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Book Review: McNamara’s folly: The use of low-IQ troops in the Vietnam War; Plus the induction of unfit men, criminals, and misfits 书评:麦克纳马拉的愚蠢:在越南战争中使用低智商的军队;再加上不称职的人,罪犯和不合群的人
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-07-11 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221108408
C. E. Degeneffe
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引用次数: 0
Persons With Disabilities in Self-Employment Served by the Federal/State Vocational Rehabilitation System: Differences Between 2011–2013 and 2017–2019 联邦/州职业康复系统服务的自营职业残疾人:2011-2013年与2017-2019年的差异
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221102396
Jennifer Sánchez, Michael P. Frain, Ghari Shirley, Devin Rohack, Deyu Pan
Persons with disabilities (PWDs) are disproportionately unemployed, underpaid, and underemployed despite their desire and capacity to work. The U.S. federal/state vocational rehabilitation (VR) program, under the supervision of the Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA), is charged with providing services to assist eligible PWDs (VR consumers) in achieving employment. Despite research showing that VR consumers closed to self-employment (vs. non-self-employment closures) have better outcomes, self-employment is often considered as a last resort. Moreover, some evidence suggests self-employment (like non-self-employment) outcomes are associated with VR consumers’ gender and racial/ethnic identity. The objective of this study was to determine trends of case closures in self-employment among PWDs within the VR program from 2011–2013 to 2017–2019 and to examine the effects of gender and race/ethnicity on self-employment outcomes. Variables of interest were obtained from RSA’s Case Service Report (RSA-911) data set for 2011, 2012, 2013, 2017, 2018, and 2019. Data were recoded and analyzed. The number of closures in self-employment declined significantly. Weekly earnings in self-employment increased. Time from application to closure in self-employment decreased. Differences in VR self-employment outcomes by race/ethnicity and gender were noted. Efforts should be made to increase competency in self-employment of VR counselors and promote self-employment within the VR program.
残疾人(PWD)失业、工资过低和就业不足的比例过高,尽管他们有工作的愿望和能力。美国联邦/州职业康复(VR)计划在康复服务管理局(RSA)的监督下,负责提供服务,帮助符合条件的残疾人(VR消费者)实现就业。尽管研究表明,对自营职业关闭的VR消费者(与非自营职业关闭相比)有更好的结果,但自营职业通常被认为是最后的手段。此外,一些证据表明,自营职业(如非自营职业)的结果与VR消费者的性别和种族/民族认同有关。本研究的目的是确定2011-2013年至2017-2019年VR项目中残疾人自营职业病例结案的趋势,并研究性别和种族/民族对自营职业结果的影响。感兴趣的变量来自RSA 2011年、2012年、2013年、2017年、2018年和2019年的案例服务报告(RSA-911)数据集。对数据进行了记录和分析。自营职业关闭的人数大幅下降。自营职业的周收入有所增加。自营职业从申请到结束的时间减少了。注意到种族/民族和性别在虚拟现实自营职业结果方面的差异。应努力提高虚拟现实顾问的自营职业能力,并在虚拟现实计划中促进自营职业。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric Validation of the Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy in a Sample of Undergraduate and Graduate Students in Rehabilitation: A Brief Report 在康复本科生和研究生样本中民族文化移情量表的心理计量学验证:一份简短的报告
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221102395
Kacie M. Blalock, Fong Chan, E. Cardoso, Eun-Jeong Lee, Kanako Iwanaga, Jia-Rung Wu, Xiangli Chen
Ethnocultural empathy is one of the most important multicultural competencies in counseling psychology. Wang et al. developed the Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy (SEE) for counseling psychology educators as an outcome variable to evaluate multicultural counseling competencies of counselors-in-training. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the measurement structure of the SEE in a sample of undergraduate and graduate students in rehabilitation. Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the four-factor intercorrelated model fit the data very well. The four factors include (a) empathic feeling and expression, (b) empathic perspective taking, (c) empathic awareness, and (d) acceptance of cultural differences. The SEE can be an invaluable tool for rehabilitation counselor educators to evaluate their students’ level of multicultural rehabilitation counseling competency and as an outcome variable for multicultural rehabilitation counseling training.
