Does the ethical turn in anthropology divert us from the political? Quite the contrary: there is simply too much about the political—its energies and angers, its solidarities and purposes, its imagination and hopes—that can’t be understood without probing its ethical wellsprings. Steph Grohmann’s The ethics of space: Homelessness and squatting in urban England is, among other things, an engaging and nuanced exploration of this insight. At its heart are occupants of properties left vacant by their legal owners. Some are anarchist activists, others are unhoused for more mundane reasons. They vary in their political commitments and exposure to contingency but are bound and motivated by an ethics of support for the most vulnerable. The ethics of space speaks to me in a rather specific way. I grew up not far from New York’s Bowery at a time, pregentrification, when it was still the city’s most famous skid row. Throughout my childhood, the daily walk to school took me through a small park that was primarily occupied by the unhoused. They were a highly visible, often abject, sometimes aggressive, and always disturbing and fascinating presence that I was too young and naïve to filter out. Early on I foundmyself asking what was the difference between them and me. I had a comfortable apartment to return to each day, they did not: why was it not the other way around—what was keeping me afloat? Grohmann might say that I simply had not yet gotten capitalism’s message, that the homeless are so Other “that the settled person can suppress all fear that, but for
人类学的伦理转向是否转移了我们对政治的注意力？恰恰相反：政治——它的能量和愤怒，它的团结和目的，它的想象力和希望——太多了，如果不探究它的道德源泉，就无法理解。斯蒂芬·格罗曼（Stephen Grohmann）的《空间伦理：英国城市的无家可归和蹲着》（The ethics of space：Homeless and蹲着）是对这一见解的一次引人入胜的细致入微的探索。其核心是合法所有者留下的空置房产的占用者。一些人是无政府主义活动家，另一些人则因更世俗的原因而不受欢迎。他们的政治承诺和应急风险各不相同，但受支持最弱势群体的道德约束和激励。太空伦理以一种相当具体的方式告诉我。我在离纽约鲍里不远的地方长大，那时还是纽约最著名的贫民区。在我的整个童年时期，每天步行上学都会带我穿过一个主要由无家可归者占据的小公园。他们是一个引人注目的存在，经常是卑鄙的，有时是咄咄逼人的，总是令人不安和着迷，我太年轻太天真了，无法过滤掉。早些时候，我发现自己在问他们和我之间有什么区别。我每天都有一间舒适的公寓要回，但他们没有：为什么不是相反——是什么让我漂浮起来？Grohmann可能会说，我只是还没有得到资本主义的信息，无家可归的人是如此的另类，以至于定居下来的人可以抑制所有的恐惧，但
{"title":":The Ethics of Space: Homelessness and Squatting in Urban England","authors":"T. Hall","doi":"10.1086/724472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724472","url":null,"abstract":"Does the ethical turn in anthropology divert us from the political? Quite the contrary: there is simply too much about the political—its energies and angers, its solidarities and purposes, its imagination and hopes—that can’t be understood without probing its ethical wellsprings. Steph Grohmann’s The ethics of space: Homelessness and squatting in urban England is, among other things, an engaging and nuanced exploration of this insight. At its heart are occupants of properties left vacant by their legal owners. Some are anarchist activists, others are unhoused for more mundane reasons. They vary in their political commitments and exposure to contingency but are bound and motivated by an ethics of support for the most vulnerable. The ethics of space speaks to me in a rather specific way. I grew up not far from New York’s Bowery at a time, pregentrification, when it was still the city’s most famous skid row. Throughout my childhood, the daily walk to school took me through a small park that was primarily occupied by the unhoused. They were a highly visible, often abject, sometimes aggressive, and always disturbing and fascinating presence that I was too young and naïve to filter out. Early on I foundmyself asking what was the difference between them and me. I had a comfortable apartment to return to each day, they did not: why was it not the other way around—what was keeping me afloat? Grohmann might say that I simply had not yet gotten capitalism’s message, that the homeless are so Other “that the settled person can suppress all fear that, but for","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47099942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":":More Than Shelter from the Storm: Hunter-Gatherer Houses and the Built Environment","authors":"B. Finlayson","doi":"10.1086/724473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724473","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60729397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":":Legacies of War: Violence, Ecologies, and Kin","authors":"N. Kellett","doi":"10.1086/724466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724466","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47746582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many parts of the world have seen a rise in companionate marriage, even though it is often imbued with ambivalences and anxieties, especially for women. Drawing on a series of mass-mediated scandals and on long-term fieldwork in the predominantly Muslim nation of Malaysia, this essay engages these dynamics, focusing on late-modern transformations in kinship and social relations and contested discourses of masculinity alleging that men are responsible for most ethical breaches and criminality. One of my two overarching goals is to demonstrate the value of providing a unified, historically informed analysis of kinship and gender that deals substantively with both normativity and transgression. The other is to analyze some of the diverse, locally specific ways that globally widespread sociohistorical trends involving the “loosening of constraints” and “increased choices” go hand in hand with new or more pronounced regimes of surveillance, discipline, and control.
