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Artificial Intelligence in English Language Teaching: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly 人工智能在英语教学中的应用:好、坏、丑
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231168504
N. Hockly
The use of educational technologies in English language teaching (ELT) has become widely accepted in the post-pandemic era, and, for better or worse, some of these technologies rely on artificial intelligence (AI). As an area of technological growth and increasing financial investment, we are likely to see more AI-driven technologies in teaching and learning in the post-pandemic ELT world. We are currently in the stage of ‘weak’ AI, which typically performs restricted tasks within specific domains relatively well. However, ‘strong’ AI, equivalent to human intelligence, is the long-term goal, and although this is no more than a theoretical construct at present, we can expect ‘stronger’ AI to emerge over time. ELT will not be immune to this development, and it behoves us as language teachers to be familiar with AI's current benefits and challenges, so that we can better prepare for that future. This article describes how AI is currently used in ELT, and explores some of the opportunities and challenges that AI can provide for learners, teachers and institutions. Ethical issues such as collecting learner data, surveillance and privacy are considered, as well as learner wellbeing and the digital literacies that teachers and learners will need to develop to co-exist in a brave new world of educational AI. Chatbots are examined as one example of AI-driven technology for language learning. There are of course many more, such as machine translation, intelligent tutoring systems and automated writing evaluation to name just a few; however, a detailed consideration of these is beyond the scope of this article.
在后大流行时代,在英语教学(ELT)中使用教育技术已被广泛接受,无论好坏,其中一些技术依赖于人工智能(AI)。作为一个技术增长和金融投资不断增加的领域,我们可能会在大流行后的英语教学世界中看到更多人工智能驱动的技术。我们目前处于“弱”人工智能阶段,它通常在特定领域内相对较好地执行有限的任务。然而,相当于人类智能的“强”人工智能是长期目标,尽管目前这只是一个理论结构,但我们可以期待随着时间的推移,“更强”的人工智能会出现。英语教学也不能幸免于这种发展,作为语言教师,我们应该熟悉人工智能目前的好处和挑战,这样我们才能更好地为未来做好准备。本文描述了人工智能目前如何在英语教学中使用,并探讨了人工智能可以为学习者、教师和机构提供的一些机遇和挑战。课程还考虑了收集学习者数据、监控和隐私等伦理问题,以及学习者的福祉和教师和学习者在教育人工智能的美丽新世界中共存所需要发展的数字素养。聊天机器人被视为人工智能驱动的语言学习技术的一个例子。当然还有更多,比如机器翻译、智能辅导系统和自动写作评估等等;但是,对这些问题的详细考虑超出了本文的范围。
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引用次数: 5
Exploring the Challenges of Technology in Language Teaching in the Aftermath of the Pandemic 探索新冠肺炎疫情后技术在语言教学中的挑战
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231168438
Glenn Stockwell, Yi-Jin Wang
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been varied, and while there was a clear upsurge in the use of technology in language and learning contexts during the worst lockdown periods, the long-term impact on technology usage remains to be seen. As has been widely noted, lockdowns forced teaching into remote modes, making technology indispensable. Many teachers found themselves struggling to use technologies with little or no experience or training, and often in spite of earlier resistance to using it. The affective barriers to using technology may have decreased somewhat, but other potential problems have arisen as well. There has generally been a narrow view about the effectiveness of technology use in language teaching and learning. During the pandemic, teaching often entailed using videoconferencing tools as a means of emulating face-to-face teaching, albeit inhibited by the limitations and the affordances of the technologies. While research into mobile learning prospered prior to the pandemic, long periods of lockdown saw them being used as little more than a backup for when other technologies experienced technical difficulties. In this paper, we discuss not only the often-cited positive effects of technology usage in language learning during COVID, but also the possible negative implications for how technology has come to be used and viewed by learners, teachers, and administrators. Suggestions for a potential way forward in this ‘aftermath’ of the pandemic are discussed, along with some guidelines for making the most of what we have learned about using technology for language learning in the future.
