians across the health care spectrum. Recognition of Bob's influence in the modern field of bioethics and the challenges that persist are clearly identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":46703,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9281290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40502988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09573-4
Tom L Beauchamp
In this essay, I describe Bob Veatch's career from the perspective of a colleague and friend. Bob and I started our professional careers at the same time and quickly came into professional contact. With Bob's move from the Hastings Center to the Kennedy Institute, we became colleagues and worked for almost a decade on our book on death and dying. He was an outstanding co-editor and author. I believe he knew more about the philosophically connected issues in this area of bioethics than anyone publishing in the area, and it was an area of intellectual interest that he pursued throughout his career. Beyond bioethics, Bob and I shared our shared love of contemporary bluegrass music, especially the songs of The Seldom Scene. Bob studied them much as he studied bioethics-with deep knowledge and seriousness. He was just a scholar by nature and with excellent training and experience. If we were to create a Hall of Fame for bioethics, Bob might be the first person elected.
{"title":"Robert Veatch's early career in bioethics, contributions to the field, and career at Georgetown University.","authors":"Tom L Beauchamp","doi":"10.1007/s11017-022-09573-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-022-09573-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this essay, I describe Bob Veatch's career from the perspective of a colleague and friend. Bob and I started our professional careers at the same time and quickly came into professional contact. With Bob's move from the Hastings Center to the Kennedy Institute, we became colleagues and worked for almost a decade on our book on death and dying. He was an outstanding co-editor and author. I believe he knew more about the philosophically connected issues in this area of bioethics than anyone publishing in the area, and it was an area of intellectual interest that he pursued throughout his career. Beyond bioethics, Bob and I shared our shared love of contemporary bluegrass music, especially the songs of The Seldom Scene. Bob studied them much as he studied bioethics-with deep knowledge and seriousness. He was just a scholar by nature and with excellent training and experience. If we were to create a Hall of Fame for bioethics, Bob might be the first person elected.</p>","PeriodicalId":46703,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33519414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-07-18DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09576-1
Laurence B McCullough
In his Disrupted Dialogue: Medical Ethics and the Collapse of Physician-Humanist Communication (1770-1980) Robert Veatch presents a scholarly tour de force of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Anglophone medical ethics to demonstrate how the easy communication between physicians and humanists in the Scottish Enlightenment progressively dissipated as medicine became detached from humanistic disciplines. In this paper I offer two comments-that the discourse of medical ethics in the Scottish Enlightenment was a discourse of Baconian moral science and that nineteenth-century medical ethics in the United States became detached from that discourse. The result was that a principal resource for physicians at the birth of bioethics, the American Medical Association's Principles of Medicine Ethics of 1957, did not equip physicians with the conceptual tools they needed to formulate and address the ethical challenges that became the agenda of bioethics. The paper opens with a brief portrait of Robert Veatch, the author's connections to him, and his little-known role as an impresario of the classical music of the Blue Ridge and Appalachia.
在他的《中断的对话:医学伦理和医生-人文主义交流的崩溃》(1770-1980)中,Robert Veatch展示了18世纪和19世纪英语医学伦理的学术力作,以证明苏格兰启蒙运动时期医生和人文主义之间的轻松交流是如何随着医学与人文学科的分离而逐渐消失的。在这篇论文中,我提出了两点评论——苏格兰启蒙运动时期的医学伦理学论述是培根式道德科学的论述,而19世纪美国的医学伦理学则脱离了这种论述。结果是,在生命伦理学诞生时,医生的主要资源——1957年美国医学协会(American Medical Association)的《医学伦理学原则》(Principles of Medicine Ethics)——并没有为医生提供他们需要的概念工具,来制定和解决成为生命伦理学议程的伦理挑战。文章开篇简要介绍了罗伯特·韦奇,作者与他的关系,以及他作为蓝岭和阿巴拉契亚地区古典音乐经理的鲜为人知的角色。
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Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-09-12DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09577-0
Amy Haddad
Robert Veatch was a notable and prolific author in a variety of areas in philosophy, health care practice, and policy. However, it is evident by the sheer number of case study in ethics books, eighteen editions of case collections in all, that this approach to teaching ethics in the health sciences was especially important to him. A few of these case study collections he wrote alone, but the majority were written with co-authors from nursing, dentistry, pharmacy, allied health, and medicine, drawing on their respective areas of disciplinary expertise and experience as educators. The aim of this article is to focus on the pedagogy and framework Veatch developed to expose students to the rudiments of philosophical ethics so they could understand the conflicts between values, principles, and ethical theories. Authentic clinical cases, he believed, were a useful way to engage students. Putting the two ideas together, Veatch argued the best method of structuring cases is "bootlegging theory in a topical structure" (Veatch, Robert M., Case analysis in ethics instruction. In: Amy Haddad (ed) Teaching and learning strategies in pharmacy ethics, Creighton University, Omaha, 85-97, 1992). Veatch's rationale for this carefully planned systematic arrangement between case topics and philosophical ethics content are presented. The influence and input of co-authors from different disciplines are explored regarding case development and commentary content. Finally, the impact of these interdisciplinary case study textbooks on ethics instruction in the health sciences is evaluated.