{"title":"Companionate Marriage and Contested Masculinity in Late-Modern Malaysia: Ambivalences, Anxieties, and Vulnerabilities","authors":"M. Peletz","doi":"10.1086/724463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724463","url":null,"abstract":"Many parts of the world have seen a rise in companionate marriage, even though it is often imbued with ambivalences and anxieties, especially for women. Drawing on a series of mass-mediated scandals and on long-term fieldwork in the predominantly Muslim nation of Malaysia, this essay engages these dynamics, focusing on late-modern transformations in kinship and social relations and contested discourses of masculinity alleging that men are responsible for most ethical breaches and criminality. One of my two overarching goals is to demonstrate the value of providing a unified, historically informed analysis of kinship and gender that deals substantively with both normativity and transgression. The other is to analyze some of the diverse, locally specific ways that globally widespread sociohistorical trends involving the “loosening of constraints” and “increased choices” go hand in hand with new or more pronounced regimes of surveillance, discipline, and control.","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46504225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the corporeal and affectual dimensions of the relation between people and objects in Western societies as seen through the lens of notions of “ensoulment” held by the Yanesha of Western Amazonia. Ethnographic evidence suggests that processes of ensoulment play a crucial role in the relation between people and objects, bodies, and artifacts in Indigenous Amazonia. Expressed in corporeal terms as a transfer/absorption of vitality and in affectual terms as the communication of sets of affects and social agency, ensoulment is always a two-way process. Through the analysis of Western perceptions on a broad variety of objects, I explore how the Amazonian notion that artifacts are constitutive of bodies and bodies are constitutive of artifacts plays out in Euro-American contexts. I argue that despite the dominance of the scientific paradigm, notions of ensoulment and transfer of agency between people and objects persist in Western popular perceptions.
{"title":"Affectual Objects: Hybrid Notions of Materiality in the Western Lived World","authors":"Fernando Santos-Granero","doi":"10.1086/724462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724462","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the corporeal and affectual dimensions of the relation between people and objects in Western societies as seen through the lens of notions of “ensoulment” held by the Yanesha of Western Amazonia. Ethnographic evidence suggests that processes of ensoulment play a crucial role in the relation between people and objects, bodies, and artifacts in Indigenous Amazonia. Expressed in corporeal terms as a transfer/absorption of vitality and in affectual terms as the communication of sets of affects and social agency, ensoulment is always a two-way process. Through the analysis of Western perceptions on a broad variety of objects, I explore how the Amazonian notion that artifacts are constitutive of bodies and bodies are constitutive of artifacts plays out in Euro-American contexts. I argue that despite the dominance of the scientific paradigm, notions of ensoulment and transfer of agency between people and objects persist in Western popular perceptions.","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43133141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our ocean planet is home to diverse marine environments and organisms that played an important role in human evolution and ecology. Today, coastal marine ecosystems are dramatically degraded and threatened by climate change, habitat destruction, overfishing, and more, leaving key questions about the future of ocean ecosystems in increasingly unstable times. Archaeology provides perspectives on past marine ecosystems and people’s role in shaping and influencing coastal environments prior to the dramatic changes of the postindustrial era. Drawing on archaeological research from the California Coast and the Chesapeake Bay, I explore how an understanding of long-term human interactions with marine ecosystems can help address contemporary environmental challenges and better prepare us for an uncertain future. Although clear examples of archaeological research guiding present-day biological conservation management and policy are limited, there are important signs of success. These include collaboration with Indigenous communities; growing recognition by biologists, ecologists, and other scientists of the significance of archaeological and historical ecological perspectives; and continued emphasis on the links between environmental conservation and social justice.
