A. Godard, P. Caro, E. Vedrenne, Z. Mouloungui, S. Thiebaud-Roux
In a context of dwindling oil reserves and environmental pressures, the chemical industry needs to innovate by developing new processes for producing bioproducts from raw plant materials. Unsaturated fatty acids from vegetable oils constitute a highly promising renewable resource that can be used to diversify productions, decreasing reliance on petroleum. A starting material rich in oleic acid has been obtained through the selection of high-oleic sunflower varieties and enzymatic hydrolysis of the oil they produce. The double bonds of this unsaturated raw material have been cleaved in green oxidizing conditions involving a biphasic lipophilic-aqueous system including hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant and a peroxo-tungsten complex Q3 {PO2 [WO(O2 )2 ]4 } as a phase-transfer catalyst (PTC) and co-oxidant. This PTC efficiently transferred oxygen to the substrate in the lipophilic phase. A mono-acid (pelargonic acid) and a di-acid (azelaic acid), with shorter, unusual hydrocarbon chains not present in the natural state, were synthesized and purified through an intensive process. Pelargonic acid was then formulated as an environmentally friendly biocontrol agent for weeds. We extended this green process of oxidative scission to other fatty acids and derivatives, to obtain other short-chain acids with diverse potential applications. This production chain (crops, reaction and purification processes, products, applications) is based on a sustainable development strategy.
{"title":"From crops to products for crops: preserving the ecosystem through the use of bio-based molecules","authors":"A. Godard, P. Caro, E. Vedrenne, Z. Mouloungui, S. Thiebaud-Roux","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2016037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2016037","url":null,"abstract":"In a context of dwindling oil reserves and environmental pressures, the chemical industry needs to innovate by developing new processes for producing bioproducts from raw plant materials. Unsaturated fatty acids from vegetable oils constitute a highly promising renewable resource that can be used to diversify productions, decreasing reliance on petroleum. A starting material rich in oleic acid has been obtained through the selection of high-oleic sunflower varieties and enzymatic hydrolysis of the oil they produce. The double bonds of this unsaturated raw material have been cleaved in green oxidizing conditions involving a biphasic lipophilic-aqueous system including hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant and a peroxo-tungsten complex Q3 {PO2 [WO(O2 )2 ]4 } as a phase-transfer catalyst (PTC) and co-oxidant. This PTC efficiently transferred oxygen to the substrate in the lipophilic phase. A mono-acid (pelargonic acid) and a di-acid (azelaic acid), with shorter, unusual hydrocarbon chains not present in the natural state, were synthesized and purified through an intensive process. Pelargonic acid was then formulated as an environmentally friendly biocontrol agent for weeds. We extended this green process of oxidative scission to other fatty acids and derivatives, to obtain other short-chain acids with diverse potential applications. This production chain (crops, reaction and purification processes, products, applications) is based on a sustainable development strategy.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1051/OCL/2016037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72534260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Wanasundara, T. McIntosh, S. Perera, Thushan S. Withana‐Gamage, P. Mitra
Protein rich meal is a valuable co-product of canola/rapeseed oil extraction. Seed storage proteins that include cruciferin (11S) and napin (2S) dominate the protein complement of canola while oleosins, lipid transfer proteins and other minor proteins of non-storage nature are also found. Although oil-free canola meal contains 36–40% protein on a dry weight basis, non-protein components including fibre, polymeric phenolics, phytates and sinapine, etc . of the seed coat and cellular components make protein less suitable for food use. Separation of canola protein from non-protein components is a technical challenge but necessary to obtain full nutritional and functional potential of protein. Process conditions of raw material and protein preparation are critical of nutritional and functional value of the final protein product. The storage proteins of canola can satisfy many nutritional and functional requirements for food applications. Protein macromolecules of canola also provide functionalities required in applications beyond edible uses; there exists substantial potential as a source of plant protein and a renewable biopolymer. Available information at present is mostly based on the protein products that can be obtained as mixtures of storage protein types and other chemical constituents of the seed; therefore, full potential of canola storage proteins is yet to be revealed.