民族文化共情是咨询心理学中最重要的多元文化能力之一。Wang等人为咨询心理学教育者开发了民族文化共情量表(SEE)作为结果变量来评估在职咨询师的多元文化咨询能力。本研究的目的是评估康复学本科生和研究生的SEE的测量结构。验证性因子分析结果表明,四因素相关模型与数据拟合良好。这四个因素包括(a)共情感受和表达,(b)共情视角采取,(c)共情意识,(d)接受文化差异。SEE可以作为康复咨询教育者评估学生多元文化康复咨询能力水平的宝贵工具,也可以作为多元文化康复咨询培训的结果变量。
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引用次数: 0
Feasibility of Work-Related Interviewing and Conversational Skills Trainings for Individuals With Psychiatric Disabilities 对精神障碍患者进行工作面试和会话技能培训的可行性
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221102398
Weili Lu, Janice Oursler, Samantha J. Herrick, N. Gao, John Beninato, Carolyn Bazan, Kendall Hill, Tameika D. Minor
This study examined the feasibility of group interventions using the Direct Skills Teaching (DST) approach to teach interview preparedness skills (“Presenting Qualifications”) and basic work-related conversational skills (“Conversing with Others”) to individuals with psychiatric disabilities. This quasi-experimental pilot study included 87 participants in Study 1 and 55 participants in Study 2, all with various psychiatric diagnoses. Each group intervention consisted of four sessions delivered by graduate counseling students. Participants reported increased confidence in presenting qualifications at interviews in Study 1, and in conversational skills at work in Study 2. Participants in both studies reported high levels of satisfaction with the respective group intervention. The results of the study supported the feasibility of DST group interventions designed to teach work-related skills to individuals with psychiatric disabilities.
本研究考察了使用直接技能教学(DST)方法向精神残疾患者教授面试准备技能(“陈述资格”)和与工作相关的基本会话技能(“与他人交谈”)的小组干预的可行性。这项准实验性试点研究包括研究1的87名参与者和研究2的55名参与者,他们都有不同的精神病诊断。每组干预包括由研究生辅导学生进行的四次会议。参与者报告说,在研究1中,他们对在面试中展示资质更有信心,在研究2中,他们对工作中的对话技能更有信心。两项研究的参与者都对各自的小组干预表示高度满意。研究结果支持了DST小组干预的可行性,该干预旨在向精神残疾患者教授与工作相关的技能。
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引用次数: 0
The Essential Elements of Customized Employment: Results From a National Survey of Employment Providers 定制就业的基本要素:来自全国就业提供者调查的结果
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221088256
Katherine J. Inge, A. Sima, Tim Riesen, P. Wehman, Nancy Brooks-Lane
Customized employment (CE) is designed to meet the specific needs and interests of individuals with disabilities as well as the needs of the employer by using flexible strategies at every stage of employment. The objective of this study was to ask U.S. rehabilitation providers who implement these services to describe the current status of CE service delivery. An online survey was administered to employment professionals from agencies within the United States. Participants responded to questions on the unique characteristics of Discovery and job development, current use of CE services, and information on their personal and agency demographics. Results indicate that there is agreement among CE providers on critical Discovery and job development activities, which suggests that providers are regularly accessing information to inform their practice. There appears to be a gap between what respondents identify as critical activities and how well they are being implemented. Recommendations for providing CE training for providers and provisions for individuals with disabilities are explored.
定制就业旨在通过在就业的每个阶段使用灵活的策略来满足残疾人的具体需求和利益以及雇主的需求。本研究的目的是要求实施这些服务的美国康复提供者描述CE服务提供的现状。对来自美国各机构的就业专业人员进行了一项在线调查。参与者回答了关于探索和工作发展的独特特征、CE服务的当前使用以及他们的个人和机构人口统计信息的问题。结果表明,CE提供者在关键的发现和工作发展活动上达成了一致,这表明提供者定期获取信息,为其实践提供信息。受访者认为哪些是关键活动,与这些活动的实施情况之间似乎存在差距。探讨了为提供者提供CE培训和为残疾人提供CE培训的建议。
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引用次数: 5
Factors Impacting Functioning Level of Cancer Survivors in Turkey 影响土耳其癌症幸存者功能水平的因素
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221087166
C. Kaya, Fong Chan, J. Bezyak
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between demographic variables, personal factors, impairment-related variables, and functioning levels of cancer survivors in Turkey. Data for this study were collected from a major oncology institute and a nonprofit cancer organization in Turkey. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to investigate the sequential effect of demographic variables (i.e., age, gender, income, and education), personal factors (i.e., core self-evaluations, purpose in life, and religiosity), and impairment-related variables (i.e., pain, fatigue, perceived stress, and sleep disturbance) on the functioning level of Turkish cancer survivors (i.e., physical functioning, role functioning, emotional functioning, cognitive functioning, and social functioning). The results indicated that impairment-related variables explained a significant amount of variance in functioning scores above and beyond demographic and personal factors. Pain intensity and perceived stress were most prominent factors impacting functioning levels of Turkish cancer survivors. Pain and stress self-management training, psychotherapy and counseling, physical activity and exercise, and cognitive remediation training are recommended interventions to increase the functioning level and well-being of cancer survivors.
