This essay situates itself at the intersection of book history and translation studies, and inquires how the archive, in this instance, those of British publishers, can help us chart the development of the professional literary translator in the nineteenth century. A key period in print culture, during which many cultural, technological and social shifts occurred, the Victorian era saw the rise of the literary profession, the relevance and impact of which on literary translation can be even better understood in the light of developments in British publishing practices. Using hitherto largely untapped primary sources and uncovering a number of significant processes in the publishing history of literary translation, the discussion offers fresh insights into the production of English-language translations in nineteenth-century Britain. Drawing on the archival records of Richard Bentley’s publishing house, including translators’ correspondence and the contractual agreements that underpinned the production and publication of translations, this study inquires into what may be termed the “proto-professionalization” of literary translators in the nineteenth century.
{"title":"Towards a professional identity: Translators in the Victorian publisher’s archive","authors":"Michelle Milan","doi":"10.7202/1079320ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1079320ar","url":null,"abstract":"This essay situates itself at the intersection of book history and translation studies, and inquires how the archive, in this instance, those of British publishers, can help us chart the development of the professional literary translator in the nineteenth century. A key period in print culture, during which many cultural, technological and social shifts occurred, the Victorian era saw the rise of the literary profession, the relevance and impact of which on literary translation can be even better understood in the light of developments in British publishing practices. Using hitherto largely untapped primary sources and uncovering a number of significant processes in the publishing history of literary translation, the discussion offers fresh insights into the production of English-language translations in nineteenth-century Britain. Drawing on the archival records of Richard Bentley’s publishing house, including translators’ correspondence and the contractual agreements that underpinned the production and publication of translations, this study inquires into what may be termed the “proto-professionalization” of literary translators in the nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":46977,"journal":{"name":"META","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91038738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When literary authors translate their own work, they sometimes collaborate with other writer-translators. While such “collaboration” is often acknowledged on the title pages of the resulting publications, the nature of each joint venture is typically very different in practice. Surviving archival traces often allow for a more detailed reconstruction of the varying working methods that were adopted for every co-translation, but it would be naive to assume that even the most completely preserved record will make it possible to conclusively identify the function of every participant in the creative process. In this article, we will combine genetic criticism and genetic translation studies on the one hand, with microhistorical and social approaches to translation on the other, as complementary methodologies to further investigate the understudied notion of collaborative (self-)translation. By using as our test case the extant draft versions and other related materials that document the collaborative relationships between Irish bilingual author Samuel Beckett and his co-translators in French, English and German, the purpose is to show that a process-oriented and interdisciplinary approach to translation can help overcome some of the challenges and limitations presented by digital editions and archives such as the Beckett Digital Manuscript Project (BDMP).
{"title":"Reconstructing collaborative (self-)translations from the archive: The case of Samuel Beckett","authors":"Pim Verhulst, O. Beloborodova, D. Hulle","doi":"10.7202/1079324ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1079324ar","url":null,"abstract":"When literary authors translate their own work, they sometimes collaborate with other writer-translators. While such “collaboration” is often acknowledged on the title pages of the resulting publications, the nature of each joint venture is typically very different in practice. Surviving archival traces often allow for a more detailed reconstruction of the varying working methods that were adopted for every co-translation, but it would be naive to assume that even the most completely preserved record will make it possible to conclusively identify the function of every participant in the creative process. In this article, we will combine genetic criticism and genetic translation studies on the one hand, with microhistorical and social approaches to translation on the other, as complementary methodologies to further investigate the understudied notion of collaborative (self-)translation. By using as our test case the extant draft versions and other related materials that document the collaborative relationships between Irish bilingual author Samuel Beckett and his co-translators in French, English and German, the purpose is to show that a process-oriented and interdisciplinary approach to translation can help overcome some of the challenges and limitations presented by digital editions and archives such as the Beckett Digital Manuscript Project (BDMP).","PeriodicalId":46977,"journal":{"name":"META","volume":"95 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77700951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Translation archives: an introduction","authors":"A. Cordingley, Patrick Hersant","doi":"10.7202/1079318ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1079318ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46977,"journal":{"name":"META","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81293274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Systematic research on translation and censorship in Francoist Spain started roughly ten years after the dismantling of the regime’s censorship apparatus in 1985, following the opening of the censorship archives at the Archivo General de la Administracion (AGA) in Alcala de Henares. Since then, numerous comprehensive studies on the translation of various genres have been produced, all of them making extensive use of the censorship files issued and archived by the regime as their main source of information. However, little to no reflection has been done on the structure, usefulness and reliability of those data. This paper examines archival sources in translation and censorship, delving into the AGA’s history and structure, as well as its unique position as a censorship repository. It describes the AGA’s document collections on censored cultural artefacts and the possibilities they afford to study the impact of censorship on the translation of various text types. Ultimately, it argues that while AGA data have proved to be a key component in censorship research in Spain, complementary information is essential in reconstructing translation activity at the time and to ascertain how textual changes observed in censored translations came about.