{"title":"Canola/rapeseed protein-functionality and nutrition","authors":"J. Wanasundara, T. McIntosh, S. Perera, Thushan S. Withana‐Gamage, P. Mitra","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2016028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2016028","url":null,"abstract":"Protein rich meal is a valuable co-product of canola/rapeseed oil extraction. Seed storage proteins that include cruciferin (11S) and napin (2S) dominate the protein complement of canola while oleosins, lipid transfer proteins and other minor proteins of non-storage nature are also found. Although oil-free canola meal contains 36–40% protein on a dry weight basis, non-protein components including fibre, polymeric phenolics, phytates and sinapine, etc . of the seed coat and cellular components make protein less suitable for food use. Separation of canola protein from non-protein components is a technical challenge but necessary to obtain full nutritional and functional potential of protein. Process conditions of raw material and protein preparation are critical of nutritional and functional value of the final protein product. The storage proteins of canola can satisfy many nutritional and functional requirements for food applications. Protein macromolecules of canola also provide functionalities required in applications beyond edible uses; there exists substantial potential as a source of plant protein and a renewable biopolymer. Available information at present is mostly based on the protein products that can be obtained as mixtures of storage protein types and other chemical constituents of the seed; therefore, full potential of canola storage proteins is yet to be revealed.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87647415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
De nombreux travaux ont associe le microbiote intestinal au developpement de desordres metaboliques. Parmi les mecanismes potentiellement impliques dans le dialogue bacteries-hotes, le systeme endocannabinoide (eCB) et ses lipides bioactifs jouent un role important. Nos travaux suggerent l’existence d’un dialogue a double-sens entre l’organisme et les bacteries : le tissu adipeux controlerait la fonction barriere de l’intestin; et les bacteries de l’intestin seraient capables de controler le metabolisme du tissu adipeux.
{"title":"Microbiote intestinal et obésité : impact des lipides bioactifs issus du système endocannabinoïde","authors":"Patrice D Cani","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2016011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2016011","url":null,"abstract":"De nombreux travaux ont associe le microbiote intestinal au developpement de desordres metaboliques. Parmi les mecanismes potentiellement impliques dans le dialogue bacteries-hotes, le systeme endocannabinoide (eCB) et ses lipides bioactifs jouent un role important. Nos travaux suggerent l’existence d’un dialogue a double-sens entre l’organisme et les bacteries : le tissu adipeux controlerait la fonction barriere de l’intestin; et les bacteries de l’intestin seraient capables de controler le metabolisme du tissu adipeux.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76252231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many enzymes metabolizing essential fatty acids (EFA) do not discriminate much between the n-3 and n-6 structures. Thus, relative abundances of competing n-3 and n-6 acids influence relative rates of reaction during hydrolysis, activation, elongation, desaturation and acyl transfer that control the balance of n-3 and n-6 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) accumulated in tissues. An empirical competitive, hyperbolic equation describes how dietary EFA maintain tissue HUFA balance. The %n-6 in HUFA is a useful biomarker for average dietary intakes of n-3 and n-6 EFA. An Omega 3-6 Balance Score combines data on eleven competing EFA in a food and expresses them as a single number. Average daily food scores range from –7 to +2, relating to HUFA balances from 81% to 30% n-6 in HUFA. The HUFA released by phospholipase provide substrates that form important hormone-like bioactive lipids. Formation and action is more intense with n-6 than n-3 mediators, allowing n-6 eicosanoids to shift healthy physiology toward pathophysiology for people who have a high proportion of n-6 arachidonate in tissue HUFA. The HUFA balance, expressed as the %n-6 in HUFA, is a useful biomarker for health risk assessment. The biomarker makes evident that, in the absence of dietary n-3 nutrients, dietary n-6 linoleate has a very narrow therapeutic window, and it can be widened by dietary n-3 nutrients. A useful concept for preventive nutrition is to NIX the 6 while you EAT the 3.
