Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2100594
Aldo Zammit Borda
Reproductive violence has been documented in many conflicts, even though it may not have been labelled as such. Nevertheless, there is no established definition of reproductive violence in international criminal law and practice. While acts of reproductive violence have been prosecuted as crimes against humanity, there have not yet been any successful international prosecutions as genocide. This article will use the 2014 genocide against the Yazidis as a case study to examine the knowledge and accountability gaps that arise from the lack of definition of reproductive violence in the current state of play. It argues that formally defining reproductive violence is important not just for fair labelling and to fulfil the principle of legality but, most importantly, from the perspective of the victims, to accurately characterize the full nature of the harm inflicted on them. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 14 March 2022 Accepted 1 July 2022
{"title":"Putting Reproductive Violence on the Agenda: A Case Study of the Yazidis","authors":"Aldo Zammit Borda","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2100594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2100594","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive violence has been documented in many conflicts, even though it may not have been labelled as such. Nevertheless, there is no established definition of reproductive violence in international criminal law and practice. While acts of reproductive violence have been prosecuted as crimes against humanity, there have not yet been any successful international prosecutions as genocide. This article will use the 2014 genocide against the Yazidis as a case study to examine the knowledge and accountability gaps that arise from the lack of definition of reproductive violence in the current state of play. It argues that formally defining reproductive violence is important not just for fair labelling and to fulfil the principle of legality but, most importantly, from the perspective of the victims, to accurately characterize the full nature of the harm inflicted on them. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 14 March 2022 Accepted 1 July 2022","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44797083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-11DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2099633
Shpend Kursani
{"title":"Beyond Putin’s Analogies: The Genocide Debate on Ukraine and the Balkan Analogy Worth Noting","authors":"Shpend Kursani","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2099633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2099633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42245987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-06DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2095094
K. Heller
{"title":"Options for Prosecuting Russian Aggression Against Ukraine: A Critical Analysis","authors":"K. Heller","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2095094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2095094","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48446853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-07DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2082911
A. Etkind
{"title":"Ukraine, Russia, and Genocide of Minor Differences","authors":"A. Etkind","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2082911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2082911","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47332746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2081298
Jean-Philippe Belleau
{"title":"“Neighbor” is an Empty Concept: How the Neighbourly Turn in Mass Violence Studies has Overlooked Anthropology and Sociology","authors":"Jean-Philippe Belleau","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2081298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2081298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43975230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2079196
Olga Byrska
{"title":"Civil Crisis Management in Poland: The First Weeks of the Relief in Russian War on Ukraine","authors":"Olga Byrska","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2079196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2079196","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43048191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-25DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2066822
I. Goddeeris
ABSTRACT Present-day scholarship on Black Lives Matter and the decolonization of public space has largely focused on the monuments that have raised societal criticism. Commemorative markers for missionaries have so far largely fallen beyond these debates. This article asks why this has been the case, how missionaries are remembered and in which ways they connect to the present-day criticism of problematic memorials. More particularly, it analyzes the memorialization of martyrs, i.e. missionaries who were killed during their mission, and works with the case of Belgium, a country that has witnessed campaigns against statues of Leopold II and his collaborators in the Congo Free State. The article reveals that the only direct references to colonial violence in Belgian public space are tributes to martyred missionaries. Although explicit reference to martyrdom has gradually faded (but not completely disappeared), colonial language and frames have not, white individuals’ commitment and victimhood being emphasized and contrasted with collective and anonymous indigenous savagery. At the same time, the article demonstrates the complexity of dealing with these monuments. They also serve as sites of mourning and family reunion and honor individuals that are not associated with colonialism but, on the contrary, are being venerated beyond Europe.
{"title":"Belgian Monuments of Colonial Violence: the Commemoration of Martyred Missionaries","authors":"I. Goddeeris","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2066822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2066822","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Present-day scholarship on Black Lives Matter and the decolonization of public space has largely focused on the monuments that have raised societal criticism. Commemorative markers for missionaries have so far largely fallen beyond these debates. This article asks why this has been the case, how missionaries are remembered and in which ways they connect to the present-day criticism of problematic memorials. More particularly, it analyzes the memorialization of martyrs, i.e. missionaries who were killed during their mission, and works with the case of Belgium, a country that has witnessed campaigns against statues of Leopold II and his collaborators in the Congo Free State. The article reveals that the only direct references to colonial violence in Belgian public space are tributes to martyred missionaries. Although explicit reference to martyrdom has gradually faded (but not completely disappeared), colonial language and frames have not, white individuals’ commitment and victimhood being emphasized and contrasted with collective and anonymous indigenous savagery. At the same time, the article demonstrates the complexity of dealing with these monuments. They also serve as sites of mourning and family reunion and honor individuals that are not associated with colonialism but, on the contrary, are being venerated beyond Europe.","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"586 - 603"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43128290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-25DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2078074
P. Martuscelli, B. Ahmed, P. Sammonds
{"title":"Defying Genocide in Myanmar: Everyday Resistance Narratives of Rohingyas","authors":"P. Martuscelli, B. Ahmed, P. Sammonds","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2078074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2078074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41437771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-22DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2078073
J. Lahti
ABSTRACT This article examines the continuities between the Herero and Nama genocide and the history of the Reiterdenkmal statue in Windhoek, Namibia. It interprets the statue as an extension of the lived experience of the genocide and a contested symbol of settler belonging. The Reiterdenkmal reformulated colonial violence as white victimhood and black savagery, and advanced German settler claims over African soil. Violence and the “rider” together remade black African space into white settler space. Yet, this settler belonging was and remains grounded on fears. Uncertainty over belonging and fear of the Natives had driven the killing and exploitation of black Africans in the first place, and settler identities remain uncertain as the legacies and reckonings of past violence continue unresolved in independent Namibia.
{"title":"Südwester Reiter: Fear, Belonging, and Settler Colonial Violence in Namibia","authors":"J. Lahti","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2078073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2078073","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the continuities between the Herero and Nama genocide and the history of the Reiterdenkmal statue in Windhoek, Namibia. It interprets the statue as an extension of the lived experience of the genocide and a contested symbol of settler belonging. The Reiterdenkmal reformulated colonial violence as white victimhood and black savagery, and advanced German settler claims over African soil. Violence and the “rider” together remade black African space into white settler space. Yet, this settler belonging was and remains grounded on fears. Uncertainty over belonging and fear of the Natives had driven the killing and exploitation of black Africans in the first place, and settler identities remain uncertain as the legacies and reckonings of past violence continue unresolved in independent Namibia.","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"529 - 548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44504022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-19DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2022.2078578
F. M. Ndahinda, A. S. Mugabe
{"title":"Streaming Hate: Exploring the Harm of Anti-Banyamulenge and Anti-Tutsi Hate Speech on Congolese Social Media","authors":"F. M. Ndahinda, A. S. Mugabe","doi":"10.1080/14623528.2022.2078578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2078578","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46849,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genocide Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44114938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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