Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962626
K. Olwig
This paper argues that a useful point of departure for ethnographic research on the Caribbean can be found in the study of constructions of place and the wider patterns of rooted mobility, at various regional scales, which they implicate. This argument is developed through an examination of the emergence of family land on St. John, USVI, as an anchoring point for African‐Caribbean people engaged in acts of moving to explore social and economic opportunities outside the confines of local contexts of life. Family land thereby accommodated the seemingly contradictory acts of rooting and moving which have constituted mutually constitutive aspects of African‐Caribbean life. By examining the changing construction of family land as a locus of place identity it is possible to elucidate the establishment of significant frameworks of life among the people we study that are vital to the construction of place attachments ranging from the locus of family land and home island, to regional spheres which encompass not on...
{"title":"Caribbean place identity: From family land to region and beyond","authors":"K. Olwig","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962626","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that a useful point of departure for ethnographic research on the Caribbean can be found in the study of constructions of place and the wider patterns of rooted mobility, at various regional scales, which they implicate. This argument is developed through an examination of the emergence of family land on St. John, USVI, as an anchoring point for African‐Caribbean people engaged in acts of moving to explore social and economic opportunities outside the confines of local contexts of life. Family land thereby accommodated the seemingly contradictory acts of rooting and moving which have constituted mutually constitutive aspects of African‐Caribbean life. By examining the changing construction of family land as a locus of place identity it is possible to elucidate the establishment of significant frameworks of life among the people we study that are vital to the construction of place attachments ranging from the locus of family land and home island, to regional spheres which encompass not on...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"47 1","pages":"435-467"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88667301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962630
R. Reddock
This paper explores the issues of ethnicity and identity in the post‐colonial Caribbean with special reference to Trinidad and Tobago. As with other multi‐ethnic post‐colonial societies, the collapse of post‐World‐War II promises of unified national projects based on the nation‐state or class politics has seen the re‐emergence of racial/ethnic based trajectories. In the context of the contestations of ethnicity, class, and gender in Trinidad and Tobago, the voice of the “Dougla,” or those projecting “dougla identities” of mixed African and Indian ancestry, has been largely missing. Unlike in the North, conceptions of “mixed” identity have existed in the region for many decades. A concept of multiracial identity, however, is relatively new and underdeveloped. This paper explores tentative attempts through the popular culture to express such multiracial identities, especially through the medium of Calypso and Soca and the contestations that greet such an emergence. The dynamics of the changing social, polit...
{"title":"Jahaji Bhai: The emergence of a Dougla poetics in Trinidad and Tobago","authors":"R. Reddock","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962630","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the issues of ethnicity and identity in the post‐colonial Caribbean with special reference to Trinidad and Tobago. As with other multi‐ethnic post‐colonial societies, the collapse of post‐World‐War II promises of unified national projects based on the nation‐state or class politics has seen the re‐emergence of racial/ethnic based trajectories. In the context of the contestations of ethnicity, class, and gender in Trinidad and Tobago, the voice of the “Dougla,” or those projecting “dougla identities” of mixed African and Indian ancestry, has been largely missing. Unlike in the North, conceptions of “mixed” identity have existed in the region for many decades. A concept of multiracial identity, however, is relatively new and underdeveloped. This paper explores tentative attempts through the popular culture to express such multiracial identities, especially through the medium of Calypso and Soca and the contestations that greet such an emergence. The dynamics of the changing social, polit...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"67 1","pages":"569-601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83938105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962625
Antonio Lauria‐Perricelli
{"title":"Fight the power: Changing forms of consciousness and protest","authors":"Antonio Lauria‐Perricelli","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962625","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"159 1","pages":"427-434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77885174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-04-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962628
Deborah A. Thomas
This paper is a preliminary discussion of some of the issues raised by the restoration of Emancipation Day to the calendar of public holidays in 1997, the 35th anniversary of independence in Jamaica, in relation to the ways in which cultural nationalism has evolved during the post‐colonial period. Based on fieldwork both amongst members of the artistic community and in a rural village, it addresses the multiple and complicated relationships between blackness, Africanness, and Jamaicanness, and the articulation of these with ideas about progress, development, and modernization. It concludes that the extent to which purveyors of an officially designated Jamaican nationalism maintain a hegemony that appears fundamentally inpenetrable at the institutional level is dependent upon the extent to which they can (1) control the ways in which Africa is inserted into discourse regarding Jamaica's heritage, and (2) accommodate racialized understandings of citizenship while never giving them explicit priority.
