Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1177/02690942241283187
Lilian Korir, Archie Drake, Martin Collison, Carolina Camacho Villa, Elizabeth Sklar, Simon Pearson, Louise Manning
The global agri-food sector is becoming more fragile as a result of supply chain shocks like COVID-19, Brexit and conflict, which is posing a growing challenge to the horticultural industry. As a result, it is becoming clearer how crucial seasonal agricultural migrant workers are to ensuring food security. Delivering GAP requires taking into account the effects of COVID-19 and Brexit on the UK’s fresh produce and horticulture sectors as well as the potential for increased demand for automation and Agriculture 4.0. In the medium and long run, the market conditions may favourably accelerate automation and the adoption of Agriculture 4.0 as a workable solution to the workforce shortage. The greatest opportunities for automation and the application of new technology will be found in the transport, harvest, and post-harvest processes. Investment in automation and technology adoption depends on access to finance, appropriate training and upskilling, and other stakeholders’ support (e.g. by retailers). We conclude that understanding the need for automation, embracing Agriculture 4.0, utilising labour schemes, and envisioning how work and farming will change in the future is critical when examining GAP in the context of an integrated approach within the fresh produce and horticulture sectors.
由于 COVID-19、英国脱欧和冲突等供应链冲击，全球农业食品行业正变得越来越脆弱，这对园艺行业构成了越来越大的挑战。因此，季节性农业移民工人对确保粮食安全的重要性日益明显。实施 GAP 需要考虑到 COVID-19 和英国脱欧对英国新鲜农产品和园艺行业的影响，以及对自动化和农业 4.0 需求增加的潜力。从中长期来看，市场条件可能有利于加速自动化和农业 4.0 的应用，以此作为劳动力短缺的可行解决方案。自动化和新技术应用的最大机遇将出现在运输、收获和收获后流程中。对自动化和技术应用的投资取决于能否获得资金、适当的培训和技能提升，以及其他利益相关方（如零售商）的支持。我们的结论是，在生鲜产品和园艺行业中采用综合方法审查 GAP 时，了解自动化需求、拥抱农业 4.0、利用劳动力计划以及设想未来工作和农业将如何变化至关重要。
{"title":"Investing in technology to address labour shortages in UK fresh produce and horticulture: How does this redefine standards of good agricultural practice","authors":"Lilian Korir, Archie Drake, Martin Collison, Carolina Camacho Villa, Elizabeth Sklar, Simon Pearson, Louise Manning","doi":"10.1177/02690942241283187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02690942241283187","url":null,"abstract":"The global agri-food sector is becoming more fragile as a result of supply chain shocks like COVID-19, Brexit and conflict, which is posing a growing challenge to the horticultural industry. As a result, it is becoming clearer how crucial seasonal agricultural migrant workers are to ensuring food security. Delivering GAP requires taking into account the effects of COVID-19 and Brexit on the UK’s fresh produce and horticulture sectors as well as the potential for increased demand for automation and Agriculture 4.0. In the medium and long run, the market conditions may favourably accelerate automation and the adoption of Agriculture 4.0 as a workable solution to the workforce shortage. The greatest opportunities for automation and the application of new technology will be found in the transport, harvest, and post-harvest processes. Investment in automation and technology adoption depends on access to finance, appropriate training and upskilling, and other stakeholders’ support (e.g. by retailers). We conclude that understanding the need for automation, embracing Agriculture 4.0, utilising labour schemes, and envisioning how work and farming will change in the future is critical when examining GAP in the context of an integrated approach within the fresh produce and horticulture sectors.","PeriodicalId":47006,"journal":{"name":"Local Economy","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1177/02690942241279556
Luca Calafati, Julie Froud, Colin Haslam, Sukhdev Johal, Karel Williams
The related concepts of 15‐minute city and 20‐minute neighbourhood have gained increased attention, contributing to planning and transport strategies and policies in many cities with the objectives of reducing car use, boosting local economies, improving liveability of places and the health of those who live there. However, there has been relatively little consideration of whether and how the 15/20‐minute place concept can be applied beyond world cities to the towns and suburbs where many people live. Taking the example of Wales, the paper develops empirical analysis to explore the nature of and variation in car-dependence in a range of different places, from densely populated city centres to residential suburbs and small towns. This analysis shows that the potential for developing more liveable, less car-dependent places exists not only in central cities but in some smaller places where there is a resident live-work population and relatively short commuting distances. For places like Wales, which has already incorporated the 15/20‐minute place ideal into its planning framework and transport strategy, the aspiration to reduce car dependency will require policies that reflect the very different starting points in Welsh places.
