Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.1177/10704965221139759
T. Frederiksen, Glenn Banks
In this paper, we explore the mining sector’s potential to contribute to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by examining its past engagement with sustainable development. Once a pariah, the mining industry is now very active in the sustainability space and played a key role in the development of the SDGs. In this paper, we first examine two key texts in evolving institutional frameworks: the Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development (MMSD) Project and the recent Mapping Mining to the SDGs, highlighting their limited framing of sustainable development. Then, we examine how sustainable development concerns and voluntary standards have been translated into practice by mining companies. Analysing this history and track record shows an approach to sustainable development which sidesteps contradictions at the heart of the mining industry’s production processes, all of which bode ill for their potential to contribute meaningfully to the SDGs.
{"title":"Can Mining Help Deliver the SDGs: Discourses, Risks and Prospects","authors":"T. Frederiksen, Glenn Banks","doi":"10.1177/10704965221139759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10704965221139759","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we explore the mining sector’s potential to contribute to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by examining its past engagement with sustainable development. Once a pariah, the mining industry is now very active in the sustainability space and played a key role in the development of the SDGs. In this paper, we first examine two key texts in evolving institutional frameworks: the Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development (MMSD) Project and the recent Mapping Mining to the SDGs, highlighting their limited framing of sustainable development. Then, we examine how sustainable development concerns and voluntary standards have been translated into practice by mining companies. Analysing this history and track record shows an approach to sustainable development which sidesteps contradictions at the heart of the mining industry’s production processes, all of which bode ill for their potential to contribute meaningfully to the SDGs.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"32 1","pages":"83 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42202970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.1177/10704965221139303
Heejin Han, Taedong Lee
Globally, several governments have adopted various forms of green stimulus policies (GSP) to manage environmental challenges and revitalize their national economies during crises. However, research on the varieties of GSPs within a country and the possible drivers of this diversity remain scarce. This study qualitatively compares the green growth and green new deal policies adopted under two different administrations in South Korea. Although both GSPs share similar components, they vary in their focus on nuclear energy and international cooperation. This study postulates that these differences are associated with the degree to which each administration saw GSP through the lens of a developmental state. Besides providing a comparative tool for examining GSPs and their elements, this research contributes to GSP research in a non-Western developed-country setting by highlighting how domestic factors shape the nature and composition of GSPs.
{"title":"Varieties of Green Stimulus Policies: Comparative Analysis of the Green Growth and Green New Deal Policies in South Korea","authors":"Heejin Han, Taedong Lee","doi":"10.1177/10704965221139303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10704965221139303","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, several governments have adopted various forms of green stimulus policies (GSP) to manage environmental challenges and revitalize their national economies during crises. However, research on the varieties of GSPs within a country and the possible drivers of this diversity remain scarce. This study qualitatively compares the green growth and green new deal policies adopted under two different administrations in South Korea. Although both GSPs share similar components, they vary in their focus on nuclear energy and international cooperation. This study postulates that these differences are associated with the degree to which each administration saw GSP through the lens of a developmental state. Besides providing a comparative tool for examining GSPs and their elements, this research contributes to GSP research in a non-Western developed-country setting by highlighting how domestic factors shape the nature and composition of GSPs.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"32 1","pages":"61 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47019335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The study was to examine the healthcare waste management practices in Niger State, Nigeria, with a view of promoting the quality of environment. The study has the following objectives: Determine the factors which influenced healthcare waste management practices in Niger State, assess the problems hindering the provision of adequate healthcare waste management practices, examine the physical planning implications on their sustainability, and examine the existing waste-management practices vis-a-vis of GHG emissions mitigation mechanism. Methodology: A questionnaires survey was carried out on the one hundred and fifty (150) respondents who were workers in the health facilities selected for the study for proper assessment of healthcare waste management of the hospitals. There was an interview of the various heads of departments of the hospitals’ administration to obtain accurate information on the management of the healthcare waste. Findings: The study found that the health facilities do not have records of the volume of waste which they generate. The medical wastes generated range from 0.116 to 0.561 kg/bed/day, but there is no standard gauge for measuring waste collected in Niger state. Thus, the average generation rate is approximately 0.181 kg/bed/day. What the study classified as general waste was found to be common among the health facilities in the study area. About 66.4% of the respondents ascertained this type of waste which constituted of paper, food and plastic. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Policies and monitoring mechanisms should be generated and coordinated at the federal and State levels and including Local Governments Areas (LGA) and Health facilities levels