{"title":"Emancipating the nation (again): Notes on nationalism, “modernization,” and other dilemmas in post‐colonial Jamaica","authors":"Deborah A. Thomas","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1999.9962628","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a preliminary discussion of some of the issues raised by the restoration of Emancipation Day to the calendar of public holidays in 1997, the 35th anniversary of independence in Jamaica, in relation to the ways in which cultural nationalism has evolved during the post‐colonial period. Based on fieldwork both amongst members of the artistic community and in a rural village, it addresses the multiple and complicated relationships between blackness, Africanness, and Jamaicanness, and the articulation of these with ideas about progress, development, and modernization. It concludes that the extent to which purveyors of an officially designated Jamaican nationalism maintain a hegemony that appears fundamentally inpenetrable at the institutional level is dependent upon the extent to which they can (1) control the ways in which Africa is inserted into discourse regarding Jamaica's heritage, and (2) accommodate racialized understandings of citizenship while never giving them explicit priority.","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"28 1","pages":"501-542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81748288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-11-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962620
M. Mills
This paper explores some of the tensions that arise in the course of young Thai women's rural‐urban labor migration. The rapid expansion of urban (and especially Bangkok‐based) manufacturing in contemporary Thailand targets young rural women as its primary labor force, a process that both relies on and challenges conventional gender relations and ideals. The experience of labor mobility engages migrants not only in national and transnational relations of production but also in the negotiation of hegemonic cultural images and identities, particularly those constituted by dominant (and gendered) discourses of and about Thai modernity. Courtship and marriage choices illustrate migrant women's attempts to maneuver within and against the constraints they face as members of a cheap, mobile labor force. In the process, however, these individualized efforts serve to reproduce rather than to challenge the structural and ideological conditions of their exploitation.
{"title":"Gendered encounters with modernity: labor migrants and marriage choices in contemporary Thailand.","authors":"M. Mills","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962620","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores some of the tensions that arise in the course of young Thai women's rural‐urban labor migration. The rapid expansion of urban (and especially Bangkok‐based) manufacturing in contemporary Thailand targets young rural women as its primary labor force, a process that both relies on and challenges conventional gender relations and ideals. The experience of labor mobility engages migrants not only in national and transnational relations of production but also in the negotiation of hegemonic cultural images and identities, particularly those constituted by dominant (and gendered) discourses of and about Thai modernity. Courtship and marriage choices illustrate migrant women's attempts to maneuver within and against the constraints they face as members of a cheap, mobile labor force. In the process, however, these individualized efforts serve to reproduce rather than to challenge the structural and ideological conditions of their exploitation.","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"17 1","pages":"301-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1998-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85773539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-11-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962619
N. Schiller
{"title":"The more things change","authors":"N. Schiller","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962619","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"75 1","pages":"297-299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1998-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74458399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-11-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962621
C. Tauxe
The representation of small‐town United States as a heartland of traditional values is a perennial image in national political rhetoric, bearing a dynamic relation to locally generated ways of portraying rural life. This paper examines transformations in the ways small‐town solidarity and local identity were promoted and represented by chambers of commerce in North Dakota communities undergoing rapid industrial expansion. Prior to boom development, “boosters” represented small‐town communities in locally significant terms, but as economic restructuring reconfigured the character of community life, identity politics were relocated within an insider/outsider conflict that reshaped the significance of localness and rurality. Portrayals of community reinvented for a new audience invoked elements of the nationally familar heartland myth, but lost much of their integrative function. This account of the processes of social change and changes in social representations reveals linkages between local and national l...
{"title":"Heartland community: Economic restructuring and the management of small town identity in the central U.S.","authors":"C. Tauxe","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962621","url":null,"abstract":"The representation of small‐town United States as a heartland of traditional values is a perennial image in national political rhetoric, bearing a dynamic relation to locally generated ways of portraying rural life. This paper examines transformations in the ways small‐town solidarity and local identity were promoted and represented by chambers of commerce in North Dakota communities undergoing rapid industrial expansion. Prior to boom development, “boosters” represented small‐town communities in locally significant terms, but as economic restructuring reconfigured the character of community life, identity politics were relocated within an insider/outsider conflict that reshaped the significance of localness and rurality. Portrayals of community reinvented for a new audience invoked elements of the nationally familar heartland myth, but lost much of their integrative function. This account of the processes of social change and changes in social representations reveals linkages between local and national l...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"27 1","pages":"335-377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1998-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75753257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-11-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962622
Norberto Valdez, J. Valdez
Ethnic and racial identities are deeply enmeshed in broader social processes of change. While ethnicity and race are important factors in consciousness and behavior, they are profoundly affected by the material conditions of life. Conceptually, ethnicity and race are often reified and essentialized, that is, they are attributed qualities that presumably give them independent explanatory power. This study analyzes primary sources to trace how descendants of freed slaves in colonial Virginia emerged as three apparently distinct racial populations. Factors such as national formation, the rise of slavery, and racial typologies all contributed to a restrictive social structure. Yet some individuals and families negotiated aspects of their racial identities through intermarriage, migration, legal processes, and revised genealogies in the search for opportunity. This study attempts to demystify thinking about race and ethnicity by revealing the social forces that influence the form and content of racial and ethn...