{"title":"Place and mobility in Wales: Challenges and opportunities for reducing car use in a car-dependent, low-density country","authors":"Luca Calafati, Julie Froud, Colin Haslam, Sukhdev Johal, Karel Williams","doi":"10.1177/02690942241279556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02690942241279556","url":null,"abstract":"The related concepts of 15‐minute city and 20‐minute neighbourhood have gained increased attention, contributing to planning and transport strategies and policies in many cities with the objectives of reducing car use, boosting local economies, improving liveability of places and the health of those who live there. However, there has been relatively little consideration of whether and how the 15/20‐minute place concept can be applied beyond world cities to the towns and suburbs where many people live. Taking the example of Wales, the paper develops empirical analysis to explore the nature of and variation in car-dependence in a range of different places, from densely populated city centres to residential suburbs and small towns. This analysis shows that the potential for developing more liveable, less car-dependent places exists not only in central cities but in some smaller places where there is a resident live-work population and relatively short commuting distances. For places like Wales, which has already incorporated the 15/20‐minute place ideal into its planning framework and transport strategy, the aspiration to reduce car dependency will require policies that reflect the very different starting points in Welsh places.","PeriodicalId":47006,"journal":{"name":"Local Economy","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1177/02690942241282273
Rahel Meili, Heike Mayer
Switzerland is the only central European country that is not a member of the EU. While the country engages in several bilateral treaties and programs, its regional policy neither follow the EU Cohesion Policy framework nor do they explicitly adopt concepts such as the smart specialization strategy. In this In perspective paper, we explore the evolution of Swiss regional policy within the broader context of shifting paradigms in regional development. While much attention has been given to regional policies within the European Union, there is a notable gap in scholarly analysis concerning Switzerland’s unique approach, particularly in relation to contemporary societal challenges and regional policy debates. This paper seeks to fill that gap by providing a comprehensive examination of Switzerland’s regional policy evolution, which has been developed independently of EU influence.
{"title":"The evolution of regional policy in Switzerland: From a growth oriented to a challenge-led policy?","authors":"Rahel Meili, Heike Mayer","doi":"10.1177/02690942241282273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02690942241282273","url":null,"abstract":"Switzerland is the only central European country that is not a member of the EU. While the country engages in several bilateral treaties and programs, its regional policy neither follow the EU Cohesion Policy framework nor do they explicitly adopt concepts such as the smart specialization strategy. In this In perspective paper, we explore the evolution of Swiss regional policy within the broader context of shifting paradigms in regional development. While much attention has been given to regional policies within the European Union, there is a notable gap in scholarly analysis concerning Switzerland’s unique approach, particularly in relation to contemporary societal challenges and regional policy debates. This paper seeks to fill that gap by providing a comprehensive examination of Switzerland’s regional policy evolution, which has been developed independently of EU influence.","PeriodicalId":47006,"journal":{"name":"Local Economy","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1177/02690942241278637
João Almeida, Ana Daniel
The entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) concept has been getting attention as a comprehensive approach to studying the evolution of a local economy, and it is increasingly adopted by policymakers to promote entrepreneurship and innovation and foster local socio-economic development. This study represents an original attempt to understand the EE governance evolution and to contribute to the research on underdeveloped places, such as low-density territories. Evidence is taken from the EE of Fundão, a low-density municipality in the Centro region of Portugal, between 2012 and 2022. The primary and secondary data collected was analysed in the light of evolutionary governance theory and recent literature on evolutionary EEs. The findings highlight the significant role local government plays in the creation and development of the EE, by addressing the gaps in governance and resources within low-density territories, and performing multiple roles during the EE evolution. Moreover, several EE governance strategies were identified to tackle local obstacles including community acceptance, lack of entrepreneurial culture, or resource limitations. This work provides important contributions to EE and regional development literature, as well as implications for local and regional policymakers aiming to promote entrepreneurship and innovation in their territories.