本研究的目的是调查土耳其癌症幸存者的人口统计学变量、个人因素、残疾相关变量和功能水平之间的关系。这项研究的数据来自土耳其的一家主要肿瘤研究所和一家非营利癌症组织。进行了分层回归分析,以调查人口统计学变量(即年龄、性别、收入和教育)、个人因素(即核心自我评价、生活目标和宗教信仰)的顺序效应,以及土耳其癌症幸存者的功能水平(即身体功能、角色功能、情绪功能、认知功能和社会功能)上的残疾相关变量(即疼痛、疲劳、感知压力和睡眠障碍)。结果表明,与损伤相关的变量解释了功能得分的显著差异,超过了人口统计学和个人因素。疼痛强度和压力是影响土耳其癌症幸存者功能水平的最显著因素。疼痛和压力自我管理培训、心理治疗和咨询、体育活动和锻炼以及认知修复培训是建议的干预措施,以提高癌症幸存者的功能水平和幸福感。
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引用次数: 0
Vocational Rehabilitation in the COVID-19 Era: The Importance of Supervision 新冠肺炎时代的职业康复:监管的重要性
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221087178
Allison Levine, P. Rumrill, C. Espinosa, Kathy Sheppard-Jones
The rehabilitation counseling profession, as an essential career, has been facing unforeseen and unprecedented complications as a result of the coronavirus-19 pandemic. As practitioners were required to begin completing their work virtually or using telehealth modalities, it became apparent that may be gaps in preparation for such a shift. It is as yet unknown what implication these changes have on employment rates of people with disabilities, in addition to other markers for independence (e.g., independent living, etc.). Implications of the sudden shift to virtual practice are especially of interest following the changes to the comprehensive system of personnel development legislated by the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act reauthorization of 2014. Decreased educational requirements may lead vocational rehabilitation (VR) employees to navigate a national crisis without the essential knowledge domains required for qualified provider status. The current study asked VR personnel to indicate their comfort and preparedness in various areas, in light of the pandemic and virtual service provision ( n = 88). Items were assessed at three levels: Counselor, Agency, and Client. Taken together, the results indicate that the sample feels able to maintain evidence-based services, and that supervisors have been regularly available during this uncertain time. Implications for rehabilitation researchers, supervisors, and educators are discussed.
康复咨询专业作为一项重要的职业,由于冠状病毒肺炎疫情,一直面临着无法预见的前所未有的并发症。由于从业者被要求开始以虚拟方式或使用远程医疗模式完成工作,很明显,在为这种转变做准备方面可能存在差距。目前还不知道这些变化对残疾人的就业率有什么影响,除了独立性的其他标志(例如,独立生活等)。随着2014年《劳动力创新和机会法》重新授权对全面的人事发展体系进行改革,突然转向虚拟实践的影响尤其令人感兴趣。教育要求的降低可能会导致职业康复(VR)员工在没有合格提供者身份所需的基本知识领域的情况下应对国家危机。目前的研究要求VR人员根据疫情和虚拟服务提供情况,说明他们在各个领域的舒适度和准备情况(n=88)。项目评估分为三个层次:顾问、代理和客户。总之,结果表明,样本感觉能够维持循证服务,并且在这段不确定的时间里,监督人员一直在定期提供服务。讨论了对康复研究人员、主管和教育工作者的影响。
{"title":"Vocational Rehabilitation in the COVID-19 Era: The Importance of Supervision","authors":"Allison Levine, P. Rumrill, C. Espinosa, Kathy Sheppard-Jones","doi":"10.1177/00343552221087178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00343552221087178","url":null,"abstract":"The rehabilitation counseling profession, as an essential career, has been facing unforeseen and unprecedented complications as a result of the coronavirus-19 pandemic. As practitioners were required to begin completing their work virtually or using telehealth modalities, it became apparent that may be gaps in preparation for such a shift. It is as yet unknown what implication these changes have on employment rates of people with disabilities, in addition to other markers for independence (e.g., independent living, etc.). Implications of the sudden shift to virtual practice are especially of interest following the changes to the comprehensive system of personnel development legislated by the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act reauthorization of 2014. Decreased educational requirements may lead vocational rehabilitation (VR) employees to navigate a national crisis without the essential knowledge domains required for qualified provider status. The current study asked VR personnel to indicate their comfort and preparedness in various areas, in light of the pandemic and virtual service provision ( n = 88). Items were assessed at three levels: Counselor, Agency, and Client. Taken together, the results indicate that the sample feels able to maintain evidence-based services, and that supervisors have been regularly available during this uncertain time. Implications for rehabilitation researchers, supervisors, and educators are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47012,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44975273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The Development and Psychometric Validation of the Brief Disability-Related Stress Scale in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis 多发性硬化症患者残疾相关压力简易量表的编制及心理计量学验证
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221087173
Beatrice Lee, Fong Chan
Disability-related stress is the unique stressful experiences and challenges people with disabilities encounter. The goal of the study was to develop and validate the Brief Disability-Related Stress Scale (BDRSS) in a sample of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Findings demonstrated that the BDRSS is unidimensional and has good psychometric properties (internal consistency reliability coefficient [Cronbach’s α = .86]). The BDRSS was also found to correlate with the Perceived Stress Scale–10 (PSS-10; r = .69). Results of this study suggested the potential clinical utility of incorporating the BDRSS in rehabilitation, mental health, and neuropsychology settings to assess stressors experienced by people with MS.