{"title":"Assessment of the Effectiveness of Healthcare Waste Management Practices in Major Town of Niger State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Abdullahi, Busari, A.O Busari, J. Tankó","doi":"10.47941/je.1068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/je.1068","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study was to examine the healthcare waste management practices in Niger State, Nigeria, with a view of promoting the quality of environment. The study has the following objectives: Determine the factors which influenced healthcare waste management practices in Niger State, assess the problems hindering the provision of adequate healthcare waste management practices, examine the physical planning implications on their sustainability, and examine the existing waste-management practices vis-a-vis of GHG emissions mitigation mechanism. \u0000Methodology: A questionnaires survey was carried out on the one hundred and fifty (150) respondents who were workers in the health facilities selected for the study for proper assessment of healthcare waste management of the hospitals. There was an interview of the various heads of departments of the hospitals’ administration to obtain accurate information on the management of the healthcare waste. \u0000Findings: The study found that the health facilities do not have records of the volume of waste which they generate. The medical wastes generated range from 0.116 to 0.561 kg/bed/day, but there is no standard gauge for measuring waste collected in Niger state. Thus, the average generation rate is approximately 0.181 kg/bed/day. What the study classified as general waste was found to be common among the health facilities in the study area. About 66.4% of the respondents ascertained this type of waste which constituted of paper, food and plastic. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Policies and monitoring mechanisms should be generated and coordinated at the federal and State levels and including Local Governments Areas (LGA) and Health facilities levels","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80181065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.1177/10704965221132271
JuliaGrace J. Jester, Shumaila Fatima, Alphonse Opoku, Nidhi Bangalore, Farah Hennawi, Caroline Nabbie, S. Saravanan, Andreas Duit, Andrew Hargrove, J. Sommer
For several decades, national environmental framework laws have come into existence to define its citizens’ environmental rights and duties, as well as express how the government will manage and protect the environment. However, previous research has not considered how a nation’s highest form of law promising environmental protection and management conveys its role or supports relevant parties. To fill this gap, we do a narrative analysis to see what themes emerged in 44 national environmental framework laws across the world. The main themes are (1) Rights and responsibilities of citizens and corporations, (2) Rights of the natural environment, (3) Environmental knowledge, (4) Governing the natural environment, and (5) External influences. Overall, we argue that the narratives we observed in the national environmental framework laws helps shape and reify the existing human domination of the natural environment for our own benefit and survival under the guise of protection.
{"title":"Narratives of Environmentalism in National Laws","authors":"JuliaGrace J. Jester, Shumaila Fatima, Alphonse Opoku, Nidhi Bangalore, Farah Hennawi, Caroline Nabbie, S. Saravanan, Andreas Duit, Andrew Hargrove, J. Sommer","doi":"10.1177/10704965221132271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10704965221132271","url":null,"abstract":"For several decades, national environmental framework laws have come into existence to define its citizens’ environmental rights and duties, as well as express how the government will manage and protect the environment. However, previous research has not considered how a nation’s highest form of law promising environmental protection and management conveys its role or supports relevant parties. To fill this gap, we do a narrative analysis to see what themes emerged in 44 national environmental framework laws across the world. The main themes are (1) Rights and responsibilities of citizens and corporations, (2) Rights of the natural environment, (3) Environmental knowledge, (4) Governing the natural environment, and (5) External influences. Overall, we argue that the narratives we observed in the national environmental framework laws helps shape and reify the existing human domination of the natural environment for our own benefit and survival under the guise of protection.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"32 1","pages":"3 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42067308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-04DOI: 10.1177/10704965221123390
K. M. Agade, David H. Anderson, K. Lugusa, Evelyne Atieno Owino
Water scarcity in Narok county, Kenya may be attributed to demographic pressures, land-use changes, environmental degradation and the effects of climate change. This article combines methodologies from history and political science to investigate how local communities cope with water scarcity. In so doing, we consider how institutions, both indigenous and modern, mitigate conflict over access to and control of water sources. Cases are presented from sites of irrigation and development projects or plans. We find that climate change has little to do with water conflicts in Narok, but that more important factors are privatisation and commoditisation of formerly common-pool resources, and challenges and failures in modern water governance in mediating between Maasai (pastoralist) and non-Maasai (agriculturalist) groups. Indigenous governance institutions still have a place in conflict resolution and environmental protection.