{"title":"Choosing foods to balance competing n-3 and n-6 HUFA and their actions","authors":"B. Lands","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2015017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2015017","url":null,"abstract":"Many enzymes metabolizing essential fatty acids (EFA) do not discriminate much between the n-3 and n-6 structures. Thus, relative abundances of competing n-3 and n-6 acids influence relative rates of reaction during hydrolysis, activation, elongation, desaturation and acyl transfer that control the balance of n-3 and n-6 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) accumulated in tissues. An empirical competitive, hyperbolic equation describes how dietary EFA maintain tissue HUFA balance. The %n-6 in HUFA is a useful biomarker for average dietary intakes of n-3 and n-6 EFA. An Omega 3-6 Balance Score combines data on eleven competing EFA in a food and expresses them as a single number. Average daily food scores range from –7 to +2, relating to HUFA balances from 81% to 30% n-6 in HUFA. The HUFA released by phospholipase provide substrates that form important hormone-like bioactive lipids. Formation and action is more intense with n-6 than n-3 mediators, allowing n-6 eicosanoids to shift healthy physiology toward pathophysiology for people who have a high proportion of n-6 arachidonate in tissue HUFA. The HUFA balance, expressed as the %n-6 in HUFA, is a useful biomarker for health risk assessment. The biomarker makes evident that, in the absence of dietary n-3 nutrients, dietary n-6 linoleate has a very narrow therapeutic window, and it can be widened by dietary n-3 nutrients. A useful concept for preventive nutrition is to NIX the 6 while you EAT the 3.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90315920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Les materiaux a base de fibres vegetales techniques (lin et chanvre) sont une realite depuis plusieurs annees. Une etude recente de FranceAgriMer (Thonier et Bono, 2015) montre que leur developpement est une realite tout particulierement dans le domaine du bâtiment (isolation, panneaux de particules, betons), du transport (plasturgie, composite) et plus recemment des sports et loisirs et du luxe. Ces developpements permettent de valoriser les proprietes differenciantes du lin fibre et du chanvre en matiere de performance mecanique, de legerete, d’amortissement des vibrations, d’isolation thermique ou phonique, d’absorption/desorption ou de bilan ecologique. La poursuite de leur deploiement repose sur la capacite de nos filieres a lever les principaux verrous technologiques encore a l’œuvre, a savoir : (1) amelioration des performances mecaniques par le fractionnement, (2) apport de nouvelles fonctions que le vegetal n’a pas naturellement, (3) amelioration de la mise en œuvre des fractions en semi-produits et en materiaux, (4) maitrise de la reproductibilite des performances. Elle repose egalement sur la capacite de l’ensemble des acteurs de ces filieres a structurer des filieres d’approvisionnement reconnues, permettant d’amener sur le marche une gamme complete de solutions (fibres, poudres, granulats, compounds, non-tisses, rovings, tisses), adaptees aux cahiers des charges clients, a un prix acceptable par tous les maillons de la chaine de valeur. Une nouvelle economie est en train de naitre.