创业生态系统（EE）概念作为一种研究地方经济演变的综合方法，已受到越来越多的关注，并被越来越多的政策制定者所采用，以推动创业和创新，促进地方社会经济发展。本研究是一次原创性的尝试，旨在了解 EE 治理的演变，并为低密度地区等欠发达地区的研究做出贡献。证据来自葡萄牙中部地区的一个低密度城市 Fundão 在 2012 年至 2022 年间的环境教育。根据进化治理理论和近期关于进化型环境经济的文献，对收集到的第一手和第二手数据进行了分析。研究结果强调了地方政府在创建和发展 EE 过程中发挥的重要作用，它解决了低密度地区在治理和资源方面的差距，并在 EE 演进过程中扮演了多重角色。此外，研究还发现了几种 EE 治理策略，以解决当地的障碍，包括社区接受度、缺乏创业文化或资源限制。这项研究为创业教育和区域发展文献做出了重要贡献，也为旨在促进当地创业和创新的地方和区域决策者提供了启示。
{"title":"Local governance of evolutionary entrepreneurial ecosystems: A case study in a low-density territory","authors":"João Almeida, Ana Daniel","doi":"10.1177/02690942241278637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02690942241278637","url":null,"abstract":"The entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) concept has been getting attention as a comprehensive approach to studying the evolution of a local economy, and it is increasingly adopted by policymakers to promote entrepreneurship and innovation and foster local socio-economic development. This study represents an original attempt to understand the EE governance evolution and to contribute to the research on underdeveloped places, such as low-density territories. Evidence is taken from the EE of Fundão, a low-density municipality in the Centro region of Portugal, between 2012 and 2022. The primary and secondary data collected was analysed in the light of evolutionary governance theory and recent literature on evolutionary EEs. The findings highlight the significant role local government plays in the creation and development of the EE, by addressing the gaps in governance and resources within low-density territories, and performing multiple roles during the EE evolution. Moreover, several EE governance strategies were identified to tackle local obstacles including community acceptance, lack of entrepreneurial culture, or resource limitations. This work provides important contributions to EE and regional development literature, as well as implications for local and regional policymakers aiming to promote entrepreneurship and innovation in their territories.","PeriodicalId":47006,"journal":{"name":"Local Economy","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1177/02690942241270570
Janice Morphet, John Denham
Here, we examine the continuing UK centralising trend for local government in England and the effects of changing accountabilities through the pathway of devolution narratives. We set out the key characteristics of policy change since 1992 and then analyse the most recently announced model Trailblazer Devolution Deals (TDD) single settlements for Mayoral Combined Authorities announced in the UK Budget 2023. We consider how far these TDD confer more devolution on CAs through the proposed creation of a single settlement for an integrated budget within the context of two previous government initiatives that were focused on the same approach, Government Offices for the Regions (GoRs) (1994–2010) and Total Place (2009–2011). We consider what occurred in practice and reflect on their demise as examples of institutions established by the UK government’s approach to transitional territorialism. We conclude with the view that these initiatives represent devolution in name only (DINO).
{"title":"Trailblazer devolution deals: The next oxymoron in the policy litany of sub-national governance in England?","authors":"Janice Morphet, John Denham","doi":"10.1177/02690942241270570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02690942241270570","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we examine the continuing UK centralising trend for local government in England and the effects of changing accountabilities through the pathway of devolution narratives. We set out the key characteristics of policy change since 1992 and then analyse the most recently announced model Trailblazer Devolution Deals (TDD) single settlements for Mayoral Combined Authorities announced in the UK Budget 2023. We consider how far these TDD confer more devolution on CAs through the proposed creation of a single settlement for an integrated budget within the context of two previous government initiatives that were focused on the same approach, Government Offices for the Regions (GoRs) (1994–2010) and Total Place (2009–2011). We consider what occurred in practice and reflect on their demise as examples of institutions established by the UK government’s approach to transitional territorialism. We conclude with the view that these initiatives represent devolution in name only (DINO).","PeriodicalId":47006,"journal":{"name":"Local Economy","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141944738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1177/02690942241272573
Andrew Wear
This paper identifies and explores the local economic development concepts that are the focus of the most highly cited papers published between 2013 and 2023. It finds that many emergent concepts describe the functioning of modern, knowledge-intensive economies (agglomeration, innovation ecosystems, mission-led innovation, global production networks, Industry 4.0, smart cities and institutions) and the uncertainty they are experiencing (economic resilience, gig economy and work from home). Other concepts deal with the opportunity associated with greater inclusion (female entrepreneurship) and the changing nature of rural economies. Finally, substantial emerging literature tackles the opportunities and challenges associated with the transition to an economy that does not outstrip the planet’s natural resources (clean energy transition, circular economy and degrowth). These ideas do not reconcile easily into a coherent framework. The challenge for local economic development practitioners is to work in partnership with others to integrate these concepts into an approach that makes sense for their communities.