{"title":"Water Governance, Institutions and Conflicts in the Maasai Rangelands","authors":"K. M. Agade, David H. Anderson, K. Lugusa, Evelyne Atieno Owino","doi":"10.1177/10704965221123390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10704965221123390","url":null,"abstract":"Water scarcity in Narok county, Kenya may be attributed to demographic pressures, land-use changes, environmental degradation and the effects of climate change. This article combines methodologies from history and political science to investigate how local communities cope with water scarcity. In so doing, we consider how institutions, both indigenous and modern, mitigate conflict over access to and control of water sources. Cases are presented from sites of irrigation and development projects or plans. We find that climate change has little to do with water conflicts in Narok, but that more important factors are privatisation and commoditisation of formerly common-pool resources, and challenges and failures in modern water governance in mediating between Maasai (pastoralist) and non-Maasai (agriculturalist) groups. Indigenous governance institutions still have a place in conflict resolution and environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"395 - 420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45333358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madina Mamo Mamo, Sitawa Michael Sitawa, Paul Norvy
The purpose of this study was to understand children’s engagement in environmental conservation in Saku constituency, Marsabit county Kenya. The specific objectives this study was to investigate the effectiveness reforestation efforts, awareness creation, environmental clean-up and the role played by children in resource mobilization for environmental conservation in Saku Constituency. The study used the ladder of participation model developed by Hart which identifies eight levels of children’s participation in projects. It is designed to encourage those working with the children to think more closely about the nature and purpose of children’s participation in community activities. The research used mixed methods approach. The target population was school-going children and the teachers in Saku Constituency. The researcher used questionnaires as a tool for data collection with a sample size of 72 participants. The study finding revealed that schools have made very great strides in ensuring and promoting reforestation efforts by the students and the schools have done well. Most of the students are taught environmental conservation in their schools as it is part of the syllabus and also participation in environmental clean-up exercise by both teachers and students in the school and in the local community clearly shows that environmental conservation is on the rise in the schools, lastly the study found out that most schools have not set aside resources for environmental conservation and they rarely receive funds for such activities and for those few schools who receive such funding are from the NGOs. The study also observed that lack of water and drought has been a major challenge when it comes to environmental conservation activities such as planting trees and clean-up exercises. The study recommends that the county government of Marsabit county set aside funds to help schools set up tanks to harvest rainwater rainy seasons and also for other environmental activities where financial assistance is needed. The study further suggests the school environmental club with the help of other stakeholders can expand environmental activities outside the school for example in market centers and in the villages so that environmental conservation is not only practiced in schools, and further sensitize the community members on the importance of environmental conservation.