{"title":"Matériaux : les nouveaux champs de recherche et développement pour la valorisation des fibres végétales techniques (lin fibres et chanvre)","authors":"P. Bono, A. L. Duc, M. Lozachmeur, Arnaud Day","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2015041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2015041","url":null,"abstract":"Les materiaux a base de fibres vegetales techniques (lin et chanvre) sont une realite depuis plusieurs annees. Une etude recente de FranceAgriMer (Thonier et Bono, 2015) montre que leur developpement est une realite tout particulierement dans le domaine du bâtiment (isolation, panneaux de particules, betons), du transport (plasturgie, composite) et plus recemment des sports et loisirs et du luxe. Ces developpements permettent de valoriser les proprietes differenciantes du lin fibre et du chanvre en matiere de performance mecanique, de legerete, d’amortissement des vibrations, d’isolation thermique ou phonique, d’absorption/desorption ou de bilan ecologique. La poursuite de leur deploiement repose sur la capacite de nos filieres a lever les principaux verrous technologiques encore a l’œuvre, a savoir : (1) amelioration des performances mecaniques par le fractionnement, (2) apport de nouvelles fonctions que le vegetal n’a pas naturellement, (3) amelioration de la mise en œuvre des fractions en semi-produits et en materiaux, (4) maitrise de la reproductibilite des performances. Elle repose egalement sur la capacite de l’ensemble des acteurs de ces filieres a structurer des filieres d’approvisionnement reconnues, permettant d’amener sur le marche une gamme complete de solutions (fibres, poudres, granulats, compounds, non-tisses, rovings, tisses), adaptees aux cahiers des charges clients, a un prix acceptable par tous les maillons de la chaine de valeur. Une nouvelle economie est en train de naitre.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89529582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research is being carried out to diversify the sources of n-3 fatty acid-rich lipids for animal feed. In this study, 3 batches of 12 pigs with between 50 and 105 kg of live weight, received isolipidic diets containing either palm oil (PO), or rapeseed oil (CO), or hemp oil (HO) (providing respectively 0.6; 1.9 and 3.4 g of C18:3 n-3 (ALA) /kg of feed). The quantity of ALA deposited in the meat is higher ( p < 0.001) in the HO pigs. Hemp oil may be an interesting source of ALA to improve the nutritional quality of pork.
{"title":"Effect of introducing hemp oil into feed on the nutritional quality of pig meat","authors":"J. Mourot, M. Guillevic","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2015035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2015035","url":null,"abstract":"Research is being carried out to diversify the sources of n-3 fatty acid-rich lipids for animal feed. In this study, 3 batches of 12 pigs with between 50 and 105 kg of live weight, received isolipidic diets containing either palm oil (PO), or rapeseed oil (CO), or hemp oil (HO) (providing respectively 0.6; 1.9 and 3.4 g of C18:3 n-3 (ALA) /kg of feed). The quantity of ALA deposited in the meat is higher ( p < 0.001) in the HO pigs. Hemp oil may be an interesting source of ALA to improve the nutritional quality of pork.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73686922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Fine, J. L. Lucas, J. Chardigny, B. Redlingshöfer, M. Renard
INRA has initiated a comprehensive approach to food loss and waste for all the plant and animal sectors, from field to distribution. In this study, all comestibles that leave the human food chain and are not recycled into animal feed are considered as losses and waste. The main French oilseed sectors are studied (rapeseed, sunflower and soya, as well as tofu). In order to identify the key sources of loss, all of the various steps in the process of the oleaginous production chain are described, from harvesting through to distribution, including storage, transport, crushing, refining and packaging. For tofu, the study also examines the chain from harvest through to distribution, including as soy milk and tofu paste. Published data are lacking; they were therefore primarily collected directly from professionals in the sectors concerned. Although oilseeds and vegetable oils are apt to have a relatively long shelf-life compared to other products, losses of vegetable oil from field to distribution are substantial (approximately 71.4 kT, equivalent to 10% of the amount consumed in France). We establish that the principal steps giving rise to losses are harvesting and refining. Total losses in French rapeseed oil, sunflower and soybean were estimated at 9.8%, 7.0% and 6.0% of their respective total potential production, worth approximately 50.6, 14.3 and 6.5 e million and equivalent to the annual consumption of approximately 3 030 000, 855 000 and 390 000 people. In the case of tofu, harvest is the most important area of loss. Total losses of tofu are equivalent to 8.2% of potential production. We discuss potential measures to improve the efficiency of the individual steps of French oilseed production.