与残疾有关的压力是残疾人遇到的独特的压力经历和挑战。该研究的目的是在多发性硬化症(MS)患者样本中开发和验证短暂残疾相关压力量表(BDRSS)。研究结果表明,BDRSS是单向度的,具有良好的心理测量特性(内部一致性信度系数[Cronbach 's α = .86])。BDRSS还被发现与感知压力量表-10 (PSS-10;R = 0.69)。本研究的结果表明,结合BDRSS在康复、心理健康和神经心理学设置中评估MS患者所经历的压力源的潜在临床应用。
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引用次数: 3
Asian Americans’ Perceived Knowledge of State Vocational Rehabilitation Services for People With Mental Illness 亚裔美国人对国家精神疾病患者职业康复服务的认知
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221087169
Jinhee Park, Eun-Jeong Lee, Jina Chun, Kaycee Roberts
Given the significant role of employment on independent living and well-being among individuals with disabilities, such as those with mental illness, it is important to examine the experiences of racially and ethnically diverse cultural groups, including Asian Americans. However, little research has focused on Asian Americans with disabilities in the rehabilitation counseling field. This study examined knowledge of state vocational rehabilitation (VR) services and the perceived importance and likeliness of receiving VR services in a sample of 315 Asian Americans. Survey questions were developed to ask participants’ perceived importance of receiving various VR services provided within state VR agencies and the likeliness of receiving or recommending each service if they or their family members had a mental illness. The results showed that most participants were not familiar with state VR services. Although slightly different patterns were identified in the participants’ importance and likeliness ratings, the top important and preferable service was diagnosis and treatment. The information gathered in this study has important implications for crafting culturally sensitive and effective outreach and marketing strategies in Asian American communities.
鉴于就业对残疾人(如精神病患者)的独立生活和福祉起着重要作用,研究包括亚裔美国人在内的种族和族裔多样的文化群体的经历很重要。然而,在康复咨询领域,很少有研究关注亚裔残疾美国人。本研究调查了315名亚裔美国人对国家职业康复(VR)服务的了解,以及接受VR服务的重要性和可能性。制定调查问题是为了询问参与者接受国家VR机构提供的各种VR服务的重要性,以及如果他们或其家人患有精神疾病,接受或推荐每项服务的可能性。结果显示,大多数参与者不熟悉国家VR服务。尽管参与者的重要性和可能性评级略有不同,但最重要和最可取的服务是诊断和治疗。本研究中收集的信息对制定亚裔美国人社区的文化敏感和有效的外联和营销策略具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
The Use of Social Justice Concepts in Rehabilitation Counselor Education: Results of an Exploratory Study 社会公正观念在康复咨询教育中的运用——一项探索性研究的结果
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q2 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2022-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/00343552221080416
Allison Levine, D. Harley, Allison R. Fleming
Divisive social rhetoric and prevalent racism make the need for infusing social justice throughout counselor education even more urgent than the decades-long calls for it. There is a dearth of empirical inquiry into the ways social justice concepts are enacted across rehabilitation counseling curricula. The current study used an exploratory survey to collect information about the techniques used by U.S. rehabilitation counselor educators (N = 71) to infuse social justice across all of their courses, including their pedagogical choices, rates of frequency for updating coursework, and professional development choices. Findings reveal that educators have favorable attitudes about social justice, are more likely to use academic journals and related disciplines in course development, and are more likely to use self-reflection and intuition-based opportunities for social justice professional development. Implications of the findings also include relevancy for supervisors and practitioners, who have the responsibility to and lead social justice education once trainees have entered the field as professionals.
分裂的社会言论和普遍的种族主义使得在辅导员教育中注入社会正义的需求比几十年来的呼吁更加迫切。缺乏对社会正义概念在康复咨询课程中实施的方式的实证调查。目前的研究采用了一项探索性调查来收集有关美国康复咨询教育者(N = 71)在他们所有的课程中注入社会正义的技术的信息,包括他们的教学选择,更新课程作业的频率和专业发展选择。研究结果显示,教育工作者对社会公正持积极态度,更有可能在课程开发中使用学术期刊和相关学科,更有可能利用自我反思和基于直觉的机会进行社会公正专业发展。调查结果的影响还包括主管和从业人员的相关性,一旦受训者作为专业人员进入该领域,他们就有责任领导社会正义教育。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin
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