{"title":"Children’s Engagement and Environmental Conservation: With Reference to Saku Constituency, Marsabit County Kenya","authors":"Madina Mamo Mamo, Sitawa Michael Sitawa, Paul Norvy","doi":"10.47941/je.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/je.1004","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to understand children’s engagement in environmental conservation in Saku constituency, Marsabit county Kenya. The specific objectives this study was to investigate the effectiveness reforestation efforts, awareness creation, environmental clean-up and the role played by children in resource mobilization for environmental conservation in Saku Constituency. The study used the ladder of participation model developed by Hart which identifies eight levels of children’s participation in projects. It is designed to encourage those working with the children to think more closely about the nature and purpose of children’s participation in community activities. The research used mixed methods approach. The target population was school-going children and the teachers in Saku Constituency. The researcher used questionnaires as a tool for data collection with a sample size of 72 participants. The study finding revealed that schools have made very great strides in ensuring and promoting reforestation efforts by the students and the schools have done well. Most of the students are taught environmental conservation in their schools as it is part of the syllabus and also participation in environmental clean-up exercise by both teachers and students in the school and in the local community clearly shows that environmental conservation is on the rise in the schools, lastly the study found out that most schools have not set aside resources for environmental conservation and they rarely receive funds for such activities and for those few schools who receive such funding are from the NGOs. The study also observed that lack of water and drought has been a major challenge when it comes to environmental conservation activities such as planting trees and clean-up exercises. The study recommends that the county government of Marsabit county set aside funds to help schools set up tanks to harvest rainwater rainy seasons and also for other environmental activities where financial assistance is needed. The study further suggests the school environmental club with the help of other stakeholders can expand environmental activities outside the school for example in market centers and in the villages so that environmental conservation is not only practiced in schools, and further sensitize the community members on the importance of environmental conservation. ","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82879934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-28DOI: 10.1177/10704965221121026
M. Wenborn, M. S. Svensson, Stein Katupa, R. Collinson, V. Nijman
The growing human population in Africa is putting increasing pressure on habitats and wildlife outside of protected areas. The wildlife conservancy model in Namibia empowers rural communities to decide on the use of wildlife. Namibia started to implement the conservancy model in the 1990s and provides relevant experience from which other countries can learn. We reviewed the conservancy model in northwest Namibia to identify lessons for other countries. Our core work included case studies on six conservancies. We confirmed success factors for conservancies include: investment and revenues, strong governance and support from NGOs, as has been identified in previous studies. We conclude that a comprehensive wildlife monitoring programme is also a critical success factor. The wildlife monitoring method in conservancies in Namibia has been consistent since 2001, and the results show that populations have recovered and stabilised, although there are ongoing risks to wildlife and habitats in this fragile landscape.
{"title":"Lessons on the Community Conservancy Model for Wildlife Protection in Namibia","authors":"M. Wenborn, M. S. Svensson, Stein Katupa, R. Collinson, V. Nijman","doi":"10.1177/10704965221121026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10704965221121026","url":null,"abstract":"The growing human population in Africa is putting increasing pressure on habitats and wildlife outside of protected areas. The wildlife conservancy model in Namibia empowers rural communities to decide on the use of wildlife. Namibia started to implement the conservancy model in the 1990s and provides relevant experience from which other countries can learn. We reviewed the conservancy model in northwest Namibia to identify lessons for other countries. Our core work included case studies on six conservancies. We confirmed success factors for conservancies include: investment and revenues, strong governance and support from NGOs, as has been identified in previous studies. We conclude that a comprehensive wildlife monitoring programme is also a critical success factor. The wildlife monitoring method in conservancies in Namibia has been consistent since 2001, and the results show that populations have recovered and stabilised, although there are ongoing risks to wildlife and habitats in this fragile landscape.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"375 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44870603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.1177/10704965221121743
Hao-bin Zhuang, John Aloysius Zinda, J. Lassoie
Advocacy by civil society organizations such as non-governmental organizations (NGOs) is especially challenging in a constraining political context. The Government of China has invited such organizations to assist in addressing emergent environmental problems while also limiting political challenges from them. NGOs need to respond to these political externalities strategically. This paper navigates a quarter-century advocacy voyage by an iconic Chinese environmental NGO—Friends of Nature—discussing how the organization adapted to meet internal organization challenges within a dynamic, restrictive political environment. We found two major strategic pathways: first, diminishing dependency on influential individual leaders by building institutional competence and reputation; second, strategic specialization in litigation that anticipates opportunities that might emerge as state policies shift, and actively shaping niches to exert impact. This study adds historical insights on an NGO’s evolution in China that can benefit other civil society organizations that face significant political, social, or legal challenges.