{"title":"Food losses and waste in the French oilcrops sector","authors":"F. Fine, J. L. Lucas, J. Chardigny, B. Redlingshöfer, M. Renard","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2015012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2015012","url":null,"abstract":"INRA has initiated a comprehensive approach to food loss and waste for all the plant and animal sectors, from field to distribution. In this study, all comestibles that leave the human food chain and are not recycled into animal feed are considered as losses and waste. The main French oilseed sectors are studied (rapeseed, sunflower and soya, as well as tofu). In order to identify the key sources of loss, all of the various steps in the process of the oleaginous production chain are described, from harvesting through to distribution, including storage, transport, crushing, refining and packaging. For tofu, the study also examines the chain from harvest through to distribution, including as soy milk and tofu paste. Published data are lacking; they were therefore primarily collected directly from professionals in the sectors concerned. Although oilseeds and vegetable oils are apt to have a relatively long shelf-life compared to other products, losses of vegetable oil from field to distribution are substantial (approximately 71.4 kT, equivalent to 10% of the amount consumed in France). We establish that the principal steps giving rise to losses are harvesting and refining. Total losses in French rapeseed oil, sunflower and soybean were estimated at 9.8%, 7.0% and 6.0% of their respective total potential production, worth approximately 50.6, 14.3 and 6.5 e million and equivalent to the annual consumption of approximately 3 030 000, 855 000 and 390 000 people. In the case of tofu, harvest is the most important area of loss. Total losses of tofu are equivalent to 8.2% of potential production. We discuss potential measures to improve the efficiency of the individual steps of French oilseed production.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74599138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present article explores the origin and changes in partnership agreements established between agro-industries and oil palm smallholders in Cameroon. The different forms of partnership which have existed over the years in the oil palm sector until now are assessed, notably the FONADER-sponsored smallholder scheme (1978 to 1991) and more recently the Afriland First Bank sponsored villagisation project of Socapalm Eseka (2007/2008 to present). Special attention is given to the factors and conditions that have influenced the outcomes of these partnerships, specifically the failure of the FONADER-sponsored smallholder scheme. The authors conclude that with the current absence of steady support from the government to oil palm smallholders, especially after the implementation of the structural adjustment plans, private partnership schemes between agro-industries and oil palm smallholders could be highly profitable for both stakeholders. Such partnerships can foster social cohesion and limit further encroachment of agro-industries into the primary forest, provided such partnership agreements are carefully planned and adequately implemented.
{"title":"History of partnership between agro-industries and oil palm smallholders in Cameroon","authors":"R. Nkongho, Thomas Eric Ndjogui, P. Levang","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2015005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2015005","url":null,"abstract":"The present article explores the origin and changes in partnership agreements established between agro-industries and oil palm smallholders in Cameroon. The different forms of partnership which have existed over the years in the oil palm sector until now are assessed, notably the FONADER-sponsored smallholder scheme (1978 to 1991) and more recently the Afriland First Bank sponsored villagisation project of Socapalm Eseka (2007/2008 to present). Special attention is given to the factors and conditions that have influenced the outcomes of these partnerships, specifically the failure of the FONADER-sponsored smallholder scheme. The authors conclude that with the current absence of steady support from the government to oil palm smallholders, especially after the implementation of the structural adjustment plans, private partnership schemes between agro-industries and oil palm smallholders could be highly profitable for both stakeholders. Such partnerships can foster social cohesion and limit further encroachment of agro-industries into the primary forest, provided such partnership agreements are carefully planned and adequately implemented.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86116124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pour reduire sensiblement les emissions de CO liees aux transports routiers, l’Union europeenne mise sur le developpement des biocarburants, en respectant des conditions de durabilite. Afin de repondre a cette obligation et d’etre en mesure de demontrer la conformite du biodiesel a ces criteres, depuis l’agriculteur jusqu’au distributeur petrolier, la filiere des oleagineux a engage la redaction d’un schema de verification volontaire : 2BSvs, pour Biomasse Biocarburant Schema volontaire sur la durabilite. Reconnu par la Commission Europeenne le 19 juillet 2011, le schema 2BSvs couvre l’ensemble de la chaine de production des biocarburants, du producteur de biomasse a l’entree dans un entrepot sous douanes. A travers une etude de cas sur toute la filiere, de l’agriculteur au petrolier, cet article presente les implications pour les acteurs de la filiere oleagineuse, les changements intervenus depuis avril 2013, et les defis futurs a relever.