COVID-19大流行的影响各不相同,虽然在最严重的封锁期间,在语言和学习环境中使用技术的人数明显增加,但对技术使用的长期影响仍有待观察。正如人们普遍注意到的那样,封锁迫使教学采用远程模式,使得技术不可或缺。许多教师发现自己在很少或根本没有经验或培训的情况下难以使用技术,而且往往不顾早期对使用技术的抵制。使用技术的情感障碍可能有所减少,但其他潜在问题也出现了。关于技术在语言教学中的有效性,人们的看法普遍很狭隘。在大流行期间,教学通常需要使用视频会议工具作为模拟面对面教学的手段,尽管受到技术的限制和能力的限制。虽然在大流行之前,对移动学习的研究蓬勃发展,但长期的封锁使它们仅仅被用作其他技术遇到技术困难时的备用方案。在本文中,我们不仅讨论了在COVID期间技术使用在语言学习中经常被引用的积极影响,还讨论了学习者、教师和管理人员如何使用和看待技术可能产生的负面影响。会议讨论了在疫情“后果”中可能采取的措施,并提出了一些指导方针,以充分利用我们在未来利用技术进行语言学习方面学到的知识。
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引用次数: 2
Academic Success in English Medium Courses: Exploring Student Challenges, Opinions, Language Proficiency and L2 Use 英语媒介课程的学术成功:探索学生的挑战、观点、语言能力和第二语言的使用
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231167611
Rıfat Kamaşak, Kari Sahan
The growth of English medium instruction (EMI) programs at universities worldwide has raised questions about the implications of teaching through L2 English on students’ content learning outcomes. This study examined the impact of four factors on students’ academic success (e.g. content learning) in the Turkish EMI context: (1) students’ language-related challenges; (2) students’ opinions about the effectiveness of EMI; (3) students’ perceived language proficiency levels; and (4) the amount of L2 English used in EMI classes. Students’ perceived academic performance was taken as a proxy of EMI success. The study employed a quantitative empirical design using questionnaires and regression analysis. Data were collected via an online questionnaire from 498 students at an EMI university in Turkey. The results revealed that students’ language-related challenges and perceived language proficiency were the only predictors that were associated with academic success in their EMI courses at a statistically significant level. The amount of English used in the classroom was not found to predict success in EMI, suggesting that students may benefit from multilingual models of teaching. These findings underscore the importance of adequate language support for students on EMI programs, and implications are discussed with respect to EMI policy, program planning, and teacher pedagogy.
全球大学中英语媒介教学(EMI)项目的增长引发了关于第二语言英语教学对学生内容学习成果影响的问题。本研究考察了土耳其EMI环境下四个因素对学生学业成功(如内容学习)的影响:(1)学生的语言相关挑战;(2)学生对EMI有效性的看法;(3)学生感知语言水平;(4)在EMI课程中使用的第二语言英语的数量。学生的学术表现被认为是EMI成功的一个代表。本研究采用问卷调查与回归分析相结合的定量实证设计。数据是通过在线问卷从土耳其一所EMI大学的498名学生中收集的。结果显示,学生的语言相关挑战和感知语言能力是与EMI课程学业成功相关的唯一预测因素,在统计上具有显著意义。在课堂上使用英语的数量并不能预测EMI的成功,这表明学生可能会从多语言教学模式中受益。这些发现强调了在EMI项目中为学生提供足够语言支持的重要性,并讨论了EMI政策、项目规划和教师教学法方面的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Teaching With Technology in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Digital Age: An Interview With Professor Robert Godwin-Jones 后covid -19大流行数字时代的技术教学:对罗伯特·戈德温-琼斯教授的访谈
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231165532
Lu Yan, B. Moorhouse
Robert Godwin-Jones is a professor in the School of World Studies at Virginia Commonwealth University, USA. He holds a PhD in Comparative Literature (German, French and English) from theUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA.He is a distinguished scholar in applied linguistics, language learning and teaching, Teaching English toSpeakersofOtherLanguages and intercultural communication.He is nowamemberof the Delta Phi Alpha German Honorary Society, Phi Kappa Phi Honorary Society, Modern Language Association, Northern Wisconsin Council for Foreign Languages, American Association of Teachers of German, American Association of Teachers of French, Foreign Language Association of Virginia, Southern Comparative Literature Association and the Computer Assisted Language Instruction Consortium (CALICO) (https://worldstudies.vcu.edu/directory/godwin-jones.html).
罗伯特·戈德温-琼斯,美国弗吉尼亚联邦大学世界研究学院教授。他拥有美国伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校比较文学(德语、法语和英语)博士学位。他是应用语言学、语言学习与教学、英语教学和跨文化交际领域的杰出学者。他现在是Delta Phi Alpha德语荣誉协会、Phi Kappa Phi荣誉协会、现代语言协会、北威斯康辛州外语委员会、美国德语教师协会、美国法语教师协会、弗吉尼亚州外语协会、南方比较文学协会和计算机辅助语言教学联盟(CALICO) (https://worldstudies.vcu.edu/directory/godwin-jones.html)的成员。
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引用次数: 1
ChatGPT for Language Teaching and Learning ChatGPT语言教学与学习
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231162868
Lucas Kohnke, B. Moorhouse, D. Zou
In this technology review, we explore the affordances of the generative AI chatbot ChatGPT for language teaching and learning. In addition to this, we also present debates and drawbacks of ChatGPT. Finally, we present the digital competencies teachers and learners require to use this chatbot ethically and effectively to support language learning.