在佛朗哥统治时期的西班牙，对翻译和审查制度的系统研究始于1985年该政权的审查机构解体后的大约十年，当时位于阿尔卡拉德埃纳雷斯的AGA (Archivo General de la administration)的审查档案开放。此后，对各种体裁的翻译进行了大量的综合研究，这些研究都广泛利用了政权发布和存档的审查文件作为主要的信息来源。但是，对这些数据的结构、有用性和可靠性几乎没有考虑。本文考察了翻译和审查中的档案来源，深入研究了AGA的历史和结构，以及它作为审查库的独特地位。它描述了AGA关于审查文化文物的文件收藏，以及它们为研究审查对各种文本类型翻译的影响提供的可能性。最后，本文认为，虽然AGA数据已被证明是西班牙审查研究的关键组成部分，但补充信息对于重建当时的翻译活动以及确定审查翻译中观察到的文本变化是如何产生的至关重要。
{"title":"Archival research in translation and censorship: Digging into the “true museum of Francoism”","authors":"S. Santos, Cristina Gómez Castro, C. G. Lanza","doi":"10.7202/1079322ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1079322ar","url":null,"abstract":"Systematic research on translation and censorship in Francoist Spain started roughly ten years after the dismantling of the regime’s censorship apparatus in 1985, following the opening of the censorship archives at the Archivo General de la Administracion (AGA) in Alcala de Henares. Since then, numerous comprehensive studies on the translation of various genres have been produced, all of them making extensive use of the censorship files issued and archived by the regime as their main source of information. However, little to no reflection has been done on the structure, usefulness and reliability of those data. This paper examines archival sources in translation and censorship, delving into the AGA’s history and structure, as well as its unique position as a censorship repository. It describes the AGA’s document collections on censored cultural artefacts and the possibilities they afford to study the impact of censorship on the translation of various text types. Ultimately, it argues that while AGA data have proved to be a key component in censorship research in Spain, complementary information is essential in reconstructing translation activity at the time and to ascertain how textual changes observed in censored translations came about.","PeriodicalId":46977,"journal":{"name":"META","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78858271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Le traducteur allemand Elmar Tophoven (1923-1989) est connu pour ses traductions de Samuel Beckett et d’ecrivains du Nouveau Roman tels qu’Alain Robbe-Grillet, Nathalie Sarraute et Claude Simon. A partir des annees 1960, il a commence a prendre meticuleusement en notes son processus de traduction. Elmar Tophoven a prone cette « traduction transparente » afin de promouvoir le partage d’experiences entre traducteurs, de documenter et d’analyser le processus de traduction, et de montrer que tout le travail et la creativite qui entrent en jeu dans la traduction n’etaient pas suffisamment reconnus. Cette entreprise l’a amene, avec son epouse Erika Tophoven, a creer, organiser et conserver leurs propres archives, qui ont recemment ete rassemblees dans la maison familiale de Straelen, en Allemagne. Les archives de traducteurs, rarement jugees dignes d’etre preservees sur le long terme, font face a de nombreux defis. Elles doivent prouver leur valeur scientifique et symbolique, en particulier dans le cas de traducteurs et de traductrices de metier. A travers l’exemple des archives Tophoven, nous esperons souligner l’importance des archives pour la recherche en traductologie ainsi que la valeur patrimoniale generale des archives de traducteurs.