{"title":"Mise en pratique du schéma 2BSvs dans le groupe industriel Sofiprotéol : étude de cas sur toute la filière (de l’agriculteur au pétrolier)","authors":"Kristell Guizouarn","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2014045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2014045","url":null,"abstract":"Pour reduire sensiblement les emissions de CO liees aux transports routiers, l’Union europeenne mise sur le developpement des biocarburants, en respectant des conditions de durabilite. Afin de repondre a cette obligation et d’etre en mesure de demontrer la conformite du biodiesel a ces criteres, depuis l’agriculteur jusqu’au distributeur petrolier, la filiere des oleagineux a engage la redaction d’un schema de verification volontaire : 2BSvs, pour Biomasse Biocarburant Schema volontaire sur la durabilite. Reconnu par la Commission Europeenne le 19 juillet 2011, le schema 2BSvs couvre l’ensemble de la chaine de production des biocarburants, du producteur de biomasse a l’entree dans un entrepot sous douanes. A travers une etude de cas sur toute la filiere, de l’agriculteur au petrolier, cet article presente les implications pour les acteurs de la filiere oleagineuse, les changements intervenus depuis avril 2013, et les defis futurs a relever.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84845763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study we evaluate the chemical composition of sunflower oils obtained separately by pressing and subsequent solvent extraction from a new seeds rich in phytosterols (IASP-18) and conventional seeds (HA-89). Results have shown that the total content of oil was much lower in the IASP-18 (18.1%) than in the conventional (37.5%) seeds. The extraction yield obtained by pressing was as low as 3% in the IASP-18 seeds and 37.5% in HA-89, while in the solvent extraction it was of the same order (~18 wt% on seeds extracted by pressing) for the two types of seeds. No significant changes in the fatty acid composition were found between the oils extracted by the two procedures, but the pressed oils presented significantly lower acidity and larger content of the unsaponifiable fraction. Expressed as free sterols, the total sterols were 37–38% more concentrated in the oils extracted with solvent, reaching amounts of 13 700 and 6500 mg/kg in the IASP-18 and HA-89 oils, respectively. No substantial differences were found in the composition of total sterols analysed as free sterols between the oils extracted with the two procedures, but the contents of free sterols and sterol glycosides were much higher in the oils extracted with solvent.
{"title":"Characterization of sunflower oils obtained separately by pressing and subsequent solvent extraction from a new line of seeds rich in phytosterols and conventional seeds","authors":"M. Aguirre, J. Velasco, M. Ruiz-Méndez","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2014033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2014033","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we evaluate the chemical composition of sunflower oils obtained separately by pressing and subsequent solvent extraction from a new seeds rich in phytosterols (IASP-18) and conventional seeds (HA-89). Results have shown that the total content of oil was much lower in the IASP-18 (18.1%) than in the conventional (37.5%) seeds. The extraction yield obtained by pressing was as low as 3% in the IASP-18 seeds and 37.5% in HA-89, while in the solvent extraction it was of the same order (~18 wt% on seeds extracted by pressing) for the two types of seeds. No significant changes in the fatty acid composition were found between the oils extracted by the two procedures, but the pressed oils presented significantly lower acidity and larger content of the unsaponifiable fraction. Expressed as free sterols, the total sterols were 37–38% more concentrated in the oils extracted with solvent, reaching amounts of 13 700 and 6500 mg/kg in the IASP-18 and HA-89 oils, respectively. No substantial differences were found in the composition of total sterols analysed as free sterols between the oils extracted with the two procedures, but the contents of free sterols and sterol glycosides were much higher in the oils extracted with solvent.","PeriodicalId":46801,"journal":{"name":"OCL-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82044344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：