{"title":"Emergent concepts in local economic development","authors":"Andrew Wear","doi":"10.1177/02690942241272573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02690942241272573","url":null,"abstract":"This paper identifies and explores the local economic development concepts that are the focus of the most highly cited papers published between 2013 and 2023. It finds that many emergent concepts describe the functioning of modern, knowledge-intensive economies (agglomeration, innovation ecosystems, mission-led innovation, global production networks, Industry 4.0, smart cities and institutions) and the uncertainty they are experiencing (economic resilience, gig economy and work from home). Other concepts deal with the opportunity associated with greater inclusion (female entrepreneurship) and the changing nature of rural economies. Finally, substantial emerging literature tackles the opportunities and challenges associated with the transition to an economy that does not outstrip the planet’s natural resources (clean energy transition, circular economy and degrowth). These ideas do not reconcile easily into a coherent framework. The challenge for local economic development practitioners is to work in partnership with others to integrate these concepts into an approach that makes sense for their communities.","PeriodicalId":47006,"journal":{"name":"Local Economy","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141944740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1177/02690942241270573
Moh. Hasan Basri, Redho Saputra
{"title":"Book review: Managing the transition to a circular economy action plans in the tourism sector","authors":"Moh. Hasan Basri, Redho Saputra","doi":"10.1177/02690942241270573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02690942241270573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47006,"journal":{"name":"Local Economy","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141887394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nepal’s imminent graduation from the Least Developed Country (LDC) status marks a significant milestone in its development trajectory, highlighting substantial progress in economic, social, and human development indicators. This transition necessitates a strategic approach to capitalize on newfound opportunities while mitigating associated challenges. Drawing on insights from socio-economic indicators and economic evolution data, this paper assesses Nepal’s readiness for graduation and outlines key priorities for its post-LDC journey. Emphasizing sustainable development aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the paper advocates for in-country resource mobilization, system strengthening with a localization focus, human capital development, market access facilitation, resilience building, and promotion of foreign direct investment. By leveraging international support, prioritizing strategic initiatives, and fostering conducive environments for growth and investment, Nepal can navigate the transition effectively and pave the way for inclusive, resilient, and sustainable development.
{"title":"Navigating Nepal’s development trajectory: The road to graduation from the LDC status and beyond","authors":"Ghanshyam Gautam, Saugat Pratap KC, Bikram Adhikari, Sushil Chandra Baral","doi":"10.1177/02690942241270566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02690942241270566","url":null,"abstract":"Nepal’s imminent graduation from the Least Developed Country (LDC) status marks a significant milestone in its development trajectory, highlighting substantial progress in economic, social, and human development indicators. This transition necessitates a strategic approach to capitalize on newfound opportunities while mitigating associated challenges. Drawing on insights from socio-economic indicators and economic evolution data, this paper assesses Nepal’s readiness for graduation and outlines key priorities for its post-LDC journey. Emphasizing sustainable development aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the paper advocates for in-country resource mobilization, system strengthening with a localization focus, human capital development, market access facilitation, resilience building, and promotion of foreign direct investment. By leveraging international support, prioritizing strategic initiatives, and fostering conducive environments for growth and investment, Nepal can navigate the transition effectively and pave the way for inclusive, resilient, and sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":47006,"journal":{"name":"Local Economy","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141873162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1177/02690942241269490
Atikah Fajriani
{"title":"Book Review: Transformations of Global Food Systems for Climate Change Resilience: Addressing Food Security, Nutrition, and Health","authors":"Atikah Fajriani","doi":"10.1177/02690942241269490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02690942241269490","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47006,"journal":{"name":"Local Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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