Mara Schindelholz, David McNulty, Chao (Gilbert) Liu, Zenghe Liu, Chock Karuppaiah, Donald Pile
A collection of technology highlights pulled from recent papers published in ECS journals.
摘自最近发表在ECS期刊上的论文的技术亮点集合。
{"title":"Tech Highlights - Spring 2023","authors":"Mara Schindelholz, David McNulty, Chao (Gilbert) Liu, Zenghe Liu, Chock Karuppaiah, Donald Pile","doi":"10.1149/2.f07231if","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.f07231if","url":null,"abstract":"A collection of technology highlights pulled from recent papers published in ECS journals.","PeriodicalId":47157,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical Society Interface","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134949107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The human brain integrates and processes information to perform complex cognitive tasks within approximately 20 watts of power. Today’s fastest supercomputer is unable to deliver the power requirements and the number of operations at the same energy levels. In the brain, the discrete and sparse events in time called spikes are used to process and encode the information. The energy efficiency of the brain is attributed to the sparsity of the spikes and event-driven communication between the neurons. Complex interconnections among the 1011 neurons and 1015 synapses in the human brain process the information, possibly encoded in the time, frequency, and phase of the spikes. Therefore, to emulate human cognition requires novel electronic devices and new algorithmic approaches. Brain-inspired computing, or neuromorphic computing, is an approach to build energy-efficient computing architectures and systems.
{"title":"Special Issue of Interface on Neuromorphic Computing: An Introduction and State of the Field","authors":"D. Misra","doi":"10.1149/2.f08231if","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.f08231if","url":null,"abstract":"The human brain integrates and processes information to perform complex cognitive tasks within approximately 20 watts of power. Today’s fastest supercomputer is unable to deliver the power requirements and the number of operations at the same energy levels. In the brain, the discrete and sparse events in time called spikes are used to process and encode the information. The energy efficiency of the brain is attributed to the sparsity of the spikes and event-driven communication between the neurons. Complex interconnections among the 1011 neurons and 1015 synapses in the human brain process the information, possibly encoded in the time, frequency, and phase of the spikes. Therefore, to emulate human cognition requires novel electronic devices and new algorithmic approaches. Brain-inspired computing, or neuromorphic computing, is an approach to build energy-efficient computing architectures and systems.","PeriodicalId":47157,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical Society Interface","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46336878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spring 2023 People News includes an In Memoriam for Diane K. Smith
2023年春季人物新闻包括纪念黛安·k·史密斯
{"title":"People News - Spring 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1149/2.004231if","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.004231if","url":null,"abstract":"Spring 2023 People News includes an In Memoriam for Diane K. Smith","PeriodicalId":47157,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical Society Interface","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135289227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spring 2023 Student News includes news from the ECS Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi, and Purdue ECS Student Chapters.
{"title":"Student News Spring 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1149/2.009231if","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.009231if","url":null,"abstract":"Spring 2023 Student News includes news from the ECS Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi, and Purdue ECS Student Chapters.","PeriodicalId":47157,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical Society Interface","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135289220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current state of neuromorphic computing broadly encompasses domain-specific computing architectures designed to accelerate machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. As is well known, AI/ML algorithms are limited by memory bandwidth. Novel computing architectures are necessary to overcome this limitation. There are several options that are currently under investigation using both mature and emerging memory technologies. For example, mature memory technologies such as high-bandwidth memories (HBMs) are integrated with logic units on the same die to bring memory closer to the computing units. There are also research efforts where in-memory computing architectures have been implemented using DRAMs or flash memory technologies. However, DRAMs suffer from scaling limitations, while flash memory devices suffer from endurance issues. Additionally, in spite of this significant progress, the massive energy consumption needed in neuromorphic processors while meeting the required training and inferencing performance for AI/ML algorithms for future applications needs to be addressed. On the AI/ML algorithm side, there are several pending issues such as life-long learning, explainability, context-based decision making, multimodal association of data, adaptation to address personalized responses, and resiliency. These unresolved challenges in AI/ML have led researchers to explore brain-inspired computing architectures and paradigms.