在这篇技术综述中,我们探讨了生成式人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在语言教学和学习中的应用。除此之外,我们还介绍了ChatGPT的争论和缺点。最后,我们提出了教师和学习者需要的数字能力,以道德和有效地使用这个聊天机器人来支持语言学习。
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引用次数: 59
Artificial Intelligence-Based Content Generator Technology for Young English-as-a-Foreign-Language Learners’ Reading Enjoyment 基于人工智能的内容生成技术,促进青少年英语作为外语学习者的阅读享受
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231165060
J. Lee, Dongkwang Shin, Won-jun Noh
Artificial intelligence has recently seen tremendous growth, and been applied to several fields, including the second-language domain. In this article, we share an innovative practice based on one of potential artificial intelligence technologies for second-language teaching and learning – artificial intelligence-based content generator, which generates texts based on user’s keywords. In total, 121 young English-as-a-foreign-language learners participated in the study, with half of them having engaged in the artificial intelligence-based content generator-based activity, and the other half having received traditional English-as-a-foreign-language reading instruction. We examined the extent to which the artificial intelligence-based content generator-based activity could influence the participants’ foreign language enjoyment and interests in reading English books, and the participants were given the survey addressing these variables, prior to and after the innovative practice. It was found that the condition based on the artificial intelligence-based content generator-based activity was more effective in terms of enhancing the target variables, and that the group which engaged in the artificial intelligence-based content generator-based activity was largely in favor of artificial intelligence-based content generator technology. Pedagogical implications for employing this technology in second-language contexts are provided.
人工智能最近有了巨大的发展,并被应用到几个领域,包括第二语言领域。在本文中,我们分享了一种基于人工智能的创新实践,该技术是第二语言教学和学习中潜在的人工智能技术之一——基于人工智能的内容生成器,它根据用户的关键字生成文本。共有121名年轻的英语作为外语学习者参与了这项研究,其中一半参与了基于人工智能的内容生成器活动,另一半接受了传统的英语作为外语阅读教学。我们研究了基于人工智能的内容生成器的活动对参与者的外语享受和阅读英语书籍的兴趣的影响程度,并在创新实践之前和之后向参与者提供了针对这些变量的调查。研究发现,基于人工智能内容生成器活动的条件在增强目标变量方面更为有效,并且从事基于人工智能内容生成器活动的群体在很大程度上支持基于人工智能的内容生成器技术。本文还提供了在第二语言语境中使用该技术的教学意义。
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引用次数: 5
Miro: Promoting Collaboration through Online Whiteboard Interaction Miro:通过在线白板互动促进协作
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231165061
Thomas Anthony Chun Hun Chan, J. Ho, Michael Tom
To create a more collaborative and communicative learning environment, digital tools are often looked to as possible solutions. Miro, an online whiteboard, is one such tool that allows students to easily share ideas and exchange information using a range of different media. Its strengths are its ability to allow real-time sharing and creation of ideas and information between learners and teachers using a host of multimedia. However, the numerous tools and options provided by the platform does come with a learning curve. Nevertheless, Miro is a useful option for encouraging collaboration between students, giving them a workspace to freely generate ideas and share resources.
为了创造一个更具协作性和交流性的学习环境,数字工具通常被视为可能的解决方案。在线白板Miro就是这样一个工具,它允许学生使用一系列不同的媒体轻松地分享想法和交换信息。它的优势在于它能够让学习者和教师利用大量多媒体实时分享和创造思想和信息。然而,该平台提供的众多工具和选项确实伴随着学习曲线。然而,Miro是一个鼓励学生之间合作的有用选择,为他们提供了一个自由产生想法和共享资源的工作空间。
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引用次数: 2
Book Review: TEACHING AND LEARNING IN ENGLISH MEDIUM INSTRUCTION: An Introduction by JACK C. RICHARDS, JACK PUN 《英语媒介教学中的教与学:导论》,作者:李察、潘杰
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231165337
M. N. Lewis, M. Yeo
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引用次数: 0
Relationships Between Young/Older Japanese Women and Filipino/Western English Teachers: Age, Gender, Ethnicity and English-Speaker Status 日本年轻/年长女性与菲律宾/西方英语教师的关系:年龄、性别、种族和英语地位
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231161850
Yoko Kobayashi
Pre-pandemic studies indicate that East Asian students’ migration to ASEAN Outer Circle nations to study English by no means marks their departure from an idealized anglophone English world. Via research conducted during the pandemic when online learning had become mainstream, this study further explores the significance of such students’ English study with Outer Circle teachers. A questionnaire survey was administered to 200 Japanese female English learners aged 20–59 who have taken English lessons provided by both western and Filipino teachers. The textual data analyses reveal that the respondents’ essentialized appreciation of Filipino teachers’ ‘Asianness’ and their English-as-a-second-language background is caused by their identity as Asian English learners struggling to acquire ‘correct’ English. Meanwhile, quantitative analyses identify the presence of many Japanese women who study English as a hobby irrespective of their age and teachers’ ethnicity. This finding provides an additional insight about Japanese female English learners who are well discussed in light of marginalized young Japanese women's longing for western men from/in the idealized West. Moreover, based on the statistical analysis of age differences in reasons for taking private English lessons and concern about teachers’ accent, this study discusses a possible impact of teacher–student age/gender matching on young or mature Japanese female English learners’ perceptions about lessons provided by predominantly young Filipino women or western men. It concludes with suggestions for future research that examines the significance of learning English from Filipino and other Outer Circle English teachers amid the pervasive native English norms tied to Inner Circle English teachers.