{"title":"“Crouching Tiger, Hidden Power”: A 25-year Strategic Advocacy Voyage of an Environmental NGO in China","authors":"Hao-bin Zhuang, John Aloysius Zinda, J. Lassoie","doi":"10.1177/10704965221121743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10704965221121743","url":null,"abstract":"Advocacy by civil society organizations such as non-governmental organizations (NGOs) is especially challenging in a constraining political context. The Government of China has invited such organizations to assist in addressing emergent environmental problems while also limiting political challenges from them. NGOs need to respond to these political externalities strategically. This paper navigates a quarter-century advocacy voyage by an iconic Chinese environmental NGO—Friends of Nature—discussing how the organization adapted to meet internal organization challenges within a dynamic, restrictive political environment. We found two major strategic pathways: first, diminishing dependency on influential individual leaders by building institutional competence and reputation; second, strategic specialization in litigation that anticipates opportunities that might emerge as state policies shift, and actively shaping niches to exert impact. This study adds historical insights on an NGO’s evolution in China that can benefit other civil society organizations that face significant political, social, or legal challenges.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"331 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47083073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Mounsi, Celestin Mountchissi, David Ikome Lyonga, Fils Thomas Roger Tchatchoua, Karen Maigou Pohowe, Marileine K. Kemme
Purpose: The environment is increasingly threatened by human activities. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the different activities carried out at Madingring Medical Center on the various environmental components. Methodology: To do this, the identification, characterization, and evaluation of the impacts were carried out during several field works using the Léopold and Fecteau matrices. The analysis of the waste management system was done using the Ishikawa 5M diagram. Findings: During the study, the real and potential impacts were identified on the various environments. The incineration of medical waste is classified as hazardous and the poor management of toilets emits polluting and toxic substances into the air, as well as unpleasant odors that modify air quality. The presence of stagnant water from the activities of the medical center due to the lack of good drainage degrades soil quality. Added to this, there is a development of algae and moss on the site. Concerning waste management, it appears that the Center does not have an environmental permit and a waste management plan, the sorting carried out is approximate, hazardous waste is incinerated illegally and others are dumped in landfills, contributing to environmental pollution. For each impact identified, corrective measures have been proposed and may make it possible to mitigate or eliminate the negative effects and improve the positive aspects, by implementing the environmental specifications. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: At the end of this study, some recommendations were made. These include training of medical staff in best practices and techniques for medical waste management, monitoring of the implementation of regulations on hospital waste management in Cameroon, information and sensitization of users on the social and environmental impacts of environmental degradation, as well as the best practices and behaviors to adopt within health facilities, the use of bins for the collection and sorting of waste, the creation of a pre-collection unit of waste within the health centers of Cameroon in general and those of Madingring in particular.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF MEDICAL TRAINING: THE CASE OF THE MADINGRING DISTRICT MEDICAL CENTER, NORTH CAMEROON","authors":"F. Mounsi, Celestin Mountchissi, David Ikome Lyonga, Fils Thomas Roger Tchatchoua, Karen Maigou Pohowe, Marileine K. Kemme","doi":"10.47941/je.977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/je.977","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The environment is increasingly threatened by human activities. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the different activities carried out at Madingring Medical Center on the various environmental components. \u0000Methodology: To do this, the identification, characterization, and evaluation of the impacts were carried out during several field works using the Léopold and Fecteau matrices. The analysis of the waste management system was done using the Ishikawa 5M diagram. \u0000Findings: During the study, the real and potential impacts were identified on the various environments. The incineration of medical waste is classified as hazardous and the poor management of toilets emits polluting and toxic substances into the air, as well as unpleasant odors that modify air quality. The presence of stagnant water from the activities of the medical center due to the lack of good drainage degrades soil quality. Added to this, there is a development of algae and moss on the site. Concerning waste management, it appears that the Center does not have an environmental permit and a waste management plan, the sorting carried out is approximate, hazardous waste is incinerated illegally and others are dumped in landfills, contributing to environmental pollution. For each impact identified, corrective measures have been proposed and may make it possible to mitigate or eliminate the negative effects and improve the positive aspects, by implementing the environmental specifications. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: At the end of this study, some recommendations were made. These include training of medical staff in best practices and techniques for medical waste management, monitoring of the implementation of regulations on hospital waste management in Cameroon, information and sensitization of users on the social and environmental impacts of environmental degradation, as well as the best practices and behaviors to adopt within health facilities, the use of bins for the collection and sorting of waste, the creation of a pre-collection unit of waste within the health centers of Cameroon in general and those of Madingring in particular.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81921017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study focuses on establishing the presence and concentration of heavy metals as well as investigating the physicochemical properties of dumpsite soils and adjacent farms in the vicinity of Aduwan, Katsit, Bayan-loco, Ungwa Bala and Faringida in Kafanchan town, Kaduna Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Methodology: Surface soil was randomly sampled at the depth of (0-15 cm) from the dumpsites and adjacent farms and analyzed for physicochemical parameters and contamination by lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd).The sample soils were generally sandy-loamy with pH ranging from 7.30 to 7.28. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) ranged between 5.61cmol/kg and 7.80cmol kg−1. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in Aduwan dumpsite are: Ni(240.15±20.55 mg/L), Cr(45.65±1.15 mg/L), Pb(100.10±2.30 mg/L); Bayan-loco dumpsite: Ni(168.1±15.75 mg/L), Cr(41.05±6.45 mg/L), Pb(81.20±18.90 mg/L); Ugwan-bala dumpsite: Ni(175.65±3.45 mg/L), Cr(34.45±5.95 mg/L), Pb(98.95±2.30 mg/L); Farin-gida dumpsite: Ni(166.45±31.15 mg/L), Cr(58.25±28.85 mg/L), Pb(85.15±67.43 mg/L); Katsit dumpsite: Ni(125.25±6.85 mg/L), Cr(32.45±5.15 mg/L), Pb(76.80±1.42 mg/L).Cadmium was not detected at all in all sampled plots. Findings: Analytical results showed that Lead (Pb) was the predominant ion in soils of the sampled areas. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study observes that dumpsites were serving as major reservoirs of heavy metals. WHO identify the discussed heavy metals to be highly toxic therefore a better waste management system need to be instituted to minimize their accumulation soils.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE HEAVY METALS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS, IN DUMPSITES AND ADJACENT FARMLANDS IN KAFANCHAN TOWN, KADUNA, NIGERIA","authors":"Rita Blessing Dogo, A. Tanko, G. Ajibade","doi":"10.47941/je.943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/je.943","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study focuses on establishing the presence and concentration of heavy metals as well as investigating the physicochemical properties of dumpsite soils and adjacent farms in the vicinity of Aduwan, Katsit, Bayan-loco, Ungwa Bala and Faringida in Kafanchan town, Kaduna Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. \u0000Methodology: Surface soil was randomly sampled at the depth of (0-15 cm) from the dumpsites and adjacent farms and analyzed for physicochemical parameters and contamination by lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd).The sample soils were generally sandy-loamy with pH ranging from 7.30 to 7.28. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) ranged between 5.61cmol/kg and 7.80cmol kg−1. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in Aduwan dumpsite are: Ni(240.15±20.55 mg/L), Cr(45.65±1.15 mg/L), Pb(100.10±2.30 mg/L); Bayan-loco dumpsite: Ni(168.1±15.75 mg/L), Cr(41.05±6.45 mg/L), Pb(81.20±18.90 mg/L); Ugwan-bala dumpsite: Ni(175.65±3.45 mg/L), Cr(34.45±5.95 mg/L), Pb(98.95±2.30 mg/L); Farin-gida dumpsite: Ni(166.45±31.15 mg/L), Cr(58.25±28.85 mg/L), Pb(85.15±67.43 mg/L); Katsit dumpsite: Ni(125.25±6.85 mg/L), Cr(32.45±5.15 mg/L), Pb(76.80±1.42 mg/L).Cadmium was not detected at all in all sampled plots. \u0000Findings: Analytical results showed that Lead (Pb) was the predominant ion in soils of the sampled areas. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study observes that dumpsites were serving as major reservoirs of heavy metals. WHO identify the discussed heavy metals to be highly toxic therefore a better waste management system need to be instituted to minimize their accumulation soils.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87216152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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