{"title":"The pot that called the kettle white: Changing racial identities and U.S. social construction of race","authors":"Norberto Valdez, J. Valdez","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962622","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnic and racial identities are deeply enmeshed in broader social processes of change. While ethnicity and race are important factors in consciousness and behavior, they are profoundly affected by the material conditions of life. Conceptually, ethnicity and race are often reified and essentialized, that is, they are attributed qualities that presumably give them independent explanatory power. This study analyzes primary sources to trace how descendants of freed slaves in colonial Virginia emerged as three apparently distinct racial populations. Factors such as national formation, the rise of slavery, and racial typologies all contributed to a restrictive social structure. Yet some individuals and families negotiated aspects of their racial identities through intermarriage, migration, legal processes, and revised genealogies in the search for opportunity. This study attempts to demystify thinking about race and ethnicity by revealing the social forces that influence the form and content of racial and ethn...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"32 1","pages":"379-413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1998-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81315286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962615
M. Anglin
Cancer activists have increasingly turned to environmental factors in explanation of breast cancer “hot spots,” or places with precipitously high rates of incidence, and equally to explain what they have termed “an epidemic of breast cancer.” Prominent in the discursive strategies of cancer activists has been discussion of the failure of traditional “risk factors” for breast cancer to explain the recent increase in breast cancer incidence or their own diagnoses. Rather than locate the causes of breast cancer within the lifestyles and reproductive strategies of women living in industrial societies, as biomedical theories have for the most part argued, cancer activists have begun to look at the disruptions caused by industrial development, in particular, to the creation and unsafe containment of toxic substances. This essay examines the incipient collaboration between cancer activists and representatives of the environmental justice movement as one of the strategies used to challenge official discourse on t...
{"title":"Dismantling the master's house: Cancer activists, discourses of prevention, and environmental justice","authors":"M. Anglin","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962615","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer activists have increasingly turned to environmental factors in explanation of breast cancer “hot spots,” or places with precipitously high rates of incidence, and equally to explain what they have termed “an epidemic of breast cancer.” Prominent in the discursive strategies of cancer activists has been discussion of the failure of traditional “risk factors” for breast cancer to explain the recent increase in breast cancer incidence or their own diagnoses. Rather than locate the causes of breast cancer within the lifestyles and reproductive strategies of women living in industrial societies, as biomedical theories have for the most part argued, cancer activists have begun to look at the disruptions caused by industrial development, in particular, to the creation and unsafe containment of toxic substances. This essay examines the incipient collaboration between cancer activists and representatives of the environmental justice movement as one of the strategies used to challenge official discourse on t...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"23 1","pages":"183-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74379236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-01DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962617
C. Gailey
In the United States children enter the state‐run foster care system because of a range of conditions considered to be “abuse and neglect.” Children entering the system are vulnerable to additional bureaucratically ordained violence, some of which is generic and some of which is gendered. This paper situates the exposure of children in state care to gendered violence in a context of poverty, the scaling back of state social welfare programs, and the interaction of gender, family, and race ideologies. The consequences of early exposure to gendered violence are explored through narratives by parents of girls adopted over the age of two who had been subject to sexual and other forms of gendered violence in or before foster care. The need for intervention on the conditions leading to foster care, better monitoring of children's well‐being in foster care, and training and support of foster and adoptive parents regarding recovery from gendered violence is stressed, as is the need to address the ideological cond...
{"title":"Making kinship in the wake of history: Gendered violence and older child adoption","authors":"C. Gailey","doi":"10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.1998.9962617","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States children enter the state‐run foster care system because of a range of conditions considered to be “abuse and neglect.” Children entering the system are vulnerable to additional bureaucratically ordained violence, some of which is generic and some of which is gendered. This paper situates the exposure of children in state care to gendered violence in a context of poverty, the scaling back of state social welfare programs, and the interaction of gender, family, and race ideologies. The consequences of early exposure to gendered violence are explored through narratives by parents of girls adopted over the age of two who had been subject to sexual and other forms of gendered violence in or before foster care. The need for intervention on the conditions leading to foster care, better monitoring of children's well‐being in foster care, and training and support of foster and adoptive parents regarding recovery from gendered violence is stressed, as is the need to address the ideological cond...","PeriodicalId":47227,"journal":{"name":"Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power","volume":"115 1","pages":"249-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80853075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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