大流行前的研究表明,东亚学生移民到东盟外围国家学习英语,并不意味着他们离开了一个理想化的英语世界。本研究通过对疫情期间在线学习成为主流的研究,进一步探讨了这些学生跟随外圈老师学习英语的意义。对200名20-59岁的日本女性英语学习者进行了问卷调查,这些女性英语学习者接受了西方和菲律宾教师提供的英语课程。文本数据分析表明,受访者对菲律宾教师的“亚洲性”及其英语为第二语言背景的本质赞赏是由于他们作为亚洲英语学习者努力学习“正确”英语的身份所致。与此同时,定量分析发现,许多日本女性将学习英语作为一种爱好,而不考虑她们的年龄和老师的种族。这一发现为日本女性英语学习者提供了额外的见解,鉴于边缘化的日本年轻女性渴望来自理想化西方的西方男性,这一问题得到了很好的讨论。此外,本研究透过统计分析私教原因的年龄差异及对教师口音的关注,探讨师生年龄/性别匹配对年轻或成熟日本女性英语学习者对主要由菲律宾年轻女性或西方男性授课的看法可能产生的影响。文章最后对未来的研究提出了建议,即在普遍存在的母语英语规范与内圈英语教师相关的情况下,向菲律宾和其他外圈英语教师学习英语的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Technology-enhanced Reflection and Teacher Development: A Student Teacher's Journey 技术增强反思与教师发展:学生教师之旅
IF 3 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1177/00336882231161153
Yanna Li, S. Walsh
This article reports on the findings from a technology-enhanced teacher learning project where the SETTVEO app (Self Evaluation of Teacher Talk through Video Enhanced Observation) was used to support teachers’ reflective practices and professional development. Participants in the project were a group of 40 student teachers (ST) from Hong Kong, who took part in a teaching practicum taught online owing to COVID-19 restrictions. They formed online professional learning communities (PLCs) with peers and tutors, shared their class recordings (tagged using the on SETTVEO app), and reflected on their teaching through weekly discussions. This study aims to characterize teacher learning mediated by video technology and dialogue, and to evaluate the impact of the app on STs’ reflective practices and emerging Classroom Interactional Competence (CIC, Walsh 2013). In this article, we focus on an individual ST's development over a period of eight weeks. Two sources of data are transcribed and analysed using an applied Conversation Analysis (CA) method: the first records the teacher's interactions while teaching, the second their dialogic reflections based on observations of these class recordings. Findings from the study enhance our understandings of the role of technology in influencing classroom practice and highlight its importance in promoting teacher noticing and professional development.
本文报告了一项技术增强教师学习项目的结果,该项目使用SETTVEO应用程序(通过视频增强观察对教师谈话进行自我评价)来支持教师的反思实践和专业发展。该项目的参与者是一组来自香港的40名实习教师,由于新冠肺炎的限制,他们参加了在线教学实习。他们与同学和导师组成在线专业学习社区(plc),分享他们的课堂录音(使用SETTVEO应用程序标记),并通过每周讨论反思他们的教学。本研究旨在描述视频技术和对话介导的教师学习特征,并评估该应用程序对STs反思实践和新兴课堂互动能力的影响(CIC, Walsh 2013)。在这篇文章中,我们关注的是个体ST在八周内的发展。使用应用会话分析(CA)方法对两个数据来源进行转录和分析:第一个记录了教师在教学时的互动,第二个记录了基于对这些课堂录音的观察的对话反映。研究结果增强了我们对技术在影响课堂实践中的作用的理解,并强调了技术在促进教师注意和专业发展方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 3
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