{"title":"Coastal Archaeology and Historical Ecology for a Changing Planet","authors":"T. Rick","doi":"10.1086/724458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724458","url":null,"abstract":"Our ocean planet is home to diverse marine environments and organisms that played an important role in human evolution and ecology. Today, coastal marine ecosystems are dramatically degraded and threatened by climate change, habitat destruction, overfishing, and more, leaving key questions about the future of ocean ecosystems in increasingly unstable times. Archaeology provides perspectives on past marine ecosystems and people’s role in shaping and influencing coastal environments prior to the dramatic changes of the postindustrial era. Drawing on archaeological research from the California Coast and the Chesapeake Bay, I explore how an understanding of long-term human interactions with marine ecosystems can help address contemporary environmental challenges and better prepare us for an uncertain future. Although clear examples of archaeological research guiding present-day biological conservation management and policy are limited, there are important signs of success. These include collaboration with Indigenous communities; growing recognition by biologists, ecologists, and other scientists of the significance of archaeological and historical ecological perspectives; and continued emphasis on the links between environmental conservation and social justice.","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46348758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anthropological studies of tourism have theorized scale and scale-making in primarily spatialized forms. This article, however, applies linguistic anthropological theories to show that scale is a discursive framework that includes spatial as well as qualitative and quantitative dimensions, which people use to assess socioeconomic problems associated with tourism. By bridging tourism studies, “music touristics,” and the semiotics of scale-making, the article analyzes how individuals’ positionalities vis-à-vis tourism are embedded in local and global power relations. The narratives of an influential musical promoter in Recife, Brazil, show that he employs—and combines—spatial, quantitative, and qualitative scales to compare Recife with more successful musical tourism destinations, to make ideological claims, and to envision how to transform the city into a musical tourism destination. In examining these discourses, the article suggests that individuals narratively create and invoke scales to strategically situate themselves and others within the global tourism industry.
{"title":"Scale-Making Narratives and Musical Tourism in Recife, Brazil","authors":"Falina Enriquez","doi":"10.1086/724477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724477","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropological studies of tourism have theorized scale and scale-making in primarily spatialized forms. This article, however, applies linguistic anthropological theories to show that scale is a discursive framework that includes spatial as well as qualitative and quantitative dimensions, which people use to assess socioeconomic problems associated with tourism. By bridging tourism studies, “music touristics,” and the semiotics of scale-making, the article analyzes how individuals’ positionalities vis-à-vis tourism are embedded in local and global power relations. The narratives of an influential musical promoter in Recife, Brazil, show that he employs—and combines—spatial, quantitative, and qualitative scales to compare Recife with more successful musical tourism destinations, to make ideological claims, and to envision how to transform the city into a musical tourism destination. In examining these discourses, the article suggests that individuals narratively create and invoke scales to strategically situate themselves and others within the global tourism industry.","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44064005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":":Western Ceramic Traditions: Prehistoric and Historic Native American Ceramics of the Western US","authors":"S. Eckert","doi":"10.1086/723077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723077","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46286104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":":Engineering Vulnerability: In Pursuit of Climate Adaptation","authors":"K. Wijsman, Joshua Mullenite","doi":"10.1086/723090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48063037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":":Intrasite Spatial Analysis of Mobile and Semisedentary Peoples: Analytical Approaches to Reconstructing Occupational History","authors":"D. Henry","doi":"10.1086/723088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44600947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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