罗伯特·韦奇是一位著名的多产作家,在哲学、卫生保健实践和政策等各个领域都有著述。然而,从伦理学书籍中案例研究的数量(总共有18个版本的案例集)可以明显看出,这种在健康科学中教授伦理学的方法对他来说尤其重要。这些案例研究集中有一些是他独自撰写的,但大多数是与来自护理,牙科,药学,联合健康和医学的共同作者撰写的,利用了他们各自领域的学科专业知识和作为教育者的经验。这篇文章的目的是关注威奇开发的教学方法和框架,让学生接触到哲学伦理的基本原理,这样他们就能理解价值观、原则和伦理理论之间的冲突。他认为,真实的临床案例是吸引学生的有效途径。把这两个观点结合在一起,Veatch认为构建案例的最佳方法是“主题结构中的私酒理论”(Robert M. Veatch,伦理学教学中的案例分析)。见:Amy Haddad(编)《药学伦理的教学与学习策略》,Creighton University, Omaha, 85-97, 1992)。提出了威奇在案例主题和哲学伦理内容之间精心策划的系统安排的基本原理。在案例发展和评论内容方面,探讨了来自不同学科的合著者的影响和投入。最后,评估这些跨学科案例研究教科书对健康科学伦理教学的影响。
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Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09578-z
Anne Drapkin Lyerly
In this paper, I reflect on an important article by Bob Veatch in the inaugural issue of the Hastings Center Report, entitled "Experimental Pregnancy." It is a report and elegant analysis of the Goldzieher Study, in which nearly 400 women were randomized to receive hormonal contraception or placebo absent consent or disclosure about placebo use, resulting in several pregnancies. Noting the study's limited notoriety, I first consider the narratives that have instead dominated bioethics' approach to pregnancy and research: thalidomide and diethylstibesterol (DES). These narratives have facilitated a narrow focus on avoiding fetal risk, to the exclusion of other ethically relevant considerations. I then revisit "Experimental Pregnancy" and offer two ways in which Bob's analysis serves as an important corrective, first, by foregrounding research subjects (persons who are or may become pregnant), and second, by normalizing pregnancy and thus foregrounding foundational ethical considerations that are sometimes lost amidst pregnancy's presumed exceptionalism.
{"title":"'Experimental pregnancy' revisited.","authors":"Anne Drapkin Lyerly","doi":"10.1007/s11017-022-09578-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-022-09578-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, I reflect on an important article by Bob Veatch in the inaugural issue of the Hastings Center Report, entitled \"Experimental Pregnancy.\" It is a report and elegant analysis of the Goldzieher Study, in which nearly 400 women were randomized to receive hormonal contraception or placebo absent consent or disclosure about placebo use, resulting in several pregnancies. Noting the study's limited notoriety, I first consider the narratives that have instead dominated bioethics' approach to pregnancy and research: thalidomide and diethylstibesterol (DES). These narratives have facilitated a narrow focus on avoiding fetal risk, to the exclusion of other ethically relevant considerations. I then revisit \"Experimental Pregnancy\" and offer two ways in which Bob's analysis serves as an important corrective, first, by foregrounding research subjects (persons who are or may become pregnant), and second, by normalizing pregnancy and thus foregrounding foundational ethical considerations that are sometimes lost amidst pregnancy's presumed exceptionalism.</p>","PeriodicalId":46703,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9299403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40621037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-08-20DOI: 10.1007/s11017-022-09575-2
Laura Guidry-Grimes
Robert Veatch's The Foundations of Justice: Why the Retarded and the Rest of Us Have Claims to Equality (1986) delves into deep questions of justice through the case of a child with disabilities. I describe what is basically right about this vision, as well as what is problematic from the standpoint of contemporary disability bioethics. From there, I dive into the notion of vulnerability that is at play in his work. He describes disability as necessarily a condition of weakness, lesser-than existence, and neediness. When disability is viewed in this way as an inherently vulnerable state of being, the essential sociopolitical dimensions of disability receive inadequate attention, which, in turn, makes it impossible to identify injustices correctly. I connect these points to concrete challenges faced by disability communities during the COVID-19 pandemic, which have raised profound questions about the just use of scarce critical care resources. Any case drawn from the pandemic is a very different kind of case than that of the child in Veatch's book, but a commonality is the question of who should get what limited resources when needs and urgency vary.
{"title":"Disability bioethics and the commitment to equality.","authors":"Laura Guidry-Grimes","doi":"10.1007/s11017-022-09575-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-022-09575-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Robert Veatch's The Foundations of Justice: Why the Retarded and the Rest of Us Have Claims to Equality (1986) delves into deep questions of justice through the case of a child with disabilities. I describe what is basically right about this vision, as well as what is problematic from the standpoint of contemporary disability bioethics. From there, I dive into the notion of vulnerability that is at play in his work. He describes disability as necessarily a condition of weakness, lesser-than existence, and neediness. When disability is viewed in this way as an inherently vulnerable state of being, the essential sociopolitical dimensions of disability receive inadequate attention, which, in turn, makes it impossible to identify injustices correctly. I connect these points to concrete challenges faced by disability communities during the COVID-19 pandemic, which have raised profound questions about the just use of scarce critical care resources. Any case drawn from the pandemic is a very different kind of case than that of the child in Veatch's book, but a commonality is the question of who should get what limited resources when needs and urgency vary.</p>","PeriodicalId":46703,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9391207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40623847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}