{"title":"Enjeux symboliques et scientifiques des archives de traducteurs : les archives Tophoven à Straelen","authors":"Solange Arber, Erika Tophoven","doi":"10.7202/1079323ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1079323ar","url":null,"abstract":"Le traducteur allemand Elmar Tophoven (1923-1989) est connu pour ses traductions de Samuel Beckett et d’ecrivains du Nouveau Roman tels qu’Alain Robbe-Grillet, Nathalie Sarraute et Claude Simon. A partir des annees 1960, il a commence a prendre meticuleusement en notes son processus de traduction. Elmar Tophoven a prone cette « traduction transparente » afin de promouvoir le partage d’experiences entre traducteurs, de documenter et d’analyser le processus de traduction, et de montrer que tout le travail et la creativite qui entrent en jeu dans la traduction n’etaient pas suffisamment reconnus. Cette entreprise l’a amene, avec son epouse Erika Tophoven, a creer, organiser et conserver leurs propres archives, qui ont recemment ete rassemblees dans la maison familiale de Straelen, en Allemagne. Les archives de traducteurs, rarement jugees dignes d’etre preservees sur le long terme, font face a de nombreux defis. Elles doivent prouver leur valeur scientifique et symbolique, en particulier dans le cas de traducteurs et de traductrices de metier. A travers l’exemple des archives Tophoven, nous esperons souligner l’importance des archives pour la recherche en traductologie ainsi que la valeur patrimoniale generale des archives de traducteurs.","PeriodicalId":46977,"journal":{"name":"META","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83940695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Qué, quién, dónde, cuándo, por qué y cómo: las retraducciones de Moby-Dick en España","authors":"Javier Ortiz García","doi":"10.7202/1088357ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1088357ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46977,"journal":{"name":"META","volume":"os-22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87203005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bujaldón de Esteves, Lila, Bistué, Belén, and Stocco, Melisa, eds. (2019): Literary Self-Translation in Hispanophone Contexts. Europe and the Americas / La autotraducción literaria en contextos de habla hispana. Europa y América. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 378 p.","authors":"Rainier Grutman","doi":"10.7202/1083192ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1083192ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46977,"journal":{"name":"META","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81448958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores notions of loss in the archive through examples of archival materials related to translation, and the framework of narrative theory. Loss is seen as both a preliminary state prompting research and a result of research. Initially this article looks at these types of loss from a less theoretical perspective, before turning to sociological narrative theory as a conceptual framework that can both describe those types of loss and explain broader issues that arise in archival work, which are argued to be forms of narrative loss. Some existing discussions of archival work touch on the idea of narrative, but usually not in a specific enough way to provide a solid framework for the analysis and comparison of narratives themselves. By incorporating the narrative theory elaborated by Somers and Gibson (1994) and brought into translation studies by Baker (2006), I begin to explain how a narrative approach can both account for obvious types of loss and be used to conceptualize other forms of loss that occur in the process of preservation, transmission, and interpretation of archives.
{"title":"Archive, narrative, and loss","authors":"Anna Strowe","doi":"10.7202/1079326ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1079326ar","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores notions of loss in the archive through examples of archival materials related to translation, and the framework of narrative theory. Loss is seen as both a preliminary state prompting research and a result of research. Initially this article looks at these types of loss from a less theoretical perspective, before turning to sociological narrative theory as a conceptual framework that can both describe those types of loss and explain broader issues that arise in archival work, which are argued to be forms of narrative loss. Some existing discussions of archival work touch on the idea of narrative, but usually not in a specific enough way to provide a solid framework for the analysis and comparison of narratives themselves. By incorporating the narrative theory elaborated by Somers and Gibson (1994) and brought into translation studies by Baker (2006), I begin to explain how a narrative approach can both account for obvious types of loss and be used to conceptualize other forms of loss that occur in the process of preservation, transmission, and interpretation of archives.","PeriodicalId":46977,"journal":{"name":"META","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81457604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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