{"title":"Emerging Memory Devices Beyond Conventional Data Storage: Paving the Path for Energy-Efficient Brain-Inspired Computing","authors":"R. Jha","doi":"10.1149/2.f10231if","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.f10231if","url":null,"abstract":"The current state of neuromorphic computing broadly encompasses domain-specific computing architectures designed to accelerate machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. As is well known, AI/ML algorithms are limited by memory bandwidth. Novel computing architectures are necessary to overcome this limitation. There are several options that are currently under investigation using both mature and emerging memory technologies. For example, mature memory technologies such as high-bandwidth memories (HBMs) are integrated with logic units on the same die to bring memory closer to the computing units. There are also research efforts where in-memory computing architectures have been implemented using DRAMs or flash memory technologies. However, DRAMs suffer from scaling limitations, while flash memory devices suffer from endurance issues. Additionally, in spite of this significant progress, the massive energy consumption needed in neuromorphic processors while meeting the required training and inferencing performance for AI/ML algorithms for future applications needs to be addressed. On the AI/ML algorithm side, there are several pending issues such as life-long learning, explainability, context-based decision making, multimodal association of data, adaptation to address personalized responses, and resiliency. These unresolved challenges in AI/ML have led researchers to explore brain-inspired computing architectures and paradigms.","PeriodicalId":47157,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical Society Interface","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41649085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this installment of the “Looking at Patent Law” series, we present a case study of the prosecution events of U.S. Patent No. 9,559,375 directed towards “Iron Flow Battery”. This invention aligns with several divisions of the Electrochemical Society (ECS), including Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering (IE&EE), Battery (BATT), Energy Technology (ETD) and Electrodeposition (ELDP). The case study begins with a brief synopsis of the background of the invention followed by 1) summary of key drawings and the specification of the invention, 2) inventor assignment and power of attorney designations, 3) submission of the Invention Disclosure Statement (IDS) and associated Duty of Candor, 4) summary of the non-final office action (NF-OA) and rejection, and 5) applicant response and allowance of the patent application. The case study illustrates overcoming lack of “novelty” and “obviousness” rejections by combining the limitation of dependent claims with the independent claim. With this case study, we hope to de-mystify the patent prosecution process and better prepare electrochemical and solid-state scientists, engineers and technologists to interact with their patent counsel regarding their inventions.
{"title":"Looking at Patent Law: Patenting an Iron Slurry Electrode Redox Flow Battery-A Case Study","authors":"E. Jennings Taylor, M. Inman","doi":"10.1149/2.f04231if","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.f04231if","url":null,"abstract":"In this installment of the “Looking at Patent Law” series, we present a case study of the prosecution events of U.S. Patent No. 9,559,375 directed towards “Iron Flow Battery”. This invention aligns with several divisions of the Electrochemical Society (ECS), including Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering (IE&EE), Battery (BATT), Energy Technology (ETD) and Electrodeposition (ELDP). The case study begins with a brief synopsis of the background of the invention followed by 1) summary of key drawings and the specification of the invention, 2) inventor assignment and power of attorney designations, 3) submission of the Invention Disclosure Statement (IDS) and associated Duty of Candor, 4) summary of the non-final office action (NF-OA) and rejection, and 5) applicant response and allowance of the patent application. The case study illustrates overcoming lack of “novelty” and “obviousness” rejections by combining the limitation of dependent claims with the independent claim. With this case study, we hope to de-mystify the patent prosecution process and better prepare electrochemical and solid-state scientists, engineers and technologists to interact with their patent counsel regarding their inventions.","PeriodicalId":47157,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical Society Interface","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43022766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One key strategy toward decarbonizing chemical synthesis is to reduce reliance on fossil fuels as an energy source. The increased availability of renewable electricity from sources such as solar and wind offers opportunities to both reduce reliance on fossil fuels and electrify chemical manufacturing. While there are many possible uses for renewable electricity, such as joule heating of reactors, one approach is to use these electrons to make and break chemical bonds directly via electrochemistry.
{"title":"Reports From The Frontier-Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for Sustainable Electrochemical Synthesis","authors":"Z. Schiffer","doi":"10.1149/2.f05231if","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.f05231if","url":null,"abstract":"One key strategy toward decarbonizing chemical synthesis is to reduce reliance on fossil fuels as an energy source. The increased availability of renewable electricity from sources such as solar and wind offers opportunities to both reduce reliance on fossil fuels and electrify chemical manufacturing. While there are many possible uses for renewable electricity, such as joule heating of reactors, one approach is to use these electrons to make and break chemical bonds directly via electrochemistry.","PeriodicalId":47157,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemical Society Interface","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45823720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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